"Damn it, sir! You don't own the whole world yet."
I went on in terse8 military German which eighty per cent. of all Russian officers know and the trend of which is never misunderstood. I pointed9 out that any further encroaching would be resented in a most drastic and sudden manner. The usual farcical exchange of cards, permitting all sorts of bluffs11, does not impress a Russian, but the imminent12 chance of blows from fists does. A pair of astonished bulging13 eyes, a muttered apology and quietness reigned14.
With a mild smile Baron Huraki dropped into his chair, but I did not like the expression in his eyes. Knowing the prowess of the Baron as an exponent15 of his national system of self-defense16 (I had seen him harmlessly toss about the biggest sailor on the Bayern, the chief butcher, who was as strong as an ox), I said:
"It's a wonder to me, Baron, that you didn't throw that boor17 half way across the deck."
I shall never forget his answer.
"We of the Samurai never fight when there is nothing behind it. It is not the time."
I did not like the expression in his eyes.
All this transpired18 because I was on the road to Singapore, away from Berlin, on my first important mission in the German Secret Service. The Intelligence Department had instructed me to ascertain19 the extent of the new docks and fortifications in course of completion in the Straits Settlements--an assignment calling for exact topographical data, photographs and plans.
Leaving port, I had found the Bayern comfortably crowded. In the East war clouds were gathering20 and among the passengers were a number of Japanese called home, as I afterwards learned, for the impending21 struggle. At Port Said we had taken on a Russian contingent22, quite a few of whom were officers bound for Port Arthur, Dalny and Vladivostock, and in view of the gathering conflict I found the relative conduct and bearing of representatives of these races that were soon to clash, vastly interesting.
And after my experience with the Russians, I was to know more. From that time on, I began to notice a subtle change in Baron Huraki's attitude toward me. Quite of his own accord he discussed with me the customs, ideals and aspirations23 of his caste and country. Wrapped in a Shuai kimono, his gift to me, we spent many hot and otherwise tedious nights, sprawled24 in our deck chairs, discussing unreservedly the questions of the East. What I learned then and the insight I got into the aims and character of Nippon, were invaluable25 to me. Baron Huraki, now high in the services of the Mikado, is my friend still. Once a year he sends me Shuraino-Ariki, a wonderful spray of cherry blossoms, the Japanese symbol of rejuvenating26 friendship.
A Secret Service agent, although making no friends or acquaintances, always makes it his business to converse27 with and study his fellow travelers. Following my usual habit, I went out of my way to cultivate the acquaintance of the Japanese, particularly Huraki. A scholar of no mean attainments28 was the Baron.
Quietly, without being didactic, he upheld his end in most discussions on applied29 sciences or philosophic30 arguments, putting forth31 his deep knowledge in an unobtrusive way. I found this trait to be an invariable rule with most of the Japanese with whom I came in contact. Once or twice during our lengthy32 and pleasant chats I tried to veer33 the subject round to the all-engrossing Eastern question, only to be met with the maddening bland34 smile of the East. I was rather inexperienced in the fathomless35, undefinable ways of the Orient, but on the Bayern I learned rapidly the truths that Western methods and strategy are absolutely useless against the impenetrable stoicism of an Asiatic and that only personal regard and obligation on their part will produce results. In striking contrast to the Japanese, small and sinewy36, any two of them weighing no more than one Russian, quiet, taciturn, genial37 and abstemious38, were the children of the "Little White Father." The Russians were an aggressive, big, well set up, heavy type of men, by no means teetotalers, talkative, with overbearing swagger, always posing, talking contemptuously about the possible struggle in the East, invariably referring to the Japanese as "little monkey men." Fortunate for me was it that the Bayern was carrying both Russians and Japanese; the knowledge I acquired from Baron Huraki of the Asiatics was invaluable in Singapore; what I learned of Russians, I needed at Port Arthur. But I am anticipating my narrative39.
Arriving in Singapore, I put up at the Hotel de la Paix on the Marine40 Parade. I posed as an ordinary tourist with a leaning toward hunting and a fad41 of doing research work in tropical botany. I gradually became acquainted with a number of English officers and was introduced at their clubs. The information obtained through these channels about the new naval42 base was merely theoretical and I soon found that to obtain practical results I would have to get in touch with the native clerks. In the English Eastern possessions, you see, most clerical and minor43 mechanical positions are held by natives. It soon was brought home to me, though, that this cultivating natives was by no means easy and a rather dangerous thing to do. To be in any way successful, I had to find a native of a higher caste, one with sufficient influence to command the clerks. If I could get hold of one of the numerable discontented petty rajahs, for instance, there might be a chance of obtaining what I sought.
