“The love of country is creditable to every heart; and I would have you, boys, cherish it in yours. I would, if I could, have every soldier, and indeed every Englishman, take for his motto,
‘Old England for ever!
The land, boys, we live in!’
and make up his mind that it is his bounden duty to do all he can for the country that gave him birth. Most of the old boys at Greenwich 182Hospital, and Chelsea College, who have lost an arm or a leg, or are otherwise injured, would heartily2 join in this sentiment, though they somehow seem to think fighting, and their country’s good, the same thing.”
“When a soldier is wounded, no doubt he tries to comfort himself with the honour he has got in the battle?”
“O boys! boys! ‘Will honour take away the grief of a wound?’ A soldier had need have something better to support him than the mere3 love of glory: he ought to have the consolation4 of knowing that he has fought in a just cause, and that it is his country’s good, and not his own that he aims at. In my time, perhaps, I have run after the bubble glory as ardently6 as the boy pursues his butterfly; but there are seasons—I speak from experience—when the heart of a soldier is sick of war; and then he muses7 and moralizes like other men. When, harassed8, day after day, and night after night, when, bivouacing on the cold ground, or watching by the dying embers of the camp-fire, and, especially, when lying among the wounded on the battle-field, he sees friends and foes9 around him who have been swept down by the sharp scythe10 of war, he yearns11 for the calm quiet, the soothing12 peacefulness of a happy home, where the wasting sword of battle is unknown; and then, like others, he can break out in ardent5 exclamations13 against mad ambition, questioning the value of 183mere glory, and even doubting the lawfulness14 of making earthly honours an object of his desires.
‘O glory! glory! Mighty15 one on earth!
How justly imaged by the waterfall!
So wild and furious in thy sparkling birth,
Dashing thy torrents16 down, and dazzling all;
Sublimely17 breaking from thy glorious height,
Majestic18, thundering, beautiful, and bright.
‘Oh! what is human glory, human pride?
What are man’s triumphs, when they brightest seem?
What art thou, mighty one! though deified?
Methuselah’s long pilgrimage—a dream!
Our age is but a shade, our life a tale,
A vacant fancy, or a passing gale19.’
“You see, that though I am an old soldier, I have no notion of men fighting for mere glory. The good of their country and the real welfare of those around them is a better motive20 to move a soldier’s or a sailor’s heart than all the glory that can be acquired.”
“Officers sometimes fight duels22, uncle, that cannot be for the good of their country.”
“Very true. He who kills another in a duel21 lays up for himself a bed of briers and a pillow of thorns. There are restless nights and ugly dreams in store for him. Perhaps you may have heard of the reply that was once given to a challenge. As, however, it is short, I will repeat it to you. It ran pretty much in this manner: ‘I have two objections to this duel affair; the one is, lest I 184should hurt you, and the other is, lest you should hurt me. I do not see any good that it would do me to put a bullet through any part, though even the least dangerous part of your body. As to myself, I think it more sensible to avoid than to place myself in the way of anything harmful. I am under great apprehension23 you might hit me: that being the case, I think it more advisable to stay at a distance. If you want to try your pistols, take some object—a tree, or anything else about my dimensions; if you hit that, send me word, and I shall acknowledge that if I had been in the same place you might have hit me.’”
“That was a famous answer, however.”
“I once saw a caricature of two sailors fighting a duel in a saw-pit with blunderbusses. If this method should ever become popular, the number of duels will not be very great. ‘Do you know the use of the sword?’ was once tauntingly24 asked of a brave officer by a mad-headed young ensign, who wished to provoke him to a duel. ‘Better than you do, young man,’ was the noble reply: ‘A soldier’s sword should defend his country from her foes, and not be plunged25 into the hearts of her friends.’ I knew a private soldier in the dragoons, well educated, but of a proud and violent temper, who quarrelled with his captain, and sent him a challenge. The captain refused to fight with a private; and this so wounded the pride of the dragoon that he destroyed himself with one of his 185own pistole. I would have all such untractable, reckless spirits discharged from the army.”
“When are soldiers discharged?”
