Towards evening we arrived at the town of Atfeh — half land, half houses, half palm-trees, with swarms9 of half-naked people crowding the rustic10 shady bazaars11, and bartering13 their produce of fruit or many-coloured grain. Here the canal came to a check, ending abruptly15 with a large lock. A little fleet of masts and country ships were beyond the lock, and it led into THE NILE.
After all, it is something to have seen these red waters. It is only low green banks, mud-huts, and palm-clumps, with the sun setting red behind them, and the great, dull, sinuous16 river flashing here and there in the light. But it is the Nile, the old Saturn17 of a stream — a divinity yet, though younger river-gods have deposed18 him. Hail! O venerable father of crocodiles! We were all lost in sentiments of the profoundest awe19 and respect; which we proved by tumbling down into the cabin of the Nile steamer that was waiting to receive us, and fighting and cheating for sleeping-berths.
At dawn in the morning we were on deck; the character had not altered of the scenery about the river. Vast flat stretches of land were on either side, recovering from the subsiding20 inundations: near the mud villages, a country ship or two was roosting under the date-trees; the landscape everywhere stretching away level and lonely. In the sky in the east was a long streak21 of greenish light, which widened and rose until it grew to be of an opal colour, then orange; then, behold22, the round red disc of the sun rose flaming up above the horizon. All the water blushed as he got up; the deck was all red; the steersman gave his helm to another, and prostrated23 himself on the deck, and bowed his head eastward25, and praised the Maker26 of the sun: it shone on his white turban as he was kneeling, and gilt27 up his bronzed face, and sent his blue shadow over the glowing deck. The distances, which had been grey, were now clothed in purple; and the broad stream was illuminated28. As the sun rose higher, the morning blush faded away; the sky was cloudless and pale, and the river and the surrounding landscape were dazzlingly clear.
Looking ahead in an hour or two, we saw the Pyramids. Fancy my sensations, dear M—: two big ones and a little one —
!!!
There they lay, rosy29 and solemn in the distance — those old, majestical, mystical, familiar edifices30. Several of us tried to be impressed; but breakfast supervening, a rush was made at the coffee and cold pies, and the sentiment of awe was lost in the scramble31 for victuals32.
Are we so blases of the world that the greatest marvels33 in it do not succeed in moving us? Have society, Pall34 Mall clubs, and a habit of sneering35, so withered36 up our organs of veneration37 that we can admire no more? My sensation with regard to the Pyramids was, that I had seen them before: then came a feeling of shame that the view of them should awaken38 no respect. Then I wanted (naturally) to see whether my neighbours were any more enthusiastic than myself — Trinity College, Oxford39, was busy with the cold ham: Downing Street was particularly attentive40 to a bunch of grapes: Figtree Court behaved with decent propriety41; he is in good practice, and of a Conservative turn of mind, which leads him to respect from principle les faits accomplis: perhaps he remembered that one of them was as big as Lincoln’s Inn Fields. But, the truth is, nobody was seriously moved . . . And why should they, because of an exaggeration of bricks ever so enormous? I confess, for my part, that the Pyramids are very big.
After a voyage of about thirty hours, the steamer brought up at the quay42 of Boulak, amidst a small fleet of dirty comfortless cangias, in which cottons and merchandise were loading and unloading, and a huge noise and bustle43 on the shore. Numerous villas44, parks, and country-houses had begun to decorate the Cairo bank of the stream ere this: residences of the Pasha’s nobles, who have had orders to take their pleasure here and beautify the precincts of the capital; tall factory chimneys also rise here; there are foundries and steam-engine manufactories. These, and the pleasure-houses, stand as trim as soldiers on parade; contrasting with the swarming45, slovenly46, close, tumble-down, Eastern old town, that forms the outport of Cairo, and was built before the importation of European taste and discipline.
Here we alighted upon donkeys, to the full as brisk as those of Alexandria, invaluable47 to timid riders, and equal to any weight. We had a Jerusalem pony48 race into Cairo; my animal beating all the rest by many lengths. The entrance to the capital, from Boulak, is very pleasant and picturesque49 — over a fair road, and the wide-planted plain of the Ezbekieh; where are gardens, canals, fields, and avenues of trees, and where the great ones of the town come and take their pleasure. We saw many barouches driving about with fat Pashas lolling on the cushions; stately-looking colonels and doctors taking their ride, followed by their orderlies or footmen; lines of people taking pipes and sherbet in the coffee-houses; and one of the pleasantest sights of all — a fine new white building with HOTEL D’ORIENT written up in huge French characters, and which, indeed, is an establishment as large and comfortable as most of the best inns of the South of France. As a hundred Christian50 people, or more, come from England and from India every fortnight, this inn has been built to accommodate a large proportion of them; and twice a month, at least, its sixty rooms are full.
The gardens from the windows give a very pleasant and animated51 view: the hotel-gate is besieged52 by crews of donkey-drivers; the noble stately Arab women, with tawny53 skins (of which a simple robe of floating blue cotton enables you liberally to see the colour) and large black eyes, come to the well hard by for water: camels are perpetually arriving and setting down their loads: the court is full of bustling54 dragomans, ayahs, and children from India; and poor old venerable he-nurses, with grey beards and crimson55 turbans, tending little white-faced babies that have seen the light at Dumdum or Futtyghur: a copper56-coloured barber, seated on his hams, is shaving a camel-driver at the great inn-gate. The bells are ringing prodigiously57; and Lieutenant59 Waghorn is bouncing in and out of the courtyard full of business. He only left Bombay yesterday morning, was seen in the Red Sea on Tuesday, is engaged to dinner this afternoon in the Regent’s Park, and (as it is about two minutes since I saw him in the courtyard) I make no doubt he is by this time at Alexandria, or at Malta, say, perhaps, at both. Il en est capable. If any man can be at two places at once (which I don’t believe or deny) Waghorn is he.
Six o’clock bell rings. Sixty people sit down to a quasi-French banquet: thirty Indian officers in moustaches and jackets; ten civilians60 in ditto and spectacles; ten pale-faced ladies with ringlets, to whom all pay prodigious58 attention. All the pale ladies drink pale ale, which, perhaps, accounts for it; in fact the Bombay and Suez passengers have just arrived, and hence this crowding and bustling, and display of military jackets and moustaches, and ringlets and beauty. The windows are open, and a rush of mosquitoes from the Ezbekieh waters, attracted by the wax candles, adds greatly to the excitement of the scene. There was a little tough old Major, who persisted in flinging open the windows, to admit these volatile62 creatures, with a noble disregard to their sting — and the pale ringlets did not seem to heed63 them either, though the delicate shoulders of some of them were bare.
All the meat, ragouts, fricandeaux, and roasts, which are served round at dinner, seem to me to be of the same meat: a black uncertain sort of viand do these “fleshpots of Egypt” contain. But what the meat is no one knew: is it the donkey? The animal is more plentiful64 than any other in Cairo.
After dinner, the ladies retiring, some of us take a mixture of hot water, sugar, and pale French brandy, which is said to be deleterious, but is by no means unpalatable. One of the Indians offers a bundle of Bengal cheroots; and we make acquaintance with those honest bearded white-jacketed Majors and military Commanders, finding England here in a French hotel kept by an Italian, at the city of Grand Cairo, in Africa.
On retiring to bed you take a towel with you into the sacred interior, behind the mosquito curtains. Then your duty is, having tucked the curtains closely around, to flap and bang violently with this towel, right and left, and backwards65 and forwards, until every mosquito should have been massacred that may have taken refuge within your muslin canopy67.
Do what you will, however, one of them always escapes the murder; and as soon as the candle is out the miscreant68 begins his infernal droning and trumpeting69; descends70 playfully upon your nose and face, and so lightly that you don’t know that he touches you. But that for a week afterwards you bear about marks of his ferocity, you might take the invisible little being to be a creature of fancy — a mere71 singing in your ears.
This, as an account of Cairo, dear M-, you will probably be disposed to consider as incomplete: the fact is, I have seen nothing else as yet. I have peered into no harems. The magicians, proved to be humbugs72, have been bastinadoed out of town. The dancing-girls, those lovely Alme, of whom I had hoped to be able to give a glowing and elegant, though strictly73 moral, description, have been whipped into Upper Egypt, and as you are saying in your mind — Well, it ISN’T a good description of Cairo: you are perfectly74 right. It is England in Egypt. I like to see her there with her pluck, enterprise, manliness75, bitter ale, and Harvey Sauce. Wherever they come they stay and prosper76. From the summit of yonder Pyramids forty centuries may look down on them if they are minded; and I say, those venerable daughters of time ought to be better pleased by the examination, than by regarding the French bayonets and General Bonaparte, Member of the Institute, fifty years ago, running about with sabre and pigtail. Wonders he did, to be sure, and then ran away, leaving Kleber, to be murdered, in the lurch77 — a few hundred yards from the spot where these disquisitions are written. But what are his wonders compared to Waghorn? Nap massacred the Mamelukes at the Pyramids: Wag has conquered the Pyramids themselves; dragged the unwieldy structures a month nearer England than they were, and brought the country along with them. All the trophies79 and captives that ever were brought to Roman triumph were not so enormous and wonderful as this. All the heads that Napoleon ever caused to be struck off (as George Cruikshank says) would not elevate him a monument as big. Be ours the trophies of peace! O my country! O Waghorn! Hae tibi erunt artes. When I go to the Pyramids I will sacrifice in your name, and pour out libations of bitter ale and Harvey Sauce in your honour.
One of the noblest views in the world is to be seen from the citadel80, which we ascended81 today. You see the city stretching beneath it, with a thousand minarets83 and mosques84 — the great river curling through the green plains, studded with innumerable villages. The Pyramids are beyond, brilliantly distinct; and the lines and fortifications of the height, and the arsenal86 lying below. Gazing down, the guide does not fail to point out the famous Mameluke leap, by which one of the corps87 escaped death, at the time that His Highness the Pasha arranged the general massacre66 of the body.
The venerable Patriarch’s harem is close by, where he received, with much distinction, some of the members of our party. We were allowed to pass very close to the sacred precincts, and saw a comfortable white European building, approached by flights of steps, and flanked by pretty gardens. Police and law-courts were here also, as I understood; but it was not the time of the Egyptian assizes. It would have been pleasant, otherwise, to see the Chief Cadi in his hall of justice; and painful, though instructive, to behold the immediate88 application of the bastinado.
