Kidd’s crew was pressed at the Nore on the first of March, 1696. By one of the curious close coincidences of date which speak for themselves in this case more convincingly than any words can do, the Company on the following day addressed a petition to the Admiralty, praying to be allowed[107] to take the business of dealing13 with the pirates into their own hands. In this petition they urged that “Your Lordships will please to empower the petitioners14’ ships and officers to seize and take all pirates infesting15 those seas within the limits of the Company’s charter and likewise empower them to erect16 a Court of Admiralty in those parts.” This proposal except for a very excusable technical error contained in it, which if not corrected, would have enabled the Company, instead of the Admiralty, to create a Court of Admiralty, was not unreasonable17. It was referred by the Admiralty to their judge, Sir Charles Hedges, who promptly18 reported in the following terms on the steps necessary to carry it into effect: “That the more regular way will be for your Lordships to take a Commission under the Great Seal of England giving power to the Lord Admiral or Commissioners20 for executing the office of High Admiral to grant commissions to any of the Captains of the East[108] India Company’s ships for the taking of the ships of pirates, wherein it shall be expressed what parts or shares the King shall see fit to reserve to himself or bestow21 upon the Captors and Company.”
“That your Lordships may be pleased to erect a Vice-Admiralty at Bombay or any other place that shall be thought expedient22 in the same manner as is done in the West Indies, which being established by a commission in the ordinary form, that will be sufficient to empower such Vice-Admiralty there, to proceed against ships as fully12 as any Vice-Admiralty in England or the High Court of Admiralty can do.”
Why no action was taken on this proposal of the Company as modified by Sir Charles Hedges, is not clear. Possibly the Admiralty hesitated to hand over to the captains of the Company’s ships work which they thought more properly belonged to the King’s navy, and which when the French war was ended was very soon performed[109] by Captain Warren’s squadron. Possibly they felt a delicacy23 in doing anything that might diminish the great ministers’ chances of gain from Kidd’s adventure. What seems to have happened is that the Company’s petition was officially shelved for nearly four years, when Captain Warren having in the meanwhile been sent out with five men-of-war to suppress the pirates, it was referred to the committee of the House of Commons, who had then been appointed to consider further the large question of the state and condition of the trade of England, by whom, if considered at all, it would have to run the gauntlet of many implacable enemies of the Company, and in particular of certain ardent24 protectionists of that day who never missed an opportunity of holding forth25 on the injuries to which English industries were exposed by the importation by the Company of Indian silks, calicoes, and muslins.
Apart, however, from any question of[110] the probable success of Kidd’s expedition, or the desirability of giving the Company a free hand to deal themselves with the pirates, the terms of the grant of the spoil to the adventurers, with which the Company had evidently made themselves familiar, were calculated to place them in a very awkward position with the Great Mogul. What they had to protect themselves against, was a summary expulsion from his dominions26; and they must have realized that even if Kidd succeeded in catching27 his pirates, it would be a very unsatisfactory reply to the demands of that great potentate28 for the immediate29 restitution30 of the stolen properties, to assure him that the thieves had been carried to England, where it was to be hoped that some of them might in due course be convicted, and possibly hung; but that the stolen goods had in the meanwhile been appropriated by some of the King’s great ministers. It was not impossible that the next demand of the Great Mogul might be[111] that these great gentlemen together with such of the directors of the Company as had acquiesced31 in this arrangement should at once be handed over to him to be dealt with according to their deserts. It is not, therefore, surprising to find that on the twentieth of August in that year, whilst Kidd was still at New York trying to pick up his crew, the Company presented a further petition to the Lords Justices, praying that “such of the species of gold, silver and jewels as have already been or shall hereafter be seized in the custody32 of any of the pirates or any other persons who cannot make a legal title thereunto, may not be disposed of, but put into the possession of the Company, in order to be preserved for the use of the proprietors33 in India, that the Government may see that His Majesty34 as well as the Company have done their utmost endeavours to seize the said pirates and to make restitution to the persons injured so far as it is in their power.”