In one of the clubs, I found a clue. A young Rajah, one of the numerous coterie44 of petty princes--fair play compels me to withhold45 his name--had got himself into some trouble and the paternal46 government had promptly47 suspended his income. Here was my chance. I soon ascertained48 young Rajah's haunts and made it my business to frequent them. One day I found him on the veranda49 of the Marine Hotel and asked him for a match, making a return compliment of a cigarette. This was a procedure against established British social usage in the East, where it is considered infra dig to meet a native on a social footing. Herein lies a grave danger to English colonial policy. Your semi-European educated native, having partly absorbed European manners, resents this subordination and ostracism50. So, with this high-spirited, rather clever young rajah. I accepted his invitation to whiskey "pegs51" and subsequent dinner at his bungalow52. One visit led to another and we were soon rather intimate. The young Rajah, having the usual native taste for luxury well developed and his income stopped, I became of some monetary53 assistance to him. Also, judiciously54 fostering his discontent against the government, I soon had him in a desired frame of mind. Through his influence on the native clerks, I was able to gain all the plans, data and photographs of England's new naval base in the Straits Settlement.
By this time my close association with this notorious young Rajah was marked and I found it advisable to pull up stakes, which I did in short order, arranging passage on the N. D. L. liner Sachsen, homeward bound. Having a week to spare and finding that by leaving the Sachsen at Colombo, I could catch the Prinz Regent Leopold of the same line, coming up from Australia en route for Europe, I had my ticket transferred. This would give me a ten-day vacation in Ceylon, where I had a number of acquaintances, having hunted there during my early travels. Accordingly, at Colombo I put up at the Galle Face Hotel, and the first man I met was Allan MacGregor, one of Lipton's tea estate managers, in Kandy and Newara Elya. MacGregor and I were old pals55, having done much hunting and bridge playing in days gone by. I planned to spend a week with him and go after some leopards56. By the by, I'd like to see the MacGregor's face when he learns that his quondam friend and boon57 companion was an international spy!
"Dinna get sair, Mac. You're no the only chiel what'll tak a wee surprise."
I was just arranging a hunting trip with MacGregor when Bill Peters, manager of the hotel, another old acquaintance, handed me a cable knocking all my plans to bits. It was a cipher58 message from Captain von Tappken, and shortly I was again on the high sea, bound not for home, but for Port Arthur. My orders were to ascertain how far the Port Arthur fortifications were completed and to report on the general conditions as I found them. I wondered not a little at this mission, as I could not then see what close interest Germany could have in a possible war between Russia and Japan. Also, I by no means relished59 the assignment, for it was a perilous60 business and I judged the Russians to be extremely suspicious--which I afterwards learned they were not.
I decided61 to travel under the cloak of a doctor of natural history and botany, my medical training giving me the necessary knowledge to impersonate the character. The reader will understand that if Doctor Franz von Cannitz is subsequently mentioned, it refers to me. Almost everybody, especially my government, knew that war between Russia and Japan was inevitable62. I say, all, except Russia.
To make this situation clear, let me hark back a little. Japan, beating China in the war of 1895, took and occupied Port Arthur. Japan later, compelled by hostile demonstrations63 on the part of Russia backed up by France and Germany, restored Port Arthur to China. Note the holding aloof64 of England here. The actual text of the ultimatum65 delivered was that the possession of ceded66 territory by Japan would be detrimental67 to the lasting68 peace of the Orient. Japan was bitterly humiliated69 and an Asiatic never forgets or forgives. Japan bided70 her time. Russia's duplicity in the Boxer71 Campaign, and her seizure72 of Port Arthur, gave Japan the needed casus belli. Result, the Russian-Japanese War.
