Educated in the enervating1 style recommended by the writers on whom I have been animadverting; and not having a chance, from their subordinate state in society, to recover their lost ground, is it surprising that women every where appear a defect in nature? Is it surprising, when we consider what a determinate effect an early association of ideas has on the character, that they neglect their understandings, and turn all their attention to their persons?
The great advantages which naturally result from storing the mind with knowledge, are obvious from the following considerations. The association of our ideas is either habitual2 or instantaneous; and the latter mode seems rather to depend on the original temperature of the mind than on the will. When the ideas, and matters of fact, are once taken in, they lie by for use, till some fortuitous circumstance makes the information dart3 into the mind with illustrative force, that has been received at very different periods of our lives. Like the lightning’s flash are many recollections; one idea assimilating and explaining another, with astonishing rapidity. I do not now allude6 to that quick perception of truth, which is so intuitive that it baffles research, and makes us at a loss to determine whether it is reminiscence or ratiocination7, lost sight of in its celerity, that opens the dark cloud. Over those instantaneous associations we have little power; for when the mind is once enlarged by excursive flights, or profound reflection, the raw materials will, in some degree, arrange themselves. The understanding, it is true, may keep us from going out of drawing when we group our thoughts, or transcribe8 from the imagination the warm sketches9 of fancy; but the animal spirits, the individual character, give the colouring. Over this subtile electric fluid,48 how little power do we possess, and over it how little power can reason obtain! These fine intractable spirits appear to be the essence of genius, and beaming in its eagle eye, produce in the most eminent10 degree the happy energy of associating thoughts that surprise, delight, and instruct. These are the glowing minds that concentrate pictures for their fellow-creatures; forcing them to view with interest the objects reflected from the impassioned imagination, which they passed over in nature.
48 I have sometimes, when inclined to laugh at materialists, asked whether, as the most powerful effects in nature are apparently11 produced by fluids, the magnetic, &c. the passions might not be fine volatile12 fluids that embraced humanity, keeping the more refractory13 elementary parts together — or whether they were simply a liquid fire that pervaded14 the more sluggish15 materials, giving them life and heat?
I must be allowed to explain myself. The generality of people cannot see or feel poetically16, they want fancy, and therefore fly from solitude17 in search of sensible objects; but when an author lends them his eyes they can see as he saw, and be amused by images they could not select, though lying before them.
Education thus only supplies the man of genius with knowledge to give variety and contrast to his associations; but there is an habitual association of ideas, that grows ‘with our growth,’ which has a great effect on the moral character of mankind; and by which a turn is given to the mind that commonly remains18 throughout life. So ductile19 is the understanding, and yet so stubborn, that the associations which depend on adventitious20 circumstances, during the period that the body takes to arrive at maturity21, can seldom be disentangled by reason. One idea calls up another, its old associate, and memory, faithful to the first impressions, particularly when the intellectual powers are not employed to cool our sensations, retraces23 them with mechanical exactness.
This habitual slavery, to first impressions, has a more baneful24 effect on the female than the male character, because business and other dry employments of the understanding, tend to deaden the feelings and break associations that do violence to reason. But females, who are made women of when they are mere25 children, and brought back to childhood when they ought to leave the go-cart forever, have not sufficient strength of mind to efface26 the superinductions of art that have smothered27 nature.
Every thing that they see or hear serves to fix impressions, call forth28 emotions, and associate ideas, that give a sexual character to the mind. False notions of beauty and delicacy29 stop the growth of their limbs and produce a sickly soreness, rather than delicacy of organs; and thus weakened by being employed in unfolding instead of examining the first associations, forced on them by every surrounding object, how can they attain30 the vigour31 necessary to enable them to throw off their factitious character? — where find strength to recur32 to reason and rise superiour to a system of oppression, that blasts the fair promises of spring? This cruel association of ideas, which every thing conspires33 to twist into all their habits of thinking, or, to speak with more precision, of feeling, receives new force when they begin to act a little for themselves; for they then perceive that it is only through their address to excite emotions in men, that pleasure and power are to be obtained. Besides, the books professedly written for their instruction, which make the first impression on their minds, all inculcate the same opinions. Educated then in worse than Egyptian bondage34, it is unreasonable35, as well as cruel, to upbraid36 them with faults that can scarcely be avoided, unless a degree of native vigour be supposed, that falls to the lot of very few amongst mankind.
