Messer Simone, having the idea once lodged8 in his skull—a dwelling-place of unusual thickness, that was well made for keeping any idea that ever [Pg 226]entered it a prisoner—that it would be well for him to take charge of Florence, had no room in his pate9 for tender or merciful consideration of those that sought or seemed to seek to cross him in his purpose. They were his enemies; there was no more to be said about it, and for his enemies, when it was possible, he had ever a short way. Now, Messer Guido Cavalcanti, and those of his inclining, were very curiously10 and truly his enemies, and he had been longing11 for a great while to get them out of the way of his ambitions and his purposes, yet could find no ready means to compass their destruction. But of late he had found a new enemy in the person of my friend Dante, and a formidable enemy for all his seeming insignificance12; and if Simone sought to crush Dante, I cannot blame him for the attempt, however much I may rejoice in his failure.
I believe Messer Simone to have been as much in love with Monna Beatrice as it was humanly possible for such a man to be in love with such a maid. He was in love, of course, with the great houses that Messer Folco owned, with the broad lands that fattened14 Messer Folco's vineyards; for though he had houses of his own and broad lands in abundance, wealth ever covets15 wealth. But I conceive that whatever of god-like essence was muffled16 in the hulk of his composition was quickened by the truly unearthly beauty of that pale [Pg 227]face with its mystic smile and the sweet eyes that seemed to see sights denied to the commonalty. I think Messer Simone was in love with Beatrice very much as I might have been, out of very wonder at a thing so rare and fair and unfamiliar17. I was never, as I have said, in love with Folco's daughter; my tastes are simpler, more carnal; give me an Ippolita in my affectionate hours, and I ask nothing better. Love for me must be a jolly companion, never squeamish, never chilly18, never expecting other homage19 than such salutations as swordsmen may use for preliminary to a hot engagement. Messer Dante has written a very beautiful book on his business, its words all fire and golden air, but I wrote my rhymes in a tavern20 with red wine at my elbow and a doxy on my knee. I wonder which of us will be remembered longest.
Yet if I was never in love with Beatrice, I could understand the matter, and feel how the thick-headed, thick-hearted, thick-fingered giant must shiver at the unfamiliar twinges and rigors21. When a man of such a kind finds himself in such a dilemma22, he is in much such a case as if he were sick of some childish ailment23 more dangerous to maturity24 than to youth. The thought that another should challenge his right or traverse his desire galled25 him to a choler little short of madness. Wherefore, if he had hated the Cavalcanti faction26 before, he hated them a thousand times more now, seeing that [Pg 228]Dante was of their number, this Dante that had gained a rose of lady Beatrice, and wore it next his heart no doubt, and had denied him and defied him with such cheer and cunning, and dared to make verses in praise of his lady. If Simone had wished ere this that the Cavalcanti party was ruined, now he was resolved upon its ruin, and for no reason more strongly than because it included Dante in its company. In this resolve, I say again, I cannot honestly blame Messer Simone. He only acted as most of us would have acted if we had been in his place.
Messer Simone, I must cheerfully admit, had calculated his plans cleverly enough. Long before his magnificent appearance at Messer Folco's house he had been at the pains to make himself aware that the bulk of the youth of the city were with him hand and heart in his desperate adventure. To do the youth of Florence the merest justice, it was every ready to risk its life cheerfully for the advantage of the city, and, furthermore, for the sheer lust28 of fighting. What Messer Simone had hoped to gain at Folco's house, and, indeed, had succeeded in gaining, was the allegiance of certain young men of the Cavalcanti inclining, adherents29 of the Reds, that were not in the natural way of things affected30 over kindly31 to him. All this he had accomplished very successfully. The heady enthusiasm upon which he had cunningly counted, [Pg 229]the presence of fair women whose sweet breaths are ever ready to fan the flame of the war-like spirit, the stimulating32 influences of wine and light and laughter and dancing—all these had played their parts in furthering Messer Simone's aims by spurring the Florentine chivalry33 to a pitch of exuberance34, at which any proposal made in a sounding voice in the name of the God of War might be relied upon to carry them away. As you know, it did so carry them away, and Messer Simone's book was scrawled35 thick with hurried signatures, and, best of all for his pleasure, it carried at last the name of Messer Dante, and best of all, perhaps, for his personal advantage, it carried the name of Messer Guido Cavalcanti.
