Neither is Desdemona to be altogether condemned5 for the unsuitableness of the person whom she selected for her lover. Bating that Othello was black, the noble Moor wanted nothing which might recommend him to the affections of the greatest lady. He was a soldier, and a brave one; and by his conduct in bloody6 wars against the Turks, had risen to the rank of general in the Venetian service, and was esteemed8 and trusted by the state.
He had been a traveller, and Desdemona (as is the manner of ladies) loved to hear him tell the story of his adventures, which he would run through from his earliest recollection; the battles, sieges, and encounters, which he had passed through; the perils9 he had been exposed to by land and by water; his hair-breadth escapes, when he had entered a breach10, or marched up to the mouth of a cannon11; and how he had been taken prisoner by the insolent12 enemy, and sold to slavery; how he demeaned himself in that state, and how he escaped: all these accounts, added to the narration13 of the strange things he had seen in foreign countries, the vast wilderness14 and romantic caverns15, the quarries16, the rocks and mountains, whose heads are in the clouds; of the savage17 nations, the cannibals who are man-eaters, and a race of people in Africa whose heads do grow beneath their shoulders: these travellers’ stories would so enchain the attention of Desdemona, that if she were called off at any time by household affairs, she would despatch18 with all haste that business, and return, and with a greedy ear devour19 Othello’s discourse20. And once he took advantage of a pliant21 hour, and drew from her a prayer, that he would tell her the whole story of his life at large, of which she had heard so much, but only by parts: to which he consented, and beguiled22 her of many a tear, when he spoke23 of some distressful24 stroke which his youth had suffered.
His story being done, she gave him for his pains a world of sighs: she swore a pretty oath, that it was all passing strange, and pitiful, wondrous25 pitiful: she wished (she said) she had not heard it, yet she wished that heaven had made her such a man; and then she thanked him, and told him, if he had a friend who loved her, he had only to teach him how to tell his story, and that would woo her. Upon this hint, delivered not with more frankness than modesty26, accompanied with certain bewitching prettiness, and blushes, which Othello could not but understand, he spoke more openly of his love, and in this golden opportunity gained the consent of the generous Lady Desdemona privately27 to marry him.
Neither Othello’s colour nor his fortune were such that it could be hoped Brabantio would accept him for a son-in-law. He had left his daughter free; but he did expect that, as the manner of noble Venetian ladies was, she would choose ere long a husband of senatorial rank or expectations; but in this he was deceived; Desdemona loved the Moor, though he was black, and devoted28 her heart and fortunes to his valiant29 parts and qualities; so was her heart subdued30 to an implicit31 devotion to the man she had selected for a husband, that his very colour, which to all but this discerning lady would have proved an insurmountable objection, was by her esteemed above all the white skins and clear complexions32 of the young Venetian nobility, her suitors.
Their marriage, which, though privately carried, could not long be kept a secret, came to the ears of the old man, Brabantio, who appeared in a solemn council of the senate, as an accuser of the Moor Othello, who by spells and witchcraft33 (he maintained) had seduced34 the affections of the fair Desdemona to marry him, without the consent of her father, and against the obligations of hospitality.
At this juncture35 of time it happened that the state of Venice had immediate36 need of the services of Othello, news having arrived that the Turks with mighty38 preparation had fitted out a fleet, which was bending its course to the island of Cyprus, with intent to regain39 that strong post from the Venetians, who then held it; in this emergency the state turned its eyes upon Othello, who alone was deemed adequate to conduct the defence of Cyprus against the Turks. So that Othello, now summoned before the senate, stood in their presence at once as a candidate for a great state employment, and as a culprit, charged with offences which by the laws of Venice were made capital.
The age and senatorial character of old Brabantio, commanded a most patient hearing from that grave assembly; but the incensed40 father conducted his accusation41 with so much intemperance42, producing likelihoods and allegations for proofs, that, when Othello was called upon for his defence, he had only to relate a plain tale of the course of his love; which he did with such an artless eloquence43, recounting the whole story of his wooing, as we have related it above, and delivered his speech with so noble a plainness (the evidence of truth), that the duke, who sat as chief judge, could not help confessing that a tale so told would have won his daughter too: and the spells and conjurations which Othello had used in his courtship, plainly appeared to have been no more than the honest arts of men in love; and the only witchcraft which he had used, the faculty44 of telling a soft tale to win a lady’s ear.
This statement of Othello was confirmed by the testimony45 of the Lady Desdemona herself, who appeared in court, and professing46 a duty to her father for life and education, challenged leave of him to profess47 a yet higher duty to her lord and husband, even so much as her mother had shown in preferring him (Brabantio) above her father.
