At Salins too we find ourselves in a land of luxuries, i.e., clean floors, chamber-maids, bells, sofas, washing basins and other items in hygiene13 and civilization not worth mentioning. The H?tel des Messageries is very pleasant, and here, as in the more primitive14 regions before described, you are received rather as a guest to be made much of than as a foreigner to be imposed upon. This charming bonhomie, found among all classes, is apt to take the form of gossip overmuch, which is sometimes wearisome. The Franc-Comtois, I must believe, are the greatest talkers in the world, and any chance listener to be caught by the button is not easily let go. Yet a considerable amount of volubility is pardoned when people are so amiable15 and obliging.
Mendicity is forbidden in the Jura as in the Department of the Doubs, and there is little real pinching poverty to be found among the rural population, though of course a laboriousness16 and economy unknown among our own. In the most part, the vine-grower and fabricator of Gruyère cheese, so called, is well-to-do and independent, and here indeed, the soil is the property of the people.
The Salins season ends on the 15th of September, when the magnificent hydropathic establishment is closed, and only a few stray visitors remain. The Salins waters are said to be much more efficacious than those of Kreuznach in Prussia, which they much resemble; and the nature of the soil is shown by its deep crimson17 hue18. If the tonic19 qualities of these mountain springs are invaluable20, it must be admitted that they are done ample justice to, for never surely were so many public fountains to be found in a town of the same size. A charming monograph21 might be devoted22 to the public fountains of Franche-Comté, and those of Salins are especially meritorious23 as works of art. How many there are, I cannot say, but at least half-a-dozen are interesting as monuments, notably24 the charming life-size bronze figure of a Vintager, by the gifted Salinois sculptor25, Max Claudel, ornamenting27 one, the fine torso surmounting28 another, and of which the history is mysterious, the group of swans adorning29 a third, and so on; at every turn the stranger coming upon some street ornament26 of this kind, whilst the perpetual sound of running water is delightful to the ear. I shall never recall the Jura without this cool, pleasant, dripping noise, as much a part of it as its brisk air and dazzling blue sky.
There is a good deal to see at Salins; the salines, or salt-works, the old church of St. Anatole with its humorous wood-carvings, the exquisite30 Bruges tapestries31 in the Museum, the ancient gateways32 of the city, the quaint33 Renaissance34 statue of St. Maurice in the church of that name—wooden figure of a soldier-peasant on horseback—and lastly the forts and the superb panoramas35 to be obtained from them. This little straggling town, of not more than six thousand and odd inhabitants, possesses a public library of ten thousand volumes, a natural history museum, and a theatre, and other resources. It is eminently36 Catholic, but I was glad to find that the thin edge of the Protestant wedge is being driven in there, a Protestant service being now held once a month, and this will doubtless soon develop into some regular organization. Protestantism means cleanliness, education, and domestic morality, and Catholicism the reverse; so no wonder that the more enlightened mayors and municipalities are inclined to look upon these quiet invasions with favour. As I narrate37 my progress through the Jura, it will be seen that I found Protestantism everywhere making head against the enemy.
Perhaps the most beautiful excursion to be made from Salins is to the little town of Nans, and the source of the River Lison, a two hours' drive amid scenery of alternating loveliness and grandeur38—vines everywhere as we climb upwards39, our road curling round the mountain-sides, as a ribbon twisted round a sugar-loaf, and then having wound in and out jagged peaks covered with light foliage and abrupt40 slopes clad with vines, we come to the sombre pine-forests, passing from one forest to another, the air blowing upon us with sudden keenness. No sooner do we emerge from these gloomy precincts than we come upon the pretty little village of Nans, smiling and glowing in a warm sunlit valley, and most enticing41 to us after the sombreness and chilliness42 of the mountain-tops.
Although anything but a gourmand43 myself, I will mention for the benefit of those who really care for good things, that we found a most wonderful dinner awaiting us in the homely44 little auberge at which we alighted—hare, salmon45, trout46, prawns47, and all kinds of local confectionery, were here supplied at the modest price of ten francs and a half, the cook of the establishment being the landlady48 herself, and the entire staff consisting of two old women. One of these was drafted off to guide me to the source, and off we set on our walk, at once leaving the warm open valley for the mountain world. On and on we went, the mountain closing upon us and shutting out more and more of the glowing blue heavens, till we came to a stand. From these rocky fastnesses, here forbidding further progress, the River Lison has its source; above they show a silvery grey surface against the emerald of the valleys and the sapphire49 of the sky, but below the huge clefts50, from which we are soon to see the river issue forth51 exultingly52, they are black as night.
