The streets presented a scene of unwonted activity; and Franklin street—the promenade8 par2 excellence9, vied with "the avenue" in the character and variety of the crowds that thronged11 its pavement. The majority of the promenaders were officers, their uniforms contrasting brightly with the more quiet dresses around. While many of them were strangers, and the peculiarities13 of every State showed in the faces that passed in rapid panorama14, yet numbers of "Richmond boys" came back for a short holiday; almost every one bringing his laurels15 and his commission.
My friend, Wyatt, had kept his laughing promise, and showed me a captain's bars. General Breckinridge had found him hiding in the ranks, and had added A.A.G. to his title.
"Knew it, old man!" was his comment—"Virtue must be rewarded—merit, like water, will find its level. Captain Wyatt, A.A.G.—demnition neat, eh? Now, I'll be here a month, and we must do something in the social line. I find the women still industry mad; but the sewing-circles get up small dullabilities—'danceable teas,' as papa Dodd abroad calls them. They're not splendid to a used-up man, like you—not Paris nor yet Washington, but they'll show you our people."
And Wyatt was right. The people of Richmond had at first held up their hands in holy horror at the mere17 mention of amusement! What! with a war in the land must people enjoy themselves? Never! it would be heartless!
But human nature in Virginia is pretty much like human nature everywhere else; and bad as the war was, people gradually got used to "the situation." They had lost friends—a relation or two was pretty badly marked perhaps—but what glory the tens and hundreds left had gained! There was no fighting now; and the poor fellows in camp would be only too glad to know that their brothers-in-arms were being paid for their toils18 by the smiles of the fair. The great majority of the strangers, too, were young men who had been recommended to the mercy of the society by these very sufferers in camp.
Gradually these influences worked—the younger and gayer people indulged in the "danceable teas," Wyatt spoke19 of, after their sewing-circles. Imperceptibly the sewing was left for other times; and by Christmas there was a more constant—if less formal and general—round of gaiety than had been known for years. This brought the citizens and strangers more together, and naturally the result was a long season of more regular parties and unprecedented20 gaiety. Many still frowned at this, and, as usual, made unhappy Washington the scapegoat—averring that her pernicious example of heartlessness and frivolity21 had worked the evil.
These rigid22 Romans staid at home and worked on zealously23 in their manufacture of warm clothing, deformed24 socks and impossible gloves for the soldier boys. All honor to them for their constancy, if they thought they were right, and the harmless gaiety wrong; and they fought the good fight, from behind their abatis of knitting needles, only with the innocent weapons of tongue and precept25. But human nature and inclination26 still held their own; and there were many defections from the ranks of the elect, to those of the more practical—and probably equally well-intentioned—pleasure-seekers.
But parties were by no means the only resource for pleasure-lovers. Anything that combined amusement and put dollars in the treasuries27 of charitable societies became the rage; and here the rigidly28 virtuous29 and the non-elect met on neutral ground. Among the amateurs of the city were some who would have taken high rank in any musical circle, and these gave a series of concerts for the benefit of distressed30 families of the soldiers. The performers were the most fashionable of the society; and, of course, the judgment31 of their friends—who crowded to overflowing32 the churches where the concerts were held—was not to be relied on. But critics from New Orleans and all parts of the South declared the performances creditable to any city. After them the audience broke up into little cliques33 and had the jolliest little suppers the winter produced, with the inevitable34 "lancers" until the smallest of small hours.
Then, there were charades35 and tableaux36 parties; while a few—more ambitious of histrionic fame—got up private theatricals37. Altogether, in the gay set, the first winter of the war was one to be written in red letters, for old Richmond rang with a chime of merry laughter that for the time drowned the echo of the summer's fights and the groans38 of the wayside hospitals.
