The terrible and fatal field of Poictiers, the field of the Black Prince, had stricken down at a single stroke the might of a great, a glorious nation; her king a captive in a foreign dungeon5; one third of the best and bravest nobles dead on the field of honor, or languishing6 in English fetters7; a weak and nerveless regent on her throne; and Charles, the bad king of Navarre, the counsellor, the nearest to his ear.
Half of the realm at least was held directly under English sway, with garrisons9 of English archers10 in the towns, and the red-cross banner of St. George floating above her vanquished11 towers; and in the provinces, still nominally12 French, armies of free companions sweeping13 the fields of their harvests far and near, plundering15 the cottage, pillaging16 the castle, levying17 contributions on open towns, storming by force strongholds—English, Gascons, and Normans—led for the most part by men of name and renown18—bastards, in many cases, of great and noble houses, such as the bourg de Maulion, and the bourg de Keranlouet, and a hundred others of scarcely inferior fame—had subjected the country scarcely less effectually than it had been done elsewhere by open, honorable warfare19.
To this appalling20 state of things a fresh horror was now added, where horror was least needed—and that the most tremendous of all horrors, a servile insurrection—the sudden, and spontaneous, and victorious21 outbreak of ignorant, down-trodden, vicious, cruel, frenzied22, and brutal23 slaves!
206 The nobles themselves—who, had they been combined, and acted promptly24 and in unison25, could have crushed the life out of the insurrection in a week—divided into hostile parties, dispirited by the wonderful successes of the victorious English, intimidated26 and crest27-fallen—held themselves aloof28 the one from the other; and, attempting to defend their isolated29 fortresses30 singly, without either concert or system, allowed themselves to be surprised in detail, and butchered upon their own hearth-stones, by the infuriated serfs.
All horrors, all atrocities31 that can be conceived, were perpetrated by the victors, maddened by long years of servitude and suffering, by deprivation32 of all the rights and decencies which belong of nature to every living man, and by the enforcement of droits so infamous33 and unnatural34, that it is only wonderful how men should have so long endured them! Not the least galling35 of these was that feudal36 right which permitted the seigneur to compel the virgin37 bride on her wedding-day to his own bed, and then return her dishonored to the arms of her impassive husband—a right which not merely existed in abeyance39, or, as in latter days, was compounded by a fine, but which was an every-day occurrence, a usage of the land—to enforce which was no more considered cruel or tyrannical than to collect rents, or tithes40, or any other feudal dues—and which was not finally abolished until the reign2 of Louis XIV., when it was at length suppressed in those memorable41 assizes, known as the grands jours d’Auvergne, when many of the noblest of the land died by the hands of the common executioner for tyranny and persecution42.
When, therefore, crimes like these, and worse, were perpetrated daily under the sanction and authority of feudal law; when they had been endured for years—not, indeed, without feelings of the direst bitterness and rage, but without loud complaint or general resistance, by all the serfs and villeyns of the land—what wonder was it that these miserable43, trampled207 wretches44, scarcely human, save in form, from the squalid wretchedness of their condition, and the studious care of their oppressors to prevent their progress or improvement—what wonder, I say, was it, that, seeing at length their opportunity, when their lords were distracted by foreign conquests, by the devastations of robber-bands, and by their own political dissensions or social feuds45, they should have sprung to arms everywhere—their cry, “War to the castle, peace to the cottage!”—seeking redress46 or revenge, and braving death willingly, as less intolerable than the wrongs they had been so long enduring in sullen47 desperation? What wonder was it, that, when victorious, they, who never had been spared, should have shown themselves unsparing; that they, whose hearths48 had been to them no safeguards for any sanctity of domestic life, no asylums49 for any age or sex, should have wreaked50 upon the dwellers51 of the castles the wrongs which for ages had been the inheritance of the inmates52 of the cottages; that they, whose wives and daughters had never found protection from worse than brutish violence in tender years, in innocence53 of unstained virtue54, in the weakness of imploring55 beauty, should have requited56, on the wives and daughters of their tyrants57, pollution by pollution, infamy58, and death?
Such, such, alas59! is human nature; and rare it is indeed that suffering at the hands of man teaches man moderation to the sufferers when it becomes his turn to suffer. Injustice60 hardens, not melts, the heart; and we have it, from no less an authority than the word of Him who can not lie, that “persecution maketh wise men mad”—but, of a surety, the wretched serfs and Jacquerie were far enough removed from wisdom, however they might be deemed mad, nor were many of their actions very far removed from madness. Knights62 crucified above the altars of their own castle-chapels, while their wives were dishonored, tortured, and slain64, with all extremities65 of cruelty, before their208 eyes; infants tossed upon pikes, or burnt alive, in the presence of their frantic66 mothers; women compelled to eat the flesh of their own husbands, roasted at their own kitchen-grates ere yet life was extinct; the whole land filled with blood and ruin, and the smoke of conflagration67 going up night and day to the indignant and polluted heavens—these were the signs of those dark and awful times, these were the first fruits of the conquered liberty of the emancipated68 helots of the feudal system!
And when, nerved at length by the very extremity69 of peril70, the nobles took up arms to make common cause against the common enemy, they found themselves isolated and hemmed71 in on all sides, unable to draw together so as to make head against the countless72 numbers of the enemy, which, like the waters of an inundation73, increased hourly, and waxed wider, deeper, stronger, as it rolled onward75. Large bodies could not be collected; small bodies were cut off; till at length so completely were the proud and warlike nobles of the most warlike land in Europe cowed and disheartened by the triumph of their despised and degraded slaves, that fifty men, armed cap-à-pie, and mounted on their puissant76 destriers, who would, six months before, have couched their lances confidently, and ridden scatheless77 through thousands of the skinclad Jacquery—trampling them at leisure under the hoofs78 of their barded horses, and, invulnerable themselves, spearing them at their will from their lofty demipiques—now felt their proud hearts tremble at the mere38 blast of a peasant’s horn, and fled ingloriously before an equal number of undisciplined and half-armed serfs!