Arriving in Port Arthur, I established myself at the Hotel l'Europe and with prospecting73 spade, botanical trowel and butterfly net, I sallied forth around the hills of Port Arthur. The first thing which struck me was the enormous number of Chinese and Chunshuses (bad Coolies) employed everywhere. I came to know that they were not all Chinese Coolies and that almost every tenth man was a disguised Japanese. To an observer, trained in the facial characteristics of the Oriental, it was not difficult to pick out the Japanese from the mass of Coolies. They fairly swarmed74 in Port Arthur right under the very noses of the Russians. As Baron Huraki had told me during our passage on the Bayern, his countrymen were actually employed in the building of the Port Arthur defenses! These Japanese were later able to give invaluable information in directing the Japanese batteries. Numerous other alleged75 Coolies were acting76 as servants to Russian officers. I also found that on the Lioa Teah Shan Railway and at Pidgeon Bay the very porters were Japanese. In fact, the entire Russian stronghold was infested77 with them.
This carelessness, lack of knowledge or suspicion, with a total lack of belief on the part of the Russian officers, that the "little monkey men" would ever dare attack, is in my opinion the chief cause of the comparatively quick fall of Port Arthur. For even with the incompleted defenses the place was tremendously strong. Everywhere I could see the most elaborate plans incomplete. For instance, as I wandered through the hills seeking my botanical specimens78, I found that the chain of forts on the hills of the Quang Tong peninsula south and west of Dalny, were totally unfinished and that the Kuan Ling section of the Port Arthur and Dalny railway was not even adequately protected from capture by a hostile force.
The lack of adequate supervision79 and the general slovenliness80 prevailing81 made it easy for me to go about unchallenged. I mixed freely with officers and men. The expenditure82 of a few rubles on vodka, in the case of the men, and the never-rejected invitation on the part of most officers to join in a jamboree, made me a very popular figure indeed. Through them I learned that the provisions of Port Arthur were in a most deplorable state. To use but one instance: Out of 1,420,000 pounds of flour, nearly one-half was bad with sour cords, which caused part of the enormous amount of sickness even then prevailing in the Port Arthur garrison83. During the war forty-five per cent. of the troops were incapacitated because of unsanitary food. I found 600,000 pounds of maize84 were wormy and over 700,000 pounds of corned beef were putrid85. Women and wine, however, abounded86.
Never in any place--and I know all the gayest and fastest places on earth--have I seen, comparatively speaking, such an enormous amount of wine in stock, or such a number of demi-mondaines assembled. Most of the officers had private harems. I often sat in the Casino and watched the officers of the First Tomsk Regiment87, the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth Siberian Rides practicing with their newly supplied Mauser-pistols on tables loaded with bottles containing the most costly88 vintage wines and cognacs. At such times the place literally89 ran ankle deep in wine. There were over sixty gambling90 houses and dancing halls supporting more than a thousand filles de joie. In fact, the general intemperance91 was such that on the night of Admiral Togo's attack more than half the complement92 of the Russian fleet was ashore93, dead drunk, in honor of one of the tutelary94 Russian saints.
The harbor defenses comprising submarine mines and searchlight stations, etc., I found to be in the worst condition. In pottering around, I visited many of the switchboard stations controlling the submarine mine fields. Everywhere the eye met evidences of defective95 work--rusty contacts, open insulations and exposed connections. There were carelessly exposed buoys96 betraying to the naked eye supposedly invisible submarine mines. The whole mine field was so badly laid that the Japanese were subsequently able to drag and explode three out of every five mines. This explains the astounding97 fact that during Admiral Togo's five dashes, some of them lasting thirty-six hours, all that he lost from torpedoes98 and mines was one ship, the Hatsuse, which struck a floating mine.
I did a great deal of investigating the composition and geological formation of the ground surrounding Port Arthur. I found most of the ground consisting of loose layers of lava100 scor?. The comparative easy capture of the otherwise immensely strong 203 Metre Hill did not surprise me. The texture101 of the ground, besides having a deadening effect on shell fire, made the approach to the forts by means of parallels surprisingly easy. The Japanese, by the way, also knew this peculiarity102 of the ground and used it to great advantage in their advances. I also found the forts on 174 and 131 Metre Hills as well as the north fort of East Rekwan in an incompleted state. The commander of the forts, General Smyrnoff, was using strenuous103 efforts to complete the work, but the personal animosity of General Krondrachinko, the commander of the general defenses, vetoed most of his suggestions. The vast sums of money which the Russian central government appropriated for the fortification of Port Arthur, honestly used, would have made the place completely impregnable. It is not too much to say--and this will be borne out by any trained observer and student of the conditions then existing in and around Port Arthur--that sixty per cent. of the money for defense purposes disappeared mysteriously.