[112]
In taking this course the Company must have realized that it would be very distasteful to the King and his four great ministers, who were proposing themselves to appropriate the bulk of the spoil. But they also knew that these great men had placed themselves hopelessly in the wrong; and that there were plenty of their enemies in the House of Commons who would be only too eager to expose the scandal, when the time came for them to do so. This consideration seems to have had some weight with the Lords Justices, and prevented them from shelving this petition as unceremoniously as the Admiralty had done the former one. Anxious to appease35 the Company, and at the same time to safeguard the rights of the adventurers, they decided36 at a meeting at which the Duke of Shrewsbury, one of the adventurers, was present, to send a peremptory37 but guarded dispatch to the governors of all the American plantations38, requiring them “to take all possible care, and use all[113] due means for the seizing and apprehending39 all such pirates and sea robbers and such as may be reasonably suspected for the same, either by reason of the great quantities of gold and silver of foreign coins they usually have with them, or by other probable circumstances; and to cause them to be straightly imprisoned40, and their ships, goods, and plunder41 to be kept in safe custody; until upon returning to us a full account of the said persons, ships, goods and plunder, with the evidence relating to them, His Majesty’s pleasure shall be known and signified concerning them.” Amongst the signatories to this despatch42 the name of the Earl of Romney, another of the adventurers, appears.
As might have been expected, this dispatch produced little if any practical result. During the next two years the Company continued to receive repeated reports of the depredations43 of the pirates, and the excitement created thereby44 amongst the natives[114] of India, who had in some cases seized the Company’s factories and put the factors in irons. Meanwhile the absence of any news from Kidd had not unnaturally45 aroused the suspicions of the Company. Culliford, the captain of one of their own East Indiamen, the Moca Frigate46, had run away with their ship from Madras and joined the pirates; and it may have seemed to them by no means improbable that Kidd with his American crew had done the like. At length they received some vague intimation, confirming their suspicions; and in August, 1698, they informed the Lords Justices “that they had received some information from their factories in the East Indies that Kidd had committed several acts of piracy, particularly in seizing a Moors’ ship called the Quedagh Merchant.” As they produced no evidence from their informants at Kidd’s trial in support of these allegations, although they had ample time and opportunity for obtaining it during his two years’ imprisonment47, it is not[115] unfair to assume that the information which they received on this occasion was not such as they cared to submit to an English Court of Law. But such as it was, the Lords Justices did not hesitate to act at once upon it, and to assume without further inquiry48 not only that Kidd was guilty, but that he was already a notorious pirate. On the twenty-third of November, 1698, whilst Kidd was stranded50 at Madagascar, they sent the following circular to Rear Admiral Benbow, and the governor of every American Colony: “The Lords Justices having been informed by several advices from the East Indies of the notorious piracies51 committed by Captain Kidd, and of his having seized and plundered52 divers53 ships in those seas, as their Excellencies have given orders to the commander of the squadron fitted out for the East Indies that he use his utmost endeavours to pursue and seize the said Kidd, if he continue still in those parts, so likewise they have commanded me to signify their[116] directions to the respective governors of the Colonies under His Majesty’s obedience54 in America, that they give strict orders and take particular care for apprehending the said Kidd and his accomplices55, whenever he or they shall arrive in any of the said plantations, as likewise that they shall secure his ship and all the effects therein, it being Their Excellencies’ intention that right be done to those who have been injured and robbed by the said Kidd, and that he and his associates be prosecuted56 with the utmost rigour of the law. You are to be careful, therefore, to observe the said directions, and if the said Kidd or any of his accomplices be seized within the provinces under your government, you are forthwith to transmit an account thereof hitherto, and take care that the said persons, ships and effects be secured, till His Majesty’s pleasure is known concerning them.”
It would appear from the wording of this extraordinary and unjustifiable circular that[117] the great men, who had sent Kidd out, had by this time abandoned hope of getting any gain out of their adventure, and that their main desire now was to clear themselves of the suspicion that they were conniving57 at the alleged58 piracies of the distinguished59 officer, whom they had induced against his own misgivings60 to enter their service, and who now was steadfastly61 doing his best for them in the face of grievous difficulties at the other end of the world. It may well be that at this time they believed him to be guilty. It may even be that they continued in this belief when report after report came to hand of the piracies of other English seamen in the East, notwithstanding the marked absence in those reports of any mention whatever of Kidd or of the Adventure Galley62. Whether they continued to believe in his guilt49 after his own narrative63 had been made a Parliamentary paper, and he had been examined before the House of Commons on it, is a very different question. Neither they[118] nor the Company were represented at the trial, nor was any evidence then tendered on their behalf. It was their interest to make Kidd their scapegoat64; and the interest of the Company that some one, guilty or not, the higher in rank the better, should be publicly hung in infamy65, as a warning to mariners66 engaged in the Eastern piracy. It was nobody’s interest in England that Kidd should be acquitted67, unless as a condition for such acquittal he could be induced to make compromising revelations against his employers. And this, as will be seen, he resolutely68 refused to do in the face of strong temptation.