About the period, however, of which I write, several encounters had taken place, especially in Touraine, in the Beauvoisis, and the country about the Seine, between the chivalry80 and their insurgent81 villeyns, in which the former had been worsted, not so much by superior forces as by superior courage, discipline, and skill. And it came to be rumored83 far and near that there209 was one band, and that the fiercest and most cruel of all—consisting of above a thousand foot, spears, and crossbow-men, and led by a powerful man-at-arms, before whose lance everything was said to go down—at the head of nearly a hundred fully84 equipped lances, which was in no respect unequal to the best arrays of the nobility with their feudal vassals85.
What was at first mere rumor82, soon came to be accredited—soon came to be undoubted truth; for, emboldened86 by their successes from attacking the parties of chivalry in detail, as they fell upon them traversing the country in the vain hope of combinations, this great band now began to sit down before strong towns and fortified87 holds, to besiege88 them in due form of war, and were in every instance successful.
Their numbers, too, increased with their success, for every knight61 or man-at-arms who fell, or was taken prisoner, mounted and armed a peasant; and it was singular to observe with what skill and judgment89 the leader apportioned90 his best spoils to his best men: so that, developing his resources slowly—never admitting any man to enter his cavalry91 who had not approved himself a soldier, who could not ride well, and charge a lance fearlessly, nor enrolling92 any one among his footmen who was not well armed with a corslet or shirt-of-mail, and steel cap or sallet, with sword, dagger93, and pike, or crossbow—he was soon at the head of two thousand excellent foot, and above three hundred lances, admirably mounted, who fought under his own immediate94 orders.
Who he was, no one knew, or conjectured95. It was reported that his own men were unacquainted with his name, and that his face, when the vizor of his helmet was raised, was covered by a sable96 mask. How much of truth or falsehood there might be in these vague rumors97, no man seemed to know; but it is certain that a mysterious and almost supernatural terror attached to the “Black Rider,” as he was universally termed,210 whenever he was spoken of—a terror which perhaps he took a secret pleasure in augmenting98, either from motives100 of policy or of pride.
The strong suit of knight’s armor which he wore, of the best Milan steel, was black as night from the crest to the spur, without relief of any kind, or device on the shield, or heraldric crest on the burgonet. The plume102 which he wore on his casque was similar to those affixed103 in modern days to hearses; and another, its counterpart, towered between the ears of his charger, which was a coal-black barb105, without one white hair in its glossy106 hide, barded with chamfront, poitrel, neck-plates, and bard79 proper, all of black steel, with funeral-housings of black cloth.
Such was the man who alone of the leaders of the Jacquerie seemed to make war on a system, acting107 according to the dictates108 of the soundest judgment rather than, like the others, by wantonness or whim109; permitting no license110, nor promiscuous111 individual pillaging, but causing all plunder14 to be brought together for the common weal—thus making war support war, according to the prescribed plan of the greatest of modern conquerors—and subsisting112 his men on the spoils of the powerful and rich, without trespassing113 in any wise on the property of the poor, whose favor it was his object to conciliate.
It came, too, to be understood, ere long, that his cruelty was no less systematic114 than his plundering. No wanton barbarity, no torturing, roast, crucifying, or the like, was ever perpetrated by his band; and of himself, it was notorious that, except in open warfare or in the heat of battle, he had never dealt a blow against a man, or laid a rude hand on a woman, of the hated caste of nobles. Still, neither man nor woman ever escaped his rancorous and premeditated vengeance115.
Every male noble, of whatever age—gray-haired, or full-grown man, stripling, or child, or infant in the cradle—no sooner was he taken than he was hanged on the next tree if in211 the open field, or from the pinnacles116 of his own castle if within stone walls.
Every female of noble birth—and to these, though he never looked on them himself, nor was tempted117 by the charms of the fairest—was delivered at once to the mercies of his men, subjected to the last dishonor; and then, when life was intolerable to them, and death welcome, they were drowned in the nearest stream or lake, if in the open country, or cast from the battlements into the moat, if captured within the precincts of a fortalice.
So rigidly118 did he adhere to this last mode of execution, often carrying his victims along with the band for several days until he could find a suitable place for drowning them, that it was soon determined119 that he must have some secret motive99, or strong vow120, binding121 him to this strange course—the rather that there were many reasons for believing him to be a man naturally of a feeling and generous temper, hardened by circumstances into this vein122 of cold and adamantine cruelty.
Though he had never been known to relent, tears had been known to fall fast through the bars of his avantaille, as he repulsed123 the outstretched arms and rejected the passionate124 entreaties125 of some lovely, innocent maiden126, imploring death itself as a boon127, so she might save her honor.
At such times, it was affirmed—and they were of no unusual occurrence—when he seemed on the point of relenting, he needed only to clasp in his mailed fingers a long, heavy tress of female hair—once of the loveliest shade of dark brown, verging128 almost upon black, but now bleached129 by exposure to the summer sun and the wintry storm—which he wore among the black plumes130 of his casque, when he became on the instant cold, iron, and impenetrable, as the proof-harness which he wore; and the words would come from his lips slow, stern, irrevocable, speaking the miserable creature’s doom131, so that212 even she would plead no longer!—
“Away with her! away! For she, too, was beautiful, and innocent, and good; and which of these availed her, that she should not perish? Away with her, I say, and do your will with her; but let me not look on her any more!”