“Under different circumstances. We will not here allude26 to desertion, for then, men and muskets27 too sometimes go off without being discharged. At times soldiers are found unfit for service; they have purchased their liberty; the army has been reduced; their period of service has been completed; or some crime has been committed by them, on account of which they are dismissed with disgrace. It often happens, however, that a soldier, unfit for one duty, is very capable of performing another, and thus many are invalided28; they are put on garrison29 duty, though unfit for general service.”
“Ay! that seems a very good plan. Garrison-duty, then, is not so hard as other service?”
“It is not. Sometimes, when soldiers are discharged, they have pensions, and sometimes they have not. Many a man, who is not active enough for a picquet in the field, makes a good sentinel in garrison.”
“What is a picquet?”
“A picquet is an out-guard, posted before an army, to reconnoitre and give notice of the approach of an enemy. Picquets have been called the watchdogs of an army.”
“Is a picquet and a sentinel the same?”
“No; for a sentinel is one man, whereas picquets are often strong bodies of horse and foot. Sentinels 186in the night should be careful not to give false alarms. I knew of one case, wherein a camp was put in confusion by a sentinel firing his piece at a horse, which had strayed; the sentinel mistook the animal for an enemy—the alarm became general, but at last the cause of it was discovered. In case of a sudden surprise, the picquet guard make what resistance they can, that the army may have time to get ready. Picquets should be composed of smart fellows, all alive and equal to their undertaking30; men who will behave kindly31 to the inhabitants around them, and keep on good terms with them. Telescopes and pocket-compasses are very necessary to picquets. At night, sounds may be heard at a great distance, and the vedettes posted by the picquet, should be very silent to catch a distant sound. At night, too, a person can see better, looking up hill than looking down. These, and a hundred other things, should be well known by picquets, to render them thoroughly32 useful.”
“You did not say what a vedette was?”
“A vedette is a sentinel on horseback. His carbine should be advanced ready for use, and his horse’s head turned in the direction of expected danger. Once, when I was on a picquet in Spain, near Corunna, a vedette gave the alarm, and a body of horse burst upon us so suddenly that had it not been for a couple of carts and some timber, which we had but just dragged across the narrow 187pass before us, every soldier must have been sacrificed. These are moments that try men, and tell us what they are. Advanced guards are parties of horse or foot, and frequently of both the one and the other, marching on before large forces, and thus covering the front of a column.”
“How do soldiers manage when a flag of truce is sent?”
“I will tell you. A flag of truce is sent to an enemy when a cessation of hostilities33 is required; when time is wanted to bury the dead, or when articles of peace are about to be drawn34 up. It is the duty of an officer carrying a flag of truce to make the best of his eyes, that he may observe all he can of the strength and position of the enemy. And when a flag of truce arrives the receivers of it should blindfold35 the messenger who bears it, if he goes to head-quarters. The bearer of a flag of truce is generally preceded by a trumpeter.”
“How do soldiers manage to get across brooks36, that are deep, and rivers? That must be no easy matter?”
“The crossing of great rivers is one of the most difficult of military operations, yet this is frequently necessary to be done in the face of an enemy. It is effected in different ways; sometimes a river, which cannot be crossed in a straight line, may be crossed in a slant37 one. When not fordable at all, pontoons, and pontoon 188bridges are resorted to. Pontoons are flat-bottomed boats, made of wood, but lined with tin or copper38, as the case may be, a little better than twenty feet long. Bridges of boats, too, are used, as well as cables, stretched from the bank by tackles and capstans, and resting on the decks of vessels39, moored41 at different distances. Flying bridges are at times very serviceable. They are formed by anchoring a floating body in the water to receive the action of the stream obliquely42, by which a force is derived43 from the current to move the vessel40 across the river. Then, there are rafts of timber, casks, air-tight cases, and inflated44 skins, resorted to, as well as carriage-bridges, and suspension-bridges, bridges on trestles, piles, truss-frames, and other applications of carpentry.”
“Oh! tell us what an inspection45 is?”