I know very well, looking back on those old days, that were so much better than these new days, that if Messer Simone had failed to lure13 Messer Dante into that immediate36 scheme of his, and had so compelled a postponement37 of his revenge, he would still have carried out his purpose of sending the others that were his enemies to their deaths. But, in his piggish way, Messer Simone had a kind of knowledge of men. He that was all ungenerous and bestial—he, this most unknightly giant—he could realize, strangely enough, what a generous and uplifted nature might do on certain occasions when the trumpets38 of the spirit were loudly blowing. And it was a proof of his mean insight that he had [Pg 230]spread his net in the sight of the bird and had snared39 his quarry40.
Having won so briskly the first move in his game, Messer Simone lost no time in making the second move. Fortified41, as he was, by the friendship and the approval of certain of the leaders of the city, he could confidently count upon immunity42 from blame if any seeming blunder of his delivered to destruction a certain number of young gentlemen whose opinions were none too popular with many of those in high office. So, while still the flambeaux of the festival were burning, and while still a few late guests were carousing43 at Messer Folco's tables, the emissaries of Messer Simone were busy in Florence doing what they had to do. Thus it was that so many of the fiery-hearted, fiery-headed youths who had set their names in Messer Simone's Golden Book found, as they returned gay and belated from Messer Folco's house, the summons awaiting them—the summons that was not to be disobeyed, calling upon them at once to prove their allegiance to the Company of Death and obey its initial command. It is well to recollect44 that not one single man of all the men so summoned failed to answer to his name.
It is in that regard, too, that I can scarcely do less than extend my admiration45 to Messer Simone. For, in spite of the fact that he was a very great villain46, as he needs must be counted, being the [Pg 231]enemy of our party, he had in him so much as it were of the sovereign essence of manhood that he could read aright men's tempers. And he knew very well that such words as "patriotism47" and "service of the sweet city" and "honorable death for a great cause" are as so many flames that will set the torch of a young man's heart alight. There was no generosity48 in Messer Simone, yet—and this I think is the marvel—he could guess at and count upon the generosity of others, and know that they would be ready to do in an instant what he would never do nor never dream of doing. He was not impulsive49, he was not high-spirited, he was not chivalrous50; yet he could play upon the impulses, the high spirits, and the chivalries of those whom he wished to destroy as dexterously51 as your trained musician can play upon the strings52 of a lute53. Of course it is impossible not to admire such a cunning, however perverted54 the application of that cunning may be. For there is many a rascal55 in the broad world that has no wit to appreciate anything outside the compass of his own inclinations56, and takes it for granted that because he is a rogue57 with base instincts, that can only be appealed to by base lures58, all other men are rogues59 likewise, and only basely answerable to some base appeal.
Nor can I do otherwise than admire him for the ingenuity60 of the means by which he sought to attain61 his end. It was in its way a masterpiece of [Pg 232]imagination, for one that throve upon banking62, to conceive that scheme of the Company of Death, with its trumpet-call to youth and courage and the noble heart. It was excellently clever, too, of Messer Simone so to engineer his contrivance that while he seemingly included in its ranks the young bloods of every party in the state, he was able, by the wise adjustment of his machinery63, to deal, or at least to intend, disaster only to those that were opposed to him. C?sar might well have been praised for so intelligent an artifice64, and yet Messer Simone of the Bardi, for all that he was brave enough, was very far from being a C?sar. However, he planned his plan well, and I praise him for it all the more light-heartedly because it came to grief so signally, and all through one whose enmity he rated at too light a price.
It is ever the way of such fellows as Simone, that are of the suspicious temperament65 and quick to regard folk as their enemies, to overlook, in their computation of the perils66 that threaten their cherished purposes, the gravest danger of all. Simone had plenty of enemies in Florence, and he thought that he had provided against all of them, or, at the least, all that were seriously to be reputed troublesome, when he swaddled and dandled and matured his precious invention of the Company of Death. But while he grinned as he read over the list of the recruits to that delectable67 regiment68, and hugged [Pg 233]himself at the thought of how he would in a morning's work thoroughly69 purge70 it of all that were his antagonists71, he suffered his wits to go wool-gathering in one instance where they should have been most alert. Either he clean forgot or he disdained72 to remember a certain wager73 of his, and a certain very fair and very cunning lady with whom he had laid it, and to whose very immediate interest it was that she should win the wager. Messer Simone seemed either to think that Madonna Vittoria was not in earnest, or that she might be neglected with safety. Whichever his surmise74, Messer Simone made a very great mistake.