Up to this time, the insurrection had been confined to the northeast of France, and more especially to the Beauvoisis and the regions adjacent to the capital, the armed commons of which appeared ready to encourage and assist, if not openly to join them; but, at the period when my tale commences, it began to spread like a conflagration, and rapidly extended itself in all directions.
Auvergne still continued, however, free from disturbance132, and the knights and nobles whose demesnes lay within that fair province went about their ordinary avocations133 and amusements, unmolested and unsuspicious of danger, without any more display of military force than was usual in those dark and dangerous times, and with no more than ordinary trains of feudal dependants134 and retainers.
This, however, was now brought to a sudden and alarming conclusion by the occurrence of an incident so terrible and hideous135 in its character, that it struck a panic-terror into every heart that heard tell of it, and that it still survives, though centuries have elapsed, as clear and distinct as if it had but just occurred, in the memories of the peasantry of Auvergne.
It was a beautiful morning in the latter part of June, when the whole face of the country was overspread by a garb136 of the richest summer greenery, when the skies were glowing with perfect and cloudless azure137, and when the atmosphere was perfumed with the breath of flowers and vocal138 with the melody of birds. It was a morning when all nature seemed to be at peace, the bridal, as are old pock-words of the earth and sky—when even the angry passions of man, the great destroyer, seem to213 be at rest, and when it is difficult to believe in the existence or commission of any violence or wrong.
It was on such a morning that a gay cavalcade139 of knights and ladies issued from the gates of the castle of Roche d’or, with a numerous train of half-armed retainers; with grooms140, and foresters, and falconers; with hounds, gazehounds, and spaniels, fretting141 in their leashes142; and goss-hawks143, jer-falcons144, peregrines, and marlins, horded upon their wrists, or cast upon frames suspended by thongs145 about the waists of the varlets who carried them.
At the head of this gallant146 company rode a finely-formed man of stately presence, and apparelled in the rich garments of a person of distinction in an age when every station and rank of life had its distinctive147 garb, and when the sumptuary laws were enforced with much strictness, rendering148 it highly penal149 for one class to assume the dress of the station next above it. Velvet150, and rich furs, and ostrich-plumes, rustled151 and waved in the garb of this puissant noble, and many a gem152 of rare price flashed from the hilts of his weapons, and even from the accoutrements of his splendid Andalusian charger. On either hand of him rode a lady, beautiful both of them, and young, but in styles of beauty utterly153 dissimilar: for one was dark-browed and black-haired, with the complexion154 of a clear-skinned brunette, suffused155 with a rich, sunny color, and large, languid black eyes; while the other had a skin as white as snow, with the slightest possible tinge156 of rose on the soft, rounded cheeks—eyes of the hues157 of the dewy violet—and long, streaming tresses of warm, golden brown.
In the dark-haired lady it was easy to trace a resemblance, of both outline and complexion, to the gentleman who rode between them, and it would not have needed a very keen observer to discover at a glance that they were brother and sister. And such was the truth: for the personages were Raoul de Canillac,214 the marquis of Roche d’or; Louise de Canillac, his lovely sister; and Clemente, his late-wedded wife, formerly158 Clemente Isaure de Saint Angely, who was the wonder of the country for beauty, and its idol159 for her charity and goodness.
Next this lady, on the outer side, there rode one who was as much and as deservedly detested160 by the neighborhood as she was admired and beloved—a strange compound of all the foul161 and hideous vices162 which can render humanity detestable, unredeemed by one solitary163 virtue, if bravery be excepted, which was a quality so general and necessary—being, in fact, almost unavoidable, from the peculiar164 nature of chivalrous165 institutions—that it must be regarded rather as a virtue of the age and military caste of nobles, than of this or that individual. He had earned himself a fearful reputation, and how well he had deserved no one could doubt who looked upon his face, all scathed166 and furrowed167 by the lines stamped on it by habitual168 indulgence in every hateful vice101, habitual surrender to every fiery169 passion. A cousin of the marquis, and his nearest male relative, he had done much to deprave and corrupt170 his mind; and though an accomplished171 and gallant gentleman, honorable, and affable, and companionable to his own caste, a fond husband, a kind brother, and a warm friend, he had succeeded in rendering him as cruel and unmerciful an oppressor of all beneath him as a feudal seigneur in those days could be, if his power was equalled by his will to do evil. He also was Canillac, the reproach and disgrace of an old and noble name, and was known far and wide, for his furious and frantic crimes—which seemed, so perfectly172 unprovoked were they at times and devoid173 of meaning, to arise from actual insanity—by the soubriquet of Canillac le fou, the madman—a title of which, so shameless was he in his infamous renown, he actually appeared to glory, signing it as a portion of his name, or an honorable title of distinction.
215 On the other side, next to Louise de Roche d’or, rode a tall and handsome youth, wearing the belt and spurs of knighthood, and gazing at times into the face of the beautiful girl with eyes full of deep, ardent174 affection, and speaking to her in those low, earnest tones which denote so certainly the existence of strong and pervading175 interest and affection. The knight, already famous far beyond his years, for deeds of dauntless daring, was Sir Louis de Montfau?on, a puissant baron176 of Auvergne, whose bands marched with those of Castel de Roche d’or, and the affianced husband of the young and fair Louise. Pages and equerries, with the usual attendants, followed, and the courtyard rang and re-echoed with the clang of hoofs, the neighing of coursers, the deep baying of the bloodhounds, and the screams of the frightened falcons.
They issued from the castle-gates; wound through the open park, and the dense177 woodland chase beyond it; swept down a steep descent into a broad and fertile valley, watered by a great, clear river, which they crossed by a wooden bridge: traversed the narrow, sandy street of the village of Castel de Roche d’or, and, turning off short to the right, entered a little dell, through which a bright, clear rivulet178 murmured over its pebbly179 bed, on its way to join the larger river in the valley.