To return now to his relations with Bellamont, who though appointed Governor of New England as far back as June, 1695, had not apparently69 started for America until more than two years afterwards; and had profitably employed the interval70 in obtaining further favours from the government. Not contented71 with the pension of five hundred[119] pounds per annum which had apparently been given him on his dismissal by the late Queen, in 1693, from his post as her Receiver General, he seems to have succeeded in May, 1696, in obtaining a further grant of one thousand pounds a year out of the forfeited72 estates of Lord Kilmeare, and in March, 1697, to have been made colonel of a regiment73 of foot. In the following June it was announced that he would at last start to his government in the Deptford frigate, but he delayed his departure until October, by which time he had succeeded in extracting from the Treasury74 a further sop75 in the shape of “twelve thousand pounds, paid him in mault lottery76 tickets.”[11]
On the first of July, 1699, Kidd, as already mentioned, landed at Boston, relying on Bellamont’s word and honor, and assurance that he believed that the two French passes, which had been handed to him by Emmot, would justify77 the seizure78 of the two[120] prizes taken, and that he made no manner of doubt that he could obtain the King’s pardon for Kidd and for the few men left who had continued faithful. It is easy to understand the relief the old man must have felt in setting foot in a civilized79 country once more after all his troubles, with the knowledge that he had served his employers so well, and the expectation that he would now receive recognition and reward for all he had gone through on their behalf. Towards the end of his voyage his wife and family from New York had come on board, having been informed of his whereabouts by his old friend Emmot; and all of them were probably looking forward to a warm reception on their landing. If so, they were soon disillusionized. The Governor declined to see Kidd except in the most formal manner and in the presence of witnesses. The truth was that he had placed himself in a very awkward position with the home authorities by inducing the King’s ministers to embark80 in[121] this unlucky adventure, and that he and they had long since come to the conclusion that the safest course to take to exonerate81 themselves from the consequences was to make a scapegoat of Kidd. Bellamont had been playing a very double game, not only with Kidd, but also with his own council. His own admissions in his letters written to the authorities in England before the end of that month, leave no doubt on this point. His consignment82 of Kidd to gaol83 was a foregone conclusion; and the only difficulty he had to get over, and it was an insuperable one, was how to do this with some appearance of decency84. At the time when with specious85 promises he was persuading his victim to come to Boston, he was well aware that it was his duty to arrest him immediately on his landing there, in pursuance of specific instructions from England, which he had carefully concealed86 from his council. The letter to Kidd with all its assumed belief in Kidd’s innocence87, and his own solemn[122] assurances on his word and honour that he could obtain the King’s pardon for him and his men, was a trap laid for Kidd without the knowledge of his council, to whom he had submitted the letter for approval. His intention throughout had been to get hold of Kidd and send him to England, to be dealt with there in such manner as might be most convenient to the government. In his letters he has not only confessed this, but has even found it necessary to excuse himself to his superiors and give the reasons which he considered justified88 him in not arresting Kidd the moment he landed. “It will not be unwelcome news to your Lordships,” he writes, “that I secured Captain Kidd last Thursday in the gaol of this town. I thought myself secure against his running away, because I took care not to give him the slightest umbrage89 of my design of seizing him. Nor had I, until the day I produced my orders from the Court to arrest Kidd, communicated them to anybody. But[123] I found it necessary to produce my orders to my Council to animate90 them to join heartily91 in securing Kidd. Another reason why I took him not up sooner, was that he had brought his wife and family hither on the sloop92 with him who (sic) I believed” (poor wretch93!) “he would not readily forsake94.” At the same time whilst thus excusing himself for not arresting Kidd more promptly, Bellamont seems to have felt that some explanation was called for to justify his arresting him at all. “Your