It proved to be one of the greatest factors in the sum of Messer Simone's blunder that he should have been tempted75 by ironic76 fortune to turn for aid in the ingenious plot he was hatching to the particular man upon whom he pitched for assistance. Already in those days of which I write, far-away days as they seem to me now in this green old age—or shall I, with an eye to my monkish77 habit, call it gray old age?—of mine, those gentry78 existed who have now become so common in Italy, the gentry that were called Free Companions. These worthy79 personages were adventurers, seekers after fortune, men eager for wealth and power, and heedless of the means by which they attained80 them. Italian, some of them, but very many strangers from far-away lands. It was the custom [Pg 234]of these fellows to gather about them a little army of rough-and-ready resolutes like themselves, whom they maintained at their cost, and whose services they were always prepared to sell to any person or state that was willing to pay the captain's price for their aid. And these captains, as their fortunes waxed, increased the numbers of their following till they often had under their command as many lances as would go to the making of a little army. Of these captains that were then in Italy, and, as I have said, they were fewer in that time than they are to-day, the most famous and the most fortunate was the man who was known as Messer Griffo of the Claw. He was so nicknamed, I think, because of the figure on the banner that he flew—a huge dragon with one fiercely clawed foot lifted as if to lay hold of all that came its way.
Messer Griffo was a splendid fellow to look at, as big every way as Messer Simone, but built more shapely, and he had a finer face, and one that showed more self-control, and he was never given to the beastly intemperances that degraded the Messer Simone. Messer Griffo and his levy81 of lances lived in a castle that he held in the hills some half-way between Florence and Arezzo. He was, as I believe, by his birth an Englishman, with some harsh, unmusical, outlandish name of his own that had been softened82 and sweetened into the name by which he was known and esteemed83 in all [Pg 235]the cities of Italy. He had been so long a-soldiering in our country that he spoke84 the vulgar tongue very neatly85 and swiftly, and was, indeed, ofttimes taken by the people of one town or province in our peninsula for a citizen of some other city or province of Italy. So that his English accent did him no more harm in honest men's ears than his English parentage offended their susceptibilities. For the rest, he was of more than middle age, but seemed less, was of amazing strength and daring, and a great leader of Free Companions.
At the time of which I tell he was in command of a force of something like five hundred lances, that were very well fed, well kept, well equipped, and ready to serve the quarrel of any potentate86 of Italy that was willing to pay for them. He had just captained his rascals87 very gallantly88 and satisfactorily in the service of Padua, and having made a very considerable amount of money by the transaction, was now resting pleasantly on his laurels89, and in no immediate hurry to further business. For if Messer Griffo liked fighting, as is said to be the way of those islanders, he did not like fighting only, but recognized frankly90 and fully27 that life has other joys to offer to a valiant91 gentleman. His long sojourn92 in our land had so civilized93 and humanized him that he could appreciate, after a fashion, the delicate pleasures that are known to us and that are denied to those that abide94 in his [Pg 236]frozen, fog-bound, rain-whipped island—the delights of fine eating, fine drinking, fine living, fine loving. Honestly, I must record that he took to all these delectations very gayly and naturally, for all the world as if he had the grace to be born, I will not say a Florentine, but say a man of Padua, of Bologna, or Ferrara. In a word, he had all the semblance95 of a very fine gentleman, and when he was not about his proper business of cutting throats at so much a day, he moved at his ease with a very proper demeanor96.
When Messer Simone began to hatch his little conspiracy97 of the Company of Death, he bethought him of Messer Griffo, that was then at liberty and living at ease, and he sent to the Free Companion a message, entreating98 him to visit Florence and be his guest for a season, as he had certain matters of moment to communicate to him. Now if this Griffo liked idling very well, he did not like it to the degree that would permit him to push on one side a promising99 piece of business. This is, I believe, the way of his country-people, that are said to be traders before all, though thereafter they are sailors and soldiers. When the message of Messer Simone reached him, he appreciated very instantly the value of Messer Simone's acquaintance, and the probability of good pay and good pickings if he found reason to enter the Bardi's service. So with no more unwillingness100 than was reasonable, [Pg 237]considering that he was passing the time very happily in his house with pretty women and jolly pot-companions, he made answer to the message that he would wait upon Messer Simone very shortly in the fair city of Florence. In no very long time after he kept his word, and came to Florence to have speech with Messer Simone and drink his wine and consider what propositions he might have to make.