The great lion of the place is a new mosque85 which Mehemet Ali is constructing very leisurely89. It is built of alabaster90 of a fair white, with a delicate blushing tinge91; but the ornaments93 are European — the noble, fantastic, beautiful Oriental art is forgotten. The old mosques of the city, of which I entered two, and looked at many, are a thousand times more beautiful. Their variety of ornament92 is astonishing — the difference in the shapes of the domes94, the beautiful fancies and caprices in the forms of the minarets, which violate the rules of proportion with the most happy daring grace, must have struck every architect who has seen them. As you go through the streets, these architectural beauties keep the eye continually charmed: now it is a marble fountain, with its arabesque95 and carved overhanging roof, which you can look at with as much pleasure as an antique gem96, so neat and brilliant is the execution of it; then, you come to the arched entrance to a mosque, which shoots up like — like what? — like the most beautiful pirouette by Taglioni, let us say. This architecture is not sublimely97 beautiful, perfect loveliness and calm, like that which was revealed to us at the Parthenon (and in comparison of which the Pantheon and Colosseum are vulgar and coarse, mere broad-shouldered Titans before ambrosial99 Jove); but these fantastic spires100, and cupolas, and galleries, excite, amuse, tickle101 the imagination, so to speak, and perpetually fascinate the eye. There were very few believers in the famous mosque of Sultan Hassan when we visited it, except the Moslemitish beadle, who was on the look-out for backsheesh, just like his brother officer in an English cathedral; and who, making us put on straw slippers102, so as not to pollute the sacred pavement of the place, conducted us through it.
It is stupendously light and airy; the best specimens103 of Norman art that I have seen (and surely the Crusaders must have carried home the models of these heathenish temples in their eyes) do not exceed its noble grace and simplicity104. The mystics make discoveries at home, that the Gothic architecture is Catholicism carved in stone — (in which case, and if architectural beauty is a criterion or expression of religion, what a dismal105 barbarous creed106 must that expressed by the Bethesda meeting-house and Independent chapels107 be?)— if, as they would gravely hint, because Gothic architecture is beautiful, Catholicism is therefore lovely and right — why, Mahometanism must have been right and lovely too once. Never did a creed possess temples more elegant; as elegant as the Cathedral at Rouen, or the Baptistery at Pisa.
But it is changed now. There was nobody at prayers; only the official beadles, and the supernumerary guides, who came for backsheesh. Faith hath degenerated108. Accordingly they can’t build these mosques, or invent these perfect forms, any more. Witness the tawdry incompleteness and vulgarity of the Pasha’s new temple, and the woful failures among the very late edifices in Constantinople!
However, they still make pilgrimages to Mecca in great force. The Mosque of Hassan is hard by the green plain on which the Hag encamps before it sets forth109 annually110 on its pious111 peregrination112. It was not yet its time, but I saw in the bazaars that redoubted Dervish, who is the master of the Hag — the leader of every procession, accompanying the sacred camel; and a personage almost as much respected as Mr. O’Connell in Ireland.
This fellow lives by alms (I mean the head of the Hag). Winter and summer he wears no clothes but a thin and scanty113 white shirt. He wields114 a staff, and stalks along scowling115 and barefoot. His immense shock of black hair streams behind him, and his brown brawny body is curled over with black hair, like a savage116 man. This saint has the largest harem in the town; he is said to be enormously rich by the contributions he has levied117; and is so adored for his holiness by the infatuated folk, that when he returns from the Hag (which he does on horseback, the chief Mollahs going out to meet him and escort him home in state along the Ezbekieh road), the people fling themselves down under the horse’s feet, eager to be trampled118 upon and killed, and confident of heaven if the great Hadji’s horse will but kick them into it. Was it my fault if I thought of Hadji Daniel, and the believers in him?
There was no Dervish of repute on the plain when I passed; only one poor wild fellow, who was dancing, with glaring eyes and grizzled beard, rather to the contempt of the bystanders, as I thought, who by no means put coppers119 into his extended bowl. On this poor devil’s head there was a poorer devil still — a live cock, entirely120 plucked, but ornamented121 with some bits of ragged78 tape and scarlet122 and tinsel, the most horribly grotesque123 and miserable124 object I ever saw.
A little way from him, there was a sort of play going on — a clown and a knowing one, like Widdicombe and the clown with us — the buffoon125 answering with blundering responses, which made all the audience shout with laughter; but the only joke which was translated to me would make you do anything but laugh, and shall therefore never be revealed by these lips. All their humour, my dragoman tells me, is of this questionable126 sort; and a young Egyptian gentleman, son of a Pasha, whom I subsequently met at Malta, confirmed the statement, and gave a detail of the practices of private life which was anything but edifying127. The great aim of woman, he said, in the much-maligned128 Orient, is to administer to the brutality129 of her lord; her merit is in knowing how to vary the beast’s pleasures. He could give us no idea, he said, of the wit of the Egyptian women, and their skill in double entendre; nor, I presume, did we lose much by our ignorance. What I would urge, humbly130, however, is this — Do not let us be led away by German writers and aesthetics131, Semilassoisms, Hahnhahnisms, and the like. The life of the East is a life of brutes132. The much maligned Orient, I am confident, has not been maligned near enough; for the good reason that none of us can tell the amount of horrible sensuality practised there.
Beyond the Jack-pudding rascal133 and his audience, there was on the green a spot, on which was pointed134 out to me a mark, as of blood. That morning the blood had spouted135 from the neck of an Arnaoot soldier, who had been executed for murder. These Arnaoots are the curse and terror of the citizens. Their camps are without the city; but they are always brawling137, or drunken, or murdering within, in spite of the rigid138 law which is applied139 to them, and which brings one or more of the scoundrels to death almost every week.
Some of our party had seen this fellow borne by the hotel the day before, in the midst of a crowd of soldiers who had apprehended140 him. The man was still formidable to his score of captors: his clothes had been torn off; his limbs were bound with cords; but he was struggling frantically141 to get free; and my informant described the figure and appearance of the naked, bound, writhing142 savage, as quite a model of beauty.
Walking in the street, this fellow had just before been struck by the looks of a woman who was passing, and laid hands on her. She ran away, and he pursued her. She ran into the police-barrack, which was luckily hard by; but the Arnaoot was nothing daunted143, and followed into the midst of the police. One of them tried to stop him. The Arnaoot pulled out a pistol, and shot the policeman dead. He cut down three or four more before he was secured. He knew his inevitable144 end must be death: that he could not seize upon the woman: that he could not hope to resist half a regiment145 of armed soldiers: yet his instinct of lust146 and murder was too strong; and so he had his head taken off quite calmly this morning, many of his comrades attending their brother’s last moments. He cared not the least about dying; and knelt down and had his head off as coolly as if he were looking on at the same ceremony performed on another.
When the head was off, and the blood was spouting147 on the ground, a married woman, who had no children, came forward very eagerly out of the crowd, to smear148 herself with it — the application of criminals’ blood being considered a very favourable149 medicine for women afflicted150 with barrenness — so she indulged in this remedy.
But one of the Arnaoots standing151 near said, “What, you like blood, do you?” (or words to that effect). “Let’s see how yours mixes with my comrade’s.” And thereupon, taking out a pistol, he shot the woman in the midst of the crowd and the guards who were attending the execution; was seized of course by the latter; and no doubt tomorrow morning will have HIS head off too. It would be a good chapter to write — the Death of the Arnaoot — but I shan’t go. Seeing one man hanged is quite enough in the course of a life. J’y ai ete, as the Frenchman said of hunting.
These Arnaoots are the terror of the town. They seized hold of an Englishman the other day, and were very nearly pistolling him. Last week one of them murdered a shopkeeper at Boulak, who refused to sell him a water-melon at a price which he, the soldier, fixed152 upon it. So, for the matter of three-halfpence, he killed the shopkeeper; and had his own rascally153 head chopped off, universally regretted by his friends. Why, I wonder, does not His Highness the Pasha invite the Arnaoots to a dejeuner at the Citadel, as he did the Mamelukes, and serve them up the same sort of breakfast? The walls are considerably154 heightened since Emin Bey and his horse leapt them, and it is probable that not one of them would escape.
This sort of pistol practice is common enough here, it would appear; and not among the Arnaoots merely, but the higher orders. Thus, a short time since, one of His Highness’s grandsons, whom I shall call Bluebeard Pasha (lest a revelation of the name of the said Pasha might interrupt our good relations with his country)— one of the young Pashas being rather backward in his education, and anxious to learn mathematics, and the elegant deportment of civilised life, sent to England for a tutor. I have heard he was a Cambridge man, and had learned both algebra156 and politeness under the Reverend Doctor Whizzle, of — College.
One day when Mr. MacWhirter, B.A., was walking in Shoubra Gardens, with His Highness the young Bluebeard Pasha, inducting him into the usages of polished society, and favouring him with reminiscences of Trumpington, there came up a poor fellah, who flung himself at the feet of young Bluebeard, and calling for justice in a loud and pathetic voice, and holding out a petition, besought157 His Highness to cast a gracious eye upon the same, and see that his slave had justice done him.
Bluebeard Pasha was so deeply engaged and interested by his respected tutor’s conversation, that he told the poor fellah to go to the deuce, and resumed the discourse158 which his ill-timed outcry for justice had interrupted. But the unlucky wight of a fellah was pushed by his evil destiny, and thought he would make yet another application. So he took a short cut down one of the garden lanes, and as the Prince and the Reverend Mr. MacWhirter, his tutor, came along once more engaged in pleasant disquisition, behold the fellah was once more in their way, kneeling at the august Bluebeard’s feet, yelling out for justice as before, and thrusting his petition into the Royal face.
When the Prince’s conversation was thus interrupted a second time, his Royal patience and clemency159 were at an end. “Man,” said he, “once before I bade thee not to pester160 me with thy clamour, and lo! you have disobeyed me — take the consequences of disobedience to a Prince, and thy blood be upon thine own head.” So saying, he drew out a pistol and blew out the brains of that fellah, so that he never bawled162 out for justice any more.
The Reverend Mr. MacWhirter was astonished at this sudden mode of proceeding163: “Gracious Prince,” said he, “we do not shoot an undergraduate at Cambridge even for walking over a college grass-plot. — Let me suggest to your Royal Highness that this method of ridding yourself of a poor devil’s importunities is such as we should consider abrupt14 and almost cruel in Europe. Let me beg you to moderate your Royal impetuosity for the future; and, as your Highness’s tutor, entreat164 you to be a little less prodigal165 of your powder and shot.”