All the Russian officers, however, were not grafters and drunken libertines104. Among them I did find men of alert and earnest character who were quite aware of the frightful105 conditions existing, but who were so used to them right through Russia that they viewed things with true Slavonic composure. I even found the searchlight stations back on the hills to be in a deplorable state. Indeed, on the night of Togo's second attack on Port Arthur the power plant was out of order and the searchlights which should have flooded the harbor with light were dark. The plant was subsequently repaired under enormous difficulties and cost, but of no avail. Coolie spies had procured106 the exact location of the power house and searchlight stations and thus aided, the Japanese gunners riddled107 them with shell. A great deal has been said about the wonderful marksmanship of the Japanese, but for the most part it was due to data on exact distances and locations, furnished by their spies.
Although the officers were a careless, thoughtless lot, I found that the personnel of the garrison contained, on the whole, a good type of Russian soldier. They were not brilliant but faithful and obedient. A Russian regiment is never routed. They stand and are killed, being too stolid108 to run. I found most of the officers of Port Arthur to be brilliant dashing men of the world, personally of high animal courage, but self-indulgence, neglect, disbelief in hostilities109 and underestimation of their foe110, undermined them.
Among the high officials at Port Arthur, Colonel Reiss, Commander of the Ordnance111 Service, stood out alone. He was the only officer, not excepting General Stoessel himself, who seemed to realize the gravity of the whole situation. In long chats which I had with him, he more than hinted at the lamentable112 state of his ammunition113. Once I asked him why these conditions were not changed and he said:
"The Little Father (the Czar) is far away,"--he shrugged114 expressively115.
Officers told me that tons and tons of ammunition bags did not contain full weight. Whole ammunition trucks had only a double layer of powder bags on top, the rest containing sand bags to be used only for bastions and escarpions, the money flowing into the pockets of the army contractors116. I met General Stoessel at the Casino twice, and neither time did he impress me as a military genius. A soldier of the Buller type, he was bluff10, hearty117, courageous118 and stupid. His florid bearded face, thick-set figure and his deep guttural growls119 reminded me of a Boer Dopper.
Among all the Russians I met at Port Arthur, the most interesting figure was to me the great battle painter Verestshagin. I am proud to be able to say that he called me "friend." I happened to be of some assistance to him in alleviating120 an attack of malaria121. This, with a similar taste in the arts and literature, soon put us on a friendly and intimate footing. I have met many men of letters, artists and statesmen, but never one who impressed me so much with the profundity122 of his learning and thought as did Verestshagin, and I am not easily impressed.
One night we were sitting on the Casino veranda overlooking the wonderful Harbor of Port Arthur. It was one of those quiet, balmy, semi-tropical nights for which this part of the world is famous, one of those crystal, clear, soundless nights, and the silhouettes123 of Russia's grim silent battle monsters riding at anchor were sharply outlined on the moonlit waters of the bay. We were smoking our pipes, having just finished a long chat about the history of these regions--the old Manchu and Tartar dynasties, how far they had influenced and still influence the history of the world, the Volker-Wanderung--of the Huns, the Goths, and Vandals--a subject on which Verestshagin disclosed a deep store of knowledge.
As the night was far advanced, I suggested that I had probably trespassed124 long enough on his kindness and hospitality. He turned around in his chair and placing his hand on my shoulder said in his soft deep voice:
"No, Doctor Cannitz, you are doing me a service instead. I am restless to-night. I have a curious presentiment125 that before long these lovely hills will hear the roar of guns in earnest." Dreamily speaking as if to himself he continued, "And Russia will lose... but I shall not see it." Abruptly126 he looked up, sat erect127 in his chair and shook himself as if throwing off something that oppressed him.
"Do you believe in premonition. Doctor? I know I shall find my death here soon."
An indescribable shuddery128 sensation seemed to pass over me. I am by no means sentimental129 or easily moved, nor am I overly superstitious130; but I have encountered one or two things in the course of my life which cannot be explained by rule and line. Throwing off my sudden strange mood, I told Verestshagin that his morbid131 fancies were due to his still feverish132 condition, and the depressing effect of over-doses of sulphate of quinine. He rose and smiled, and said:
"Of course you are right, Doctor."