A few steps onward53 and we were in sight of the source, and no words can convey its imposingness, or the sense of contrast forced upon the mind—the pitchy, ebon cavern54 from which flashes the river in silvery whiteness, tumbling in a dozen cascades55 down glistening56 black rocks, and across pebbly57 beds, and along gold-green pastures. We explored the inner part of this strange rock-bed; the little River Lison, springing from its dark cavernous home, leaping forth with wild exultation58 into the light, pursuing its way under all kinds of difficulties, growing broader and broader as it goes, till a wide, sunlit river, it flows onward and onward, finally reaching the sea, reminded me, as I gazed, of a lovely thought emerging from the thinker's brain, which, after obstacles and hindrances59 innumerable, at last, refreshing60 all as it goes, reaches the open light of universal truth.
Behind the source, and reached by a winding61 path cut in the rocks, is a lofty chasm62, from the summit of which another mountain stream falls with beautiful effect; and no less impressive and curious are the so-called Grottes des Sarrazins, a little further off, huge caverns63 shutting in a little lake, and where the river rushes with a sound of thunder.
On the steep mountain path, leading to the chasm just mentioned, we found hellebore growing in abundance, also the winter-cherry, its vermillion-hued capsules glowing through the green. The brilliant red berry of the white bream-tree also lends colour to the wayside hedge, as well as the deep rose-coloured fruit of the barberry. Flowers also grow in abundance; and in the town their cultivation64 seems a passion. Some gardens contain sun-flowers, or little else, others are full of zinnias, flowering mallow trees, and balsams. There is no gardening aimed at, in our sense of the word, but simply abundance of colour; the flowers are planted anyhow and grow anyhow, the result being ornamental65 in the extreme.
There is a pottery66, or faiencerie; of two hundred years standing67 at Nans, and some of the wares69 are very pretty and artistic70. The chief characteristics of the Nans ware68, or cailloutage, is its creamy, highly-glazed surface, on which are painted, by hand, flowers, birds, and arabesques71 in brilliant colours, and in more or less elaborate styles. Attempts are also made to imitate the well-known Strasburg ware, of which great quantities are found in these parts, chiefly at sales in old houses. The Strasburg ware is known by its red flowers—chiefly roses and tulips—on a creamy ground, also elaborate arabesques in deep purple. If we take up a specimen72, we find the ornamentation done at random73, and, in fact, the artist was compelled to this method of working in order to conceal74 the imperfections of the porcelain75. The Nans ware—very like the faiencerie of Salins—commends itself alike for form and design, and the working potters employed there will be found full of information, which they are very ready to impart. One of them, with whom I fell into conversation, had just returned from the Paris Exhibition, and expressed himself with enthusiasm concerning the English ceramic76 galleries, of which, indeed, we may be proud.
It is impossible to exaggerate the beauty of Salins, and its stately environment of rock and vine-clad peak, especially seen on such a September day as this I describe, when the sky is of warmest blue, and the air so transparent, fresh, and exhilarating that merely to breathe is a pleasure. Nor are the people less striking than their mountain home. Dark hair, rich complexions77, regular features, an animated78 expression, are the portion of most, especially of the women, whilst all wear a look of cheerfulness and health. No rags, no poverty, no squalor; and the abundance of natural resources brings the good things of life within reach of all. At the unpretending hotel, the cookery would not discredit79 the H?tel de Bristol itself, everything being of the best. I was served with a little bird which I ate with great innocence80, and no little relish81, supposing it to be a snipe, but, on asking what it was, I found, to my horror, the wretches82 had served up a thrush! I am sorry to say a tremendous slaughter83 of migratory84 birds goes on at this time of the year; not only thrushes, but larks85, linnets, and other sweet little songsters supplying the general dinner table. The thrushes feed largely on grapes, which lend them a delicious flavour when cooked, and for which nefarious86 practice on their part they are said to be destroyed. I was assured that a thrush will eat two bunches of grapes a day, and so they are killed by the hundreds of thousands, and sold for three half-pence each, or sometimes a franc per dozen. Thrushes, moreover, are considered game, and occasionally the gendarmes87 succeed in catching88 a poacher, but so mixed are one's feelings in dealing89 with this question that it is impossible to know whether to sympathise with the unfortunate wine-grower whom the thrush robs of his two bunches of grapes per day, the poacher who is caught and heavily fined for catching it, or with the bird itself. No one who has Browning's charming lines by heart on the thrush in an "English garden in Spring," will ever quietly sit down to such a repast, and, whenever I could, I lectured the people on this slaughter of singing birds for the dinner table, I fear to no purpose. Leaving the gourmand—whose proclivities90, by the way, are much encouraged throughout every stage of his journey in the Franche-Comté—let me advise the curious to study the beautiful interior of the church of St. Anatole dominating the town, also the equestrian91 statue of St. Maurice in the church of that name. The effect of this bit of supreme92 realism is almost ludicrous. The good old saint looks like some worthy93 countryman trotting94 off to market, and not at all like a holy martyr95 of the church.