For instance, the severest sarcasms37 have been levelled against the sex, and they have been ridiculed38 for repeating ‘a set of phrases learnt by rote39,’ when nothing could be more natural, considering the education they receive, and that their ‘highest praise is to obey, unargued’— the will of man. If they be not allowed to have reason sufficient to govern their own conduct — why, all they learn — must be learned by rote! And when all their ingenuity40 is called forth to adjust their dress, ‘a passion for a scarlet41 coat,’ is so natural, that it never surprised me; and, allowing Pope’s summary of their character to be just, ‘that every woman is at heart a rake,’ why should they be bitterly censured42 for seeking a congenial mind, and preferring a rake to a man of sense?
Rakes know how to work on their sensibility, whilst the modest merit of reasonable men has, of course, less effect on their feelings, and they cannot reach the heart by the way of the understanding, because they have few sentiments in common.
It seems a little absurd to expect women to be more reasonable than men in their likings, and still to deny them the uncontrouled use of reason. When do men fall-in-love with sense? When do they, with their superiour powers and advantages, turn from the person to the mind? And how can they then expect women, who are only taught to observe behaviour, and acquire manners rather than morals, to despise what they have been all their lives labouring to attain? Where are they suddenly to find judgment43 enough to weigh patiently the sense of an awkward virtuous44 man, when his manners, of which they are made critical judges, are rebuffing, and his conversation cold and dull, because it does not consist of pretty repartees, or well turned compliments? In order to admire or esteem45 any thing for a continuance, we must, at least, have our curiosity excited by knowing, in some degree, what we admire; for we are unable to estimate the value of qualities and virtues46 above our comprehension. Such a respect, when it is felt, may be very sublime48; and the confused consciousness of humility49 may render the dependent creature an interesting object, in some points of view; but human love must have grosser ingredients; and the person very naturally will come in for its share — and, an ample share it mostly has!
Love is, in a great degree, an arbitrary passion, and will reign50, like some other stalking mischiefs51, by its own authority, without deigning52 to reason; and it may also be easily distinguished53 from esteem, the foundation of friendship, because it is often excited by evanescent beauties and graces, though, to give an energy to the sentiment, something more solid must deepen their impression and set the imagination to work, to make the most fair — the first good.
Common passions are excited by common qualities. — Men look for beauty and the simper of good-humoured docility54: women are captivated by easy manners; a gentleman-like man seldom fails to please them, and their thirsty ears eagerly drink the insinuating55 nothings of politeness, whilst they turn from the unintelligible56 sounds of the charmer — reason, charm he never so wisely. With respect to superficial accomplishments57, the rake certainly has the advantage; and of these females can form an opinion, for it is their own ground. Rendered gay and giddy by the whole tenor58 of their lives, the very aspect of wisdom, or the severe graces of virtue47, must have a lugubrious59 appearance to them; and produce a kind of restraint from which they and love, sportive child, naturally revolt. Without taste, excepting of the lighter60 kind, for taste is the offspring of judgment, how can they discover that true beauty and grace must arise from the play of the mind? and how can they be expected to relish61 in a lover what they do not, or very imperfectly, possess themselves? The sympathy that unites hearts, and invites to confidence, in them is so very faint, that it cannot take fire, and thus mount to passion. No, I repeat it, the love cherished by such minds, must have grosser fewel!
The inference is obvious; till women are led to exercise their understandings, they should not be satirized62 for their attachment63 to rakes; or even for being rakes at heart, when it appears to be the inevitable64 consequence of their education. They who live to please — must find their enjoyments65, their happiness, in pleasure! It is a trite67, yet true remark, that we never do any thing well, unless we love it for its own sake.
Supposing, however, for a moment, that women were, in some future revolution of time, to become, what I sincerely wish them to be, even love would acquire more serious dignity, and be purified in its own fires; and virtue giving true delicacy to their affections, they would turn with disgust from a rake. Reasoning then, as well as feeling, the only province of woman, at present, they might easily guard against exteriour graces, and quickly learn to despise the sensibility that had been excited and hackneyed in the ways of women, whose trade was vice69; and allurements70, wanton airs. They would recollect5 that the flame, one must use appropriated expressions, which they wished to light up, had been exhausted71 by lust4, and that the sated appetite, losing all relish for pure and simple pleasures, could only be roused by licentious72 arts or variety. What satisfaction could a woman of delicacy promise herself in a union with such a man, when the very artlessness of her affection might appear insipid73? Thus does Dryden describe the situation,
-’Where love is duty, on the female side,
‘On theirs mere sensual gust68, and sought with surly pride.’