The old senator, unable to maintain his plea, called the Moor to him with many expressions of sorrow, and, as an act of necessity, bestowed48 upon him his daughter, whom, if he had been free to withhold49 her (he told him), he would with all his heart have kept from him; adding, that he was glad at soul that he had no other child, for this behaviour of Desdemona would have taught him to be a tyrant50, and hang clogs51 on them for her desertion.
This difficulty being got over, Othello, to whom custom had rendered the hardships of a military life as natural as food and rest are to other men, readily undertook the management of the wars in Cyprus: and Desdemona, preferring the honour of her lord (though with danger) before the indulgence of those idle delights in which new-married people usually waste their time, cheerfully consented to his going.
No sooner were Othello and his lady landed in Cyprus, than news arrived, that a desperate tempest had dispersed52 the Turkish fleet, and thus the island was secure from any immediate apprehension53 of an attack. But the war, which Othello was to suffer, was now beginning; and the enemies, which malice54 stirred up against his innocent lady, proved in their nature more deadly than strangers or infidels.
Among all the general’s friends no one possessed55 the confidence of Othello more entirely56 than Cassio. Michael Cassio was a young soldier, a Florentine, gay, amorous57, and of pleasing address, favourite qualities with women; he was handsome and eloquent58, and exactly such a person as might alarm the jealousy59 of a man advanced in years (as Othello in some measure was), who had married a young and beautiful wife; but Othello was as free from jealousy as he was noble, and as incapable60 of suspecting as of doing a base action. He had employed this Cassio in his love affair with Desdemona, and Cassio had been a sort of go-between in his suit: for Othello, fearing that himself had not those soft parts of conversation which please ladies, and finding these qualities in his friend, would often depute Cassio to go (as he phrased it) a courting for him: such innocent simplicity61 being rather an honour than a blemish62 to the character of the valiant Moor. So that no wonder, if next to Othello himself (but at far distance, as beseems a virtuous wife) the gentle Desdemona loved and trusted Cassio. Nor had the marriage of this couple made any difference in their behaviour to Michael Cassio. He frequented their house, and his free and rattling63 talk was no unpleasing variety to Othello, who was himself of a more serious temper: for such tempers are observed often to delight in their contraries, as a relief from the oppressive excess of their own: and Desdemona and Cassio would talk and laugh together, as in the days when he went a courting for his friend.
Othello had lately promoted Cassio to be the lieutenant64, a place of trust, and nearest to the general’s person. This promotion65 gave great offence to Iago, an older officer who thought he had a better claim than Cassio, and would often ridicule66 Cassio as a fellow fit only for the company of ladies, and one that knew no more of the art of war or how to set an army in array for battle, than a girl. Iago hated Cassio, and he hated Othello, as well for favouring Cassio, as for an unjust suspicion, which he had lightly taken up against Othello, that the Moor was too fond of Iago’s wife Emilia. From these imaginary provocations68, the plotting mind of Iago conceived a horrid69 scheme of revenge, which should involve both Cassio, the Moor, and Desdemona, in one common ruin.
Iago was artful, and had studied human nature deeply, and he knew that of all the torments70 which afflict71 the mind of man (and far beyond bodily torture), the pains of jealousy were the most intolerable, and had the sorest sting. If he could succeed in making Othello jealous of Cassio, he thought it would be an exquisite72 plot of revenge, and might end in the death of Cassio or Othello, or both; he cared not.
The arrival of the general and his lady, in Cyprus, meeting with the news of the dispersion of the enemy’s fleet, made a sort of holiday in the island. Everybody gave themselves up to feasting and making merry. Wine flowed in abundance, and cups went round to the health of the black Othello, and his lady the fair Desdemona.