One unique point in the society of Richmond struck me with a constantly recurring39 surprise. I could not get accustomed to the undisputed supremacy40 of the unmarried element that almost entirely41 composed it. It constantly seemed to me that the young people had seized the society while their elders' heads were turned, and had run away with it for a brief space; and I always looked to see older people come in, with reproof42 upon their brows, and take charge of it again. But I looked in vain. One day at a dinner, I remarked this to my next neighbor; suggesting that it was only because of the war. She was one of the most charming women the society could boast—scarcely more than a bride, just out of her teens, beautiful, accomplished43 and very gay.
"Strangers always remark this," she answered; "but it is not the result of the war, or of the influx44 of strangers, as you suppose. Since I can remember, only unmarried people have been allowed to go to parties by the tyrants45 of seventeen who control them. We married folks do the requisite46 amount of visiting and teaing-out; and sometimes even rise in our wrath47 and come out to dinner. But as for a party—no! As soon as a girl is married, she must make up her mind to pay her bridal visits, dance a few weeks upon sufferance and then fold up her party dresses. No matter how young, how pretty, or how pleasant she may be, the Nemesis48 pursues her and she must succumb49. The pleasant Indian idea of taking old people to the river bank and leaving them for the tide, is overstrictly carried out by our celibate50 Brahmins. Marriage is our Ganges. Don't you wonder how we ever dare to declare ourselves old enough?"
I did wonder; for it had always been a hobby of mine that a certain amount of the married leaven51 was necessary in every society to give it tone and stamina52. Though the French principle of excluding young ladies from all social intercourse53, and giving the patent of society to Madame, may be productive of more harm than good, the converse54 seems equally objectionable. I can recollect55 no society in which some of the most pleasant memories do not center around the intercourse with its married portion. Richmond is no exception to the rule. In the South, women marry younger than in the colder states; and it often happens that the very brightest and most attractive points of character do not mature until an age when they have gotten their establishment. The education of the Virginia girl is so very different in all essential points from that of the northerner of the same station, that she is far behind her in self-reliance and aplomb56. There is, doubtless, much in native character, but more in early surroundings and the habit of education. The southerner, more languid and emotional, but less self-dependent—even if equally "up in" showier accomplishments—is not formed to shine most at an early stage of her social career. Firmer foothold and more intimate knowledge of its intricacies are necessary to her, before she takes her place as a woman of the world.
Hence, I was much puzzled to account for the patent fact that the better matured of its flowers should be so entirely suppressed, in the Richmond bouquet57, by the half-opened buds. These latter, doubtless, gave a charming promise of bloom and fragrance58 when they came to their full; but too early they left an effect of immaturity59 and crudity60 upon the sense of the unaccustomed. Yet Richmond had written over the portals of its society: Who enters here no spouse61 must leave behind! and the law was of the Medan. A stranger within their gates had no right to cavil62 at a time-honored custom; but not one could spend a winter week in the good old town, and fail to have this sense of unfinishedness in her society fabric63.
The fair daughters of the Capital are second to none in beauty, grace and the higher charm of pure womanhood. Any assembly showed fresh, bright and gentle faces, with constant pretty ones, and an occasional marked beauty. There is a peculiar12, lithe64 grace, normal to the South, that is hard to describe; and, on the whole, even when not beautiful, there is a je ne sais quoi that renders her women very attractive.
The male element at parties ranged from passé beau to the boy with the down still on his cheek—ancient bachelors and young husbands alike had the open sesame. But if a married lady, however young in years or wifehood, passed the forbidden limits by accident—V? victis!
She was soon made to feel that the sphere of the mated was pantry or nursery—not the ball-room. To stranger dames—if young and lively—justice a little less stern was meted65; but even they, after a few offenses66, were made to feel how hard is the way of the transgressor67.
In a community like Richmond, where every one in the circle had played together in childhood, or was equally intimate, such a state of things might readily obtain. In a larger city, never. It spoke volumes for the purity and simplicity68 of the society that for years it had gone on thus, and no necessity for any matronage had been felt. But now the case was different—a large promiscuous69 element of military guests was thrown into it; and it struck all that society must change its primitive70 habit.