But one grand truth women have yet to learn, though much it imports them to act accordingly. In the choice of a husband, they should not be led astray by the qualities of a lover — for a lover the husband, even supposing him to be wise and virtuous, cannot long remain.
Were women more rationally educated, could they take a more comprehensive view of things, they would be contented74 to love but once in their lives; and after marriage calmly let passion subside75 into friendship — into that tender intimacy76, which is the best refuge from care; yet is built on such pure, still affections, that idle jealousies77 would not be allowed to disturb the discharge of the sober duties of life, or to engross78 the thoughts that ought to be otherwise employed. This is a state in which many men live; but few, very few women. And the difference may easily be accounted for, without recurring79 to a sexual character. Men, for whom we are told women were made, have too much occupied the thoughts of women; and this association has so entangled22 love with all their motives80 of action; and, to harp81 a little on an old string, having been solely82 employed either to prepare themselves to excite love, or actually putting their lessons in practice, they cannot live without love. But, when a sense of duty, or fear of shame, obliges them to restrain this pampered83 desire of pleasing beyond certain lengths, too far for delicacy, it is true, though far from criminality, they obstinately84 determine to love, I speak of the passion, their husbands to the end of the chapter — and then acting85 the part which they foolishly exacted from their lovers, they become abject86 wooers, and fond slaves.
Men of wit and fancy are often rakes; and fancy is the food of love. Such men will inspire passion. Half the sex, in its present infantine state, would pine for a Lovelace; a man so witty87, so graceful88, and so valiant89: and can they deserve blame for acting according to principles so constantly inculcated? They want a lover, and protector; and behold90 him kneeling before them — bravery prostrate91 to beauty! The virtues of a husband are thus thrown by love into the background, and gay hopes, or lively emotions, banish92 reflection till the day of reckoning comes; and come it surely will, to turn the sprightly93 lover into a surly suspicious tyrant94, who contemptuously insults the very weakness he fostered. Or, supposing the rake reformed, he cannot quickly get rid of old habits. When a man of abilities is first carried away by his passions, it is necessary that sentiment and taste varnish95 the enormities of vice, and give a zest96 to brutal97 indulgences; but when the gloss98 of novelty is worn off, and pleasure palls99 upon the sense, lasciviousness100 becomes barefaced101, and enjoyment66 only the desperate effort of weakness flying from reflection as from a legion of devils. Oh! virtue, thou art not an empty name! All that life can give — thou givest!
If much comfort cannot be expected from the friendship of a reformed rake of superiour abilities, what is the consequence when he lacketh sense, as well as principles? Verily misery102, in its most hideous103 shape. When the habits of weak people are consolidated104 by time, a reformation is barely possible; and actually makes the beings miserable105 who have not sufficient mind to be amused by innocent pleasure; like the tradesman who retires from the hurry of business, nature presents to them only a universal blank; and the restless thoughts prey106 on the damped spirits.49 Their reformation, as well as his retirement107, actually makes them wretched because it deprives them of all employment, by quenching108 the hopes and fears that set in motion their sluggish minds.
49 I have frequently seen this exemplified in women whose beauty could no longer be repaired. They have retired109 from the noisy scenes of dissipation; but, unless they became methodists, the solitude of the select society of their family connections or acquaintance, has presented only a fearful void; consequently, nervous complaints, and all the vapourish train of idleness, rendered them quite as useless, and far more unhappy, than when they joined the giddy throng110.
If such be the force of habit; if such be the bondage of folly111, how carefully ought we to guard the mind from storing up vicious associations; and equally careful should we be to cultivate the understanding, to save the poor wight from the weak dependent state of even harmless ignorance. For it is the right use of reason alone which makes us independent of every thing — excepting the unclouded Reason —‘Whose service is perfect freedom.’