Cassio had the direction of the guard that night, with a charge from Othello to keep the soldiers from excess in drinking, that no brawl73 might arise, to fright the inhabitants, or disgust them with the new-landed forces. That night Iago began his deep-laid plans of mischief74: under colour of loyalty75 and love to the general, he enticed76 Cassio to make rather too free with the bottle (a great fault in an officer upon guard). Cassio for a time resisted, but he could not long hold out against the honest freedom which Iago knew how to put on, but kept swallowing glass after glass (as Iago still plied77 him with drink and encouraging songs), and Cassio’s tongue ran over in praise of the Lady Desdemona, whom he again and again toasted, affirming that she was a most exquisite lady: until at last the enemy which he put into his mouth stole away his brains; and upon some provocation67 given him by a fellow whom Iago had set on, swords were drawn78, and Montano, a worthy79 officer, who interfered80 to appease81 the dispute, was wounded in the scuffle. The riot now began to be general, and Iago, who had set on foot the mischief, was foremost in spreading the alarm, causing the castle-bell to be rung (as if some dangerous mutiny instead of a slight drunken quarrel had arisen): the alarm-bell ringing awakened82 Othello, who, dressing83 in a hurry, and coming to the scene of action, questioned Cassio of the cause. Cassio was now come to himself, the effect of the wine having a little gone off, but was too much ashamed to reply; and Iago, pretending a great reluctance84 to accuse Cassio, but, as it were, forced into it by Othello, who insisted to know the truth, gave an account of the whole matter (leaving out his own share in it, which Cassio was too far gone to remember) in such a manner, as while he seemed to make Cassio’s offence less, did indeed make it appear greater than it was. The result was, that Othello, who was a strict observer of discipline, was compelled to take away Cassio’s place of lieutenant from him.
Thus did Iago’s first artifice85 succeed completely; he had now undermined his hated rival, and thrust him out of his place: but a further use was hereafter to be made of the adventure of this disastrous86 night.
Cassio, whom this misfortune had entirely sobered, now lamented87 to his seeming friend Iago that he should have been such a fool as to transform himself into a beast. He was undone88, for how could he ask the general for his place again? he would tell him he was a drunkard. He despised himself. Iago, affecting to make light of it, said, that he, or any man living, might be drunk upon occasion; it remained now to make the best of a bad bargain; the general’s wife was now the general, and could do anything with Othello; that he were best to apply to the Lady Desdemona to mediate37 for him with her lord; that she was of a frank, obliging disposition89, and would readily undertake a good office of this sort, and set Cassio right again in the general’s favour; and then this crack in their love would be made stronger than ever. A good advice of Iago, if it had not been given for wicked purposes, which will after appear.
Cassio did as Iago advised him, and made application to the Lady Desdemona, who was easy to be won over in any honest suit; and she promised Cassio that she should be his solicitor90 with her lord, and rather die than give up his cause. This she immediately set about in so earnest and pretty a manner, that Othello, who was mortally offended with Cassio, could not put her off. When he pleaded delay, and that it was too soon to pardon such an offender91, she would not be beat back, but insisted that it should be the next night, or the morning after, or the next morning to that at farthest. Then she showed how penitent92 and humbled93 poor Cassio was, and that his offence did not deserve so sharp a check. And when Othello still hung back, “What! my lord,” said she, “that I should have so much to do to plead for Cassio, Michael Cassio, that came a courting for you, and oftentimes, when I have spoken in dispraise of you, has taken your part! I count this but a little thing to ask of you. When I mean to try your love indeed, I shall ask a weighty matter.” Othello could deny nothing to such a pleader, and only requesting that Desdemona would leave the time to him, promised to receive Michael Cassio again in favour.
It happened that Othello and Iago had entered into the room where Desdemona was, just as Cassio, who had been imploring94 her intercession, was departing at the opposite door: and Iago, who was full of art, said in a low voice, as if to himself, “I like not that.” Othello took no great notice of what he said; indeed, the conference which immediately took place with his lady put it out of his head; but he remembered it afterwards. For when Desdemona was gone, Iago, as if for mere95 satisfaction of his thought, questioned Othello whether Michael Cassio, when Othello was courting his lady, knew of his love. To this the general answering in the affirmative, and adding, that he had gone between them very often during the courtship, Iago knitted his brow, as if he had got fresh light on some terrible matter, and cried, “Indeed!” This brought into Othello’s mind the words which Iago had let fall upon entering the room, and seeing Cassio with Desdemona; and he began to think there was some meaning in all this: for he deemed Iago to be a just man, and full of love and honesty, and what in a false knave96 would be tricks, in him seemed to be the natural workings of an honest mind, big with something too great for utterance97: and Othello prayed Iago to speak what he knew, and to give his worst thoughts words. “And what,” said Iago, “if some thoughts very vile98 should have intruded99 into my breast, as where is the palace into which foul100 things do not enter?” Then Iago went on to say, what a pity it were, if any trouble should arise to Othello out of his imperfect observations; that it would not be for Othello’s peace to know his thoughts; that people’s good names were not to be taken away for slight suspicions; and when Othello’s curiosity was raised almost to distraction101 with these hints and scattered102 words, Iago, as if in earnest care for Othello’s peace of mind, besought103 him to beware of jealousy: with such art did this villain104 raise suspicions in the unguarded Othello, by the very caution which he pretended to give him against suspicion. “I know,” said Othello, “that my wife is fair, loves company and feasting, is free of speech, sings, plays, and dances well: but where virtue105 is, these qualities are virtuous. I must have proof before I think her dishonest.” Then Iago, as if glad that Othello was slow to believe ill of his lady, frankly106 declared that he had no proof, but begged Othello to observe her behaviour well, when Cassio was by; not to be jealous nor too secure neither, for that he (Iago) knew the dispositions107 of the Italian ladies, his country-women, better than Othello could do; and that in Venice the wives let heaven see many pranks108 they dared not show their husbands. Then he artfully insinuated109 that Desdemona deceived her father in marrying with Othello, and carried it so closely, that the poor old man thought that witchcraft had been used. Othello was much moved with this argument, which brought the matter home to him, for if she had deceived her father, why might she not deceive her husband?