The lower part of this little dell was principally open pasturage, dotted here and there with brakes and solitary bushes of hawthorn180; and along the margin181 of the rivulet there ran a fringe of willow182 and alder183 thickets184, but a little higher up it degenerated185 into a mere gorge186 or ravine, thickly overshadowed by the gnarled arms and dense, verduous umbrage187 of huge, immemorial oaks, the outskirts188 and advanced guard, as it were, of a vast oak-forest, which covered leagues on leagues of rough and broken country, to which this dell formed the readiest means of access.
Just in the jaws189 of this pass, overhung by the oaks, stood a small, gray, rustic190 chapel63, supported on four clustered columns,216 with groined arches intersecting each other resting upon them, a small, arched canopy191 containing a bell on the summit of its steep, slated192 roof, and a low-browed door, with a round arch, decorated with the wolf-toothed carvings193 of the earliest Norman style. Immediately in front of the door, the little rivulet which watered the dell burst out of the other in a strong, gushing194 spring, which had been blessed by some saint of old, and, being surmounted195 by a vaulted196 canopy, was held to be peculiarly holy by the superstitious197 rustics198 of the region.
This lovely spot, however, peaceful as it showed, and calm in its tranquil199 and sequestered200 security, had been the scene, some two or three years before, of a fearful and cruel crime: had witnessed the violent seizure201 of a sweet, innocent, and rarely lovely bride, fresh from the marriage benediction202, by this very Raoul de Canillac; and the girl had escaped pollution only by self-immolation.
It was a cursed deed—and cursed was the vengeance it provoked!
Just as the company I have described wheeled into the lower end of the little dell, conversing203 joyously204 together, and enjoying the sweet influences of the season and the place, they were saluted205 by the long, keen blast of a bugle206, well and clearly winded, in that peculiarly note known at that period as the mort, being the call that announced the death of the game, whatever it was, which might be the object of pursuit.
This call came from the oaks above the chapel, although no performer was seen, nor was there any baying of hounds or clamor of hunters, such as usually accompanies the termination of a chase.
There was no privilege at that time more highly regarded by the nobles than the rights of the chase, nor was there any crime more jealously pursued and punished more vindictively207 than the infraction208 of the forest-laws; so much so, indeed, that the death217 of a stag or wild-boar by unlicensed hands was visited with a far deeper meed of vengeance than the murder of a man!
It was with a face, therefore, inflamed209 by the fiercest ire, a flashing eye, and a knitted brow, that Raoul de Canillac unsheathed his sword, and spurred his horse into a gallop210, calling upon his men with a vehement211 and angry oath to follow him, for there were of a surety villeyns in the wood slaughtering212 the deer.
The ladies of the party checked their horses on the instant in affright, while the men rushed forward in confusion, drawing their weapons, and casting loose the hounds and hawks which they had led or carried, in order to wield213 their arms with more advantage; and between the shouts of the feudal retainers, the deep baying of the released bloodhounds, and the wild screams of the hawks, all that calm and peaceful solitude214 was transformed on the instant into a scene of the wildest turmoil215 and confusion. At this moment, just as the lord of Roche d’or spurred his horse up the slight eminence216 toward the little church, a man of great height and powerful frame stepped slowly forward from among the oaks, clad in a full suit of knightly217 armor, of plain, unornamented black steel, with no device or bearing on his shield, and no crest on his casque, which was overshadowed by an immense plume of black ostrich-feathers. He had a two-handed sword slung218 across his shoulders, and carried a ponderous219 battle-axe74 in his right hand.
Startled by this unexpected apparition220, Raoul de Canillac checked his horse suddenly, exclaiming: “Treason! fy! treason! Ride, ladies, for your lives!—ride! ride!”
But this warning came too late: for, simultaneously221 with the appearance of the leader, above five hundred crossbow-men and lancers poured out from the wood on either flank, with their weapons ready; and a body of fifty or sixty mounted men-atarms drew out from behind a spur of the hills at the entrance218 of the gorge, and effectually cut off their retreat. Entirely222 surrounded, escape was impossible, and resistance hopeless, so great was the numerical superiority of the enemy, and so perfectly were they armed and accoutred for offence and defence, while the retainers of the lords had no defensive223 arms whatever, nor any weapons except their swords and hunting-staves, and a few bows and arbalasts.
The leader of the Jacquerie—for it needed not a second glance to inform Raoul de Canillac into whose hands he had fallen—waved his axe on high as a signal, and instantly a single crossbow was discharged; and the bolt, striking the horse of the seigneur full in the centre of the chest, he went down on the instant: and before he could recover his feet, the marquis was seized by a dozen stout224 hands, and bound securely hand and foot with stout hempen225 cords.
On perceiving this, the elder nobleman, Canillac the madman, with the desperate and reckless fury for which he was so conspicuous226, dashed forward, sword in hand, with his paternal227 war-cry, followed by a dozen or two of the armed servitors, as if to rescue his kinsman228. Perhaps he perceived the hopelessness of their condition, and preferred selling his life dearly to surrendering only to be slaughtered229 in cold blood: and if such was his notion, he was not all unwise.
Again the battle-axe was waved, and this time a close and well-aimed volley followed, the bolts taking effect fatally on the bodies of the old lord and several of his followers230, three of whom with their chief were slain outright231, while several others staggered back more or less severely232 wounded.
With this, all resistance ended, the men throwing down their arms, and crying for quarter, which—as they were all, with the exception of two pages and an esquire, men of low birth—was granted, and they were discharged without further condition. To those of gentle origin, however, no such clemency219 was extended. The pages and esquire were stripped of their costly233 garb, and immediately hanged up by the necks from the oak-trees, together with the young knight affianced to Mademoiselle Roche d’or, in spite of the entreaties and supplications of his beautiful betrothed234.