The village custom still prevailed in this—a gentleman could call for a lady—take her in his charge alone and without any chaperone—to a party and bring her back at the "we sma' hours." This was not only well, as long as the "Jeanette and Jenot" state of society prevailed, but it told convincingly the whole story of the honest truth of men and women. But with the sudden influx—when a wolf might so readily have imitated the guise71 of the lamb—a slight hedge of form could in no manner have intimated a necessity for it. Yet Richmond, in the proud consciousness of her simple purity, disdained72 all such precautions; and the informalities of the country town obtained in the salons73 of the nation's Capital.
But parties were not the only hospitalities the wanderers received at the hands of the Virginians. In no state in the country one becomes domesticated74 so soon as in the Old Dominion75. You may come to any of its towns a perfect stranger, but with a name known to one prominent citizen, or fortified76 with a few letters from the right source, and in a time astonishingly short you find yourself at home. This has been time out of mind Virginian custom; and as Richmond is but a condensation77 of all that is Virginian, it prevailed here as well. If the stranger did not give himself up to the whirl and yield himself, "rescue or no rescue," to the lance of the unmarried, he could find, behind the chevaux de frise of clashing knitting-needles, the most genial78 welcome and most whole-souled hospitality.
"Stupid party last night—too full," criticised Wyatt, as he lounged in my room one morning. "You seemed bored, old man, though I saw you with Nell H. Desperate flirt79—pretty, too! But take my advice; let her alone. It don't pay to flirt."—The ten years between the captain and myself were to my credit on Time's ledger—"It's all very well to stick up your pennon and ride gaily80 into the lists to break a lance with all comers. Society cries laissez aller! and her old dowagers shower largesse81. Presto82! my boy, and you find your back on the grass and your heels in the air. But I've some steady-going cousins I want to introduce you to. Suit you exactly."
Confound the boy! Where did he get that idea? But I was introduced to the "steady-going cousins" and to me now the Richmond of memory begins and ends in their circle. The jovial83, pleasant family dinner around the old-time board; the consciousness of ready welcome to the social fireside, or partake of the muffin at eight, or the punch—brewed very near Father Tom's receipt—at midnight. Then the never-to-be-forgotten coterie84 of the brightest women of the day under the shaded droplight, in the long winter evenings! And none were excluded by the "steady goers" because they had committed matrimony. They did quantities of work that season; baskets of socks, bales of shirts and boxes of gloves, in numbers marvelous to see, went from that quiet circle to warm the frozen hands and feet, keeping watch and ward16 for them. And the simple words of cheer and love that went with them must have warmed hearts far colder than beat under the rough shirts they sent.
And never did the genial current of talk—sometimes chatty, sometimes brilliant—flag for a moment. The foremost men of government and army were admitted, and I doubt if ever the most ardent85 of the unmarried—wilting in the lancers, or deliquescing in the deux temps—found very much more genuine enjoyment86 than the "easy goers," over their distorted socks and impracticable gloves.
They talked of books, events and people, and no doubt gossiped hugely; but though some of the habitués were on the shady side of thirty and were sedately87 walking in the quiet parts of spinsterhood, I never heard one bitter—far less one scandalous, word!
Ferat qui meruit palmam! Let the green leaves adorn88 those wonderful women!
But the novelty most remarked in the society of this winter was the household of President Davis. Soon after the Government was firmly established in Richmond, the State of Virginia placed at his disposal a plain but comfortable house; and here—with only the ladies of his family and his private secretary—he lived with the quiet simplicity of a private citizen.