Iago begged pardon for having moved him; but Othello, assuming an indifference110, while he was really shaken with inward grief at Iago’s words, begged him to go on, which Iago did with many apologies, as if unwilling111 to produce anything against Cassio, whom he called his friend: he then came strongly to the point, and reminded Othello how Desdemona had refused many suitable matches of her own clime and complexion, and had married him, a Moor, which showed unnatural112 in her, and proved her to have a headstrong will; and when her better judgment113 returned, how probable it was she should fall upon comparing Othello with the fine forms and clear white complexions of the young Italians her countrymen. He concluded with advising Othello to put off his reconcilement with Cassio a little longer, and in the meanwhile to note with what earnestness Desdemona should intercede114 in his behalf; for that much would be seen in that. So mischievously115 did this artful villain lay his plots to turn the gentle qualities of this innocent lady into her destruction, and make a net for her out of her own goodness to entrap116 her: first setting Cassio on to entreat117 her mediation118, and then out of that very mediation contriving119 stratagems120 for her ruin.
The conference ended with Iago’s begging Othello to account his wife innocent, until he had more decisive proof; and Othello promised to be patient; but from that moment the deceived Othello never tasted content of mind. Poppy, nor the juice of mandragora, nor all the sleeping potions in the world, could ever again restore to him that sweet rest, which he had enjoyed but yesterday. His occupation sickened upon him. He no longer took delight in arms. His heart, that used to be roused at the sight of troops, and banners, and battle-array, and would stir and leap at the sound of a drum, or a trumpet121, or a neighing war-horse, seemed to have lost all that pride and ambition which are a soldier’s virtue; and his military ardour and all his old joys forsook122 him. Sometimes he thought his wife honest, and at times he thought her not so; sometimes he thought Iago just, and at times he thought him not so; then he would wish that he had never known of it; he was not the worse for her loving Cassio, so long as he knew it not: torn to pieces with these distracting thoughts, he once laid hold on Iago’s throat, and demanded proof of Desdemona’s guilt123, or threatened instant death for his having belied124 her. Iago, feigning125 indignation that his honesty should be taken for a vice7, asked Othello, if he had not sometimes seen a handkerchief spotted126 with strawberries in his wife’s hand. Othello answered, that he had given her such a one, and that it was his first gift. “That same handkerchief,” said Iago, “did I see Michael Cassio this day wipe his face with.” “If it be as you say,” said Othello, “I will not rest till a wide revenge swallow them up: and first, for a token of your fidelity127, I expect that Cassio shall be put to death within three days; and for that fair devil (meaning his lady), I will withdraw and devise some swift means of death for her.”
Trifles light as air are to the jealous proofs as strong as holy writ128. A handkerchief of his wife’s seen in Cassio’s hand, was motive129 enough to the deluded130 Othello to pass sentence of death upon them both, without once inquiring how Cassio came by it. Desdemona had never given such a present to Cassio, nor would this constant lady have wronged her lord with doing so naughty a thing as giving his presents to another man; both Cassio and Desdemona were innocent of any offence against Othello: but the wicked Iago, whose spirits never slept in contrivance of villany, had made his wife (a good, but a weak woman) steal this handkerchief from Desdemona, under pretence131 of getting the work copied, but in reality to drop it in Cassio’s way, where he might find it, and give a handle to Iago’s suggestion that it was Desdemona’s present.