The ladies were then compelled to dismount, and their arms being bound behind their backs, were tied with ropes to the tails of their captors’ horses; and, together with Raoul de Canillac, whose feet were now released from their fetters, were dragged in painful and disgraceful procession back to the gates of the feudal fortalice from which they had so lately issued free and happy!
On the first summons of the leader of the Jacques—seeing their lord and the ladies captive, weak in numbers, dispirited, and without a leader—the garrison8 immediately surrendered: the portcullis was drawn235 up, the pontlevis lowered, and, with their wretched prisoners, the fierce marauders entered the walls, which, by their massive strength, might otherwise have long defied them.
Meantime, not one word had been uttered by the leader of the party, who indicated his demands to his men merely by the wafture of his hand or the gesture of his head, which were promptly understood and implicitly236 obeyed. In compliance237 with a sign, the prisoners were now led after him into their own magnificent abode238, and carried through long, winding239 passages, and up an almost interminable stairway, to an apartment in the summit of a huge, square tower, overlooking the castle-moat, from a battlemented balcony, at the height of above a hundred feet. A dread240 foreboding shook the breast of Raoul de Canillac, as he was brought into that chamber241, the scene of his outrageous242 cruelty to the lovely Marguerite in past years, and now to be the scene of its as cruel retribution.
220 The black warrior243 raised the vizor of his helmet, and gazed into the face of his former lord with the fixed104, resolute244, determined scowl245 of Maurice Champrèst, while the bad, bold oppressor shook before his captor with a visible, convulsive air.
“Ay! tremble, murderer and tyrant—tremble!” thundered the fierce avenger246; “tremble! for thy time is at hand: and, Marguerite—lovely and beloved Marguerite—right royally shalt thou be now avenged247! Away with these! away with them! their doom is spoken!”
And a scene of more than fiendish cruelty and violence ensued. Those innocent and lovely women, subjected to the last dishonor before the eyes of the husband and brother—tortured with merciless ingenuity248 when their violators were satiate of their beauties—and then cast headlong from the bartizan into the moat which had received the corpse249 of the Vassal’s Wife! Raoul de Canillac, scourged250 till the flesh was literally251 torn from his bones, was plunged252 headlong after them!
Such was the Vassal’s Vengeance!—and when he fell, shortly afterward253, before the walls of Meaux, by the lance of the renowned254 Captal de Buch, his last words were: “I care not—I care not to live longer. My task was ended, my race won, when thou wert avenged, Marguerite—Marguerite!” and he perished with her name on his tongue. His crimes were great, but was not his temptation greater? Pray we, that we be not tempted!
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dismal
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| adj.阴沉的，凄凉的，令人忧郁的，差劲的 | |
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reign
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| n.统治时期，统治，支配，盛行；v.占优势 | |
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triumphant
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| adj.胜利的，成功的；狂欢的，喜悦的 | |
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rife
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| adj.(指坏事情)充斥的，流行的，普遍的 | |
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dungeon
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| n.地牢，土牢 | |
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languishing
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| a. 衰弱下去的 | |
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fetters
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| n.脚镣( fetter的名词复数 )；束缚v.给…上脚镣，束缚( fetter的第三人称单数 ) | |
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garrison
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| n.卫戍部队；驻地，卫戍区；vt.派(兵)驻防 | |
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garrisons
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| 守备部队，卫戍部队( garrison的名词复数 ) | |
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archers
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| n.弓箭手，射箭运动员( archer的名词复数 ) | |
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vanquished
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| v.征服( vanquish的过去式和过去分词 )；战胜；克服；抑制 | |
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nominally
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| 在名义上，表面地； 应名儿 | |
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sweeping
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| adj.范围广大的，一扫无遗的 | |
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plunder
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| vt.劫掠财物，掠夺；n.劫掠物，赃物；劫掠 | |
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15
plundering
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| 掠夺，抢劫( plunder的现在分词 ) | |
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16
pillaging
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| v.抢劫，掠夺( pillage的现在分词 ) | |
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17
levying
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| 征（兵）( levy的现在分词 )； 索取； 发动（战争）； 征税 | |
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18
renown
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| n.声誉，名望 | |
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19
warfare
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| n.战争(状态)；斗争；冲突 | |
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20
appalling
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| adj.骇人听闻的，令人震惊的，可怕的 | |
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21
victorious
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| adj.胜利的，得胜的 | |
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22
frenzied
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| a.激怒的；疯狂的 | |
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23
brutal
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| adj.残忍的，野蛮的，不讲理的 | |
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24
promptly
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| adv.及时地，敏捷地 | |
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25
unison
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| n.步调一致，行动一致 | |
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26
intimidated
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| v.恐吓；威胁adj.害怕的；受到威胁的 | |
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27
crest
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| n.顶点；饰章；羽冠；vt.达到顶点；vi.形成浪尖 | |
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28
aloof
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| adj.远离的；冷淡的，漠不关心的 | |
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29
isolated
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| adj.与世隔绝的 | |
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30
fortresses
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| 堡垒，要塞( fortress的名词复数 ) | |
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31
atrocities
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| n.邪恶，暴行( atrocity的名词复数 )；滔天大罪 | |
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32
deprivation
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| n.匮乏；丧失；夺去，贫困 | |
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33
infamous
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| adj.声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的，邪恶的 | |
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34
unnatural
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| adj.不自然的；反常的 | |
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35
galling
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| adj.难堪的,使烦恼的,使焦躁的 | |
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36
feudal
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| adj.封建的，封地的，领地的 | |
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37
virgin
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| n.处女，未婚女子；adj.未经使用的；未经开发的 | |
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38
mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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39
abeyance
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| n.搁置，缓办，中止，产权未定 | |
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40
tithes
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| n.（宗教捐税）什一税，什一的教区税，小部分( tithe的名词复数 ) | |
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41
memorable
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| adj.值得回忆的，难忘的，特别的，显著的 | |
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42
persecution
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| n. 迫害,烦扰 | |
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43
miserable
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| adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的 | |
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44
wretches
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| n.不幸的人( wretch的名词复数 )；可怜的人；恶棍；坏蛋 | |
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45
feuds
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| n.长期不和，世仇( feud的名词复数 ) | |
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46
redress
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| n.赔偿，救济，矫正；v.纠正，匡正，革除 | |
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47
sullen
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| adj.愠怒的，闷闷不乐的，(天气等)阴沉的 | |
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48
hearths
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| 壁炉前的地板，炉床，壁炉边( hearth的名词复数 ) | |
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49
asylums
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| n.避难所( asylum的名词复数 )；庇护；政治避难；精神病院 | |
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50
wreaked