It was, perhaps, unfortunate for Simone dei Bardi that while there were many points of resemblance between himself and the Free Companion that was his guest, the advantages were on the side of the stranger rather than of the Florentine. Both were big men, both were strong men, both were practised to the top in all manner of manly exercises. But while there was a something gross about the greatness of Simone of the Bardi, the bulk of the Englishman was so well proportioned and rarely adjusted that a woman's first thought of him would be rather concerning his grace than his size. While Messer Simone's face betrayed too plainly in its ruddiness its owner's gratification of his appetites, Messer Griffo's face carried a clean paleness that commended him to temperate101 eyes, albeit102 he could, when he pleased, eat and drink as much as ever Messer Simone.
Messer Simone's plan had one great merit to the mind of a foreigner denied the lucidity103 of our [Pg 238]Italian intelligence—it was adorably simple. I can give it to you now in a nutshell as I learned it later, not as I knew it then, for I did not know it then. Nobody knew it then except Messer Simone of the one part, and Messer Griffo of the other part, and one other who was not meant to know it or supposed to know it, but who, in defence of special interests, first guessed at it, and then made certain of it, with results that were far from satisfactory to Messer Simone, though they proved in the end entirely104 pleasing to Messer Griffo.
Here and now, in few words, was Messer Simone's plan. Messer Griffo was to enter his, Simone's, service at what rate of pay he might, weighed in the scale of fairness and with a proper calculation of market values, demand. At least Messer Simone was not inclined to haggle105, and the five hundred lances would find him a good paymaster. In return for so many stipulated106 florins, Messer Griffo was to render certain services to Messer Simone—obvious services, and services that were less obvious, but that were infinitely107 more important.
In the first place, the Free Companion was ostensibly to declare himself Messer Simone's very good and zealous108 subaltern in the interests of the city of Florence, and very especially in those interests which led her to detest109 and honestly long to destroy the city of Arezzo. For this proclaimed [Pg 239]purpose he was to hold himself and his men in readiness to march, when the time came, against Arezzo. This was the first page of the treaty. But there was a second page of the treaty that, if it were really written out, would have to be written in cipher110. By its conditions Messer Griffo bound himself to wait with his fellows on a certain appointed night at a certain appointed place some half-way between Florence and Arezzo. What his business was to be at this appointed time and place makes pretty reading even now, when almost all that were concerned in the conspiracy have passed away and are no more than moth-like memories.
When Messer Simone dei Bardi contrived111 to chain upon the Company of Death that law which bound every member of the fellowship to unquestioning obedience112 to its founder113, he had in his mind from the start the goal for which he was playing. At a certain given hour a certain given number of the Company of Death would be called upon to foregather outside the walls of Florence, bent114 on a special adventure for the welfare of the state. By a curious chance those that were thus summoned were all to be members of the party that was opposed to Messer Simone, and would include all those youths who, like Guido Cavalcanti and Dante Alighieri, had incurred115 the special detestation of the would-be dictator.
The rest of the scheme was as easy as whistling. [Pg 240]The hot-headed, hot-hearted gallants of the Company of Death were to ride swiftly in the direction of Arezzo, carrying with them the information that they would be reinforced half-way upon their journey by a levy of mercenaries under the command of Griffo. It was, however, privately116 arranged between Simone and Griffo that when the young Florentines made their appearance they were to be very promptly117 and decisively put to the sword, after which deed Messer Griffo and his followers118 were to betake themselves to Arezzo, declare themselves the saviors of that city, and insist on entering its service at a price. After a little while Messer Griffo was to make his peace with indignant Florence by offering to betray, and, in due course, by betraying, the town of Arezzo into the hands of her enemies. By such ingenious spider-spinnings of sin did Messer Simone of the Bardi promise himself that he would within a very little space of time cleanse119 Florence of the pick of his enemies, and also earn the gratitude120 of her citizens by placing Arezzo within their power. This was a case of killing121 two birds with one stone that mightily122 delighted Messer Simone, and he made sure that he had found the very stone that was fit for his fingers in the excellent, belligerent123 Free Companion.