It will hardly be invading her sacra privata to say that the President's lady did everything to remove false ideas that sprung up regarding the social atmosphere of the "Executive Mansion89." She was "at home" every evening; and, collecting round her a staff that numbered some of the most noted90 men and brilliant women both of the stranger and resident society, assured all her varied91 guests a warm welcome and a pleasant visit. In this circle Mr. Davis would, after the trying business of the day, give himself an hour's relaxation92 before entering on labors93 that went far into the night; and favored friends and chance visitors alike here met the man, where they expected the official.
Austere94 and thoughtful at all times, rarely unbending to show the vein95 of humor hidden deep under his stern exterior96, and having besides "the divinity that doth hedge" even a republican president, Mr. Davis was never calculated for personal popularity. Even in the early days of his career he forced by his higher qualities—rather than sought by the arts of a trickster—the suffrages97 of his people; and they continued to cast their shells for him, even while they clamored that he was "the Just."
Whatever grave errors reflecting criticisms may lay at his door; whatever share in the ruin of the South, the future historians may ascribe to his unswerving self-will and unvarying faith in his own power—no one who traces his career from West Point to the New Saint Helena—will call them failings of the demagogue.
In these informal receptions of his lady, Mr. Davis said little; listening to the varied flow of talk that showed her equally cognizant and appreciative98 of social, literary and sterner topics. For the edification of the gayer visitor, she related odd experiences of her public life, with rare power of description and admirable flashes of humor. She discussed the latest book with some of the small littérateurs with whom she was infested99; or talked knowingly of the last picture, or the newest opera, faint echoes from which might elude100 the grim blockaders on the coast.
Mr. Davis spoke little, seeming to find a refreshing101 element in her talk, that—as she pithily102 said of some one else—was like tea, that cheers but not inebriates103. Occasionally he clinched104 an argument, or gave a keener point to an idea by a short, strong sentence.
After all had partaken of the cup of tea handed round informally, Mr. Davis retired105 to his study and once more donned his armor for battle with the giants without and the dwarfs106 within his territory.
These informal "evenings" began to grow popular with the better class of Virginians, and tended to a much more cordial tone between the citizens and their chief. They were broken by bi-monthly "levees," at which Mr. and Mrs. Davis received "the world and his wife."
But the formal "levee" was a Washington custom and smacked107 too much of the "old concern" to become very popular, although curiosity to see the man of the hour and to assist at an undress review of the celebrities108 of the new nation, thronged the parlors109 each fortnight. A military band was always in attendance; the chiefs of cabinet and bureaux moved about the crowd; and generals—who had already won names to live forever—passed, with small hands resting lightly on their chevrons110, and bright eyes speaking most eloquently111 that old truism about who best deserve the fair.
More than once that winter General Johnston moved through the rooms—followed by all eyes and calling up memories of subtle strategy and hard-won victory. Sometimes the burly form of Longstreet appeared, ever surrounded by those "little people" in whom he delighted; and the blonde beard of Hood—whose name already began to shine with promise of its future brilliance—towered over the throng10 of leading editors, "senior wranglers112" from both houses of Congress, and dancing men wasting their time in the vain effort to talk.
But not only the chosen ten thousand were called. Sturdy artisans, with their best coats and hands scrubbed to the proper point of cleanliness for shaking the President's, were always there. Moneyed men came, with speculation113 in their eyes, and lobby members trying to throw dust therein; while country visitors—having screwed their courage up to the desperate point of being presented—always dropped Mr. Davis' hand as if its not over-cordial grasp burned them.
But the "levees" on the whole, if odd exhibitions, were at least useful in letting the "dear public" have a little glimpse of the inner workings of the great machine of government. And they proved, even more than the social evenings, the ease of right with which Varina Howell Davis wore her title of "the first lady in the land."
The men of Richmond have spoken for themselves. They wrote the history of their class when they came forward—one and all, to sacrifice ease—affluence—life for the cause they felt to be just. There were some, as I shall hereafter endeavor to show, who were dwellers114 with them, but were not of them. These did nothing and gave nothing willingly for a cause in which they saw only a speculation. This is not the place to speak of such. They belong not to the goodly company of those who—whatever their weaknesses, or even their errors—proclaimed themselves honest men and chivalric115 gentlemen.