In the Museum is seen a medallion portrait of Courbet, to which my cicerone pointed96 with an expression, of horror, as that of "the artist who pulled down the Vend97?me column."
My next stage was Arbois, a little town travellers should see on account of its charming situation in the winding valley, or "Cluse," of the Cuisance. Nothing can be prettier, or give a greater idea of prosperity, than these rich vine-yards sloping on all sides, the grapes purpling in spite of much bad weather; orchards98 with their ripening99 fruit; fields of maize100, the seed now bursting the pod, and of buckwheat now in full flower, the delicate pink and white blossom of which is so poetically102 called by Michelet "la neige d'été." No serenity103, no grandeur here, all is verdure, dimples, smiles; abundance of rich foliage and pasture, abundance also of clear limpid104 water, taking every form, springs, cascades, rivulets105, the little river Cuisance winding in and out amid vineyards and pastures over its rocky bed. You must follow this charming babbling106 river along the narrow valley to its twin sources in tangled107 glen and rock; the road winding between woods, vine-yards, and fantastic crags. The cluse, a narrow valley, is just paradisiacal, a bit of Eden made up of smooth pastures, rippling108 water, hanging woods, and golden glens, all this bright afternoon sparkling amid dew and sunshine. At one of these river sources, you see the tufa in course of formation in the river bed; in the other, the reverse process takes place, the tufa there being dissolved. Both sites are poetic101 and lovely in the extreme. I was sorry to hear of the devastation109 committed here by the o?dium, or vine blight110, and the dreaded111 phylloxera, which has already ruined thousands, causing a loss of just half the amount of the German war indemnity112. This redoubtable113 foe114 is not many leagues off! Measures are taken against the phylloxera, as against an invading army, but, at present, no remedy has been discovered; and, meantime, many once rich and happy wine-growers are reduced to beggary. It was heart-breaking to gaze on the sickly appearance of the vines already attacked by the o?dium, and to hear the harrowing accounts of the misery115 caused by an enemy more redoubtable still. Arbois, though so charming to look at, is far from being a little Eden. It is eminently a Catholic place; atheism116 and immorality117 abound118; bigotry119 among the women, scepticism among the men, a looseness in domestic morality among all classes characterize the population, whilst we need no information on the subject of dissipation generally. The numbers of cafés and cabarets speak volumes. There is, of course, in this townling, of not six thousand souls, a theatre, which is greatly resorted to. One old church has been turned into a theatre at Arbois, and another into the Halles, a third into the H?tel-de-Ville, a desecration120 we Protestants can but behold121 with aversion. Protestantism is a young and tender plant as yet in Arbois, the church and school, or so called culte, dating from ten years back only. The congregation consists of about fifty persons, all belonging to the poorer classes, and the position of a pastor122 there must be a sad one. He is constantly importuned123 for help, which, out of his slender income, he can ill afford to bestow124, and he is surrounded by spies, detractors, and adversaries125 on every side. That clericalism dominates here, we need not be told. The booksellers' shops are filled with tracts126 about the miracles of Lourdes, rosaries, and rubrics; the streets swarm127 with nuns128, Jesuits, and Frères Ignorantins. If you ask an intelligent lad of twelve if he can read and write, he shakes his head and says no. The town itself, which might be so attractive if a little attention were paid to hygienic and sanitary129 matters, is neglected and dirty. The people are talkative and amiable, and are richly endowed by nature, especially in the mathematical faculty130. It is said that every peasant in these parts is a born mathematician131, and curiously132 enough the distinguished133 names of Arbois are those of military engineers and lawyers, notably Generals David, Delort, and Baudrand, and the celebrated134 jurisconsult Courvoisier. Here, as in other towns of Franche-Comté, traces of the Spanish occupation remain in the street architecture, the arcades135 and picture-galleries lending character. Arbois, after Salins, is like an April glimpse of sunshine following a black thunder-cloud, so contrasted is the grace of the one with the severity of the other. Tourists never come here, and in these wayside inns the master acts as waiter and porter, the mistress as cook; they give you plenty of good food, for which they hardly like to receive anything at all, talk to you as if you were an old friend during your stay, and, at your departure, are ready to embrace you out of pure cordiality.