Before parting, he gave me a little sketch133 of Port Arthur which I have still. I keep it as a treasured memento134 of one of the few really good men I have met, and one of the few from whom I had been able to part without harming.
Verestshagin's premonition was fulfilled. He died--a hero's death, going down with Admiral Marakoff on the flagship of the Russian squadron six weeks later.
I remained at Port Arthur for another five weeks, and exactly seven days before Togo's first night attack I received a cable from my government. It was in cipher, of course, and I was ordered to leave Port Arthur immediately and make my way home as there was danger of my being bottled up at any minute. It is significant that in the Intelligence Department at Berlin they knew an attack was imminent, although they did not know it at Port Arthur. Furthermore, Russian securities dropped eighteen points on the New York Stock Exchange, hours before the official knowledge of the attack came through. This information leaked out through the German Embassy in Washington. Seven days after I left, Togo made the torpedo99 attack in which he sank the Czarevitch, Retvitsan and Palada.
Before I took the steamer back to Europe, I went to Kiou-Chau, the German colony in China, and filed a long report by cipher cable. Six months later I had the satisfaction of having a talk with numerous officers of the German General Staff and of receiving compliments on the correctness of my observations, reports and predictions.
Later I learned the reasons why I had been sent to Port Arthur. Germany desired to ascertain the exact relative strength of the Port Arthur defenses and Russian positions in the Far East for the following reasons:
Since the time of Frederick the Great, the only power on the Continent which Germany has feared and has always been loath135 openly to quarrel with, is Russia. Through the setback136 she received in the Far East in 1905, her influence steadily137 decreased in the Balkans and the recent fiasco of Russian machinations during the Balkan war, has made her become a secondary factor for decades to come. Germany, through her keen Intelligence Department, foresaw the result of the Russo-Japanese conflict and immediately set about to undermine and destroy Russian influence south of the Austrian border.
By Russia's defeat in the East, the balance of the power was completely shifted. It gave Germany and Austria the desired opportunities and a free hand in the Balkans and Turkey. Had Germany through her Intelligence Department found Russia invulnerable in the East, the map of the Balkans would have to be painted in different colors--as you will see.
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1
baron
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| n.男爵；(商业界等)巨头，大王 | |
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shrine
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| n.圣地，神龛，庙；v.将...置于神龛内，把...奉为神圣 | |
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interfere
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| v.(in)干涉，干预；(with)妨碍，打扰 | |
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tacking
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| （帆船）抢风行驶，定位焊[铆]紧钉 | |
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repose
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| v.(使)休息；n.安息 | |
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wriggling
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| v.扭动，蠕动，蜿蜒行进( wriggle的现在分词 )；（使身体某一部位）扭动；耍滑不做，逃避（应做的事等）；蠕蠕 | |
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insolent
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| adj.傲慢的，无理的 | |
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terse
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| adj.(说话，文笔)精炼的，简明的 | |
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pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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bluff
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| v.虚张声势，用假象骗人；n.虚张声势，欺骗 | |
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bluffs
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| 恐吓( bluff的名词复数 )； 悬崖； 峭壁 | |
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imminent
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| adj.即将发生的，临近的，逼近的 | |
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bulging
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| 膨胀； 凸出（部）； 打气； 折皱 | |
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reigned
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| vi.当政，统治（reign的过去式形式） | |
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exponent
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| n.倡导者，拥护者；代表人物；指数，幂 | |
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defense
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| n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩 | |
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boor
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| n.举止粗野的人；乡下佬 | |
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transpired
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| （事实，秘密等）被人知道( transpire的过去式和过去分词 )； 泄露； 显露； 发生 | |
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ascertain
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| vt.发现，确定，查明，弄清 | |
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gathering
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| n.集会，聚会，聚集 | |
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impending
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| a.imminent, about to come or happen | |
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contingent
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| adj.视条件而定的；n.一组，代表团，分遣队 | |
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aspirations
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| 强烈的愿望( aspiration的名词复数 )； 志向； 发送气音； 发 h 音 | |
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sprawled
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| v.伸开四肢坐[躺]( sprawl的过去式和过去分词)；蔓延；杂乱无序地拓展；四肢伸展坐着（或躺着） | |
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invaluable
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| adj.无价的，非常宝贵的，极为贵重的 | |
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rejuvenating
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| 使变得年轻，使恢复活力( rejuvenate的现在分词 ) | |
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converse
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| vi.谈话，谈天，闲聊；adv.相反的，相反 | |
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attainments
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| 成就，造诣； 获得( attainment的名词复数 )； 达到； 造诣； 成就 | |
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applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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philosophic
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| adj.哲学的，贤明的 | |
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forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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lengthy
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| adj.漫长的，冗长的 | |
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veer
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| vt.转向，顺时针转，改变；n.转向 | |
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bland
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| adj.淡而无味的，温和的，无刺激性的 | |
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fathomless