The young men of the whole South are off-hand and impulsive116; either naturally careless in pecuniary117 matters, or made so by habit. Sowing wild oats is an almost universal piece of farming; and the crop is as luxuriant in the mountains of Virginia as in the overflowed118 lands of Louisiana.
Perhaps in Richmond they were not now seen from the most advantageous119 point of view. They were generally young planters from the country, reckless, jovial and prone120 to the lighter121 dissipations; or the young business and professional men, who rebounded122 from the routine of their former lives into a little extra rapidity. One and all—for the eyes they sought would not have looked upon them else—they had gone into the army; had fought and wrought123 well; and now with little to do, boon124 companionship and any amount of petting, they were paying for it. The constant strain of excitement produced much dissipation certainly—but it seldom took the reprehensible125 form of rowdyism and debauch126. Some men drank deeply—at dinners, at balls and at bar-rooms; some gambled, as Virginians always had gambled—gaily, recklessly and for ruinous stakes. But find them where you would, there was about the men a careless pervading127 bonhomie and a natural high tone resistlessly attractive, yet speaking them worthy128 descendants of the "Golden Horse Shoe Knights129."
As yet the influence of the Government was little felt socially. The presence of a large congregation of army men from the various camps had given an impetus to gaiety it would not otherwise have known; but this was all. There was little change in the habits and tone of social intercourse. The black shadow of Washington had not yet begun to spread itself, and its corrupt130 breath had not yet polluted the atmosphere of the good old town.
The presence of Congress, with its ten thousand followers131, would hardly be considered as elevating anywhere. There is an odor of tobacco—of rum—of discredit—of anything but sanctity about the American politician that makes his vicinage unpleasant and unprofitable.
Congress had met in the quiet halls of the Virginia legislature. At first all Richmond flocked thither132, crowding galleries and lobbies to see the might and intellect of the new nation in its most august aspect; to be refreshed and strengthened by the full streams that flowed from that powerful but pure and placid133 fountain; to hear words that would animate134 the faint and urge the ready to braver and higher deeds.
Perhaps they did not hear all this; for after a little they stopped going, and the might and majesty135 of the new giant's intellect was left severely136 to itself. Of the herd137 of camp-followers who over-flowed the hotels and filled the streets, little note was taken. An occasional curious stare—a semi-occasional inquiry138 as to who they were—and they passed even up Franklin street without more remark. To the really worthy in government or army, the cordial hand of honest welcome was extended.
The society unvaryingly showed its appreciation139 of excellence of intellect or character, and such as were known, or found to possess it, were at once received on the footing of old friends. But on the whole, the sentiment of the city was not in favor of the run of the new comers. The leaders of society kept somewhat aloof140, and the general population gave them the sidewalk. It was as though a stately and venerable charger, accustomed for years to graze in a comfortable pasture, were suddenly intruded141 on by an unsteady and vicious drove of bad manners and low degree. The thoroughbred can only condescend142 to turn away.
Willing as they were to undergo anything for the cause, the Virginians could not have relished143 the savor144 of the new importations; nor can one who knows the least of the very unclean nature of our national politics for a moment wonder.
Montgomery had been a condensed and desiccated preparation of the Washington stew145, highly flavored with the raciest vices146. Richmond enjoyed the same mess, with perhaps an additional kernel147 or two of that garlic.