点击
收听单词发音
收听单词发音 |
1
enervating
|
|
| v.使衰弱，使失去活力( enervate的现在分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
2
habitual
|
|
| adj.习惯性的；通常的，惯常的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
3
dart
|
|
| v.猛冲，投掷；n.飞镖，猛冲 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
4
lust
|
|
| n.性(淫)欲；渴(欲)望；vi.对…有强烈的欲望 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
5
recollect
|
|
| v.回忆，想起，记起，忆起，记得 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
6
allude
|
|
| v.提及，暗指 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
7
ratiocination
|
|
| n.推理；推断 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
8
transcribe
|
|
| v.抄写，誉写；改编(乐曲)；复制，转录 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
9
sketches
|
|
| n.草图( sketch的名词复数 )；素描；速写；梗概 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
10
eminent
|
|
| adj.显赫的，杰出的，有名的，优良的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
11
apparently
|
|
| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
12
volatile
|
|
| adj.反复无常的，挥发性的，稍纵即逝的，脾气火爆的；n.挥发性物质 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
13
refractory
|
|
| adj.倔强的，难驾驭的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
14
pervaded
|
|
| v.遍及，弥漫( pervade的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
15
sluggish
|
|
| adj.懒惰的，迟钝的，无精打采的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
16
poetically
|
|
| adv.有诗意地，用韵文 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
17
solitude
|
|
| n. 孤独; 独居,荒僻之地,幽静的地方 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
18
remains
|
|
| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
19
ductile
|
|
| adj.易延展的，柔软的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
20
adventitious
|
|
| adj.偶然的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
21
maturity
|
|
| n.成熟；完成；(支票、债券等)到期 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
22
entangled
|
|
| adj.卷入的；陷入的；被缠住的；缠在一起的v.使某人（某物/自己）缠绕，纠缠于（某物中），使某人（自己）陷入（困难或复杂的环境中）( entangle的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
23
retraces
|
|
| v.折回( retrace的第三人称单数 )；回忆；回顾；追溯 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
24
baneful
|
|
| adj.有害的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
25
mere
|
|
| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
26
efface
|
|
| v.擦掉，抹去 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
27
smothered
|
|
| （使）窒息， （使）透不过气( smother的过去式和过去分词 )； 覆盖； 忍住； 抑制 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
28
forth
|
|
| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
29
delicacy
|
|
| n.精致，细微，微妙，精良；美味，佳肴 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
30
attain
|
|
| vt.达到，获得，完成 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
31
vigour
|
|
| （=vigor）n.智力，体力，精力 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
32
recur
|
|
| vi.复发，重现，再发生 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
33
conspires
|
|
| 密谋( conspire的第三人称单数 )； 搞阴谋； （事件等）巧合； 共同导致 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
34
bondage
|
|
| n.奴役，束缚 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
35
unreasonable
|
|
| adj.不讲道理的，不合情理的，过度的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
36
upbraid
|
|
| v.斥责，责骂，责备 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
37
sarcasms
|
|
| n.讥讽，讽刺，挖苦( sarcasm的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
38
ridiculed
|
|
| v.嘲笑，嘲弄，奚落( ridicule的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
39
rote
|
|
| n.死记硬背，生搬硬套 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
40
ingenuity
|
|
| n.别出心裁；善于发明创造 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
41
scarlet
|
|
| n.深红色，绯红色，红衣；adj.绯红色的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
42
censured
|
|
| v.指责，非难，谴责( censure的过去式 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
43
judgment
|
|
| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
44
virtuous
|
|
| adj.有品德的，善良的，贞洁的，有效力的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
45
esteem
|
|
| n.尊敬，尊重；vt.尊重，敬重；把…看作 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
46
virtues
|
|
| 美德( virtue的名词复数 )； 德行； 优点； 长处 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
47
virtue
|
|
| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
48
sublime
|
|
| adj.崇高的，伟大的；极度的，不顾后果的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
49
humility
|
|
| n.谦逊，谦恭 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
50
reign
|
|
| n.统治时期，统治，支配，盛行；v.占优势 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
51
mischiefs
|
|
| 损害( mischief的名词复数 )； 危害； 胡闹； 调皮捣蛋的人 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
52
deigning
|
|
| v.屈尊，俯就( deign的现在分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
53
distinguished
|
|
| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
54
docility
|
|
| n.容易教，易驾驶，驯服 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
55
insinuating
|
|
| adj.曲意巴结的，暗示的v.暗示( insinuate的现在分词 )；巧妙或迂回地潜入；（使）缓慢进入；慢慢伸入 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