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| 诉诸（武力），施行（暴力），发（脾气）( wreak的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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51
dwellers
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| n.居民，居住者( dweller的名词复数 ) | |
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52
inmates
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| n.囚犯( inmate的名词复数 ) | |
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53
innocence
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| n.无罪；天真；无害 | |
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54
virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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55
imploring
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| 恳求的，哀求的 | |
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56
requited
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| v.报答( requite的过去式和过去分词 )；酬谢；回报；报复 | |
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57
tyrants
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| 专制统治者( tyrant的名词复数 )； 暴君似的人； （古希腊的）僭主； 严酷的事物 | |
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58
infamy
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| n.声名狼藉，出丑，恶行 | |
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59
alas
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| int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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60
injustice
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| n.非正义，不公正，不公平，侵犯（别人的）权利 | |
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61
knight
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| n.骑士，武士；爵士 | |
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62
knights
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| 骑士； （中古时代的）武士( knight的名词复数 )； 骑士； 爵士； （国际象棋中）马 | |
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63
chapel
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| n.小教堂，殡仪馆 | |
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64
slain
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| 杀死，宰杀，杀戮( slay的过去分词 )； (slay的过去分词) | |
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65
extremities
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| n.端点( extremity的名词复数 )；尽头；手和足；极窘迫的境地 | |
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66
frantic
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| adj.狂乱的，错乱的，激昂的 | |
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67
conflagration
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| n.建筑物或森林大火 | |
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68
emancipated
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| adj.被解放的，不受约束的v.解放某人（尤指摆脱政治、法律或社会的束缚）( emancipate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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69
extremity
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| n.末端，尽头；尽力；终极；极度 | |
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70
peril
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| n.(严重的)危险；危险的事物 | |
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71
hemmed
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| 缝…的褶边( hem的过去式和过去分词 )； 包围 | |
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72
countless
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| adj.无数的，多得不计其数的 | |
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73
inundation
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| n.the act or fact of overflowing | |
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74
axe
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|
| n.斧子；v.用斧头砍，削减 | |
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75
onward
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|
| adj.向前的，前进的；adv.向前，前进，在先 | |
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76
puissant
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| adj.强有力的 | |
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77
scatheless
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| adj.无损伤的，平安的 | |
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78
hoofs
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| n.（兽的）蹄，马蹄( hoof的名词复数 )v.（兽的）蹄，马蹄( hoof的第三人称单数 ) | |
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79
bard
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| n.吟游诗人 | |
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80
chivalry
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| n.骑士气概，侠义；（男人）对女人彬彬有礼，献殷勤 | |
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81
insurgent
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|
| adj.叛乱的，起事的；n.叛乱分子 | |
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82
rumor
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| n.谣言，谣传，传说 | |
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83
rumored
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|
| adj.传说的，谣传的v.传闻( rumor的过去式和过去分词 )；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷 | |
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84
fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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85
vassals
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| n.奴仆( vassal的名词复数 )；（封建时代）诸侯；从属者；下属 | |
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86
emboldened
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| v.鼓励，使有胆量( embolden的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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87
fortified
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| adj. 加强的 | |
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88
besiege
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|
| vt.包围，围攻，拥在...周围 | |
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89
judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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90
apportioned
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| vt.分摊，分配（apportion的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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91
cavalry
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| n.骑兵；轻装甲部队 | |
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92
enrolling
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| v.招收( enrol的现在分词 )；吸收；入学；加入；[亦作enrol]( enroll的现在分词 )；登记，招收，使入伍（或入会、入学等），参加，成为成员；记入名册；卷起，包起 | |
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93
dagger
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| n.匕首，短剑，剑号 | |
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94
immediate
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| adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的 | |
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95
conjectured
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| 推测，猜测，猜想( conjecture的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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96
sable
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| n.黑貂；adj.黑色的 | |
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97
rumors
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| n.传闻( rumor的名词复数 )；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷v.传闻( rumor的第三人称单数 )；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷 | |
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98
augmenting
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| 使扩张 | |
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99
motive
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|
| n.动机，目的；adv.发动的，运动的 | |
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100
motives
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| n.动机，目的( motive的名词复数 ) | |
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101
vice
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| n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的 | |
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102
plume
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| n.羽毛；v.整理羽毛，骚首弄姿，用羽毛装饰 | |
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103
affixed
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| adj.[医]附着的，附着的v.附加( affix的过去式和过去分词 )；粘贴；加以；盖（印章） | |
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104
fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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105
barb
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| n.（鱼钩等的）倒钩，倒刺 | |
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106
glossy
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| adj.平滑的；有光泽的 | |
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107
acting
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| n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的 | |
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108
dictates
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| n.命令，规定，要求( dictate的名词复数 )v.大声讲或读( dictate的第三人称单数 )；口授；支配；摆布 | |
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109
whim
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| n.一时的兴致，突然的念头；奇想，幻想 | |
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110
license
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| n.执照，许可证，特许；v.许可，特许 | |
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111
promiscuous
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| adj.杂乱的，随便的 | |
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112
subsisting
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| v.（靠很少的钱或食物）维持生活，生存下去( subsist的现在分词 ) | |
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113
trespassing
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| [法]非法入侵 | |
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114
systematic
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| adj.有系统的，有计划的，有方法的 | |
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115
vengeance
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| n.报复，报仇，复仇 | |
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116
pinnacles
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| 顶峰( pinnacle的名词复数 )； 顶点； 尖顶； 小尖塔 | |