It is whimsical to reflect that all would probably, nay124, almost certainly, have gone as Messer Simone desired if only Messer Simone had not been so [Pg 241]bullishly besotted as to leave the name of a certain lady out of his table of calculations; for Messer Griffo liked the scheme well enough. Though it was, as it were, a double-edged weapon, cutting this way at the Florentines of one party and that way at Arezzo, it was a simple scheme enough that required no feigning125 to sustain it, no dissimulation—qualities these apparently126 repugnant to the English heart. Griffo also liked the florins of Messer Simone that were to be spent so plenteously into his exchequer127, and he liked exceedingly the prospect128 of the later plunder129 of Arezzo. That he did not like Messer Simone very much counted for little in the business. It was no part of his practice to like or dislike his employers, so long as they paid him his meed. Still, perhaps the fact that if Simone had not been his employer he would have disliked him may have counted as an influence to direct the course of later events.
Certainly Messer Griffo had no compunctions, no prickings of the conscience, to perturb130 or to deflect131 the energy of his keen intelligence from following the line marked out for it. That he was to dispatch without quarter the flower of the youth of Florence troubled him, as I take it, no whit132. He was too imperturbable133, too phlegmatic134 for that. Had he been of our race he might, perhaps, have sighed over their fate, for we that are of the race of Rome have some droppings of the old Roman [Pg 242]pity as ingredients in our composition. Messer Griffo was no such fantastico, but a plain, straightforward135, journeyman sword-bearer that would kill any mortal or mortals whom he was paid to kill, unless—and here is the key to his character and the explanation of all that happened after—unless he was paid a better price by some one else not to kill his intended victims. In this particular business he was, maugre Messer Simone's beard, paid a better price not to do what Simone paid a less price to have done. What that price was you shall learn in due course.
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1 commendable | |
adj.值得称赞的 | |
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2 cloister | |
n.修道院;v.隐退,使与世隔绝 | |
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3 divers | |
adj.不同的;种种的 | |
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4 manly | |
adj.有男子气概的;adv.男子般地,果断地 | |
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5 disposition | |
n.性情,性格;意向,倾向;排列,部署 | |
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6 justified | |
a.正当的,有理的 | |
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7 accomplished | |
adj.有才艺的;有造诣的;达到了的 | |
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8 lodged | |
v.存放( lodge的过去式和过去分词 );暂住;埋入;(权利、权威等)归属 | |
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9 pate | |
n.头顶;光顶 | |
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10 curiously | |
adv.有求知欲地;好问地;奇特地 | |
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11 longing | |
n.(for)渴望 | |
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12 insignificance | |
n.不重要;无价值;无意义 | |
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13 lure | |
n.吸引人的东西,诱惑物;vt.引诱,吸引 | |
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14 fattened | |
v.喂肥( fatten的过去式和过去分词 );养肥(牲畜);使(钱)增多;使(公司)升值 | |
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15 covets | |
v.贪求,觊觎( covet的第三人称单数 ) | |
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16 muffled | |
adj.(声音)被隔的;听不太清的;(衣服)裹严的;蒙住的v.压抑,捂住( muffle的过去式和过去分词 );用厚厚的衣帽包着(自己) | |
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17 unfamiliar | |
adj.陌生的,不熟悉的 | |
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18 chilly | |
adj.凉快的,寒冷的 | |
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19 homage | |
n.尊敬,敬意,崇敬 | |
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20 tavern | |
n.小旅馆,客栈;小酒店 | |
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21 rigors | |
严格( rigor的名词复数 ); 严酷; 严密; (由惊吓或中毒等导致的身体)僵直 | |
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22 dilemma | |
n.困境,进退两难的局面 | |
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23 ailment | |
n.疾病,小病 | |
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24 maturity | |
n.成熟;完成;(支票、债券等)到期 | |
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25 galled | |
v.使…擦痛( gall的过去式和过去分词 );擦伤;烦扰;侮辱 | |
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26 faction | |
n.宗派,小集团;派别;派系斗争 | |
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27 fully | |
adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地 | |
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28 lust | |
n.性(淫)欲;渴(欲)望;vi.对…有强烈的欲望 | |
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29 adherents | |
n.支持者,拥护者( adherent的名词复数 );党羽;徒子徒孙 | |
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30 affected | |