“Inspections46, like many other duties, are only useful when they are well and efficiently47 performed. An inspecting general should have a thorough knowledge of his profession, a quick eye, a sound judgment48, a love for the service, a nice sense of honour, and an independent mind, altogether inaccessible49 to flattery. In a word, he should do what he undertakes to do; he should patiently and narrowly examine the troops under inspection, commending and encouraging soldierlike conduct, and reproving and correcting what is deserving of censure50.”
189“No doubt, inspections must be very good things!”
“I will show you how an inspection may be rendered useless. Fancy to yourselves, boys, a general, setting off with his aid-de-camp in a great bustle51, and in high good humour, determined52 to hurry through his duties. You may be sure that the colonel and the adjutant of the troops to be inspected will not be inattentive to him; and if the colonel and adjutant are forward, the paymaster, the quarter-master, and the surgeon are not likely to be backward. How can the kind-hearted general make himself disagreeable to others by finding fault, when every one is trying to be agreeable to him? The thing is out of the question; and he looks with a favourable53 eye on everything in the barracks, the hospital, and the books. He is highly gratified in finding such order and discipline, and praises much, and censures54 very little. He must be very different from the common character of men, if a well-supplied mess, good wines, and complimentary55 speeches, should sour his temper; so that when the review, the grand field-day comes, on the morrow, he must be a Turk if he does not regard things with a kindly spirit. He is struck with the admirable manner in which the battalion56 is put through the man?uvres by the senior major and captain; both manual and platoon exercises are ably performed, and all goes 190off surprisingly. With a courteous57 and condescending58 air, he approaches the colonel, in the fulness of his heart, and thus addresses him:—‘Colonel, the soldierlike bearing, and general appearance of the men under your command, afford me much satisfaction. They show what British soldiers, under the command of British officers, can attain59. Their steadiness and promptitude under arms, and the correctness and precision of their movements, are highly creditable to you and to them. I trust that a spirit of emulation60 will be kept up among the troops, so that they will never decline from their present high state of efficiency, nor forfeit61 the good opinion they now deserve.’ Now, if all this were to be huddled62 up in haste, instead of occupying a reasonable time for its accomplishment63, and good humour and kindly feeling were thus allowed to take the place of discipline and duty, it is clear that very little advantage would be obtained from the inspection. A sense of duty, and a high and honourable64 bearing, should fill the bosom65 of a soldier, whether he be a drill-sergeant or a commanding-officer.”
“A review must be a grand sight!”
“Many of them are very much so. The review which took place 7th July, 1824, before the Duke of York, when the guards were present, is thus described:—‘The whole of the movements were executed with a degree of precision which excited universal admiration66, and received 191the unqualified approbation67 of the commander-in-chief. It would be difficult to imagine anything, except an actual field-of-battle, more terrific than the view of the troops when performing some of the attacks. One brigade charging at full gallop68, the other supporting them in the rear; the roaring of the artillery69 in the flanks; the irregular discharge of carbines by the pursuers; the sounding of trumpets70, and neighing of steeds, all combined in forcing upon the mind a powerful idea of a scene of real warfare71.’ A presentation is often an imposing72 spectacle.”
“What is a presentation?”
“Presentations are of different kinds. Sometimes colours are presented, and sometimes other things. In January 1831, King William was pleased to declare himself colonel-in-chief of the household brigade of cavalry73, consisting of the first and second regiments75 of life-guards and the royal regiment74 of horse-guards. His Majesty76 expressed his intention to present to each of the two regiments of life-guards a pair of silver kettle drums, constructed of fine silver, ornamented77 with royal and regimental devices, of fretted78 silver, in high relief, with the name of the sovereign, the number and title of the regiment, and the date of presentation, on each drum. The second regiment received these May 6th, 1831. When the ninetieth regiment of light-infantry was presented with a new stand of colours, in 192the square of the Royal Hospital, Kilmainham, Lieutenant-General Sir Hussey Vivian concluded his address to the troops in the following words:—
“Before I conclude, I must impress upon you, that at all times the watchword of a soldier ought to be ‘Honour and fidelity79.’ To attain this, the governing principle of his conduct must be, ‘obedience to the orders of his superiors.’ I will remind you of the last, that most impressive order of that great naval80 commander, who fell in the most glorious victory ever gained by the navy of England, and who in falling sealed the maritime81 ascendency of the country, annihilating82 the fleets of France and Spain,—I say, I must remind you of that last, that most impressive order, which he issued to those brave men under his command, calling upon them to recollect83 that ‘England expects every man to do his duty,’ an order so nobly given, and so gloriously and triumphantly84 executed, that the remembrance of it can never be effaced85 from the annals of our country. And, lastly, I must beg of you never to forget, when marching against the enemy to victory and glory, as I have no doubt you will do, should an opportunity offer; I say, when marching against the enemy under those colours which I now place in your care, I call on you never to forget that they are to be stained only with your blood; to be surrendered only with your lives.”