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| a.深不可测的 | |
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sinewy
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| adj.多腱的，强壮有力的 | |
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genial
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| adj.亲切的，和蔼的，愉快的，脾气好的 | |
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abstemious
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| adj.有节制的，节俭的 | |
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narrative
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| n.叙述，故事；adj.叙事的，故事体的 | |
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marine
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| adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵 | |
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fad
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| n.时尚；一时流行的狂热；一时的爱好 | |
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naval
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| adj.海军的，军舰的，船的 | |
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minor
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| adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修 | |
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coterie
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| n.(有共同兴趣的)小团体，小圈子 | |
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withhold
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| v.拒绝，不给；使停止，阻挡 | |
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paternal
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| adj.父亲的，像父亲的，父系的，父方的 | |
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47
promptly
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| adv.及时地，敏捷地 | |
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48
ascertained
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| v.弄清，确定，查明( ascertain的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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49
veranda
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| n.走廊；阳台 | |
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50
ostracism
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| n.放逐；排斥 | |
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51
pegs
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| n.衣夹( peg的名词复数 )；挂钉；系帐篷的桩；弦钮v.用夹子或钉子固定( peg的第三人称单数 )；使固定在某水平 | |
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52
bungalow
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| n.平房，周围有阳台的木造小平房 | |
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53
monetary
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| adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的 | |
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54
judiciously
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| adv.明断地，明智而审慎地 | |
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55
pals
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| n.朋友( pal的名词复数 )；老兄；小子；（对男子的不友好的称呼）家伙 | |
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56
leopards
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| n.豹( leopard的名词复数 )；本性难移 | |
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57
boon
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| n.恩赐，恩物，恩惠 | |
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58
cipher
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| n.零；无影响力的人；密码 | |
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59
relished
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| v.欣赏( relish的过去式和过去分词 )；从…获得乐趣；渴望 | |
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60
perilous
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| adj.危险的，冒险的 | |
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61
decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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62
inevitable
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| adj.不可避免的，必然发生的 | |
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63
demonstrations
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| 证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威 | |
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64
aloof
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| adj.远离的；冷淡的，漠不关心的 | |
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65
ultimatum
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| n.最后通牒 | |
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66
ceded
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| v.让给，割让，放弃( cede的过去式 ) | |
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67
detrimental
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| adj.损害的，造成伤害的 | |
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68
lasting
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| adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持 | |
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69
humiliated
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| 感到羞愧的 | |
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70
bided
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| v.等待，停留( bide的过去式 )；居住；等待；面临 | |
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71
boxer
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| n.制箱者，拳击手 | |
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72
seizure
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| n.没收；占有；抵押 | |
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73
prospecting
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| n.探矿 | |
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74
swarmed
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| 密集( swarm的过去式和过去分词 )； 云集； 成群地移动； 蜜蜂或其他飞行昆虫成群地飞来飞去 | |
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75
alleged
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| a.被指控的，嫌疑的 | |
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76
acting
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| n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的 | |
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77
infested
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| adj.为患的，大批滋生的（常与with搭配）v.害虫、野兽大批出没于( infest的过去式和过去分词 )；遍布于 | |
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78
specimens
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| n.样品( specimen的名词复数 )；范例；（化验的）抽样；某种类型的人 | |
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79
supervision
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| n.监督，管理 | |
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80
slovenliness
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81
prevailing
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| adj.盛行的；占优势的；主要的 | |
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82
expenditure
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| n.(时间、劳力、金钱等)支出；使用，消耗 | |
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83
garrison
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| n.卫戍部队；驻地，卫戍区；vt.派(兵)驻防 | |
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84
maize
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| n.玉米 | |
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85
putrid
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| adj.腐臭的；有毒的；已腐烂的；卑劣的 | |
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86
abounded
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| v.大量存在，充满，富于( abound的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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87