“O Mollah!” said His Highness, here interrupting his governor’s affectionate appeal — “you are good to talk about Trumpington and the Pons Asinorum, but if you interfere166 with the course of justice in any way, or prevent me from shooting any dog of an Arab who snarls167 at my heels, I have another pistol; and, by the beard of the Prophet! a bullet for you too.” So saying he pulled out the weapon, with such a terrific and significant glance at the Reverend Mr. MacWhirter, that that gentleman wished himself back in his Combination Room again; and is by this time, let us hope, safely housed there.
Another facetious168 anecdote169, the last of those I had from a well-informed gentleman residing at Cairo, whose name (as many copies of this book that is to be will be in the circulating libraries there) I cannot, for obvious reasons, mention. The revenues of the country come into the august treasury170 through the means of farmers, to whom the districts are let out, and who are personally answerable for their quota171 of the taxation172. This practice involves an intolerable deal of tyranny and extortion on the part of those engaged to levy173 the taxes, and creates a corresponding duplicity among the fellahs, who are not only wretchedly poor among themselves, but whose object is to appear still more poor, and guard their money from their rapacious174 overseers. Thus the Orient is much maligned; but everybody cheats there: that is a melancholy175 fact. The Pasha robs and cheats the merchants; knows that the overseer robs him, and bides176 his time, until he makes him disgorge by the application of the tremendous bastinado; the overseer robs and squeezes the labourer; and the poverty-stricken devil cheats and robs in return; and so the government moves in a happy cycle of roguery.
Deputations from the fellahs and peasants come perpetually before the august presence, to complain of the cruelty and exactions of the chiefs set over them: but, as it is known that the Arab never will pay without the bastinado, their complaints, for the most part, meet with but little attention. His Highness’s treasury must be filled, and his officers supported in their authority.
However, there was one village, of which the complaints were so pathetic, and the inhabitants so supremely177 wretched, that the Royal indignation was moved at their story, and the chief of the village, Skinflint Beg, was called to give an account of himself at Cairo.
When he came before the presence, Mehemet Ali reproached him with his horrible cruelty and exactions; asked him how he dared to treat his faithful and beloved subjects in this way, and threatened him with disgrace, and the utter confiscation178 of his property, for thus having reduced a district to ruin.
“Your Highness says I have reduced these fellahs to ruin,” said Skinflint Beg: “what is the best way to confound my enemies, and to show you the falsehood of their accusations180 that I have ruined them? — To bring more money from them. If I bring you five hundred purses from my village, will you acknowledge that my people are not ruined yet?”
The heart of the Pasha was touched: “I will have no more bastinadoing, O Skinflint Beg; you have tortured these poor people so much, and have got so little from them, that my Royal heart relents for the present, and I will have them suffer no farther.”
“Give me free leave — give me your Highness’s gracious pardon, and I will bring the five hundred purses as surely as my name is Skinflint Beg. I demand only the time to go home, the time to return, and a few days to stay, and I will come back as honestly as Regulus Pasha did to the Carthaginians — I will come back and make my face white before your Highness.”
Skinflint Beg’s prayer for a reprieve181 was granted, and he returned to his village, where he forthwith called the elders together. “O friends,” he said, “complaints of our poverty and misery182 have reached the Royal throne, and the benevolent183 heart of the Sovereign has been melted by the words that have been poured into his ears. ‘My heart yearns184 towards my people of El Muddee,’ he says; ‘I have thought how to relieve their miseries185. Near them lies the fruitful land of El Guanee. It is rich in maize186 and cotton, in sesame and barley187; it is worth a thousand purses; but I will let it to my children for seven hundred, and I will give over the rest of the profit to them, as an alleviation188 for their affliction.’”
The elders of El Muddee knew the great value and fertility of the lands of Guanee, but they doubted the sincerity189 of their governor, who, however, dispelled190 their fears, and adroitly191 quickened their eagerness to close with the proffered192 bargain. “I will myself advance two hundred and fifty purses,” he said; “do you take counsel among yourselves, and subscribe193 the other five hundred; and when the sum is ready, a deputation of you shall carry it to Cairo, and I will come with my share; and we will lay the whole at the feet of His Highness.” So the grey-bearded ones of the village advised with one another; and those who had been inaccessible194 to bastinadoes, somehow found money at the calling of interest; and the Sheikh, and they, and the five hundred purses, set off on the road to the capital.
When they arrived, Skinflint Beg and the elders of El Muddee sought admission to the Royal throne, and there laid down their purses. “Here is your humble195 servant’s contribution,” said Skinflint, producing his share; “and here is the offering of your loyal village of El Muddee. Did I not before say that enemies and deceivers had maligned me before the august presence, pretending that not a piastre was left in my village, and that my extortion had entirely denuded196 the peasantry? See! here is proof that there is plenty of money still in El Muddee: in twelve hours the elders have subscribed197 five hundred purses, and lay them at the feet of their lord.”
Instead of the bastinado, Skinflint Beg was instantly rewarded with the Royal favour, and the former mark of attention was bestowed198 upon the fellahs who had maligned him; Skinflint Beg was promoted to the rank of Skinflint Bey; and his manner of extracting money from his people may be studied with admiration200 in a part of the United Kingdom. 2
2 At Derrynane Beg, for instance.
At the time of the Syrian quarrel, and when, apprehending201 some general rupture202 with England, the Pasha wished to raise the spirit of the fellahs, and relever la morale203 nationale, he actually made one of the astonished Arabs a colonel. He degraded him three days after peace was concluded. The young Egyptian colonel, who told me this, laughed and enjoyed the joke with the utmost gusto. “Is it not a shame,” he said, “to make me a colonel at three-and-twenty; I, who have no particular merit, and have never seen any service?” Death has since stopped the modest and good-natured young fellow’s further promotion204. The death of — Bey was announced in the French papers a few weeks back.
My above kind-hearted and agreeable young informant used to discourse, in our evenings in the Lazaretto at Malta, very eloquently205 about the beauty of his wife, whom he had left behind him at Cairo — her brown hair, her brilliant complexion206, and her blue eyes. It is this Circassian blood, I suppose, to which the Turkish aristocracy that governs Egypt must be indebted for the fairness of their skin. Ibrahim Pasha, riding by in his barouche, looked like a bluff207 jolly-faced English dragoon officer, with a grey moustache and red cheeks, such as you might see on a field-day at Maidstone. All the numerous officials riding through the town were quite as fair as Europeans. We made acquaintance with one dignitary, a very jovial208 and fat Pasha, the proprietor209 of the inn, I believe, who was continually lounging about the Ezbekieh garden, and who, but for a slight Jewish cast of countenance210, might have passed any day for a Frenchman. The ladies whom we saw were equally fair; that is, the very slight particles of the persons of ladies which our lucky eyes were permitted to gaze on. These lovely creatures go through the town by parties of three or four, mounted on donkeys, and attended by slaves holding on at the crupper, to receive the lovely riders lest they should fall, and shouting out shrill211 cries of “Schmaalek,” “Ameenek” (or however else these words may be pronounced), and flogging off the people right and left with the buffalo-thong. But the dear creatures are even more closely disguised than at Constantinople: their bodies are enveloped212 with a large black silk hood179, like a cab-head; the fashion seemed to be to spread their arms out, and give this covering all the amplitude213 of which it was capable, as they leered and ogled214 you from under their black masks with their big rolling eyes.
Everybody has big rolling eyes here (unless, to be sure, they lose one of ophthalmia). The Arab women are some of the noblest figures I have ever seen. The habit of carrying jars on the head always gives the figure grace and motion; and the dress the women wear certainly displays it to full advantage. I have brought a complete one home with me, at the service of any lady for a masqued ball. It consists of a coarse blue dress of calico, open in front, and fastened with a horn button. Three yards of blue stuff for a veil; on the top of the veil a jar to be balanced on the head; and a little black strip of silk to fall over the nose, and leave the beautiful eyes full liberty to roll and roam. But such a costume, not aided by any stays or any other article of dress whatever, can be worn only by a very good figure. I suspect it won’t be borrowed for many balls next season.
The men, a tall, handsome, noble race, are treated like dogs. I shall never forget riding through the crowded bazaars, my interpreter, or laquais-de-place, ahead of me to clear the way — when he took his whip, and struck it over the shoulders of a man who could not or would not make way!
The man turned round — an old, venerable, handsome face, with awfully215 sad eyes, and a beard long and quite grey. He did not make the least complaint, but slunk out of the way, piteously shaking his shoulder. The sight of that indignity216 gave me a sickening feeling of disgust. I shouted out to the cursed lackey217 to hold his hand, and forbade him ever in my presence to strike old or young more; but everybody is doing it. The whip is in everybody’s hands: the Pasha’s running footman, as he goes bustling through the bazaar12; the doctor’s attendant, as he soberly threads the crowd on his mare218; the negro slave, who is riding by himself, the most insolent219 of all, strikes and slashes220 about without mercy, and you never hear a single complaint.
How to describe the beauty of the streets to you! — the fantastic splendour; the variety of the houses, and archways, and hanging roofs, and balconies, and porches; the delightful221 accidents of light and shade which chequer them: the noise, the bustle, the brilliancy of the crowd; the interminable vast bazaars with their barbaric splendour. There is a fortune to be made for painters in Cairo, and materials for a whole Academy of them. I never saw such a variety of architecture, of life, of picturesqueness222, of brilliant colour, and light and shade. There is a picture in every street, and at every bazaar stall. Some of these our celebrated223 water-colour painter, Mr. Lewis, has produced with admirable truth and exceeding minuteness and beauty; but there is room for a hundred to follow him; and should any artist (by some rare occurrence) read this, who has leisure, and wants to break new ground, let him take heart, and try a winter in Cairo, where there is the finest climate and the best subjects for his pencil.