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117
tempted
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| v.怂恿（某人）干不正当的事；冒…的险（tempt的过去分词） | |
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118
rigidly
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| adv.刻板地，僵化地 | |
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119
determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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120
vow
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| n.誓(言)，誓约；v.起誓，立誓 | |
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121
binding
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| 有约束力的，有效的，应遵守的 | |
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122
vein
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| n.血管，静脉；叶脉，纹理；情绪；vt.使成脉络 | |
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123
repulsed
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| v.击退( repulse的过去式和过去分词 )；驳斥；拒绝 | |
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124
passionate
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| adj.热情的，热烈的，激昂的，易动情的，易怒的，性情暴躁的 | |
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125
entreaties
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| n.恳求，乞求( entreaty的名词复数 ) | |
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126
maiden
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| n.少女，处女；adj.未婚的，纯洁的，无经验的 | |
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127
boon
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| n.恩赐，恩物，恩惠 | |
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128
verging
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| 接近，逼近（verge的现在分词形式） | |
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129
bleached
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| 漂白的，晒白的，颜色变浅的 | |
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130
plumes
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| 羽毛( plume的名词复数 )； 羽毛饰； 羽毛状物； 升上空中的羽状物 | |
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131
doom
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| n.厄运，劫数；v.注定，命定 | |
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132
disturbance
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| n.动乱，骚动；打扰，干扰；(身心)失调 | |
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133
avocations
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| n.业余爱好，嗜好( avocation的名词复数 )；职业 | |
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134
dependants
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| 受赡养者，受扶养的家属( dependant的名词复数 ) | |
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135
hideous
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| adj.丑陋的，可憎的，可怕的，恐怖的 | |
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136
garb
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| n.服装，装束 | |
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137
azure
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| adj.天蓝色的，蔚蓝色的 | |
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138
vocal
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| adj.直言不讳的；嗓音的；n.[pl.]声乐节目 | |
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139
cavalcade
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| n.车队等的行列 | |
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140
grooms
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| n.新郎( groom的名词复数 )；马夫v.照料或梳洗（马等）( groom的第三人称单数 )；使做好准备；训练；（给动物）擦洗 | |
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141
fretting
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| n. 微振磨损 adj. 烦躁的, 焦虑的 | |
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142
leashes
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| n.拴猎狗的皮带( leash的名词复数 ) | |
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143
hawks
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| 鹰( hawk的名词复数 )； 鹰派人物，主战派人物 | |
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144
falcons
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| n.猎鹰( falcon的名词复数 ) | |
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145
thongs
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| 的东西 | |
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146
gallant
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| adj.英勇的，豪侠的；(向女人)献殷勤的 | |
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147
distinctive
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| adj.特别的，有特色的，与众不同的 | |
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148
rendering
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| n.表现，描写 | |
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149
penal
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| adj.刑罚的；刑法上的 | |
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150
velvet
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| n.丝绒，天鹅绒；adj.丝绒制的，柔软的 | |
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151
rustled
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| v.发出沙沙的声音( rustle的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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152
gem
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| n.宝石，珠宝；受爱戴的人 [同]jewel | |
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153
utterly
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| adv.完全地，绝对地 | |
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154
complexion
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| n.肤色；情况，局面；气质，性格 | |
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155
suffused
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| v.（指颜色、水气等）弥漫于，布满( suffuse的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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156
tinge
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| vt.(较淡)着色于，染色；使带有…气息；n.淡淡色彩，些微的气息 | |
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157
hues
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| 色彩( hue的名词复数 )； 色调； 信仰； 观点 | |
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158
formerly
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| adv.从前，以前 | |
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159
idol
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| n.偶像，红人，宠儿 | |
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160
detested
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| v.憎恶，嫌恶，痛恨( detest的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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161
foul
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| adj.污秽的；邪恶的；v.弄脏；妨害；犯规；n.犯规 | |
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162
vices
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| 缺陷( vice的名词复数 )； 恶习； 不道德行为； 台钳 | |
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163
solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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164
peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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165
chivalrous
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| adj.武士精神的；对女人彬彬有礼的 | |
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166
scathed
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| v.伤害，损害（尤指使之枯萎）( scathe的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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167
furrowed
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| v.犁田，开沟( furrow的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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168
habitual
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| adj.习惯性的；通常的，惯常的 | |
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169
fiery
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| adj.燃烧着的，火红的；暴躁的；激烈的 | |
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170
corrupt
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| v.贿赂，收买；adj.腐败的，贪污的 | |
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171
accomplished
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| adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的 | |
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172
perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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173
devoid
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| adj.全无的，缺乏的 | |
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174
ardent
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| adj.热情的，热烈的，强烈的，烈性的 | |
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175
pervading
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| v.遍及，弥漫( pervade的现在分词 ) | |
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176
baron
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| n.男爵；(商业界等)巨头，大王 | |
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177
dense
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| a.密集的，稠密的，浓密的；密度大的 | |
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178
rivulet
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| n.小溪，小河 | |
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179
pebbly
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| 多卵石的，有卵石花纹的 | |
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180
hawthorn
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| 山楂 | |
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181
margin
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| n.页边空白；差额；余地，余裕；边，边缘 | |
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182
willow
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| n.柳树 | |
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183
alder
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| n.赤杨树 | |
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184
thickets
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| n.灌木丛( thicket的名词复数 )；丛状物 | |
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185
degenerated
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| 衰退，堕落，退化( degenerate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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186