Lordships may observe,” he writes, and it requires a very microscopical95 scrutiny96 of his hypocritical letter to observe it, “that the promise made Kidd in my letter of a kind reception, and promising the King’s pardon for him, was conditional97, that is, provided that he was as innocent as he pretended to be. But I quickly found sufficient cause to suspect him to be very guilty by the many lies and contradictions he told me.” What these lies and contradictions were, he is very careful[124] not to say. Kidd’s own narrative, corroborated98 by the depositions99 of several of his crew, are perfectly100 intelligible101 and straightforward102 documents, far more intelligible and convincing than Bellamont’s lame103 reasons for thinking him guilty. The first of these was that Kidd had communicated in the first instance with his old friend Emmot, who Bellamont says was “a cunning Jacobite and my avowed104 enemy.” The second reason assigned is, “I thought he looked very guilty.” It is not improbable that poor Kidd was taken aback by his cold reception; but it is safe to assume that whatever his demeanor105 had been, it would have been regarded by the Governor as a sure sign of his guilt. Sometimes during his examination he seems to have been cheerful and breezy. With what result? The Governor reports, “Kidd did strangely trifle with me and the Council three or four times that we had him under examination.” Finding that his jocular efforts were not appreciated, Kidd not[125] unnaturally became grave. But the result was still unsatisfactory. “He being examined two or three times by the Council and also some of his men, I observed,” says Bellamont, “that he seemed much disturbed.” The last time he was under examination, his appearance seems again to have changed, but still, as ever, for the worse. Probably by this time he had grown restless and restive106. “I fancied,” Bellamont writes, “he looked as if he were upon the wing and resolved to run away.” But after all, the chief offence for which the poor man was at last consigned107 to gaol, was not committed by him, but by his evil genius, Livingstone, who asked Bellamont to return him the bond he had entered into for Kidd’s good behaviour. “I thought,” says Bellamont, “this was such an impertinence that it was time for me to look about me and secure Kidd.” On this last point the version of the anonymous108 person of quality is substantially the same as Bellamont’s. “Above all,” he writes, “Livingstone’s[126] behaviour, who was come to Boston, and very peremptorily109 demanded from the Earl the delivery of the bond which he had entered into for Kidd’s honest performance of his duty in the expedition (as if that was to be taken for granted) gave the Earl of Bellamont good reason to conclude that no time was to be lost. Therefore he caused Kidd to be seized with divers of his crew.” A lamer110 set of reasons for throwing a faithful subordinate into gaol it would have been difficult for the most unintelligent official to concoct111.
The reply of the Lords Justices to Bellamont’s letters was the dispatch of a man-of-war, the Rochester, to bring back Kidd and his fellow-prisoners to England. This ship set sail before the end of September; but came back to Plymouth in November for repairs. Her return led the opposition112 to believe that the sending of her out had been merely a pretence113, and it was alleged that a great number of other ships that had gone[127] out in her company had been able to proceed on their voyage and to reach New England safely. The wildest rumours114 were in circulation. The prevailing115 popular opinion seems to have been that the four great ministers had sent Kidd out in the Adventure Galley to commit acts of piracy on their behalf; and that they had naturally selected for this purpose a past-master in the art of piracy. Some would have it that Somers, to prevent unpleasant disclosures, had already set the great seal to his pardon. Evelyn, in his diary of the third of December, says: “They” (i. e., Parliament) “called some great persons in the highest offices in question for setting the Greate Seale to the pardon of an arch pirate, who had turned pirate again, and brought prizes to the West Indies, expecting to be connived116 at on sharing the spoil.” Burnet, writing in much the same strain, says, “It was maliciously117 insinuated118 that the privateer turned pirate in confidence of the protection of those who employed[128] him, if he had not secret orders for what he did.” It is difficult to say whose reputation suffered more at this juncture—Kidd’s by his association with the four unpopular ministers, or the four unpopular ministers, by their association with Kidd.