193“Sir Hussey Vivian knew how to animate86 his men.”
“Many military men say, that camps of instruction ought to be formed in England, that soldiers may become more accustomed to the usages of war, and made more perfect in their duty. They have them in France, and other countries: and one bad effect has certainly followed the plan, it has made the people more fond of fighting than they were before. You are no smokers87, boys, and therefore can hardly conceive what a luxury a cigar is, under some circumstances. You shall hear what a brother officer says on the subject.”
“Ay! let us know all about his cigar.”
“‘Late on the eve of the memorable88 battle of Waterloo,’ says one who was engaged in the strife89, ‘the regiment to which I belonged took up its position on that hard-fought field, in front of Hougomont, or, more properly speaking, the Chateau90 de Goumont, a strong farm-house, and the key-stone of the British line. The sun set red, ominously91 foretelling92 stormy weather; and about dark the rain descended93 in torrents. Our situation, as may easily be conceived, was none of the most enviable, being totally destitute94 of tents or field matériel. We bivouacked in line; and here and there might be seen, through the murky95 gloom of night, men huddled together, trying to retain that animal heat so necessary 194to our existence, to say nothing of our comfort. A party of half-a-dozen of us gathered round a fire of half-ignited logs of wood, trying, by every means ingenuity96 could invent, to nurse it into flame, and prevent the rain utterly97 drowning its genial98 influence. We were sitting despondingly, wet, and talking over our probable fate in the morrow’s fight, when, by some unaccountable influence, I put my hand into the side-pocket of my grey great coat. I felt a something; I withdrew my hand with a mingled99 feeling of joy and fear; joy, occasioned by the unlooked-for discovery; fear, from a dread100 of being disappointed if I prosecuted101 my search without ultimate success; when, having essayed again, to my great delight, and to the envy of my companions, I pulled out a cigar,—my last cigar! I seized the half-ignited stick and applied102 it to the weed,—alas! no smoke rewarded my efforts. I cursed my folly103 for so carelessly exposing it in my pocket: I rolled it and unrolled it; in fact, I tried all the arts that smokers have invented to doctor a bad cigar, when, after half-an-hour’s patient endeavour, I elicited104 a blue curling cloud from my last cigar. Happy moment! Though years have intervened, never have I forgotten that most ecstatic speck105 in the few hours of terrestrial happiness I have met with.’”
195“Poor fellow! How he must have enjoyed it!”
“No doubt he did, boys! It recalls to my mind not only the memorable plains of Waterloo, but also many a camp-scene, wherein comforts were scarce. It sets before me bygone struggles in company with those who are now no more. Vimiera, Corunna, Busaco, Salamanca, and Vittoria, rise before me! To the memory of many who fought and fell on Spanish ground, the following beautiful lines would be an appropriate tribute:—
“It was not in holy ground,
Bless’d by white-rob’d priest, they laid him,
But on the field,
While the cannon106 peal’d,
A hasty grave they made him,
With the brave around.
“It was not in costly107 shroud108,
Sewn by cherish’d hands, they wound him,
But on the plain,
Soil’d by many a stain,
They wrapped his cloak around him,
While the strife was loud.
“It was not by the tolling109 bell
That to his grave they bore him;
By the iron note
Of the cannon’s throat
They cast the cold sods o’er him,
Where he bravely fell!
196“It was not by a sculptur’d stone
That in after-years they found him:
They knew full well
Where he fought and fell,
With the bold and the brave around him,
Ere the fight was done!”