A series of studies of negroes alone would form a picturebook, delightfully224 grotesque. Mounting my donkey today, I took a ride to the desolate225 noble old buildings outside the city, known as the Tombs of the Caliphs. Every one of these edifices, with their domes, and courts, and minarets, is strange and beautiful. In one of them there was an encampment of negro slaves newly arrived: some scores of them were huddled226 against the sunny wall; two or three of their masters lounged about the court, or lay smoking upon carpets. There was one of these fellows, a straight-nosed ebony-faced Abyssinian, with an expression of such sinister227 good-humour in his handsome face as would form a perfect type of villany. He sat leering at me, over his carpet, as I endeavoured to get a sketch228 of that incarnate229 rascality230. “Give me some money,” said the fellow. “I know what you are about. You will sell my picture for money when you get back to Europe; let me have some of it now!” But the very rude and humble designer was quite unable to depict231 such a consummation and perfection of roguery; so flung him a cigar, which he began to smoke, grinning at the giver. I requested the interpreter to inform him, by way of assurance of my disinterestedness232, that his face was a great deal too ugly to be popular in Europe, and that was the particular reason why I had selected it.
Then one of his companions got up and showed us his black cattle. The male slaves were chiefly lads, and the women young, well formed, and abominably233 hideous234. The dealer235 pulled her blanket off one of them, and bade her stand up, which she did with a great deal of shuddering236 modesty237. She was coal black, her lips were the size of sausages, her eyes large and good-humoured; the hair or wool on this young person’s head was curled and greased into a thousand filthy238 little ringlets. She was evidently the beauty of the flock.
They are not unhappy: they look to being bought, as many a spinster looks to an establishment in England; once in a family they are kindly239 treated and well clothed, and fatten240, and are the merriest people of the whole community. These were of a much more savage sort than the slaves I had seen in the horrible market at Constantinople, where I recollect241 the following young creature — [illustration] (indeed it is a very fair likeness242 of her) whilst I was looking at her and forming pathetic conjectures243 regarding her fate — smiling very good-humouredly, and bidding the interpreter ask me to buy her for twenty pounds.
From these Tombs of the Caliphs the Desert is before you. It comes up to the walls of the city, and stops at some gardens which spring up all of a sudden at its edge. You can see the first Station-house on the Suez Road; and so from distance-point to point, could ride thither244 alone without a guide.
Asinus trotted245 gallantly246 into this desert for the space of a quarter of an hour. There we were (taking care to keep our back to the city walls), in the real actual desert: mounds247 upon mounds of sand, stretching away as far as the eye can see, until the dreary248 prospect fades away in the yellow horizon! I had formed a finer idea of it out of “Eothen.” Perhaps in a simoom it may look more awful. The only adventure that befell in this romantic place was that Asinus’s legs went deep into a hole: whereupon his rider went over his head, and bit the sand, and measured his length there; and upon this hint rose up, and rode home again. No doubt one should have gone out for a couple of days’ march — as it was, the desert did not seem to me sublime98, only UNCOMFORTABLE.
Very soon after this perilous249 adventure the sun likewise dipped into the sand (but not to rise therefrom so quickly as I had done); and I saw this daily phenomenon of sunset with pleasure, for I was engaged at that hour to dine with our old friend J-, who has established himself here in the most complete Oriental fashion.
You remember J-, and what a dandy he was, the faultlessness of his boots and cravats250, the brilliancy of his waistcoats and kid-gloves; we have seen his splendour in Regent Street, in the Tuileries, or on the Toledo. My first object on arriving here was to find out his house, which he has taken far away from the haunts of European civilisation251, in the Arab quarter. It is situated252 in a cool, shady, narrow alley253; so narrow, that it was with great difficulty — His Highness Ibrahim Pasha happening to pass at the same moment — that my little procession of two donkeys, mounted by self and valet-de-place, with the two donkey-boys our attendants, could range ourselves along the wall, and leave room for the august cavalcade254. His Highness having rushed on (with an affable and good-humoured salute255 to our imposing256 party), we made J.‘s quarters; and, in the first place, entered a broad covered court or porch, where a swarthy tawny attendant, dressed in blue, with white turban, keeps a perpetual watch. Servants in the East lie about all the doors, it appears; and you clap your hands, as they do in the dear old “Arabian Nights,” to summon them.
This servant disappeared through a narrow wicket, which he closed after him; and went into the inner chambers257, to ask if his lord would receive us. He came back presently, and rising up from my donkey, I confided258 him to his attendant (lads more sharp, arch, and wicked than these donkey-boys don’t walk the pave of Paris or London), and passed the mysterious outer door.
First we came into a broad open court, with a covered gallery running along one side of it. A camel was reclining on the grass there; near him was a gazelle, to glad J— with his dark blue eye; and a numerous brood of hens and chickens, who furnish his liberal table. On the opposite side of the covered gallery rose up the walls of his long, queer, many-windowed, many-galleried house. There were wooden lattices to those arched windows, through the diamonds of one of which I saw two of the most beautiful, enormous, ogling259 black eyes in the world, looking down upon the interesting stranger. Pigeons were flapping, and hopping260, and fluttering, and cooing about. Happy pigeons, you are, no doubt, fed with crumbs261 from the henne-tipped fingers of Zuleika! All this court, cheerful in the sunshine, cheerful with the astonishing brilliancy of the eyes peering out from the lattice-bars, was as mouldy, ancient, and ruinous — as any gentleman’s house in Ireland, let us say. The paint was peeling off the rickety old carved galleries; the arabesques262 over the windows were chipped and worn; — the ancientness of the place rendered it doubly picturesque. I have detained you a long time in the outer court. Why the deuce was Zuleika there, with the beautiful black eyes?
Hence we passed into a large apartment, where there was a fountain; and another domestic made his appearance, taking me in charge, and relieving the tawny porter of the gate. This fellow was clad in blue too, with a red sash and a grey beard. He conducted me into a great hall, where there was a great, large Saracenic oriel window. He seated me on a divan263; and stalking off, for a moment, returned with a long pipe and a brass264 chafing-dish: he blew the coal for the pipe, which he motioned me to smoke, and left me there with a respectful bow. This delay, this mystery of servants, that outer court with the camels, gazelles, and other beautiful-eyed things, affected265 me prodigiously all the time he was staying away; and while I was examining the strange apartment and its contents, my respect and awe for the owner increased vastly.
As you will be glad to know how an Oriental nobleman (such as J— undoubtedly266 is) is lodged267 and garnished268, let me describe the contents of this hall of audience. It is about forty feet long, and eighteen or twenty high. All the ceiling is carved, gilt, painted and embroidered269 with arabesques, and choice sentences of Eastern writing. Some Mameluke Aga, or Bey, whom Mehemet Ali invited to breakfast and massacred, was the proprietor of this mansion270 once: it has grown dingier271, but, perhaps, handsomer, since his time. Opposite the divan is a great bay-window, with a divan likewise round the niche272. It looks out upon a garden about the size of Fountain Court, Temple; surrounded by the tall houses of the quarter. The garden is full of green. A great palm-tree springs up in the midst, with plentiful shrubberies, and a talking fountain. The room beside the divan is furnished with one deal table, value five shillings; four wooden chairs, value six shillings; and a couple of mats and carpets. The table and chairs are luxuries imported from Europe. The regular Oriental dinner is put upon copper trays, which are laid upon low stools. Hence J-Effendi’s house may be said to be much more sumptuously273 furnished than those of the Beys and Agas his neighbours.
When these things had been examined at leisure, J— appeared. Could it be the exquisite274 of the “Europa” and the “Trois Freres”? A man — in a long yellow gown, with a long beard somewhat tinged275 with grey, with his head shaved, and wearing on it, first, a white wadded cotton nightcap; second, a red tarboosh — made his appearance and welcomed me cordially. It was some time, as the Americans say, before I could “realise” the semillant J— of old times.
He shuffled276 off his outer slippers before he curled up on the divan beside me. He clapped his hands, and languidly called “Mustapha.” Mustapha came with more lights, pipes, and coffee; and then we fell to talking about London, and I gave him the last news of the comrades in that dear city. As we talked, his Oriental coolness and languor277 gave way to British cordiality; he was the most amusing companion of the club once more.
He has adapted himself outwardly, however, to the Oriental life. When he goes abroad he rides a grey horse with red housings, and has two servants to walk beside him. He wears a very handsome grave costume of dark blue, consisting of an embroidered jacket and gaiters, and a pair of trousers, which would make a set of dresses for an English family. His beard curls nobly over his chest, his Damascus scimitar on his thigh278. His red cap gives him a venerable and Bey-like appearance. There is no gewgaw or parade about him, as in some of your dandified young Agas. I should say that he is a Major-General of Engineers, or a grave officer of State. We and the Turkified European, who found us at dinner, sat smoking in solemn divan.
His dinners were excellent; they were cooked by a regular Egyptian female cook. We had delicate cucumbers stuffed with forced-meats; yellow smoking pilaffs, the pride of the Oriental cuisine279; kid and fowls a l’Aboukir and a la Pyramide: a number of little savoury plates of legumes of the vegetable-marrow sort: kibobs with an excellent sauce of plums and piquant280 herbs. We ended the repast with ruby281 pomegranates, pulled to pieces, deliciously cool and pleasant. For the meats, we certainly ate them with the Infidel knife and fork; but for the fruit, we put our hands into the dish and flicked282 them into our mouths in what cannot but be the true Oriental manner. I asked for lamb and pistachio-nuts, and cream-tarts au poivre; but J.‘s cook did not furnish us with either of those historic dishes. And for drink, we had water freshened in the porous283 little pots of grey clay, at whose spout136 every traveller in the East has sucked delighted. Also, it must be confessed, we drank certain sherbets, prepared by the two great rivals, Hadji Hodson and Bass284 Bey — the bitterest and most delicious of draughts285! O divine Hodson! a camel’s load of thy beer came from Beyrout to Jerusalem while we were there. How shall I ever forget the joy inspired by one of those foaming286 cool flasks287?
We don’t know the luxury of thirst in English climes. Sedentary men in cities at least have seldom ascertained288 it; but when they travel, our countrymen guard against it well. The road between Cairo and Suez is jonche with soda-water corks289. Tom Thumb and his brothers might track their way across the desert by those landmarks290.
Cairo is magnificently picturesque: it is fine to have palm-trees in your gardens, and ride about on a camel; but, after all, I was anxious to know what were the particular excitements of Eastern life, which detained J-, who is a town-bred man, from his natural pleasures and occupations in London; where his family don’t hear from him, where his room is still kept ready at home, and his name is on the list of his club; and where his neglected sisters tremble to think that their Frederick is going about with a great beard and a crooked291 sword, dressed up like an odious292 Turk. In a “lark” such a costume may be very well; but home, London, a razor, your sister to make tea, a pair of moderate Christian breeches in lieu of those enormous Turkish shulwars, are vastly more convenient in the long run. What was it that kept him away from these decent and accustomed delights?