Something must be said about the famous Arbois wine, of which Henry the Fourth of France wrote to his friend the Duke of Mayenne upon their reconciliation:—"I have some Arbois wine in my cellar, of which I send you two bottles, for I am sure you will not dislike it." These wines, both red and yellow, find their way to connoisseurs136 in Paris, but are chiefly grown for home-consumption. There are several kinds, and the stranger in these regions must taste both the red and the yellow of various ages and qualities to judge of their merits. I drank some of the latter thirty years old, and certainly even to one to whom the pleasures of the palate are indifferent, it tasted much as nectar might be supposed to do on Mount Olympus. The grapes are dried on straw before making this yellow wine, and the process is a very delicate and elaborate one.
How wonderful it seems to find friends and welcomes in these unfrequented regions! Up till the moment of my departure from Arbois, a little town few English travellers have even heard of, I had been engaged in earnest friendly talk with a Protestant pastor, and also with a schoolmaster and Scripture137 reader from the heart of the Jura; and no sooner did I arrive at Lons-le-Saunier than I found myself as much at home in two charming family circles as if I had known them all my life. Amid the first of these I was compelled to accept hospitality, and at once took my place at the hospitable138 family board opposite two little curly heads, boy and girl; while, an hour or two after my arrival, I was sitting in the old-fashioned artistically139 furnished drawing-room of a Franche-Comté Catholic family, father, mother, son and young married daughter, all welcoming me as an old friend. This was not in the cheerful little town of Lons-le-Saunier itself, but in a neighbouring village to which I drove at once, for I knew that I had been expected several days before. Fruits, liqueurs, preserves, cakes, I know not what other good things were brought out to me, and after an hour or two delightfully140 spent in music and conversation, I left, promising141 to spend a long day with my kind friends before continuing my journey. It is impossible to give any idea of Franche-Comté hospitality; you are expected to taste of everything, and your pockets are crammed142 with the good things you cannot eat.
I had fortunately no experience of hotels here, but a glance I got at the first in the place, when calling there for letters, was far from inspiring confidence. A detachment of troops was passing through the town, and large numbers of officers were lodged143 in the hotel, turning it into a scene of indescribable confusion. The food is said to be first rate, but the rooms looked dirty and uninviting, and the noise was enough to drive anyone out of his wits. How refreshing to find myself in this quiet Presbytère on the outskirts144 of the town, no noise except the occasional pattering of little feet and happy sound of children's voices, almost absolute quiet indeed from morning to night! My window looks upon a charming hill clothed with vineyards, and, immediately underneath145, the large straggling garden of the Presbytère. The little church adjoins the house, and the school is also under the same roof, while the schoolmaster takes his place as a guest at the family table of the pastor. All is harmony, quiet enjoyment146, and peaceful domestic life.
Ah! what a different thing is the existence of a Catholic priest from that of a Protestant pastor! On the one side, we find selfishness, sensuality, and enforced isolation147 from the purifying influences of home and the domestic affections; a life out of harmony with the holiest instincts of human nature, and by the force of circumstances, detrimental148 not only to the individual himself, but to society at large—on the other, a high standard of social and domestic virtue149, a career of persistent150 self-denial, simplicity151, and dignified152 obedience153 to the natural laws and exigencies154 of society, a life indeed edifying155 to all, and, by virtue of its unselfishness, uplifting to the individual. No one who knows French life intimately can fail to be struck by the comparison between the two, and painful it is to think how the one is the rule, and the other the exception, in this favoured land of France!