regiment
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| n.团，多数，管理；v.组织，编成团，统制 | |
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88
costly
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| adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的 | |
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89
literally
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| adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实 | |
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90
gambling
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| n.赌博；投机 | |
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91
intemperance
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| n.放纵 | |
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92
complement
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| n.补足物，船上的定员；补语；vt.补充，补足 | |
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93
ashore
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| adv.在(向)岸上，上岸 | |
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94
tutelary
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| adj.保护的；守护的 | |
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95
defective
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| adj.有毛病的，有问题的，有瑕疵的 | |
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96
buoys
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| n.浮标( buoy的名词复数 )；航标；救生圈；救生衣v.使浮起( buoy的第三人称单数 )；支持；为…设浮标；振奋…的精神 | |
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97
astounding
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| adj.使人震惊的vt.使震惊，使大吃一惊astound的现在分词) | |
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98
torpedoes
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| 鱼雷( torpedo的名词复数 )； 油井爆破筒； 刺客； 掼炮 | |
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99
torpedo
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| n.水雷，地雷；v.用鱼雷破坏 | |
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100
lava
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| n.熔岩，火山岩 | |
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101
texture
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| n.(织物)质地；(材料)构造；结构；肌理 | |
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102
peculiarity
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| n.独特性，特色；特殊的东西；怪癖 | |
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103
strenuous
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| adj.奋发的，使劲的；紧张的；热烈的，狂热的 | |
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104
libertines
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| n.放荡不羁的人，淫荡的人( libertine的名词复数 ) | |
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105
frightful
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| adj.可怕的；讨厌的 | |
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106
procured
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| v.（努力）取得， （设法）获得( procure的过去式和过去分词 )；拉皮条 | |
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107
riddled
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| adj.布满的；充斥的；泛滥的v.解谜，出谜题(riddle的过去分词形式) | |
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108
stolid
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| adj.无动于衷的，感情麻木的 | |
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109
hostilities
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| n.战争；敌意(hostility的复数)；敌对状态；战事 | |
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110
foe
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| n.敌人，仇敌 | |
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111
ordnance
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| n.大炮，军械 | |
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112
lamentable
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| adj.令人惋惜的，悔恨的 | |
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113
ammunition
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| n.军火，弹药 | |
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114
shrugged
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| vt.耸肩（shrug的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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115
expressively
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| ad.表示(某事物)地；表达地 | |
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116
contractors
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| n.（建筑、监造中的）承包人( contractor的名词复数 ) | |
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117
hearty
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| adj.热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵情的 | |
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118
courageous
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| adj.勇敢的，有胆量的 | |
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119
growls
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| v.（动物）发狺狺声， （雷）作隆隆声( growl的第三人称单数 )；低声咆哮着说 | |
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120
alleviating
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| 减轻，缓解，缓和( alleviate的现在分词 ) | |
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121
malaria
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| n.疟疾 | |
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122
profundity
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| n.渊博；深奥，深刻 | |
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123
silhouettes
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| 轮廓( silhouette的名词复数 )； （人的）体形； （事物的）形状； 剪影 | |
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124
trespassed
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| （trespass的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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125
presentiment
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| n.预感，预觉 | |
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126
abruptly
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| adv.突然地，出其不意地 | |
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127
erect
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| n./v.树立，建立，使竖立；adj.直立的，垂直的 | |
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128
shuddery
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129
sentimental
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| adj.多愁善感的，感伤的 | |
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130
superstitious
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| adj.迷信的 | |
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131
morbid
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| adj.病的；致病的；病态的；可怕的 | |
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132
feverish
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| adj.发烧的，狂热的，兴奋的 | |
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133
sketch
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| n.草图；梗概；素描；v.素描；概述 | |
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134
memento
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| n.纪念品，令人回忆的东西 | |
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135
loath
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| adj.不愿意的；勉强的 | |
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136
setback
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| n.退步，挫折，挫败 | |
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137
steadily
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| adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地 | |
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