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bustle
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| v.喧扰地忙乱，匆忙，奔忙；n.忙碌；喧闹 | |
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par
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| n.标准，票面价值，平均数量；adj.票面的，平常的，标准的 | |
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cramped
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| a.狭窄的 | |
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impetus
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| n.推动，促进，刺激；推动力 | |
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plodded
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| v.沉重缓慢地走（路）( plod的过去式和过去分词 )；努力从事；沉闷地苦干；缓慢进行（尤指艰难枯燥的工作） | |
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moldy
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| adj.发霉的 | |
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gourd
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| n.葫芦 | |
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promenade
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| n./v.散步 | |
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excellence
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| n.优秀，杰出，(pl.)优点，美德 | |
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throng
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| n.人群，群众；v.拥挤，群集 | |
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thronged
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| v.成群，挤满( throng的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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peculiarities
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| n. 特质, 特性, 怪癖, 古怪 | |
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panorama
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| n.全景，全景画，全景摄影，全景照片[装置] | |
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laurels
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| n.桂冠，荣誉 | |
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ward
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| n.守卫，监护，病房，行政区，由监护人或法院保护的人（尤指儿童）；vt.守护，躲开 | |
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mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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toils
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| 网 | |
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spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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unprecedented
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| adj.无前例的，新奇的 | |
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frivolity
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| n.轻松的乐事，兴高采烈；轻浮的举止 | |
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rigid
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| adj.严格的，死板的；刚硬的，僵硬的 | |
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zealously
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| adv.热心地；热情地；积极地；狂热地 | |
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deformed
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| adj.畸形的；变形的；丑的，破相了的 | |
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precept
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inclination
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| n.倾斜；点头；弯腰；斜坡；倾度；倾向；爱好 | |
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treasuries
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| n.（政府的）财政部( treasury的名词复数 )；国库，金库 | |
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rigidly
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| adv.刻板地，僵化地 | |
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virtuous
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| adj.有品德的，善良的，贞洁的，有效力的 | |
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distressed
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| 痛苦的 | |
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judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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overflowing
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| n. 溢出物,溢流 adj. 充沛的，充满的 动词overflow的现在分词形式 | |
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cliques
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| n.小集团，小圈子，派系( clique的名词复数 ) | |
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inevitable
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| adj.不可避免的，必然发生的 | |
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charades
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| n.伪装( charade的名词复数 )；猜字游戏 | |
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tableaux
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| n.舞台造型，（由活人扮演的）静态画面、场面；人构成的画面或场景( tableau的名词复数 )；舞台造型；戏剧性的场面；绚丽的场景 | |
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theatricals
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| n.（业余性的）戏剧演出，舞台表演艺术；职业演员；戏剧的( theatrical的名词复数 )；剧场的；炫耀的；戏剧性的 | |
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groans
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| n.呻吟，叹息( groan的名词复数 )；呻吟般的声音v.呻吟( groan的第三人称单数 )；发牢骚；抱怨；受苦 | |
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recurring
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| adj.往复的，再次发生的 | |
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supremacy
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| n.至上；至高权力 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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reproof
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| n.斥责，责备 | |
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43
accomplished
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| adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的 | |
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44
influx
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| n.流入，注入 | |
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45
tyrants
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| 专制统治者( tyrant的名词复数 )； 暴君似的人； （古希腊的）僭主； 严酷的事物 | |
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46
requisite
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| adj.需要的，必不可少的；n.必需品 | |
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47
wrath
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| n.愤怒，愤慨，暴怒 | |
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48
nemesis
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| n.给以报应者，复仇者，难以对付的敌手 | |
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49
succumb
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| v.屈服，屈从；死 | |
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50
celibate
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| adj.独身的，独身主义的；n.独身者 | |
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51
leaven
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| v.使发酵；n.酵母；影响 | |
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52
stamina
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| n.体力；精力；耐力 | |