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1
desolate
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| adj.荒凉的，荒芜的；孤独的，凄凉的；v.使荒芜，使孤寂 | |
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scant
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| adj.不充分的，不足的；v.减缩，限制，忽略 | |
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foliage
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| n.叶子，树叶，簇叶 | |
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wondrous
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| adj.令人惊奇的，奇妙的；adv.惊人地；异乎寻常地；令人惊叹地 | |
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lustre
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| n.光亮，光泽；荣誉 | |
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arid
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| adj.干旱的；(土地)贫瘠的 | |
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picturesque
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| adj.美丽如画的，（语言）生动的，绘声绘色的 | |
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cosmopolitan
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| adj.世界性的，全世界的，四海为家的，全球的 | |
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imposing
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| adj.使人难忘的，壮丽的，堂皇的，雄伟的 | |
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crested
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| adj.有顶饰的，有纹章的，有冠毛的v.到达山顶（或浪峰）( crest的过去式和过去分词 )；到达洪峰，达到顶点 | |
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delightful
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| adj.令人高兴的，使人快乐的 | |
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transparent
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| adj.明显的，无疑的；透明的 | |
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hygiene
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| n.健康法，卫生学 （a.hygienic） | |
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primitive
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| adj.原始的；简单的；n.原(始)人，原始事物 | |
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amiable
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| adj.和蔼可亲的，友善的，亲切的 | |
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laboriousness
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crimson
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| n./adj.深(绯)红色(的)；vi.脸变绯红色 | |
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hue
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| n.色度；色调；样子 | |
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tonic
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| n./adj.滋补品，补药，强身的，健体的 | |
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invaluable
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| adj.无价的，非常宝贵的，极为贵重的 | |
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monograph
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| n.专题文章，专题著作 | |
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devoted
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| adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的 | |
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meritorious
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| adj.值得赞赏的 | |
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notably
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| adv.值得注意地，显著地，尤其地，特别地 | |
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sculptor
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| n.雕刻家，雕刻家 | |
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ornament
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| v.装饰，美化；n.装饰，装饰物 | |
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ornamenting
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| v.装饰，点缀，美化( ornament的现在分词 ) | |
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surmounting
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| 战胜( surmount的现在分词 )； 克服（困难）； 居于…之上； 在…顶上 | |
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adorning
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| 修饰，装饰物 | |
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exquisite
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| adj.精美的；敏锐的；剧烈的，感觉强烈的 | |
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tapestries
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| n.挂毯( tapestry的名词复数 )；绣帷，织锦v.用挂毯（或绣帷）装饰( tapestry的第三人称单数 ) | |
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gateways
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| n.网关( gateway的名词复数 )；门径；方法；大门口 | |
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quaint
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| adj.古雅的，离奇有趣的，奇怪的 | |
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renaissance
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| n.复活，复兴，文艺复兴 | |
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panoramas
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| 全景画( panorama的名词复数 )； 全景照片； 一连串景象或事 | |
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eminently
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| adv.突出地；显著地；不寻常地 | |
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narrate
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| v.讲，叙述 | |
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grandeur
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| n.伟大，崇高，宏伟，庄严，豪华 | |
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upwards
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| adv.向上，在更高处...以上 | |
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abrupt
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| adj.突然的，意外的；唐突的，鲁莽的 | |
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enticing
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| adj.迷人的；诱人的 | |
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chilliness
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| n.寒冷，寒意，严寒 | |
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gourmand
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| n.嗜食者 | |
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homely
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| adj.家常的，简朴的；不漂亮的 | |
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salmon
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| n.鲑，大马哈鱼，橙红色的 | |
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trout
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| n.鳟鱼；鲑鱼(属) | |
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prawns
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| n.对虾，明虾( prawn的名词复数 ) | |
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landlady
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| n.女房东，女地主 | |
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sapphire
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| n.青玉，蓝宝石；adj.天蓝色的 | |
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clefts
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| n.裂缝( cleft的名词复数 )；裂口；cleave的过去式和过去分词；进退维谷 | |
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forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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exultingly
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| 兴高采烈地，得意地 | |
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onward
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| adj.向前的，前进的；adv.向前，前进，在先 | |