It couldn’t be the black eyes in the balcony — upon his honour she was only the black cook, who has done the pilaff, and stuffed the cucumbers. No, it was an indulgence of laziness such as Europeans, Englishmen, at least, don’t know how to enjoy. Here he lives like a languid Lotus-eater — a dreamy, hazy293, lazy, tobaccofied life. He was away from evening parties, he said: he needn’t wear white kid gloves, or starched294 neckcloths, or read a newspaper. And even this life at Cairo was too civilised for him: Englishmen passed through; old acquaintances would call: the great pleasure of pleasures was life in the desert — under the tents, with still more nothing to do than in Cairo; now smoking, now cantering on Arabs, and no crowd to jostle you; solemn contemplations of the stars at night, as the camels were picketed295, and the fires and the pipes were lighted.
The night-scene in the city is very striking for its vastness and loneliness. Everybody has gone to rest long before ten o’clock. There are no lights in the enormous buildings; only the stars blazing above, with their astonishing brilliancy, in the blue peaceful sky. Your guides carry a couple of little lanterns which redouble the darkness in the solitary296 echoing street. Mysterious people are curled up and sleeping in the porches. A patrol of soldiers passes, and hails you. There is a light yet in one mosque, where some devotees are at prayers all night; and you hear the queerest nasal music proceeding from those pious believers. As you pass the madhouse, there is one poor fellow still talking to the moon — no sleep for him. He howls and sings there all the night — quite cheerfully, however. He has not lost his vanity with his reason: he is a Prince in spite of the bars and the straw.
What to say about those famous edifices, which has not been better said elsewhere? — but you will not believe that we visited them, unless I bring some token from them. Here is one:— [illustration]
That white-capped lad skipped up the stones with a jug297 of water in his hand, to refresh weary climbers; and squatting298 himself down on the summit, was designed as you see. The vast flat landscape stretches behind him; the great winding299 river; the purple city, with forts, and domes, and spires; the green fields, and palm-groves, and speckled villages; the plains still covered with shining inundations — the landscape stretches far far away, until it is lost and mingled300 in the golden horizon. It is poor work this landscape-painting in print. Shelley’s two sonnets301 are the best views that I know of the Pyramids — better than the reality; for a man may lay down the book, and in quiet fancy conjure302 up a picture out of these magnificent words, which shan’t be disturbed by any pettinesses or mean realities — such as the swarms of howling beggars, who jostle you about the actual place, and scream in your ears incessantly304, and hang on your skirts, and bawl161 for money.
The ride to the Pyramids is one of the pleasantest possible. In the fall of the year, though the sky is almost cloudless above you, the sun is not too hot to bear; and the landscape, refreshed by the subsiding inundations, delightfully green and cheerful. We made up a party of some half-dozen from the hotel, a lady (the kind soda-water provider, for whose hospitality the most grateful compliments are hereby offered) being of the company, bent305 like the rest upon going to the summit of Cheops. Those who were cautious and wise, took a brace306 of donkeys. At least five times during the route did my animals fall with me, causing me to repeat the desert experiment over again, but with more success. The space between a moderate pair of legs and the ground, is not many inches. By eschewing307 stirrups, the donkey could fall, and the rider alight on the ground, with the greatest ease and grace. Almost everybody was down and up again in the course of the day.
We passed through the Ezbekieh and by the suburbs of the town, where the garden-houses of the Egyptian noblesse are situated, to Old Cairo, where a ferry-boat took the whole party across the Nile, with that noise and bawling308 volubility in which the Arab people seem to be so unlike the grave and silent Turks; and so took our course for some eight or ten miles over the devious309 tract61 which the still outlying waters obliged us to pursue. The Pyramids were in sight the whole way. One or two thin silvery clouds were hovering310 over them, and casting delicate rosy shadows upon the grand simple old piles. Along the track we saw a score of pleasant pictures of Eastern life:— The Pasha’s horses and slaves stood caparisoned at his door; at the gate of one country-house, I am sorry to say, the Bey’s GIG was in waiting — a most unromantic chariot; the husbandmen were coming into the city, with their strings311 of donkeys and their loads; as they arrived, they stopped and sucked at the fountain: a column of red-capped troops passed to drill, with slouched gait, white uniforms, and glittering bayonets. Then we had the pictures at the quay: the ferryboat, and the red-sailed river-boat, getting under way, and bound up the stream. There was the grain market, and the huts on the opposite side; and that beautiful woman, with silver armlets, and a face the colour of gold, which (the nose-bag having been luckily removed) beamed solemnly on us Europeans, like a great yellow harvest moon. The bunches of purpling dates were pending312 from the branches; grey cranes or herons were flying over the cool shining lakes, that the river’s overflow313 had left behind; water was gurgling through the courses by the rude locks and barriers formed there, and overflowing314 this patch of ground; whilst the neighbouring field was fast budding into the more brilliant fresh green. Single dromedaries were stepping along, their riders lolling on their hunches315; low sail-boats were lying in the canals; now, we crossed an old marble bridge; now, we went, one by one, over a ridge155 of slippery earth; now, we floundered through a small lake of mud. At last, at about half-a-mile off the Pyramid, we came to a piece of water some two-score yards broad, where a regiment of half-naked Arabs, seizing upon each individual of the party, bore us off on their shoulders, to the laughter of all, and the great perplexity of several, who every moment expected to be pitched into one of the many holes with which the treacherous316 lake abounded317.
It was nothing but joking and laughter, bullying318 of guides, shouting for interpreters, quarrelling about sixpences. We were acting199 a farce319, with the Pyramids for the scene. There they rose up enormous under our eyes, and the most absurd trivial things were going on under their shadow. The sublime had disappeared, vast as they were. Do you remember how Gulliver lost his awe of the tremendous Brobdingnag ladies? Every traveller must go through all sorts of chaffering, and bargaining, and paltry320 experiences, at this spot. You look up the tremendous steps, with a score of savage ruffians bellowing321 round you; you hear faint cheers and cries high up, and catch sight of little reptiles322 crawling upwards323; or, having achieved the summit, they come hopping and bouncing down again from degree to degree — the cheers and cries swell324 louder and more disagreeable; presently the little jumping thing, no bigger than an insect a moment ago, bounces down upon you expanded into a panting Major of Bengal cavalry325. He drives off the Arabs with an oath — wipes his red shining face with his yellow handkerchief, drops puffing326 on the sand in a shady corner, where cold fowl7 and hard eggs are awaiting him, and the next minute you see his nose plunged in a foaming beaker of brandy and soda-water. He can say now, and for ever, he has been up the Pyramid. There is nothing sublime in it. You cast your eye once more up that staggering perspective of a zigzag327 line, which ends at the summit, and wish you were up there — and down again. Forwards! — Up with you! It must be done. Six Arabs are behind you, who won’t let you escape if you would.
The importunity328 of these ruffians is a ludicrous annoyance329 to which a traveller must submit. For two miles before you reach the Pyramids they seize on you and never cease howling. Five or six of them pounce330 upon one victim, and never leave him until they have carried him up and down. Sometimes they conspire331 to run a man up the huge stair, and bring him, half-killed and fainting, to the top. Always a couple of brutes insist upon impelling332 you sternwards; from whom the only means to release yourself is to kick out vigorously and unmercifully, when the Arabs will possibly retreat. The ascent333 is not the least romantic, or difficult, or sublime: you walk up a great broken staircase, of which some of the steps are four feet high. It’s not hard, only a little high. You see no better view from the top than you behold from the bottom; only a little more river, and sand, and ricefield. You jump down the big steps at your leisure; but your meditations334 you must keep for after-times — the cursed shrieking335 of the Arabs prevents all thought or leisure.
— And this is all you have to tell about the Pyramids? Oh! for shame! Not a compliment to their age and size? Not a big phrase,- -not a rapture336? Do you mean to say that you had no feeling of respect and awe? Try, man, and build up a monument of words as lofty as they are — they, whom “imber edax” and “aquilo impotens” and the flight of ages have not been able to destroy.
— No: be that work for great geniuses, great painters, great poets! This quill337 was never made to take such flights; it comes of the wing of a humble domestic bird, who walks a common; who talks a great deal (and hisses338 sometimes); who can’t fly far or high, and drops always very quickly; and whose unromantic end is, to be laid on a Michaelmas or Christmas table, and there to be discussed for half-an-hour — let us hope, with some relish339.
Another week saw us in the Quarantine Harbour at Malta, where seventeen days of prison and quiet were almost agreeable, after the incessant303 sight-seeing of the last two months. In the interval340, between the 23rd of August and the 27th of October, we may boast of having seen more men and cities than most travellers have seen in such a time:— Lisbon, Cadiz, Gibraltar, Malta, Athens, Smyrna, Constantinople, Jerusalem, Cairo. I shall have the carpet-bag, which has visited these places in company with its owner, embroidered with their names; as military flags are emblazoned, and laid up in ordinary, to be looked at in old age. With what a number of sights and pictures — of novel sensations, and lasting341 and delightful remembrances, does a man furnish his mind after such a tour! You forget all the annoyances342 of travel; but the pleasure remains343 with you, through that kind provision of nature by which a man forgets being ill, but thinks with joy of getting well, and can remember all the minute circumstances of his convalescence344. I forget what sea-sickness is now: though it occupies a woful portion of my Journal. There was a time on board when the bitter ale was decidedly muddy; and the cook of the ship deserting at Constantinople, it must be confessed his successor was for some time before he got his hand in. These sorrows have passed away with the soothing345 influence of time: the pleasures of the voyage remain, let us hope, as long as life will endure. It was but for a couple of days that those shining columns of the Parthenon glowed under the blue sky there; but the experience of a life could scarcely impress them more vividly346. We saw Cadiz only for an hour; but the white buildings, and the glorious blue sea, how clear they are to the memory! — with the tang of that gipsy’s guitar dancing in the market-place, in the midst of the fruit, and the beggars, and the sunshine. Who can forget the Bosphorus, the brightest and fairest scene in all the world; or the towering lines of Gibraltar; or the great piles of Mafra, as we rode into the Tagus? As I write this, and think, back comes Rhodes, with its old towers and artillery347, and that wonderful atmosphere, and that astonishing blue sea which environs the island. The Arab riders go pacing over the plains of Sharon, in the rosy twilight348, just before sunrise; and I can see the ghastly Moab mountains, with the Dead Sea gleaming before them, from the mosque on the way towards Bethany. The black gnarled trees of Gethsemane lie at the foot of Olivet, and the yellow ramparts of the city rise up on the stony349 hills beyond.