Othello, soon after meeting his wife, pretended that he had a headache (as he might indeed with truth), and desired her to lend him her handkerchief to hold to his temples. She did so. “Not this,” said Othello, “but that handkerchief I gave you.” Desdemona had it not about her (for indeed it was stolen, as we have related). “How?” said Othello, “this is a fault indeed. That handkerchief an Egyptian woman gave to my mother; the woman was a witch and could read people’s thoughts: she told my mother, while she kept it, it would make her amiable132, and my father would love her; but, if she lost it, or gave it away, my father’s fancy would turn, and he would loathe133 her as much as he had loved her. She dying gave it to me, and bade me, if I ever married, to give it to my wife. I did so; take heed134 of it. Make it a darling as precious as your eye.” “Is it possible?” said the frighted lady. “’Tis true,” continued Othello; “it is a magical handkerchief; a sibyl that had lived in the world two hundred years, in a fit of prophetic fury worked it; the silkworms that furnished the silk were hallowed, and it was dyed in a mummy of maidens’ hearts conserved135.” Desdemona, hearing the wondrous virtues136 of the handkerchief, was ready to die with fear, for she plainly perceived she had lost it, and with it, she feared, the affections of her husband. Then Othello started, and looked as if he were going to do some rash thing, and still he demanded the handkerchief, which when she could not produce, she tried to divert her husband from too serious thoughts, and cheerfully told him she saw all his talk about the handkerchief was only to put her off from her suit about Michael Cassio, whom she went on to praise (as Iago had foretold), till Othello in perfect distraction burst out of the room, and then Desdemona, though unwillingly137, began to suspect that her lord was jealous.
What cause she could have ministered to him she knew not, and then she accused herself for accusing the noble Othello, and thought to be sure that some untoward138 news from Venice, or some state troubles had puddled his spirits, and made his temper not so sweet as formerly139. And she said, “Men are not gods, and we must not look for that observance from them when they are married, which they show us on the bridal day.” And she beshrewed herself for so unkindly judging of his unkindness.
Again Othello and Desdemona met, and he accused her more plainly of being unfaithful, and of loving another man, but he did not name whom: and Othello wept, and Desdemona said, “Alas! the heavy day! why do you weep?” And Othello told her, he could have borne all sorts of evils with fortitude140 — poverty, and disease, and disgrace; but her infidelity had broken his heart: and he called her a weed, that looked so fair, and smelled so sweet, that the sense ached at it; and wished she had never been born. And when he had left her, this innocent lady was so stupefied with wonder at her lord’s untrue suspicion of her, that a weight-like sleep came over her, and she only desired her attendant to make her bed, and to lay her wedding-sheets upon it, saying, that when people teach their babes, they do it by gentle means and easy tasks, and Othello might have chid141 her so; for in good faith she was but a child when she was chidden. And this was all the complaint which this gentle lady made.
Desdemona being retired142 to bed expecting her lord would follow her, soon fell into a slumber143, the effect of her troubled spirits, when Othello entered the chamber144, full of the black purpose which he had meditated145 of putting his lady to death. But when he saw her asleep, he thought he would not shed her blood, nor scar that white skin of hers, more white than alabaster146. But he was resolved she should die; else (as he said) she would live to betray more men, as she had done him. Then he kissed her for the last time (as he said), and that kiss was so sweet, that he must needs kiss her again: and he wept, but he said they were cruel tears.
Desdemona was awakened with his kisses, and she looked upon Othello, and she saw him gnaw147 his under lip, and roll his eyes, and she knew he was always fatal when he looked so: and he bade her prepare for death, and to say her prayers, for he would not kill her soul. And this innocent wife, as she lay at his mercy, begged for compassion148, and to know her fault, and then he named Cassio, and the handkerchief which (he said) she had given him; and as the guiltless lady was proceeding149 to clear herself he suddenly would hear no more, but covering her up in the bed-clothes, stifled150 her till she died.
In this instant of time was brought into the house Cassio, wounded and bleeding, whom Iago had set one of his creatures on to assassinate151; but the fellow not succeeding in his attempt to kill Cassio (whom he wounded, but not mortally,) and being himself killed by Iago to prevent discovery, in his pockets were found certain letters, which made the guilt of Iago, and the innocence152 of Cassio, clear beyond all doubt; and Cassio now came to beg pardon of Othello, and to ask wherein he had offended him, that he had employed Iago to murder him.
This discovery was as a thunderstroke to Othello, who now plainly saw that he was no better than a murderer, and that his wife (poor innocent lady) had been ever faithful to him; the extreme anguish153 of which discovery making life insupportable, he fell upon his sword, and throwing himself upon the body of his dear injured lady, expired.