gorge
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| n.咽喉，胃，暴食，山峡；v.塞饱，狼吞虎咽地吃 | |
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187
umbrage
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| n.不快；树荫 | |
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188
outskirts
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| n.郊外，郊区 | |
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189
jaws
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| n.口部；嘴 | |
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190
rustic
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| adj.乡村的，有乡村特色的；n.乡下人，乡巴佬 | |
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191
canopy
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| n.天篷，遮篷 | |
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192
slated
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| 用石板瓦盖( slate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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193
carvings
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| n.雕刻( carving的名词复数 )；雕刻术；雕刻品；雕刻物 | |
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194
gushing
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| adj.迸出的；涌出的；喷出的；过分热情的v.喷，涌( gush的现在分词 )；滔滔不绝地说话 | |
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195
surmounted
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| 战胜( surmount的过去式和过去分词 )； 克服（困难）； 居于…之上； 在…顶上 | |
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196
vaulted
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| adj.拱状的 | |
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197
superstitious
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| adj.迷信的 | |
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198
rustics
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| n.有农村或村民特色的( rustic的名词复数 )；粗野的；不雅的；用粗糙的木材或树枝制作的 | |
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199
tranquil
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| adj. 安静的, 宁静的, 稳定的, 不变的 | |
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200
sequestered
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|
| adj.扣押的；隐退的；幽静的；偏僻的v.使隔绝，使隔离( sequester的过去式和过去分词 )；扣押 | |
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201
seizure
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| n.没收；占有；抵押 | |
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202
benediction
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| n.祝福；恩赐 | |
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203
conversing
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| v.交谈，谈话( converse的现在分词 ) | |
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204
joyously
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| ad.快乐地, 高兴地 | |
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205
saluted
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| v.欢迎，致敬( salute的过去式和过去分词 )；赞扬，赞颂 | |
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206
bugle
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| n.军号，号角，喇叭；v.吹号，吹号召集 | |
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207
vindictively
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| adv.恶毒地；报复地 | |
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208
infraction
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| n.违反；违法 | |
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209
inflamed
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| adj.发炎的，红肿的v.（使）变红，发怒，过热( inflame的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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210
gallop
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| v./n.(马或骑马等)飞奔；飞速发展 | |
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211
vehement
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| adj.感情强烈的；热烈的；(人)有强烈感情的 | |
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212
slaughtering
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| v.屠杀，杀戮，屠宰( slaughter的现在分词 ) | |
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213
wield
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| vt.行使，运用，支配；挥，使用(武器等) | |
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214
solitude
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| n. 孤独; 独居,荒僻之地,幽静的地方 | |
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215
turmoil
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| n.骚乱，混乱，动乱 | |
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216
eminence
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| n.卓越，显赫；高地，高处；名家 | |
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217
knightly
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| adj. 骑士般的 adv. 骑士般地 | |
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218
slung
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| 抛( sling的过去式和过去分词 )； 吊挂； 遣送； 押往 | |
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219
ponderous
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| adj.沉重的，笨重的，(文章)冗长的 | |
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220
apparition
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| n.幽灵，神奇的现象 | |
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221
simultaneously
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| adv.同时发生地，同时进行地 | |
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222
entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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223
defensive
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| adj.防御的；防卫的；防守的 | |
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225
hempen
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| adj. 大麻制的, 大麻的 | |
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226
conspicuous
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| adj.明眼的，惹人注目的；炫耀的，摆阔气的 | |
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227
paternal
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| adj.父亲的，像父亲的，父系的，父方的 | |
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228
kinsman
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| n.男亲属 | |
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229
slaughtered
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| v.屠杀，杀戮，屠宰( slaughter的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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230
followers
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| 追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件 | |
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231
outright
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| adv.坦率地；彻底地；立即；adj.无疑的；彻底的 | |
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232
severely
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| adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地 | |
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233
costly
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| adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的 | |
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234
betrothed
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| n. 已订婚者 动词betroth的过去式和过去分词 | |
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235
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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236
implicitly
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| adv. 含蓄地, 暗中地, 毫不保留地 | |
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237
compliance
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| n.顺从；服从；附和；屈从 | |
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238
abode
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| n.住处，住所 | |
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239
winding
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| n.绕，缠，绕组，线圈 | |
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240
dread
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| vt.担忧，忧虑；惧怕，不敢；n.担忧，畏惧 | |
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241
chamber
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| n.房间，寝室；会议厅；议院；会所 | |
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242
outrageous
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| adj.无理的，令人不能容忍的 | |
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243
warrior
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| n.勇士，武士，斗士 | |
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244
resolute
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| adj.坚决的，果敢的 | |
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245
scowl
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| vi.(at)生气地皱眉，沉下脸，怒视；n.怒容 | |
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246
avenger
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| n. 复仇者 | |
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247
avenged
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| v.为…复仇，报…之仇( avenge的过去式和过去分词 )；为…报复 | |
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248
ingenuity
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| n.别出心裁；善于发明创造 | |
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249
corpse
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| n.尸体，死尸 | |
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250
scourged
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| 鞭打( scourge的过去式和过去分词 )； 惩罚，压迫 | |
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251
literally
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| adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实 | |
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252
plunged
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| v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降 | |
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253
afterward
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| adv.后来；以后 | |
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254
renowned
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| adj.著名的，有名望的，声誉鹊起的 | |
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