But the happiest and best of all the recollections, perhaps, are those of the hours passed at night on the deck, when the stars were shining overhead, and the hours were tolled350 at their time, and your thoughts were fixed upon home far away. As the sun rose I once heard the priest, from the minaret82 of Constantinople, crying out, “Come to prayer,” with his shrill voice ringing through the clear air; and saw, at the same hour, the Arab prostrate24 himself and pray, and the Jew Rabbi, bending over his book, and worshipping the Maker of Turk and Jew. Sitting at home in London, and writing this last line of farewell, those figures come back the clearest of all to the memory, with the picture, too, of our ship sailing over the peaceful Sabbath sea, and our own prayers and services celebrated there. So each, in his fashion, and after his kind, is bowing down, and adoring the Father, who is equally above all. Cavil351 not, you brother or sister, if your neighbour’s voice is not like yours; only hope that his words are honest (as far as they may be), and his heart humble and thankful.
The End
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ply
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| v.(搬运工等)等候顾客，弯曲 | |
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tugged
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| v.用力拉，使劲拉，猛扯( tug的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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prospect
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| n.前景，前途；景色，视野 | |
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fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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plunged
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| v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降 | |
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brawny
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fowl
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| n.家禽，鸡，禽肉 | |
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8
fowls
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| 鸟( fowl的名词复数 )； 禽肉； 既不是这； 非驴非马 | |
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9
swarms
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| 蜂群，一大群( swarm的名词复数 ) | |
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10
rustic
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| adj.乡村的，有乡村特色的；n.乡下人，乡巴佬 | |
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11
bazaars
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| （东方国家的）市场( bazaar的名词复数 )； 义卖； 义卖市场； （出售花哨商品等的）小商品市场 | |
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12
bazaar
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| n.集市，商店集中区 | |
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13
bartering
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| v.作物物交换，以货换货( barter的现在分词 ) | |
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14
abrupt
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| adj.突然的，意外的；唐突的，鲁莽的 | |
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abruptly
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| adv.突然地，出其不意地 | |
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16
sinuous
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| adj.蜿蜒的，迂回的 | |
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17
Saturn
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| n.农神，土星 | |
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18
deposed
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| v.罢免( depose的过去式和过去分词 )；（在法庭上）宣誓作证 | |
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19
awe
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| n.敬畏，惊惧；vt.使敬畏，使惊惧 | |
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20
subsiding
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| v.（土地）下陷（因在地下采矿）( subside的现在分词 )；减弱；下降至较低或正常水平；一下子坐在椅子等上 | |
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21
streak
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| n.条理，斑纹，倾向，少许，痕迹；v.加条纹，变成条纹，奔驰，快速移动 | |
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22
behold
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| v.看，注视，看到 | |
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23
prostrated
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| v.使俯伏，使拜倒( prostrate的过去式和过去分词 )；（指疾病、天气等）使某人无能为力 | |
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24
prostrate
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| v.拜倒，平卧，衰竭；adj.拜倒的，平卧的，衰竭的 | |
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25
eastward
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| adv.向东；adj.向东的；n.东方，东部 | |
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26
maker
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| n.制造者，制造商 | |
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27
gilt
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| adj.镀金的；n.金边证券 | |
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28
illuminated
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| adj.被照明的；受启迪的 | |
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29
rosy
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| adj.美好的，乐观的，玫瑰色的 | |
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30
edifices
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| n.大建筑物( edifice的名词复数 ) | |
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31
scramble
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| v.爬行，攀爬，杂乱蔓延，碎片，片段，废料 | |
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32
victuals
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| n.食物；食品 | |
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33
marvels
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| n.奇迹( marvel的名词复数 )；令人惊奇的事物（或事例）；不平凡的成果；成就v.惊奇，对…感到惊奇( marvel的第三人称单数 ) | |
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34
pall
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| v.覆盖，使平淡无味；n.柩衣，棺罩；棺材；帷幕 | |
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35
sneering
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| 嘲笑的，轻蔑的 | |
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36
withered
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| adj. 枯萎的，干瘪的，（人身体的部分器官）因病萎缩的或未发育良好的 动词wither的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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37
veneration
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| n.尊敬，崇拜 | |
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38
awaken
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| vi.醒，觉醒；vt.唤醒，使觉醒，唤起，激起 | |
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39
Oxford
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| n.牛津（英国城市） | |
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40
attentive
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| adj.注意的，专心的；关心(别人)的，殷勤的 | |
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41
propriety
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| n.正当行为；正当；适当 | |
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42
quay
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| n.码头，靠岸处 | |
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43
bustle
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| v.喧扰地忙乱，匆忙，奔忙；n.忙碌；喧闹 | |
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44
villas
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| 别墅，公馆( villa的名词复数 )； （城郊）住宅 | |
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45
swarming
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| 密集( swarm的现在分词 )； 云集； 成群地移动； 蜜蜂或其他飞行昆虫成群地飞来飞去 | |
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46
slovenly
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| adj.懒散的，不整齐的，邋遢的 | |
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47
invaluable
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| adj.无价的，非常宝贵的，极为贵重的 | |
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48
pony
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| adj.小型的；n.小马 | |
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49
picturesque
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| adj.美丽如画的，（语言）生动的，绘声绘色的 | |
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50
Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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51
animated
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| adj.生气勃勃的，活跃的，愉快的 | |
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52
besieged
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| 包围，围困，围攻( besiege的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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53
tawny
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| adj.茶色的，黄褐色的；n.黄褐色 | |
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54
bustling
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| adj.喧闹的 | |
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55
crimson
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| n./adj.深(绯)红色(的)；vi.脸变绯红色 | |
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56
copper
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| n.铜；铜币；铜器；adj.铜(制)的；(紫)铜色的 | |
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57
prodigiously
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| adv.异常地，惊人地，巨大地 | |
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58
prodigious
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| adj.惊人的，奇妙的；异常的；巨大的；庞大的 | |
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59
lieutenant
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| n.陆军中尉，海军上尉；代理官员，副职官员 | |
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60
civilians
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| 平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓 | |
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61
tract
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| n.传单，小册子，大片(土地或森林) | |
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62
volatile
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| adj.反复无常的，挥发性的，稍纵即逝的，脾气火爆的；n.挥发性物质 | |
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63
heed
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| v.注意，留意；n.注意，留心 | |
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64
plentiful
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| adj.富裕的，丰富的 | |
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65
backwards
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| adv.往回地，向原处，倒，相反，前后倒置地 | |
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66
massacre
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| n.残杀，大屠杀；v.残杀，集体屠杀 | |
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67
canopy
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| n.天篷，遮篷 | |
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68
miscreant
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| n.恶棍 | |
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69
trumpeting
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| 大声说出或宣告（trumpet的现在分词形式） | |
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70
descends
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| v.下来( descend的第三人称单数 )；下去；下降；下斜 | |
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71
mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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72
humbugs
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| 欺骗( humbug的名词复数 )； 虚伪； 骗子； 薄荷硬糖 | |
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73
strictly
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|
| adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地 | |
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74
perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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75
manliness
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| 刚毅 | |
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76
prosper
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| v.成功，兴隆，昌盛；使成功，使昌隆，繁荣 | |
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77
lurch
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| n.突然向前或旁边倒；v.蹒跚而行 | |
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78
ragged
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| adj.衣衫褴褛的，粗糙的，刺耳的 | |
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79
trophies
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| n.（为竞赛获胜者颁发的）奖品( trophy的名词复数 )；奖杯；（尤指狩猎或战争中获得的）纪念品；（用于比赛或赛跑名称）奖 | |
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80
citadel
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| n.城堡；堡垒；避难所 | |
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81
ascended
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| v.上升，攀登( ascend的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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82
minaret
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| n.（回教寺院的）尖塔 | |
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83
minarets
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| n.（清真寺旁由报告祈祷时刻的人使用的）光塔( minaret的名词复数 ) | |
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84
mosques
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| 清真寺； 伊斯兰教寺院，清真寺； 清真寺，伊斯兰教寺院( mosque的名词复数 ) | |
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85
mosque
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| n.清真寺 | |
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86
arsenal
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| n.兵工厂，军械库 | |
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87
corps
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| n.(通信等兵种的)部队；(同类作的)一组 | |
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88
immediate
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|
| adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的 | |
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89
leisurely
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| adj.悠闲的；从容的，慢慢的 | |
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90
alabaster
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| adj.雪白的；n.雪花石膏；条纹大理石 | |
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91
tinge
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| vt.(较淡)着色于，染色；使带有…气息；n.淡淡色彩，些微的气息 | |
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92
ornament
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| v.装饰，美化；n.装饰，装饰物 | |
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93
ornaments
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| n.装饰( ornament的名词复数 )；点缀；装饰品；首饰v.装饰，点缀，美化( ornament的第三人称单数 ) | |
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94
domes
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| n.圆屋顶( dome的名词复数 )；像圆屋顶一样的东西；圆顶体育场 | |
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95
arabesque
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| n.阿拉伯式花饰；adj.阿拉伯式图案的 | |
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96
gem
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| n.宝石，珠宝；受爱戴的人 [同]jewel | |
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97
sublimely
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| 高尚地，卓越地 | |
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98
sublime
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| adj.崇高的，伟大的；极度的，不顾后果的 | |
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99
ambrosial
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| adj.美味的 | |
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100
spires
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| n.（教堂的） 塔尖，尖顶( spire的名词复数 ) | |
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101
tickle
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| v.搔痒，胳肢；使高兴；发痒；n.搔痒，发痒 | |
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102
slippers
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| n. 拖鞋 | |
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103
specimens
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| n.样品( specimen的名词复数 )；范例；（化验的）抽样；某种类型的人 | |
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104
simplicity
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| n.简单，简易；朴素；直率，单纯 | |
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105
dismal
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| adj.阴沉的，凄凉的，令人忧郁的，差劲的 | |
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106
creed
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| n.信条；信念，纲领 | |
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107
chapels
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| n.小教堂， （医院、监狱等的）附属礼拜堂( chapel的名词复数 )；（在小教堂和附属礼拜堂举行的）礼拜仪式 | |
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108
degenerated
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| 衰退，堕落，退化( degenerate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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109
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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110
annually
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| adv.一年一次，每年 | |
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111
pious
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| adj.虔诚的；道貌岸然的 | |
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112
peregrination
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| n.游历，旅行 | |
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113
scanty
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| adj.缺乏的，仅有的，节省的，狭小的，不够的 | |
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114
wields