These rash acts raised much passion of horror and amazement154 in the bystanders, for Othello had borne a fair reputation, and till he was wrought155 upon by the arts of a villain, which his own noble nature never gave him leave to suspect, he was a loving and a doting156 husband. He had loved not wisely, but too well; and his manly157 eyes (when he learned his mistake), though not used to weep on every small occasion, dropped tears
as fast as the Arabian trees their gum. And when he
was dead all his former merits and his valiant acts
were remembered. Nothing now remained for
his successor but to put the utmost censure158
of the law in force against Iago, who
was executed with strict tortures;
and to send word to the
state of Venice of the
lamentable159 death of
their renowned160
general.
was dead all his former merits and his valiant acts
were remembered. Nothing now remained for
his successor but to put the utmost censure158
of the law in force against Iago, who
was executed with strict tortures;
and to send word to the
state of Venice of the
lamentable159 death of
their renowned160
general.
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1
divers
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| adj.不同的；种种的 | |
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virtuous
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| adj.有品德的，善良的，贞洁的，有效力的 | |
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complexion
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| n.肤色；情况，局面；气质，性格 | |
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moor
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| n.荒野，沼泽；vt.(使)停泊；vi.停泊 | |
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5
condemned
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| adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词 | |
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6
bloody
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| adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染 | |
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vice
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| n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的 | |
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esteemed
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| adj.受人尊敬的v.尊敬( esteem的过去式和过去分词 )；敬重；认为；以为 | |
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perils
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| 极大危险( peril的名词复数 )； 危险的事（或环境） | |
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10
breach
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| n.违反，不履行；破裂；vt.冲破，攻破 | |
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cannon
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| n.大炮，火炮；飞机上的机关炮 | |
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insolent
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| adj.傲慢的，无理的 | |
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13
narration
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| n.讲述，叙述；故事；记叙体 | |
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wilderness
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| n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠 | |
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caverns
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| 大山洞，大洞穴( cavern的名词复数 ) | |
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quarries
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| n.（采）石场( quarry的名词复数 )；猎物（指鸟，兽等）；方形石；（格窗等的）方形玻璃v.从采石场采得( quarry的第三人称单数 )；从（书本等中）努力发掘（资料等）；在采石场采石 | |
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savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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despatch
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| n./v.(dispatch)派遣；发送；n.急件；新闻报道 | |
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devour
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| v.吞没；贪婪地注视或谛听，贪读；使着迷 | |
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discourse
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| n.论文，演说；谈话；话语；vi.讲述，著述 | |
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21
pliant
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| adj.顺从的；可弯曲的 | |
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22
beguiled
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| v.欺骗( beguile的过去式和过去分词 )；使陶醉；使高兴；消磨（时间等） | |
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23
spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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distressful
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| adj.苦难重重的，不幸的，使苦恼的 | |
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25
wondrous
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| adj.令人惊奇的，奇妙的；adv.惊人地；异乎寻常地；令人惊叹地 | |
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26
modesty
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| n.谦逊，虚心，端庄，稳重，羞怯，朴素 | |
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privately
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| adv.以私人的身份，悄悄地，私下地 | |
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devoted
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| adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的 | |
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valiant
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| adj.勇敢的，英勇的；n.勇士，勇敢的人 | |
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30
subdued
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| adj. 屈服的，柔和的，减弱的 动词subdue的过去式和过去分词 | |
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31
implicit
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| a.暗示的，含蓄的，不明晰的，绝对的 | |
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32
complexions
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| 肤色( complexion的名词复数 )； 面色； 局面； 性质 | |
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33
witchcraft
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| n.魔法，巫术 | |
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34
seduced
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| 诱奸( seduce的过去式和过去分词 )； 勾引； 诱使堕落； 使入迷 | |
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35
juncture
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| n.时刻，关键时刻，紧要关头 | |
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36
immediate
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| adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的 | |
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37
mediate
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| vi.调解，斡旋；vt.经调解解决；经斡旋促成 | |
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38
mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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39
regain
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| vt.重新获得，收复，恢复 | |
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40
incensed
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| 盛怒的 | |
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41
accusation
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| n.控告，指责，谴责 | |
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42
intemperance
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| n.放纵 | |
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43
eloquence
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| n.雄辩；口才，修辞 | |
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44
faculty
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| n.才能；学院，系；(学院或系的)全体教学人员 | |
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45
testimony
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| n.证词；见证，证明 | |
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46
professing
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| 声称( profess的现在分词 )； 宣称； 公开表明； 信奉 | |
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47
profess
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| v.声称，冒称，以...为业，正式接受入教，表明信仰 | |
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48
bestowed