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53
intercourse
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| n.性交；交流，交往，交际 | |
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54
converse
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| vi.谈话，谈天，闲聊；adv.相反的，相反 | |
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55
recollect
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| v.回忆，想起，记起，忆起，记得 | |
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56
aplomb
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| n.沉着，镇静 | |
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57
bouquet
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| n.花束，酒香 | |
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58
fragrance
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| n.芬芳，香味，香气 | |
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59
immaturity
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| n.不成熟；未充分成长；未成熟；粗糙 | |
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60
crudity
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| n.粗糙，生硬；adj.粗略的 | |
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61
spouse
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| n.配偶(指夫或妻) | |
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62
cavil
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| v.挑毛病，吹毛求疵 | |
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63
fabric
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| n.织物，织品，布；构造，结构，组织 | |
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64
lithe
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| adj.(指人、身体)柔软的，易弯的 | |
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65
meted
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| v.（对某人）施以，给予（处罚等）( mete的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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66
offenses
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| n.进攻( offense的名词复数 )；（球队的）前锋；进攻方法；攻势 | |
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67
transgressor
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| n.违背者 | |
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68
simplicity
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| n.简单，简易；朴素；直率，单纯 | |
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69
promiscuous
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| adj.杂乱的，随便的 | |
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70
primitive
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| adj.原始的；简单的；n.原(始)人，原始事物 | |
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71
guise
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| n.外表，伪装的姿态 | |
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72
disdained
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| 鄙视( disdain的过去式和过去分词 )； 不屑于做，不愿意做 | |
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73
salons
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| n.（营业性质的）店( salon的名词复数 )；厅；沙龙（旧时在上流社会女主人家的例行聚会或聚会场所）；（大宅中的）客厅 | |
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74
domesticated
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| adj.喜欢家庭生活的；（指动物）被驯养了的v.驯化( domesticate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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75
dominion
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| n.统治，管辖，支配权；领土，版图 | |
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76
fortified
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| adj. 加强的 | |
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77
condensation
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| n.压缩，浓缩；凝结的水珠 | |
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78
genial
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| adj.亲切的，和蔼的，愉快的，脾气好的 | |
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79
flirt
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| v.调情，挑逗，调戏；n.调情者，卖俏者 | |
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80
gaily
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| adv.欢乐地，高兴地 | |
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81
largesse
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| n.慷慨援助，施舍 | |
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82
presto
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| adv.急速地；n.急板乐段；adj.急板的 | |
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83
jovial
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| adj.快乐的，好交际的 | |
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84
coterie
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| n.(有共同兴趣的)小团体，小圈子 | |
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85
ardent
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| adj.热情的，热烈的，强烈的，烈性的 | |
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86
enjoyment
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| n.乐趣；享有；享用 | |
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87
sedately
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| adv.镇静地，安详地 | |
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88
adorn
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| vt.使美化，装饰 | |
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89
mansion
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| n.大厦，大楼；宅第 | |
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90
noted
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| adj.著名的，知名的 | |
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91
varied
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| adj.多样的，多变化的 | |
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92
relaxation
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| n.松弛，放松；休息；消遣；娱乐 | |
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93
labors
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| v.努力争取(for)( labor的第三人称单数 )；苦干；详细分析；（指引擎）缓慢而困难地运转 | |
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94
austere
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| adj.艰苦的；朴素的，朴实无华的；严峻的 | |
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95
vein
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| n.血管，静脉；叶脉，纹理；情绪；vt.使成脉络 | |
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96
exterior
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| adj.外部的，外在的；表面的 | |
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97
suffrages
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| （政治性选举的）选举权，投票权( suffrage的名词复数 ) | |
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98
appreciative
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| adj.有鉴赏力的，有眼力的；感激的 | |
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99
infested
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| adj.为患的，大批滋生的（常与with搭配）v.害虫、野兽大批出没于( infest的过去式和过去分词 )；遍布于 | |
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100
elude
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| v.躲避，困惑 | |
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101
refreshing