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| 手持着使用（武器、工具等）( wield的第三人称单数 )； 具有； 运用（权力）； 施加（影响） | |
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115
scowling
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| 怒视，生气地皱眉( scowl的现在分词 ) | |
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116
savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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117
levied
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| 征（兵）( levy的过去式和过去分词 )； 索取； 发动（战争）； 征税 | |
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118
trampled
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| 踩( trample的过去式和过去分词 )； 践踏； 无视； 侵犯 | |
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119
coppers
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| 铜( copper的名词复数 )； 铜币 | |
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120
entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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121
ornamented
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| adj.花式字体的v.装饰，点缀，美化( ornament的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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122
scarlet
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| n.深红色，绯红色，红衣；adj.绯红色的 | |
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123
grotesque
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| adj.怪诞的，丑陋的；n.怪诞的图案，怪人（物） | |
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124
miserable
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| adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的 | |
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125
buffoon
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| n.演出时的丑角 | |
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126
questionable
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| adj.可疑的，有问题的 | |
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127
edifying
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| adj.有教训意味的，教训性的，有益的v.开导，启发( edify的现在分词 ) | |
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128
maligned
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| vt.污蔑，诽谤（malign的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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129
brutality
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| n.野蛮的行为，残忍，野蛮 | |
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130
humbly
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| adv. 恭顺地，谦卑地 | |
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131
aesthetics
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| n.(尤指艺术方面之)美学，审美学 | |
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132
brutes
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| 兽( brute的名词复数 )； 畜生； 残酷无情的人； 兽性 | |
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133
rascal
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| n.流氓；不诚实的人 | |
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134
pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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135
spouted
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| adj.装有嘴的v.（指液体）喷出( spout的过去式和过去分词 )；滔滔不绝地讲；喋喋不休地说；喷水 | |
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136
spout
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| v.喷出，涌出；滔滔不绝地讲；n.喷管；水柱 | |
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137
brawling
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| n.争吵，喧嚷 | |
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138
rigid
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| adj.严格的，死板的；刚硬的，僵硬的 | |
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139
applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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140
apprehended
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| 逮捕，拘押( apprehend的过去式和过去分词 )； 理解 | |
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141
frantically
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| ad.发狂地, 发疯地 | |
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142
writhing
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| （因极度痛苦而）扭动或翻滚( writhe的现在分词 ) | |
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143
daunted
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| 使（某人）气馁，威吓( daunt的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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144
inevitable
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| adj.不可避免的，必然发生的 | |
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145
regiment
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| n.团，多数，管理；v.组织，编成团，统制 | |
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146
lust
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| n.性(淫)欲；渴(欲)望；vi.对…有强烈的欲望 | |
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147
spouting
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| n.水落管系统v.（指液体）喷出( spout的现在分词 )；滔滔不绝地讲；喋喋不休地说；喷水 | |
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148
smear
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| v.涂抹；诽谤，玷污；n.污点；诽谤，污蔑 | |
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149
favourable
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| adj.赞成的，称赞的，有利的，良好的，顺利的 | |
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150
afflicted
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| 使受痛苦，折磨( afflict的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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151
standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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152
fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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153
rascally
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| adj. 无赖的，恶棍的 adv. 无赖地，卑鄙地 | |
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154
considerably
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| adv.极大地；相当大地；在很大程度上 | |
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155
ridge
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| n.山脊；鼻梁；分水岭 | |
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156
algebra
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| n.代数学 | |
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157
besought
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| v.恳求，乞求（某事物）( beseech的过去式和过去分词 )；(beseech的过去式与过去分词) | |
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158
discourse
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| n.论文，演说；谈话；话语；vi.讲述，著述 | |
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159
clemency
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| n.温和，仁慈，宽厚 | |
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160
pester
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| v.纠缠，强求 | |
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161
bawl
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| v.大喊大叫，大声地喊，咆哮 | |
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162
bawled
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| v.大叫，大喊( bawl的过去式和过去分词 )；放声大哭；大声叫出；叫卖（货物） | |
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163
proceeding
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| n.行动，进行，(pl.)会议录，学报 | |
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164
entreat
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| v.恳求，恳请 | |
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165
prodigal
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|
| adj.浪费的，挥霍的，放荡的 | |
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166
interfere
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| v.(in)干涉，干预；(with)妨碍，打扰 | |
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167
snarls
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| n.（动物的）龇牙低吼( snarl的名词复数 )；愤怒叫嚷（声）；咆哮（声）；疼痛叫声v.（指狗）吠，嗥叫， （人）咆哮( snarl的第三人称单数 )；咆哮着说，厉声地说 | |
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168
facetious
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|
| adj.轻浮的，好开玩笑的 | |
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169
anecdote
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| n.轶事，趣闻，短故事 | |
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170
treasury
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| n.宝库；国库，金库；文库 | |
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171
quota
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| n.（生产、进出口等的）配额，（移民的）限额 | |
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172
taxation
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| n.征税，税收，税金 | |
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173
levy
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| n.征收税或其他款项，征收额 | |
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174
rapacious
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| adj.贪婪的，强夺的 | |
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175
melancholy
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|
| n.忧郁，愁思；adj.令人感伤（沮丧）的，忧郁的 | |
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176
bides
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| v.等待，停留( bide的第三人称单数 )；居住；（过去式用bided）等待；面临 | |
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177
supremely
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|
| adv.无上地，崇高地 | |
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178
confiscation
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| n. 没收, 充公, 征收 | |
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179
hood
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| n.头巾，兜帽，覆盖；v.罩上，以头巾覆盖 | |
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180
accusations
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| n.指责( accusation的名词复数 )；指控；控告；（被告发、控告的）罪名 | |
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181
reprieve
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|
| n.暂缓执行（死刑）；v.缓期执行；给…带来缓解 | |
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182
misery
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| n.痛苦，苦恼，苦难；悲惨的境遇，贫苦 | |
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183
benevolent
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| adj.仁慈的，乐善好施的 | |
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184
yearns
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| 渴望，切盼，向往( yearn的第三人称单数 ) | |
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185
miseries
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| n.痛苦( misery的名词复数 )；痛苦的事；穷困；常发牢骚的人 | |
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186
maize
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| n.玉米 | |
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187
barley
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| n.大麦，大麦粒 | |
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188
alleviation
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| n. 减轻，缓和，解痛物 | |
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189
sincerity
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| n.真诚，诚意；真实 | |
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190
dispelled
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| v.驱散，赶跑( dispel的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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191
adroitly
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| adv.熟练地，敏捷地 | |
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192
proffered
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| v.提供，贡献，提出( proffer的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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193
subscribe
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| vi.(to)订阅，订购；同意；vt.捐助，赞助 | |
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194
inaccessible
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| adj.达不到的，难接近的 | |
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195
humble
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|
| adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低 | |
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196
denuded
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| adj.[医]变光的，裸露的v.使赤裸( denude的过去式和过去分词 )；剥光覆盖物 | |
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197
subscribed
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| v.捐助( subscribe的过去式和过去分词 )；签署，题词；订阅；同意 | |
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198
bestowed
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| 赠给，授予( bestow的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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199
acting
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| n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的 | |
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200
admiration
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| n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕 | |
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201
apprehending
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| 逮捕，拘押( apprehend的现在分词 )； 理解 | |
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202
rupture
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| n.破裂；(关系的)决裂；v.(使)破裂 | |
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203
morale
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| n.道德准则，士气，斗志 | |
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204
promotion
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| n.提升，晋级；促销，宣传 | |
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205
eloquently
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| adv. 雄辩地(有口才地, 富于表情地) | |
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206
complexion
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| n.肤色；情况，局面；气质，性格 | |
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207
bluff
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| v.虚张声势，用假象骗人；n.虚张声势，欺骗 | |
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208
jovial
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| adj.快乐的，好交际的 | |
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209
proprietor
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| n.所有人；业主；经营者 | |
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210
countenance
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| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
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211
shrill
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| adj.尖声的；刺耳的；v尖叫 | |
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212
enveloped
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| v.包围，笼罩，包住( envelop的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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213
amplitude
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| n.广大；充足；振幅 | |
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214
ogled
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| v.（向…）抛媚眼，送秋波( ogle的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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215
awfully
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| adv.可怕地，非常地，极端地 | |
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216
indignity
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| n.侮辱，伤害尊严，轻蔑 | |
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217
lackey
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| n.侍从；跟班 | |
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218
mare
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| n.母马，母驴 | |
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219
insolent
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| adj.傲慢的，无理的 | |
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220
slashes
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| n.（用刀等）砍( slash的名词复数 )；（长而窄的）伤口；斜杠；撒尿v.挥砍( slash的第三人称单数 )；鞭打；割破；削减 | |
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221
delightful
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| adj.令人高兴的，使人快乐的 | |
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222
picturesqueness
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223
celebrated
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| adj.有名的，声誉卓著的 | |
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224
delightfully
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| 大喜，欣然 | |
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225
desolate
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| adj.荒凉的，荒芜的；孤独的，凄凉的；v.使荒芜，使孤寂 | |
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226
huddled
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| 挤在一起（huddle的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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227
sinister
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| adj.不吉利的，凶恶的，左边的 | |
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228
sketch
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| n.草图；梗概；素描；v.素描；概述 | |
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229
incarnate
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| adj.化身的，人体化的，肉色的 | |
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230
rascality
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| 流氓性，流氓集团 | |
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231
depict
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| vt.描画，描绘；描写，描述 | |
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232
disinterestedness
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233
abominably
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| adv. 可恶地，可恨地，恶劣地 | |