On the completion of her repairs, the Rochester set sail again from Plymouth for New York. She carried a letter from the Lords Justices to Bellamont, approving his zeal119 and conduct in the whole affair, and requiring him to put the pirates and their goods on board of her. The delay in bringing Kidd to England, whether designed or not, was most unfortunate for him and most opportune120 for the ministers. The opposition seem to have had some inkling that Kidd’s return was being purposely delayed with the object of enabling the government to deal with him without consulting Parliament. To allay121 these suspicions, a certificate was produced signed by all the officers of the Rochester, from which, according to[129] Bellamont’s apologist, it appeared that they had proceeded on their course to America “as far as their ship was able to bear the beating of the sea and then resolved to return to England.” “When they were returned to England,” he says, “by a like certificate they affirmed the same thing, and that the result was taken merely for securing the ship and the company’s lives.” “The captain,” he adds, “by his letter to the Secretary of the Admiralty says they were got 500 leagues before they met the storms. And orders being sent by the Admiralty to Mr St Lo, the Commissioner19 of the Admiralty at Plymouth, to examine into the truth of the matter, he certified122 the Lords of the Admiralty that in pursuance of their commands he, with the assistance of the officers of the Yard, had made a thorough survey of the ship and (mentioning the several particular defects) they unanimously found there was a necessity for her coming back.”
These official assurances by no means satisfied[130] the Commons. On the sixteenth of the following March they presented an address to the King, praying that Kidd might not be tried, discharged, or pardoned until the next session of Parliament, and that Bellamont might be required in the meantime to transmit over to England all commissions, instructions, and other papers taken with or relating to him.
The King’s reply to this address was communicated to the House on the eighth of April, 1700, by Mr. Secretary Vernon, who informed the Commons that he had presented the address to His Majesty, and that His Majesty had commanded him to acquaint the House that His Majesty having received an account of the arrival of Captain Kidd in the Isle123 of Lundy, by a ship which the Lords of the Admiralty had sent to fetch him, which was bound for the Downs, His Majesty had ordered a yacht to be sent to the Downs in order for the bringing of him up, and that the commissioners of the Admiralty[131] were likewise directed to send their marshal to take him into custody.
This reply, so far from appeasing124 the opposition, seems to have added fuel to the flame of their indignation. Why could not the King assent125 at once to their address? Why had the Rochester gone out of her course to the Isle of Lundy, unless it were to defer126 the bringing home of Kidd until Parliament had risen? Accordingly, a few days afterwards, a further resolution was moved that “An humble127 address be presented to His Majesty to remove John, Lord Somers, Lord Chancellor128 of England, from his presence and counsels for ever.” The motion was defeated by a majority of one hundred and sixty-seven to one hundred and six. But the fact that one hundred and six members voted for it, shows the bitterness of the party feeling against Somers, and the widespread suspicions of his honesty that prevailed amongst his political opponents. It need hardly be said that these suspicions[132] were not allayed129 by the well-timed arrival of Kidd and his fellow-prisoners in London on board the King’s yacht, on the very day after Parliament had risen. The result of this second curious close coincidence of date which has occurred in the course of this narrative, was that Kidd had arrived too late to be examined by the members of the House. He was therefore privately130 examined by the Admiralty officials, sent to Newgate, and ordered to be kept a close prisoner.
The desire of the House of Commons that Kidd should not be tried, discharged, or pardoned until the next session of Parliament was most unfortunate for him, because it necessitated131 his being kept in confinement132 with his fellow-prisoners at Newgate for more than a year. But it cannot be regarded as unreasonable, seeing that the necessary documents relating to him had not yet been laid before the House; that time was required for the collection of evidence[133] against him from abroad; and that such of the facts relating to him and his employers as had already been disclosed, afforded some ground for suspecting that the four inculpated133 ministers were far from blameless. It is the one satisfactory feature in this very unpleasant case, that no discredit134 attaches to the action of the House of Commons in respect of its treatment of Kidd, either in this session or the next.
On the sixth of March in the following year (1701), the House, having reassembled, ordered that the examinations of Kidd and all papers relating to him, transmitted by the Earl of Bellamont (who, it may be mentioned, was now dead), be laid before them by the Admiralty. On the next day, they were presented; and it was ordered that such of them as came from the Admiralty sealed up, be opened, and the private examinations of Captain Kidd before the Admiralty were accordingly opened and read. It appeared from them that Kidd had denied[134] that he had ever seen Shrewsbury or Somers; or had heard more of them than that they were two of his owners; that he admitted that Bellamont had introduced him to the Earl of Orford, and that Colonel Hewetson had carried him to the Earl of Romney, which was all he knew of them.