adj.不自然的,假装的 | |
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31 kindly | |
adj.和蔼的,温和的,爽快的;adv.温和地,亲切地 | |
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32 stimulating | |
adj.有启发性的,能激发人思考的 | |
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33 chivalry | |
n.骑士气概,侠义;(男人)对女人彬彬有礼,献殷勤 | |
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34 exuberance | |
n.丰富;繁荣 | |
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35 scrawled | |
乱涂,潦草地写( scrawl的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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36 immediate | |
adj.立即的;直接的,最接近的;紧靠的 | |
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37 postponement | |
n.推迟 | |
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38 trumpets | |
喇叭( trumpet的名词复数 ); 小号; 喇叭形物; (尤指)绽开的水仙花 | |
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39 snared | |
v.用罗网捕捉,诱陷,陷害( snare的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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40 quarry | |
n.采石场;v.采石;费力地找 | |
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41 fortified | |
adj. 加强的 | |
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42 immunity | |
n.优惠;免除;豁免,豁免权 | |
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43 carousing | |
v.痛饮,闹饮欢宴( carouse的现在分词 ) | |
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44 recollect | |
v.回忆,想起,记起,忆起,记得 | |
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45 admiration | |
n.钦佩,赞美,羡慕 | |
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46 villain | |
n.反派演员,反面人物;恶棍;问题的起因 | |
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47 patriotism | |
n.爱国精神,爱国心,爱国主义 | |
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48 generosity | |
n.大度,慷慨,慷慨的行为 | |
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49 impulsive | |
adj.冲动的,刺激的;有推动力的 | |
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50 chivalrous | |
adj.武士精神的;对女人彬彬有礼的 | |
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51 dexterously | |
adv.巧妙地,敏捷地 | |
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52 strings | |
n.弦 | |
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53 lute | |
n.琵琶,鲁特琴 | |
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54 perverted | |
adj.不正当的v.滥用( pervert的过去式和过去分词 );腐蚀;败坏;使堕落 | |
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55 rascal | |
n.流氓;不诚实的人 | |
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56 inclinations | |
倾向( inclination的名词复数 ); 倾斜; 爱好; 斜坡 | |
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57 rogue | |
n.流氓;v.游手好闲 | |
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58 lures | |
吸引力,魅力(lure的复数形式) | |
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59 rogues | |
n.流氓( rogue的名词复数 );无赖;调皮捣蛋的人;离群的野兽 | |
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60 ingenuity | |
n.别出心裁;善于发明创造 | |
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61 attain | |
vt.达到,获得,完成 | |
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62 banking | |
n.银行业,银行学,金融业 | |
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63 machinery | |
n.(总称)机械,机器;机构 | |
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64 artifice | |
n.妙计,高明的手段;狡诈,诡计 | |
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65 temperament | |
n.气质,性格,性情 | |
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66 perils | |
极大危险( peril的名词复数 ); 危险的事(或环境) | |
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67 delectable | |
adj.使人愉快的;美味的 | |
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68 regiment | |
n.团,多数,管理;v.组织,编成团,统制 | |
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69 thoroughly | |
adv.完全地,彻底地,十足地 | |
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70 purge | |
n.整肃,清除,泻药,净化;vt.净化,清除,摆脱;vi.清除,通便,腹泻,变得清洁 | |
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71 antagonists | |
对立[对抗] 者,对手,敌手( antagonist的名词复数 ); 对抗肌; 对抗药 | |
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72 disdained | |
鄙视( disdain的过去式和过去分词 ); 不屑于做,不愿意做 | |
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73 wager | |
n.赌注;vt.押注,打赌 | |
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74 surmise | |
v./n.猜想,推测 | |
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75 tempted | |
v.怂恿(某人)干不正当的事;冒…的险(tempt的过去分词) | |
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76 ironic | |
adj.讽刺的,有讽刺意味的,出乎意料的 | |
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77 monkish | |
adj.僧侣的,修道士的,禁欲的 | |
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78 gentry | |
n.绅士阶级,上层阶级 | |
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79 worthy | |
adj.(of)值得的,配得上的;有价值的 | |
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80 attained | |
(通常经过努力)实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 ); 达到; 获得; 达到(某年龄、水平、状况) | |
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81 levy | |
n.征收税或其他款项,征收额 | |
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82 softened | |