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54
cavern
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| n.洞穴，大山洞 | |
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55
cascades
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| 倾泻( cascade的名词复数 )； 小瀑布（尤指一连串瀑布中的一支）； 瀑布状物； 倾泻（或涌出）的东西 | |
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56
glistening
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| adj.闪耀的，反光的v.湿物闪耀，闪亮( glisten的现在分词 ) | |
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57
pebbly
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| 多卵石的，有卵石花纹的 | |
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58
exultation
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| n.狂喜，得意 | |
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59
hindrances
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| 阻碍者( hindrance的名词复数 )； 障碍物； 受到妨碍的状态 | |
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60
refreshing
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| adj.使精神振作的，使人清爽的，使人喜欢的 | |
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61
winding
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| n.绕，缠，绕组，线圈 | |
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62
chasm
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| n.深坑，断层，裂口，大分岐，利害冲突 | |
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63
caverns
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| 大山洞，大洞穴( cavern的名词复数 ) | |
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64
cultivation
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| n.耕作，培养，栽培（法），养成 | |
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65
ornamental
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| adj.装饰的；作装饰用的；n.装饰品；观赏植物 | |
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66
pottery
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| n.陶器，陶器场 | |
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67
standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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68
ware
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| n.(常用复数)商品，货物 | |
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69
wares
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| n. 货物, 商品 | |
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70
artistic
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| adj.艺术(家)的，美术(家)的；善于艺术创作的 | |
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71
arabesques
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| n.阿拉伯式花饰( arabesque的名词复数 )；错综图饰；阿拉伯图案；阿拉贝斯克芭蕾舞姿（独脚站立，手前伸，另一脚一手向后伸） | |
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72
specimen
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| n.样本，标本 | |
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73
random
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| adj.随机的；任意的；n.偶然的(或随便的)行动 | |
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74
conceal
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| v.隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽 | |
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75
porcelain
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| n.瓷；adj.瓷的，瓷制的 | |
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76
ceramic
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| n.制陶业，陶器，陶瓷工艺 | |
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77
complexions
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| 肤色( complexion的名词复数 )； 面色； 局面； 性质 | |
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78
animated
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| adj.生气勃勃的，活跃的，愉快的 | |
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79
discredit
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| vt.使不可置信；n.丧失信义；不信，怀疑 | |
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80
innocence
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| n.无罪；天真；无害 | |
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81
relish
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| n.滋味，享受，爱好，调味品；vt.加调味料，享受，品味；vi.有滋味 | |
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82
wretches
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| n.不幸的人( wretch的名词复数 )；可怜的人；恶棍；坏蛋 | |
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83
slaughter
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| n.屠杀，屠宰；vt.屠杀，宰杀 | |
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84
migratory
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| n.候鸟，迁移 | |
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85
larks
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| n.百灵科鸟（尤指云雀）( lark的名词复数 )；一大早就起床；鸡鸣即起；（因太费力而不想干时说）算了v.百灵科鸟（尤指云雀）( lark的第三人称单数 )；一大早就起床；鸡鸣即起；（因太费力而不想干时说）算了 | |
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86
nefarious
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| adj.恶毒的，极坏的 | |
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87
gendarmes
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| n.宪兵，警官( gendarme的名词复数 ) | |
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88
catching
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| adj.易传染的，有魅力的，迷人的，接住 | |
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89
dealing
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| n.经商方法，待人态度 | |
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90
proclivities
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| n.倾向，癖性( proclivity的名词复数 ) | |
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91
equestrian
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| adj.骑马的；n.马术 | |
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92
supreme
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| adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的 | |
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93
worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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94
trotting
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| 小跑，急走( trot的现在分词 )； 匆匆忙忙地走 | |
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95
martyr
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| n.烈士，殉难者；vt.杀害，折磨，牺牲 | |
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96
pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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97
vend
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| v.公开表明观点，出售，贩卖 | |
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98
orchards
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| （通常指围起来的）果园( orchard的名词复数 ) | |
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99
ripening
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| v.成熟，使熟( ripen的现在分词 )；熟化；熟成 | |
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100
maize
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| n.玉米 | |
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101
poetic
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| adj.富有诗意的，有诗人气质的，善于抒情的 | |
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102
poetically
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| adv.有诗意地，用韵文 | |
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103
serenity
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| n.宁静，沉着，晴朗 | |
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104
limpid
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| adj.清澈的，透明的 | |
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105