56
unintelligible
|
|
| adj.无法了解的，难解的，莫明其妙的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
57
accomplishments
|
|
| n.造诣；完成( accomplishment的名词复数 )；技能；成绩；成就 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
58
tenor
|
|
| n.男高音（歌手），次中音（乐器），要旨，大意 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
59
lugubrious
|
|
| adj.悲哀的，忧郁的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
60
lighter
|
|
| n.打火机，点火器；驳船；v.用驳船运送；light的比较级 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
61
relish
|
|
| n.滋味，享受，爱好，调味品；vt.加调味料，享受，品味；vi.有滋味 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
62
satirized
|
|
| v.讽刺，讥讽( satirize的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
63
attachment
|
|
| n.附属物，附件；依恋；依附 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
64
inevitable
|
|
| adj.不可避免的，必然发生的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
65
enjoyments
|
|
| 愉快( enjoyment的名词复数 )； 令人愉快的事物； 享有； 享受 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
66
enjoyment
|
|
| n.乐趣；享有；享用 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
67
trite
|
|
| adj.陈腐的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
68
gust
|
|
| n.阵风，突然一阵（雨、烟等），（感情的）迸发 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
69
vice
|
|
| n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
70
allurements
|
|
| n.诱惑( allurement的名词复数 )；吸引；诱惑物；有诱惑力的事物 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
71
exhausted
|
|
| adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
72
licentious
|
|
| adj.放纵的，淫乱的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
73
insipid
|
|
| adj.无味的，枯燥乏味的，单调的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
74
contented
|
|
| adj.满意的，安心的，知足的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
75
subside
|
|
| vi.平静，平息；下沉，塌陷，沉降 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
76
intimacy
|
|
| n.熟悉，亲密，密切关系，亲昵的言行 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
77
jealousies
|
|
| n.妒忌( jealousy的名词复数 )；妒羡 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
78
engross
|
|
| v.使全神贯注 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
79
recurring
|
|
| adj.往复的，再次发生的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
80
motives
|
|
| n.动机，目的( motive的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
81
harp
|
|
| n.竖琴；天琴座 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
82
solely
|
|
| adv.仅仅，唯一地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
83
pampered
|
|
| adj.饮食过量的，饮食奢侈的v.纵容，宠，娇养( pamper的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
84
obstinately
|
|
| ad.固执地，顽固地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
85
acting
|
|
| n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
86
abject
|
|
| adj.极可怜的，卑屈的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
87
witty
|
|
| adj.机智的，风趣的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
88
graceful
|
|
| adj.优美的，优雅的；得体的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
89
valiant
|
|
| adj.勇敢的，英勇的；n.勇士，勇敢的人 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
90
behold
|
|
| v.看，注视，看到 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
91
prostrate
|
|
| v.拜倒，平卧，衰竭；adj.拜倒的，平卧的，衰竭的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
92
banish
|
|
| vt.放逐，驱逐；消除，排除 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
93
sprightly
|
|
| adj.愉快的，活泼的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
94
tyrant
|
|
| n.暴君，专制的君主，残暴的人 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
95
varnish
|
|
| n.清漆；v.上清漆；粉饰 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
96
zest
|
|
| n.乐趣；滋味，风味；兴趣 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
97
brutal
|
|
| adj.残忍的，野蛮的，不讲理的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
98
gloss
|
|
| n.光泽，光滑；虚饰；注释；vt.加光泽于；掩饰 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
99
palls
|
|
| n.柩衣( pall的名词复数 )；墓衣；棺罩；深色或厚重的覆盖物v.（因过多或过久而）生厌，感到乏味，厌烦( pall的第三人称单数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
100
lasciviousness
|
|
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
|
101
barefaced
|
|
| adj.厚颜无耻的，公然的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
102
misery
|
|
| n.痛苦，苦恼，苦难；悲惨的境遇，贫苦 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
103
hideous
|
|
| adj.丑陋的，可憎的，可怕的，恐怖的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
104
consolidated
|
|
| a.联合的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
105
miserable
|
|
| adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
106
prey
|
|
| n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
107
retirement
|
|
| n.退休，退职 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
108
quenching
|
|
| 淬火，熄 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
109
retired
|
|
| adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
110
throng
|
|
| n.人群，群众；v.拥挤，群集 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
111
folly
|
|
| n.愚笨，愚蠢，蠢事，蠢行，傻话 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
| 欢迎访问英文小说网 |