(使)变软( soften的过去式和过去分词 ); 缓解打击; 缓和; 安慰 | |
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83 esteemed | |
adj.受人尊敬的v.尊敬( esteem的过去式和过去分词 );敬重;认为;以为 | |
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84 spoke | |
n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说 | |
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85 neatly | |
adv.整洁地,干净地,灵巧地,熟练地 | |
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86 potentate | |
n.统治者;君主 | |
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87 rascals | |
流氓( rascal的名词复数 ); 无赖; (开玩笑说法)淘气的人(尤指小孩); 恶作剧的人 | |
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88 gallantly | |
adv. 漂亮地,勇敢地,献殷勤地 | |
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89 laurels | |
n.桂冠,荣誉 | |
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90 frankly | |
adv.坦白地,直率地;坦率地说 | |
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91 valiant | |
adj.勇敢的,英勇的;n.勇士,勇敢的人 | |
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92 sojourn | |
v./n.旅居,寄居;逗留 | |
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93 civilized | |
a.有教养的,文雅的 | |
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94 abide | |
vi.遵守;坚持;vt.忍受 | |
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95 semblance | |
n.外貌,外表 | |
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96 demeanor | |
n.行为;风度 | |
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97 conspiracy | |
n.阴谋,密谋,共谋 | |
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98 entreating | |
恳求,乞求( entreat的现在分词 ) | |
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99 promising | |
adj.有希望的,有前途的 | |
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100 unwillingness | |
n. 不愿意,不情愿 | |
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101 temperate | |
adj.温和的,温带的,自我克制的,不过分的 | |
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102 albeit | |
conj.即使;纵使;虽然 | |
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103 lucidity | |
n.明朗,清晰,透明 | |
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104 entirely | |
ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地 | |
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105 haggle | |
vi.讨价还价,争论不休 | |
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106 stipulated | |
vt.& vi.规定;约定adj.[法]合同规定的 | |
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107 infinitely | |
adv.无限地,无穷地 | |
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108 zealous | |
adj.狂热的,热心的 | |
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109 detest | |
vt.痛恨,憎恶 | |
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110 cipher | |
n.零;无影响力的人;密码 | |
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111 contrived | |
adj.不自然的,做作的;虚构的 | |
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112 obedience | |
n.服从,顺从 | |
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113 Founder | |
n.创始者,缔造者 | |
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114 bent | |
n.爱好,癖好;adj.弯的;决心的,一心的 | |
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115 incurred | |
[医]招致的,遭受的; incur的过去式 | |
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116 privately | |
adv.以私人的身份,悄悄地,私下地 | |
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117 promptly | |
adv.及时地,敏捷地 | |
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118 followers | |
追随者( follower的名词复数 ); 用户; 契据的附面; 从动件 | |
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119 cleanse | |
vt.使清洁,使纯洁,清洗 | |
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120 gratitude | |
adj.感激,感谢 | |
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121 killing | |
n.巨额利润;突然赚大钱,发大财 | |
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122 mightily | |
ad.强烈地;非常地 | |
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123 belligerent | |
adj.好战的,挑起战争的;n.交战国,交战者 | |
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124 nay | |
adv.不;n.反对票,投反对票者 | |
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125 feigning | |
假装,伪装( feign的现在分词 ); 捏造(借口、理由等) | |
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126 apparently | |
adv.显然地;表面上,似乎 | |
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127 exchequer | |
n.财政部;国库 | |
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128 prospect | |
n.前景,前途;景色,视野 | |
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129 plunder | |
vt.劫掠财物,掠夺;n.劫掠物,赃物;劫掠 | |
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130 perturb | |
v.使不安,烦扰,扰乱,使紊乱 | |
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131 deflect | |
v.(使)偏斜,(使)偏离,(使)转向 | |
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132 whit | |
n.一点,丝毫 | |
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133 imperturbable | |
adj.镇静的 | |
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134 phlegmatic | |
adj.冷静的,冷淡的,冷漠的,无活力的 | |
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135 straightforward | |
adj.正直的,坦率的;易懂的,简单的 | |
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