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收听单词发音
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1
truce
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| n.休战，(争执，烦恼等的)缓和；v.以停战结束 | |
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heartily
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| adv.衷心地，诚恳地，十分，很 | |
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mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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consolation
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| n.安慰，慰问 | |
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ardent
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| adj.热情的，热烈的，强烈的，烈性的 | |
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6
ardently
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| adv.热心地，热烈地 | |
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muses
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| v.沉思，冥想( muse的第三人称单数 )；沉思自语说（某事） | |
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8
harassed
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| adj. 疲倦的，厌烦的 动词harass的过去式和过去分词 | |
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9
foes
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| 敌人，仇敌( foe的名词复数 ) | |
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scythe
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| n. 长柄的大镰刀，战车镰； v. 以大镰刀割 | |
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yearns
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| 渴望，切盼，向往( yearn的第三人称单数 ) | |
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soothing
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| adj.慰藉的；使人宽心的；镇静的 | |
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exclamations
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| n.呼喊( exclamation的名词复数 )；感叹；感叹语；感叹词 | |
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lawfulness
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| 法制，合法 | |
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mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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torrents
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| n.倾注；奔流( torrent的名词复数 )；急流；爆发；连续不断 | |
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sublimely
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| 高尚地，卓越地 | |
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majestic
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| adj.雄伟的，壮丽的，庄严的，威严的，崇高的 | |
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gale
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| n.大风，强风，一阵闹声（尤指笑声等） | |
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motive
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| n.动机，目的；adv.发动的，运动的 | |
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duel
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| n./v.决斗；(双方的)斗争 | |
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duels
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| n.两男子的决斗( duel的名词复数 )；竞争，斗争 | |
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apprehension
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| n.理解，领悟；逮捕，拘捕；忧虑 | |
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tauntingly
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| 嘲笑地，辱骂地； 嘲骂地 | |
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plunged
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| v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降 | |
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allude
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| v.提及，暗指 | |
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muskets
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| n.火枪，（尤指）滑膛枪( musket的名词复数 ) | |
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invalided
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| 使伤残（invalid的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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garrison
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| n.卫戍部队；驻地，卫戍区；vt.派(兵)驻防 | |
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undertaking
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| n.保证，许诺，事业 | |
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kindly
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| adj.和蔼的，温和的，爽快的；adv.温和地，亲切地 | |
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thoroughly
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| adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地 | |
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33
hostilities
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| n.战争；敌意(hostility的复数)；敌对状态；战事 | |
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drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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35
blindfold
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| vt.蒙住…的眼睛；adj.盲目的；adv.盲目地；n.蒙眼的绷带[布等]； 障眼物，蒙蔽人的事物 | |
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brooks
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| n.小溪( brook的名词复数 ) | |
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slant
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| v.倾斜，倾向性地编写或报道；n.斜面，倾向 | |
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38
copper
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| n.铜；铜币；铜器；adj.铜(制)的；(紫)铜色的 | |
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39
vessels
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| n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人 | |
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vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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41
moored
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| adj. 系泊的 动词moor的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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42
obliquely
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| adv.斜； 倾斜； 间接； 不光明正大 | |
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43
derived
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| vi.起源；由来；衍生；导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取 | |
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44
inflated
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| adj.（价格）飞涨的；（通货）膨胀的；言过其实的；充了气的v.使充气（于轮胎、气球等）( inflate的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）膨胀；（使）通货膨胀；物价上涨 | |
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45
inspection
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| n.检查，审查，检阅 | |
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inspections
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| n.检查( inspection的名词复数 )；检验；视察；检阅 | |
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47
efficiently
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| adv.高效率地，有能力地 | |
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48
judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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49
inaccessible
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| adj.达不到的，难接近的 | |
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50
censure
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| v./n.责备；非难；责难 | |
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51
bustle
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| v.喧扰地忙乱，匆忙，奔忙；n.忙碌；喧闹 | |
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determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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favourable
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| adj.赞成的，称赞的，有利的，良好的，顺利的 | |
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censures
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| v.指责，非难，谴责( censure的第三人称单数 ) | |