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| adj.使精神振作的，使人清爽的，使人喜欢的 | |
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102
pithily
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| adv.有力地，简洁地 | |
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103
inebriates
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| vt.使酒醉，灌醉（inebriate的第三人称单数形式） | |
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104
clinched
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| v.（尤指两人）互相紧紧抱[扭]住( clinch的过去式和过去分词 )；解决（争端、交易），达成（协议） | |
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105
retired
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| adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的 | |
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106
dwarfs
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| n.侏儒，矮子（dwarf的复数形式）vt.（使）显得矮小（dwarf的第三人称单数形式） | |
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107
smacked
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| 拍，打，掴( smack的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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108
celebrities
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| n.（尤指娱乐界的）名人( celebrity的名词复数 )；名流；名声；名誉 | |
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109
parlors
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| 客厅( parlor的名词复数 )； 起居室； （旅馆中的）休息室； （通常用来构成合成词）店 | |
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110
chevrons
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| n.（警察或士兵所佩带以示衔级的）∧形或∨形标志( chevron的名词复数 ) | |
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111
eloquently
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| adv. 雄辩地(有口才地, 富于表情地) | |
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112
wranglers
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| n.争执人( wrangler的名词复数 )；在争吵的人；（尤指放马的）牧人；牛仔 | |
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113
speculation
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| n.思索，沉思；猜测；投机 | |
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114
dwellers
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| n.居民，居住者( dweller的名词复数 ) | |
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115
chivalric
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| 有武士气概的，有武士风范的 | |
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116
impulsive
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| adj.冲动的，刺激的；有推动力的 | |
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117
pecuniary
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| adj.金钱的；金钱上的 | |
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118
overflowed
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| 溢出的 | |
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119
advantageous
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| adj.有利的；有帮助的 | |
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120
prone
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| adj.(to)易于…的，很可能…的；俯卧的 | |
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121
lighter
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| n.打火机，点火器；驳船；v.用驳船运送；light的比较级 | |
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122
rebounded
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| 弹回( rebound的过去式和过去分词 )； 反弹； 产生反作用； 未能奏效 | |
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123
wrought
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| v.引起；以…原料制作；运转；adj.制造的 | |
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124
boon
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| n.恩赐，恩物，恩惠 | |
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125
reprehensible
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| adj.该受责备的 | |
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126
debauch
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| v.使堕落，放纵 | |
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127
pervading
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| v.遍及，弥漫( pervade的现在分词 ) | |
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128
worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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129
knights
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| 骑士； （中古时代的）武士( knight的名词复数 )； 骑士； 爵士； （国际象棋中）马 | |
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130
corrupt
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| v.贿赂，收买；adj.腐败的，贪污的 | |
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131
followers
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| 追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件 | |
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132
thither
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| adv.向那里；adj.在那边的，对岸的 | |
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133
placid
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| adj.安静的，平和的 | |
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134
animate
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| v.赋于生命，鼓励；adj.有生命的，有生气的 | |
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135
majesty
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| n.雄伟，壮丽，庄严，威严；最高权威，王权 | |
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136
severely
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| adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地 | |
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137
herd
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| n.兽群，牧群；vt.使集中，把…赶在一起 | |
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138
inquiry
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| n.打听，询问，调查，查问 | |
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139
appreciation
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| n.评价；欣赏；感谢；领会，理解；价格上涨 | |
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140
aloof
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| adj.远离的；冷淡的，漠不关心的 | |
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141
intruded
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| n.侵入的，推进的v.侵入，侵扰，打扰( intrude的过去式和过去分词 )；把…强加于 | |
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142
condescend
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| v.俯就，屈尊；堕落，丢丑 | |
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143
relished
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| v.欣赏( relish的过去式和过去分词 )；从…获得乐趣；渴望 | |
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144
savor
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| vt.品尝，欣赏；n.味道，风味；情趣，趣味 | |
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145
stew
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| n.炖汤，焖，烦恼；v.炖汤，焖，忧虑 | |
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146
vices
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| 缺陷( vice的名词复数 )； 恶习； 不道德行为； 台钳 | |
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147
kernel
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| n.(果实的)核，仁；(问题)的中心，核心 | |
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