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| 赠给，授予( bestow的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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49
withhold
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| v.拒绝，不给；使停止，阻挡 | |
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50
tyrant
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| n.暴君，专制的君主，残暴的人 | |
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51
clogs
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| 木屐； 木底鞋，木屐( clog的名词复数 ) | |
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52
dispersed
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| adj. 被驱散的, 被分散的, 散布的 | |
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53
apprehension
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| n.理解，领悟；逮捕，拘捕；忧虑 | |
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54
malice
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| n.恶意，怨恨，蓄意；[律]预谋 | |
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55
possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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56
entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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57
amorous
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| adj.多情的；有关爱情的 | |
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58
eloquent
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| adj.雄辩的，口才流利的；明白显示出的 | |
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59
jealousy
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| n.妒忌，嫉妒，猜忌 | |
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60
incapable
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| adj.无能力的，不能做某事的 | |
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61
simplicity
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| n.简单，简易；朴素；直率，单纯 | |
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62
blemish
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| v.损害；玷污；瑕疵，缺点 | |
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63
rattling
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| adj. 格格作响的, 活泼的, 很好的 adv. 极其, 很, 非常 动词rattle的现在分词 | |
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64
lieutenant
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| n.陆军中尉，海军上尉；代理官员，副职官员 | |
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65
promotion
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| n.提升，晋级；促销，宣传 | |
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66
ridicule
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| v.讥讽，挖苦；n.嘲弄 | |
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67
provocation
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| n.激怒，刺激，挑拨，挑衅的事物，激怒的原因 | |
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68
provocations
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| n.挑衅( provocation的名词复数 )；激怒；刺激；愤怒的原因 | |
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69
horrid
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| adj.可怕的；令人惊恐的；恐怖的；极讨厌的 | |
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70
torments
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| （肉体或精神上的）折磨，痛苦( torment的名词复数 )； 造成痛苦的事物[人] | |
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71
afflict
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| vt.使身体或精神受痛苦，折磨 | |
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72
exquisite
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| adj.精美的；敏锐的；剧烈的，感觉强烈的 | |
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73
brawl
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| n.大声争吵，喧嚷；v.吵架，对骂 | |
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74
mischief
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| n.损害，伤害，危害；恶作剧，捣蛋，胡闹 | |
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75
loyalty
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| n.忠诚，忠心 | |
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76
enticed
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| 诱惑，怂恿( entice的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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77
plied
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| v.使用（工具）( ply的过去式和过去分词 )；经常供应（食物、饮料）；固定往来；经营生意 | |
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78
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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79
worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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80
interfered
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| v.干预( interfere的过去式和过去分词 )；调停；妨碍；干涉 | |
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81
appease
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| v.安抚，缓和，平息，满足 | |
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82
awakened
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| v.（使）醒( awaken的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）觉醒；弄醒；（使）意识到 | |
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83
dressing
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| n.(食物)调料；包扎伤口的用品，敷料 | |
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84
reluctance
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| n.厌恶，讨厌，勉强，不情愿 | |
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85
artifice
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| n.妙计，高明的手段；狡诈，诡计 | |
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86
disastrous
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| adj.灾难性的，造成灾害的；极坏的，很糟的 | |
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87
lamented
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| adj.被哀悼的，令人遗憾的v.（为…）哀悼，痛哭，悲伤( lament的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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88
undone
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| a.未做完的，未完成的 | |
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89
disposition
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| n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署 | |
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90
solicitor
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| n.初级律师，事务律师 | |
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91
offender
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| n.冒犯者，违反者，犯罪者 | |
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92
penitent
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| adj.后悔的；n.后悔者；忏悔者 | |
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93
humbled
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| adj. 卑下的，谦逊的，粗陋的 vt. 使 ... 卑下，贬低 | |
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94
imploring
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| 恳求的，哀求的 | |
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95
mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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96
knave
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| n.流氓；（纸牌中的）杰克 | |
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97
utterance
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| n.用言语表达，话语，言语 | |
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98
vile
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| adj.卑鄙的，可耻的，邪恶的；坏透的 | |
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99
intruded
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| n.侵入的，推进的v.侵入，侵扰，打扰( intrude的过去式和过去分词 )；把…强加于 | |
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100
foul
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| adj.污秽的；邪恶的；v.弄脏；妨害；犯规；n.犯规 | |
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101
distraction
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| n.精神涣散，精神不集中，消遣，娱乐 | |
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102
scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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103
besought
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| v.恳求，乞求（某事物）( beseech的过去式和过去分词 )；(beseech的过去式与过去分词) | |
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104
villain
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| n.反派演员，反面人物；恶棍；问题的起因 | |