The papers delivered up by the Admiralty related not only to Kidd, but also to atrocities135 which had been committed in the East Indies by pirates, who had nothing to do with him, and which had apparently been mixed up with his narrative, with the object of obscuring the case and creating a prejudice against him. The Commons appointed a committee to sort them, and to report to the House which of them related to Kidd. On the twenty-seventh of March this committee reported that they had done this; and their chairman, Sir Humphrey Mackworth, delivered them in at the clerk’s table, divided into two parcels, one containing the papers relating to Kidd, and the other the papers[135] that did not relate to him. Then Kidd’s private examinations before the Admiralty were again read; and Kidd, being brought in by the keeper of Newgate, was called in. A petition from Cogi Babba, which had been presented to the House, was also read. This petition is noteworthy as being the only complaint to the House made by those who were alleged at his trial to have been plundered by him. It purported136 to be presented by Cogi Babba, on behalf of himself and other Armenians, inhabitants of Chalfa, the suburb of Spahow, and subjects to the King of Persia. It merely set forth that the petitioners had freighted a ship called the Karry Merchant (better known as the Quedagh Merchant—and referred to in the French pass as Cara Marchand), from Surat to Bengal, where the petitioners loaded her at prime cost to the value of four hundred thousand rupees, besides forty thousand rupees, the cost of the ship, which was all taken and carried away by Captain Kidd,[136] on the ship’s returning to Surat about February, 1697; and it merely prayed that Kidd might be examined touching137 the premises138, and the petitioners relieved concerning the same.
After the reading of these papers Kidd was examined and withdrew, and was remanded to Newgate; and it was decided that the House would the next day take into consideration the patent, commission and instructions to Kidd, which they did with the result that a motion was made that the grant passed under the Great Seal by Somers to Bellamont and others of the goods to be taken from the pirates before their conviction was illegal and void. The question being put, one hundred and eighty-five members voted in favour of the motion and one hundred and ninety-eight against it.
The House then decided that Kidd should be put on his trial in the ordinary course; and on the sixteenth of April, about three weeks before it took place, being informed[137] that he had sent to the Admiralty that he might have the use of his commission and some other papers at his trial, ordered that “the said Commission and such other papers as Captain Kidd desires be delivered by the Clerk of this House to the Secretary of the Admiralty.” Had this order been complied with, and the papers been accessible to Kidd or his legal advisers139, he would have had a complete answer to the charge of piracy brought against him. For they included the precious French passes, which had justified his seizure of his two prizes.
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placate
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| v.抚慰，平息(愤怒) | |
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surmise
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| v./n.猜想，推测 | |
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prodigality
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| n.浪费，挥霍 | |
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expended
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| v.花费( expend的过去式和过去分词 )；使用（钱等）做某事；用光；耗尽 | |
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proceedings
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| n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报 | |
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imminent
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| adj.即将发生的，临近的，逼近的 | |
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irritation
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| n.激怒，恼怒，生气 | |
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seamen
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| n.海员 | |
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repression
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| n.镇压，抑制，抑压 | |
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piracy
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| n.海盗行为，剽窃，著作权侵害 | |
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promising
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fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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dealing
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| n.经商方法，待人态度 | |
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petitioners
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| n.请求人，请愿人( petitioner的名词复数 )；离婚案原告 | |
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infesting
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| v.害虫、野兽大批出没于( infest的现在分词 )；遍布于 | |
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erect
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unreasonable
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promptly
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commissioner
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| n.（政府厅、局、处等部门）专员，长官，委员 | |
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commissioners
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bestow
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expedient
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| adj.有用的，有利的；n.紧急的办法，权宜之计 | |
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delicacy
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ardent
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forth
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dominions
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| 统治权( dominion的名词复数 )； 领土； 疆土； 版图 | |
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27
catching
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| adj.易传染的，有魅力的，迷人的，接住 | |
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28
potentate
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| n.统治者；君主 | |
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29
immediate
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| adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的 | |
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30
restitution
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| n.赔偿；恢复原状 | |
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31
acquiesced
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| v.默认，默许( acquiesce的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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32
custody
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| n.监护，照看，羁押，拘留 | |
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33
proprietors
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| n.所有人，业主( proprietor的名词复数 ) | |
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34
majesty
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| n.雄伟，壮丽，庄严，威严；最高权威，王权 | |
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35
appease
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| v.安抚，缓和，平息，满足 | |
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36
decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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37
peremptory