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234
hideous
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| adj.丑陋的，可憎的，可怕的，恐怖的 | |
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235
dealer
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| n.商人，贩子 | |
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236
shuddering
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| v.战栗( shudder的现在分词 )；发抖；（机器、车辆等）突然震动；颤动 | |
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237
modesty
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| n.谦逊，虚心，端庄，稳重，羞怯，朴素 | |
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238
filthy
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| adj.卑劣的；恶劣的，肮脏的 | |
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239
kindly
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| adj.和蔼的，温和的，爽快的；adv.温和地，亲切地 | |
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240
fatten
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| v.使肥，变肥 | |
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241
recollect
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| v.回忆，想起，记起，忆起，记得 | |
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242
likeness
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| n.相像，相似（之处） | |
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243
conjectures
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| 推测，猜想( conjecture的名词复数 ) | |
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244
thither
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| adv.向那里；adj.在那边的，对岸的 | |
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245
trotted
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| 小跑，急走( trot的过去分词 )； 匆匆忙忙地走 | |
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246
gallantly
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| adv. 漂亮地，勇敢地，献殷勤地 | |
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247
mounds
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| 土堆，土丘( mound的名词复数 )； 一大堆 | |
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248
dreary
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| adj.令人沮丧的，沉闷的，单调乏味的 | |
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249
perilous
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| adj.危险的，冒险的 | |
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250
cravats
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| n.（系在衬衫衣领里面的）男式围巾( cravat的名词复数 ) | |
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251
civilisation
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| n.文明，文化，开化，教化 | |
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252
situated
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| adj.坐落在...的，处于某种境地的 | |
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253
alley
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| n.小巷，胡同；小径，小路 | |
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254
cavalcade
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| n.车队等的行列 | |
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255
salute
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| vi.行礼，致意，问候，放礼炮；vt.向…致意，迎接，赞扬；n.招呼，敬礼，礼炮 | |
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256
imposing
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| adj.使人难忘的，壮丽的，堂皇的，雄伟的 | |
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257
chambers
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| n.房间( chamber的名词复数 )；（议会的）议院；卧室；会议厅 | |
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258
confided
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| v.吐露（秘密，心事等）( confide的过去式和过去分词 )；（向某人）吐露（隐私、秘密等） | |
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259
ogling
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| v.（向…）抛媚眼，送秋波( ogle的现在分词 ) | |
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260
hopping
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| n. 跳跃 动词hop的现在分词形式 | |
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261
crumbs
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| int. (表示惊讶)哎呀 n. 碎屑 名词crumb的复数形式 | |
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262
arabesques
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| n.阿拉伯式花饰( arabesque的名词复数 )；错综图饰；阿拉伯图案；阿拉贝斯克芭蕾舞姿（独脚站立，手前伸，另一脚一手向后伸） | |
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263
divan
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| n.长沙发；（波斯或其他东方诗人的）诗集 | |
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264
brass
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| n.黄铜；黄铜器，铜管乐器 | |
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265
affected
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| adj.不自然的，假装的 | |
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266
undoubtedly
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| adv.确实地，无疑地 | |
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267
lodged
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| v.存放( lodge的过去式和过去分词 )；暂住；埋入；（权利、权威等）归属 | |
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268
garnished
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| v.给（上餐桌的食物）加装饰( garnish的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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269
embroidered
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| adj．绣花的 | |
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270
mansion
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| n.大厦，大楼；宅第 | |
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271
dingier
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| adj.暗淡的，乏味的( dingy的比较级 )；肮脏的 | |
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272
niche
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| n.壁龛；合适的职务(环境、位置等) | |
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273
sumptuously
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| 奢侈地，豪华地 | |
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274
exquisite
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| adj.精美的；敏锐的；剧烈的，感觉强烈的 | |
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275
tinged
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| v.（使）发丁丁声( ting的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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276
shuffled
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| v.洗（纸牌）( shuffle的过去式和过去分词 )；拖着脚步走；粗心地做；摆脱尘世的烦恼 | |
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277
languor
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| n.无精力，倦怠 | |
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278
thigh
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| n.大腿；股骨 | |
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279
cuisine
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| n.烹调，烹饪法 | |
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280
piquant
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| adj.辛辣的，开胃的，令人兴奋的 | |
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281
ruby
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| n.红宝石，红宝石色 | |
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282
flicked
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| （尤指用手指或手快速地）轻击( flick的过去式和过去分词 )； （用…）轻挥； （快速地）按开关； 向…笑了一下（或瞥了一眼等） | |
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283
porous
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| adj.可渗透的，多孔的 | |
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284
bass
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| n.男低音(歌手)；低音乐器；低音大提琴 | |
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285
draughts
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| n. <英>国际跳棋 | |
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286
foaming
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| adj.布满泡沫的；发泡 | |
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287
flasks
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| n.瓶，长颈瓶， 烧瓶( flask的名词复数 ) | |
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288
ascertained
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| v.弄清，确定，查明( ascertain的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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289
corks
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| n.脐梅衣；软木( cork的名词复数 )；软木塞 | |
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290
landmarks
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| n.陆标( landmark的名词复数 )；目标；（标志重要阶段的）里程碑 ~ (in sth)；有历史意义的建筑物（或遗址） | |
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291
crooked
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| adj.弯曲的；不诚实的，狡猾的，不正当的 | |
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292
odious
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| adj.可憎的，讨厌的 | |
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293
hazy
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| adj.有薄雾的，朦胧的；不肯定的，模糊的 | |
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294
starched
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| adj.浆硬的，硬挺的，拘泥刻板的v.把（衣服、床单等）浆一浆( starch的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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295
picketed
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| 用尖桩围住（picket的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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296
solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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297
jug
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| n.(有柄，小口，可盛水等的)大壶，罐，盂 | |
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298
squatting
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| v.像动物一样蹲下( squat的现在分词 )；非法擅自占用（土地或房屋）；为获得其所有权；而占用某片公共用地。 | |
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299
winding
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| n.绕，缠，绕组，线圈 | |
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300
mingled
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| 混合，混入( mingle的过去式和过去分词 )； 混进，与…交往[联系] | |
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301
sonnets
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| n.十四行诗( sonnet的名词复数 ) | |
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302
conjure
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| v.恳求，祈求；变魔术，变戏法 | |
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303
incessant
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| adj.不停的，连续的 | |
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304
incessantly
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| ad.不停地 | |
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305
bent
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| n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的 | |
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306
brace
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| n. 支柱,曲柄,大括号; v. 绷紧,顶住,(为困难或坏事)做准备 | |
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307
eschewing
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| v.（尤指为道德或实际理由而）习惯性避开，回避( eschew的现在分词 ) | |
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308
bawling
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| v.大叫，大喊( bawl的现在分词 )；放声大哭；大声叫出；叫卖（货物） | |
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309
devious
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| adj.不坦率的，狡猾的；迂回的，曲折的 | |
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310
hovering
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| 鸟( hover的现在分词 )； 靠近（某事物）； （人）徘徊； 犹豫 | |
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311
strings
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| n.弦 | |
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312
pending
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| prep.直到，等待…期间；adj.待定的；迫近的 | |
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313
overflow
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| v.(使)外溢，(使)溢出；溢出，流出，漫出 | |
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314
overflowing
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| n. 溢出物,溢流 adj. 充沛的，充满的 动词overflow的现在分词形式 | |
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315
hunches
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| 预感，直觉( hunch的名词复数 ) | |
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316
treacherous
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| adj.不可靠的，有暗藏的危险的；adj.背叛的，背信弃义的 | |
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317
abounded
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| v.大量存在，充满，富于( abound的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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318
bullying
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| v.恐吓，威逼( bully的现在分词 )；豪；跋扈 | |
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319
farce
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| n.闹剧，笑剧，滑稽戏；胡闹 | |
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320
paltry
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| adj.无价值的，微不足道的 | |
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321
bellowing
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| v.发出吼叫声，咆哮（尤指因痛苦）( bellow的现在分词 )；（愤怒地）说出（某事），大叫 | |
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322
reptiles
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| n.爬行动物，爬虫( reptile的名词复数 ) | |
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323
upwards
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| adv.向上，在更高处...以上 | |
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324
swell
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| vi.膨胀，肿胀；增长，增强 | |
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325
cavalry
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| n.骑兵；轻装甲部队 | |
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326
puffing
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| v.使喷出( puff的现在分词 )；喷着汽（或烟）移动；吹嘘；吹捧 | |
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327
zigzag
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| n.曲折，之字形；adj.曲折的，锯齿形的；adv.曲折地，成锯齿形地；vt.使曲折；vi.曲折前行 | |
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328
importunity
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| n.硬要，强求 | |
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329
annoyance
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| n.恼怒，生气，烦恼 | |
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330
pounce
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| n.猛扑；v.猛扑，突然袭击，欣然同意 | |
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331
conspire
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| v.密谋，（事件等）巧合，共同导致 | |
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332
impelling
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| adj.迫使性的，强有力的v.推动、推进或敦促某人做某事( impel的现在分词 ) | |
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333
ascent
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| n.(声望或地位)提高；上升，升高；登高 | |
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334
meditations
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| 默想( meditation的名词复数 )； 默念； 沉思； 冥想 | |
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335
shrieking
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| v.尖叫( shriek的现在分词 ) | |
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336
rapture
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| n.狂喜；全神贯注；着迷；v.使狂喜 | |
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337
quill
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| n.羽毛管；v.给（织物或衣服）作皱褶 | |
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338
hisses
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| 嘶嘶声( hiss的名词复数 ) | |
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339
relish
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| n.滋味，享受，爱好，调味品；vt.加调味料，享受，品味；vi.有滋味 | |
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340
interval
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| n.间隔，间距；幕间休息，中场休息 | |
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341
lasting
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| adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持 | |
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342
annoyances
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| n.恼怒( annoyance的名词复数 )；烦恼；打扰；使人烦恼的事 | |
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343
remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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344
convalescence
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| n.病后康复期 | |
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345
soothing
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| adj.慰藉的；使人宽心的；镇静的 | |
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346
vividly
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| adv.清楚地，鲜明地，生动地 | |
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347
artillery
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| n.(军)火炮，大炮；炮兵(部队) | |
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348
twilight
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| n.暮光，黄昏；暮年，晚期，衰落时期 | |
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349
stony
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| adj.石头的，多石头的，冷酷的，无情的 | |
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350
tolled
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| 鸣钟（toll的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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351
cavil
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| v.挑毛病，吹毛求疵 | |
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