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105
virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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106
frankly
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| adv.坦白地，直率地；坦率地说 | |
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107
dispositions
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| 安排( disposition的名词复数 )； 倾向； （财产、金钱的）处置； 气质 | |
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108
pranks
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| n.玩笑，恶作剧( prank的名词复数 ) | |
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109
insinuated
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| v.暗示( insinuate的过去式和过去分词 )；巧妙或迂回地潜入；（使）缓慢进入；慢慢伸入 | |
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110
indifference
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| n.不感兴趣，不关心，冷淡，不在乎 | |
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111
unwilling
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| adj.不情愿的 | |
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112
unnatural
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| adj.不自然的；反常的 | |
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113
judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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114
intercede
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| vi.仲裁，说情 | |
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115
mischievously
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| adv.有害地；淘气地 | |
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116
entrap
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| v.以网或陷阱捕捉，使陷入圈套 | |
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117
entreat
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| v.恳求，恳请 | |
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118
mediation
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| n.调解 | |
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119
contriving
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| （不顾困难地）促成某事( contrive的现在分词 )； 巧妙地策划，精巧地制造（如机器）； 设法做到 | |
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120
stratagems
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| n.诡计，计谋( stratagem的名词复数 )；花招 | |
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121
trumpet
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| n.喇叭，喇叭声；v.吹喇叭，吹嘘 | |
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122
forsook
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| forsake的过去式 | |
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123
guilt
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| n.犯罪；内疚；过失，罪责 | |
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124
belied
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| v.掩饰( belie的过去式和过去分词 )；证明（或显示）…为虚假；辜负；就…扯谎 | |
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125
feigning
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| 假装，伪装( feign的现在分词 )； 捏造（借口、理由等） | |
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126
spotted
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| adj.有斑点的，斑纹的，弄污了的 | |
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127
fidelity
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| n.忠诚，忠实；精确 | |
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128
writ
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| n.命令状，书面命令 | |
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129
motive
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| n.动机，目的；adv.发动的，运动的 | |
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130
deluded
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| v.欺骗，哄骗( delude的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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131
pretence
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| n.假装，作假；借口，口实；虚伪；虚饰 | |
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132
amiable
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| adj.和蔼可亲的，友善的，亲切的 | |
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133
loathe
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| v.厌恶，嫌恶 | |
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134
heed
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| v.注意，留意；n.注意，留心 | |
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135
conserved
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| v.保护，保藏，保存( conserve的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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136
virtues
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| 美德( virtue的名词复数 )； 德行； 优点； 长处 | |
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137
unwillingly
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| adv.不情愿地 | |
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138
untoward
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| adj.不利的，不幸的，困难重重的 | |
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139
formerly
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| adv.从前，以前 | |
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140
fortitude
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| n.坚忍不拔；刚毅 | |
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141
chid
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| v.责骂，责备( chide的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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142
retired
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| adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的 | |
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143
slumber
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| n.睡眠，沉睡状态 | |
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144
chamber
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| n.房间，寝室；会议厅；议院；会所 | |
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145
meditated
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| 深思，沉思，冥想( meditate的过去式和过去分词 )； 内心策划，考虑 | |
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146
alabaster
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| adj.雪白的；n.雪花石膏；条纹大理石 | |
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147
gnaw
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| v.不断地啃、咬；使苦恼，折磨 | |
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148
compassion
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| n.同情，怜悯 | |
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149
proceeding
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| n.行动，进行，(pl.)会议录，学报 | |
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150
stifled
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| （使）窒息， （使）窒闷( stifle的过去式和过去分词 )； 镇压，遏制； 堵 | |
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151
assassinate
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| vt.暗杀，行刺，中伤 | |
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152
innocence
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| n.无罪；天真；无害 | |
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153
anguish
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| n.(尤指心灵上的)极度痛苦，烦恼 | |
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154
amazement
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| n.惊奇，惊讶 | |
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155
wrought
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| v.引起；以…原料制作；运转；adj.制造的 | |
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156
doting
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| adj.溺爱的，宠爱的 | |
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157
manly
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| adj.有男子气概的；adv.男子般地，果断地 | |
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158
censure
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| v./n.责备；非难；责难 | |
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159
lamentable
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| adj.令人惋惜的，悔恨的 | |
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160
renowned
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| adj.著名的，有名望的，声誉鹊起的 | |
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