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| adj.紧急的，专横的，断然的 | |
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38
plantations
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| n.种植园，大农场( plantation的名词复数 ) | |
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39
apprehending
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| 逮捕，拘押( apprehend的现在分词 )； 理解 | |
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40
imprisoned
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| 下狱，监禁( imprison的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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41
plunder
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| vt.劫掠财物，掠夺；n.劫掠物，赃物；劫掠 | |
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42
despatch
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| n./v.(dispatch)派遣；发送；n.急件；新闻报道 | |
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43
depredations
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| n.劫掠，毁坏( depredation的名词复数 ) | |
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44
thereby
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| adv.因此，从而 | |
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45
unnaturally
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| adv.违反习俗地；不自然地；勉强地；不近人情地 | |
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46
frigate
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| n.护航舰，大型驱逐舰 | |
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47
imprisonment
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| n.关押，监禁，坐牢 | |
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48
inquiry
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| n.打听，询问，调查，查问 | |
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49
guilt
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| n.犯罪；内疚；过失，罪责 | |
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50
stranded
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| a.搁浅的，进退两难的 | |
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51
piracies
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| n.海上抢劫( piracy的名词复数 )；盗版行为，非法复制 | |
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52
plundered
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| 掠夺，抢劫( plunder的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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53
divers
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| adj.不同的；种种的 | |
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54
obedience
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| n.服从，顺从 | |
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55
accomplices
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| 从犯，帮凶，同谋( accomplice的名词复数 ) | |
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56
prosecuted
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| a.被起诉的 | |
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57
conniving
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| v.密谋 ( connive的现在分词 )；搞阴谋；默许；纵容 | |
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58
alleged
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| a.被指控的，嫌疑的 | |
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59
distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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60
misgivings
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| n.疑虑，担忧，害怕；疑虑，担心，恐惧( misgiving的名词复数 )；疑惧 | |
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61
steadfastly
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| adv.踏实地，不变地；岿然；坚定不渝 | |
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62
galley
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| n.（飞机或船上的）厨房单层甲板大帆船；军舰舰长用的大划艇； | |
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63
narrative
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| n.叙述，故事；adj.叙事的，故事体的 | |
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64
scapegoat
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| n.替罪的羔羊，替人顶罪者；v.使…成为替罪羊 | |
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65
infamy
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| n.声名狼藉，出丑，恶行 | |
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66
mariners
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| 海员，水手（mariner的复数形式） | |
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67
acquitted
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| 宣判…无罪( acquit的过去式和过去分词 )； 使（自己）作出某种表现 | |
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68
resolutely
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| adj.坚决地，果断地 | |
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69
apparently
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| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
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70
interval
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| n.间隔，间距；幕间休息，中场休息 | |
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71
contented
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| adj.满意的，安心的，知足的 | |
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72
forfeited
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| （因违反协议、犯规、受罚等）丧失，失去( forfeit的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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73
regiment
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| n.团，多数，管理；v.组织，编成团，统制 | |
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74
treasury
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| n.宝库；国库，金库；文库 | |
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75
sop
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| n.湿透的东西，懦夫；v.浸，泡，浸湿 | |
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76
lottery
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| n.抽彩；碰运气的事，难于算计的事 | |
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77
justify
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| vt.证明…正当(或有理)，为…辩护 | |
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78
seizure
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| n.没收；占有；抵押 | |
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79
civilized
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| a.有教养的，文雅的 | |
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80
embark
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| vi.乘船，着手，从事，上飞机 | |
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81
exonerate
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| v.免除责任，确定无罪 | |
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82
consignment
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| n.寄售；发货；委托；交运货物 | |
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83
gaol
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| n.(jail)监狱；(不加冠词)监禁；vt.使…坐牢 | |
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84
decency
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| n.体面，得体，合宜，正派，庄重 | |
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85
specious
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| adj.似是而非的；adv.似是而非地 | |
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86
concealed
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| a.隐藏的，隐蔽的 | |
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87
innocence
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| n.无罪；天真；无害 | |
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88
justified
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| a.正当的，有理的 | |
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89
umbrage
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| n.不快；树荫 | |