rivulets
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| n.小河，小溪( rivulet的名词复数 ) | |
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106
babbling
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| n.胡说，婴儿发出的咿哑声adj.胡说的v.喋喋不休( babble的现在分词 )；作潺潺声（如流水）；含糊不清地说话；泄漏秘密 | |
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107
tangled
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| adj. 纠缠的，紊乱的 动词tangle的过去式和过去分词 | |
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108
rippling
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| 起涟漪的，潺潺流水般声音的 | |
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109
devastation
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| n.毁坏；荒废；极度震惊或悲伤 | |
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110
blight
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| n.枯萎病；造成破坏的因素；vt.破坏，摧残 | |
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111
dreaded
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| adj.令人畏惧的；害怕的v.害怕，恐惧，担心( dread的过去式和过去分词) | |
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112
indemnity
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| n.赔偿，赔款，补偿金 | |
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113
redoubtable
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| adj.可敬的；可怕的 | |
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114
foe
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| n.敌人，仇敌 | |
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115
misery
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| n.痛苦，苦恼，苦难；悲惨的境遇，贫苦 | |
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116
atheism
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| n.无神论，不信神 | |
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117
immorality
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| n. 不道德, 无道义 | |
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118
abound
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| vi.大量存在；(in，with)充满，富于 | |
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119
bigotry
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| n.偏见，偏执，持偏见的行为[态度]等 | |
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120
desecration
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| n. 亵渎神圣, 污辱 | |
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121
behold
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| v.看，注视，看到 | |
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122
pastor
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| n.牧师，牧人 | |
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123
importuned
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| v.纠缠，向（某人）不断要求( importune的过去式和过去分词 )；（妓女）拉（客） | |
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124
bestow
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| v.把…赠与，把…授予；花费 | |
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125
adversaries
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| n.对手，敌手( adversary的名词复数 ) | |
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126
tracts
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| 大片土地( tract的名词复数 )； 地带； （体内的）道； （尤指宣扬宗教、伦理或政治的）短文 | |
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127
swarm
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| n.(昆虫)等一大群；vi.成群飞舞；蜂拥而入 | |
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128
nuns
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| n.（通常指基督教的）修女， （佛教的）尼姑( nun的名词复数 ) | |
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129
sanitary
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| adj.卫生方面的，卫生的，清洁的，卫生的 | |
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130
faculty
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| n.才能；学院，系；(学院或系的)全体教学人员 | |
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131
mathematician
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| n.数学家 | |
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132
curiously
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| adv.有求知欲地；好问地；奇特地 | |
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133
distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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134
celebrated
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| adj.有名的，声誉卓著的 | |
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135
arcades
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| n.商场( arcade的名词复数 )；拱形走道（两旁有商店或娱乐设施）；连拱廊；拱形建筑物 | |
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136
connoisseurs
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| n.鉴赏家，鉴定家，行家( connoisseur的名词复数 ) | |
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137
scripture
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| n.经文，圣书，手稿；Scripture:(常用复数)《圣经》，《圣经》中的一段 | |
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138
hospitable
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| adj.好客的；宽容的；有利的，适宜的 | |
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139
artistically
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| adv.艺术性地 | |
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140
delightfully
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| 大喜，欣然 | |
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141
promising
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| adj.有希望的，有前途的 | |
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142
crammed
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| adj.塞满的，挤满的；大口地吃；快速贪婪地吃v.把…塞满；填入；临时抱佛脚( cram的过去式) | |
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143
lodged
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| v.存放( lodge的过去式和过去分词 )；暂住；埋入；（权利、权威等）归属 | |
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144
outskirts
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| n.郊外，郊区 | |
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145
underneath
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| adj.在...下面，在...底下；adv.在下面 | |
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146
enjoyment
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| n.乐趣；享有；享用 | |
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147
isolation
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| n.隔离，孤立，分解，分离 | |
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148
detrimental
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| adj.损害的，造成伤害的 | |
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149
virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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150
persistent
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| adj.坚持不懈的，执意的；持续的 | |
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151
simplicity
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| n.简单，简易；朴素；直率，单纯 | |
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152
dignified
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| a.可敬的，高贵的 | |
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153
obedience
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| n.服从，顺从 | |
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154
exigencies
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| n.急切需要 | |
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155
edifying
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| adj.有教训意味的，教训性的，有益的v.开导，启发( edify的现在分词 ) | |
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