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complimentary
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| adj.赠送的，免费的，赞美的，恭维的 | |
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battalion
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| n.营；部队；大队(的人) | |
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courteous
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| adj.彬彬有礼的，客气的 | |
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condescending
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| adj.谦逊的,故意屈尊的 | |
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59
attain
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| vt.达到，获得，完成 | |
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emulation
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| n.竞争；仿效 | |
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forfeit
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| vt.丧失；n.罚金，罚款，没收物 | |
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huddled
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| 挤在一起（huddle的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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accomplishment
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| n.完成，成就，（pl.）造诣，技能 | |
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honourable
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| adj.可敬的；荣誉的，光荣的 | |
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bosom
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| n.胸，胸部；胸怀；内心；adj.亲密的 | |
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admiration
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| n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕 | |
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approbation
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| n.称赞；认可 | |
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gallop
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| v./n.(马或骑马等)飞奔；飞速发展 | |
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artillery
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| n.(军)火炮，大炮；炮兵(部队) | |
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trumpets
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| 喇叭( trumpet的名词复数 )； 小号； 喇叭形物； （尤指）绽开的水仙花 | |
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warfare
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| n.战争(状态)；斗争；冲突 | |
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imposing
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| adj.使人难忘的，壮丽的，堂皇的，雄伟的 | |
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cavalry
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| n.骑兵；轻装甲部队 | |
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regiment
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| n.团，多数，管理；v.组织，编成团，统制 | |
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regiments
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| （军队的）团( regiment的名词复数 )； 大量的人或物 | |
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majesty
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| n.雄伟，壮丽，庄严，威严；最高权威，王权 | |
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ornamented
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| adj.花式字体的v.装饰，点缀，美化( ornament的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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fretted
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| 焦躁的，附有弦马的，腐蚀的 | |
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fidelity
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| n.忠诚，忠实；精确 | |
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naval
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| adj.海军的，军舰的，船的 | |
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maritime
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| adj.海的，海事的，航海的，近海的，沿海的 | |
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annihilating
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| v.（彻底）消灭( annihilate的现在分词 )；使无效；废止；彻底击溃 | |
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recollect
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| v.回忆，想起，记起，忆起，记得 | |
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triumphantly
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| ad.得意洋洋地；得胜地；成功地 | |
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effaced
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| v.擦掉( efface的过去式和过去分词 )；抹去；超越；使黯然失色 | |
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animate
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| v.赋于生命，鼓励；adj.有生命的，有生气的 | |
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smokers
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| 吸烟者( smoker的名词复数 ) | |
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memorable
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| adj.值得回忆的，难忘的，特别的，显著的 | |
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strife
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| n.争吵，冲突，倾轧，竞争 | |
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chateau
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| n.城堡，别墅 | |
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ominously
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| adv.恶兆地，不吉利地；预示地 | |
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foretelling
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| v.预言，预示( foretell的现在分词 ) | |
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descended
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| a.为...后裔的，出身于...的 | |
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destitute
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| adj.缺乏的；穷困的 | |
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murky
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| adj.黑暗的，朦胧的；adv.阴暗地，混浊地；n.阴暗；昏暗 | |
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ingenuity
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| n.别出心裁；善于发明创造 | |
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utterly
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| adv.完全地，绝对地 | |
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genial
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| adj.亲切的，和蔼的，愉快的，脾气好的 | |
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99
mingled
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| 混合，混入( mingle的过去式和过去分词 )； 混进，与…交往[联系] | |
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100
dread
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| vt.担忧，忧虑；惧怕，不敢；n.担忧，畏惧 | |
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101
prosecuted
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| a.被起诉的 | |
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applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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103
folly
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| n.愚笨，愚蠢，蠢事，蠢行，傻话 | |
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104
elicited
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| 引出，探出( elicit的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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105
speck
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| n.微粒，小污点，小斑点 | |
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106
cannon
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| n.大炮，火炮；飞机上的机关炮 | |
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107
costly
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| adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的 | |
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108
shroud
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| n.裹尸布，寿衣；罩，幕；vt.覆盖，隐藏 | |
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109
tolling
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| [财]来料加工 | |
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