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90
animate
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| v.赋于生命，鼓励；adj.有生命的，有生气的 | |
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91
heartily
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| adv.衷心地，诚恳地，十分，很 | |
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92
sloop
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| n.单桅帆船 | |
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93
wretch
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| n.可怜的人，不幸的人；卑鄙的人 | |
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94
forsake
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| vt.遗弃，抛弃；舍弃，放弃 | |
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95
microscopical
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| adj.显微镜的，精微的 | |
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96
scrutiny
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| n.详细检查，仔细观察 | |
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97
conditional
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| adj.条件的，带有条件的 | |
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98
corroborated
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| v.证实，支持（某种说法、信仰、理论等）( corroborate的过去式 ) | |
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99
depositions
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| 沉积（物）( deposition的名词复数 )； （在法庭上的）宣誓作证； 处置； 罢免 | |
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100
perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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101
intelligible
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| adj.可理解的，明白易懂的，清楚的 | |
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102
straightforward
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| adj.正直的，坦率的；易懂的，简单的 | |
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103
lame
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| adj.跛的，(辩解、论据等)无说服力的 | |
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104
avowed
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| adj.公开声明的，承认的v.公开声明，承认( avow的过去式和过去分词) | |
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105
demeanor
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| n.行为；风度 | |
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106
restive
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| adj.不安宁的，不安静的 | |
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107
consigned
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| v.把…置于（令人不快的境地）( consign的过去式和过去分词 )；把…托付给；把…托人代售；丟弃 | |
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108
anonymous
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| adj.无名的；匿名的；无特色的 | |
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109
peremptorily
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| adv.紧急地，不容分说地，专横地 | |
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110
lamer
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| 瘸的( lame的比较级 )； 站不住脚的； 差劲的； 蹩脚的 | |
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111
concoct
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| v.调合，制造 | |
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112
opposition
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| n.反对，敌对 | |
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113
pretence
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| n.假装，作假；借口，口实；虚伪；虚饰 | |
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114
rumours
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| n.传闻( rumour的名词复数 )；风闻；谣言；谣传 | |
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115
prevailing
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| adj.盛行的；占优势的；主要的 | |
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116
connived
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| v.密谋 ( connive的过去式和过去分词 )；搞阴谋；默许；纵容 | |
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117
maliciously
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| adv.有敌意地 | |
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118
insinuated
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| v.暗示( insinuate的过去式和过去分词 )；巧妙或迂回地潜入；（使）缓慢进入；慢慢伸入 | |
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119
zeal
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| n.热心，热情，热忱 | |
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120
opportune
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| adj.合适的，适当的 | |
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121
allay
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| v.消除，减轻(恐惧、怀疑等) | |
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122
certified
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| a.经证明合格的；具有证明文件的 | |
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123
isle
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| n.小岛，岛 | |
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124
appeasing
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| 安抚，抚慰( appease的现在分词 )； 绥靖（满足另一国的要求以避免战争） | |
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125
assent
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| v.批准，认可；n.批准，认可 | |
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126
defer
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| vt.推迟，拖延；vi.(to)遵从，听从，服从 | |
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127
humble
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| adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低 | |
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128
chancellor
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| n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长 | |
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129
allayed
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| v.减轻，缓和( allay的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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130
privately
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| adv.以私人的身份，悄悄地，私下地 | |
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131
necessitated
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| 使…成为必要，需要( necessitate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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132
confinement
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| n.幽禁，拘留，监禁；分娩；限制，局限 | |
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133
inculpated
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| v.显示（某人）有罪，使负罪( inculpate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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134
discredit
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| vt.使不可置信；n.丧失信义；不信，怀疑 | |
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135
atrocities
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| n.邪恶，暴行( atrocity的名词复数 )；滔天大罪 | |
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136
purported
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| adj.传说的，谣传的v.声称是…，（装得）像是…的样子( purport的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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137
touching
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| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
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138
premises
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| n.建筑物，房屋 | |
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139
advisers
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| 顾问，劝告者( adviser的名词复数 )； （指导大学新生学科问题等的）指导教授 | |
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