We put up our tents the next evening, on a bold bluff1 near the outlet2 of Round Pond, a picturesque3 and pleasant sheet of water, some eight or ten miles in circumference4. It lay there still and waveless, in that calm summer evening, as glassy and smooth as if no breeze had ever stirred its surface. All around it were old forests, old hills and rocks, and away off in the distance were the tall peaks of the Adirondacks, standing5 up grim, solemn, and shadowy in the distance. These peaks are seen from almost every direction. They tower so far above the surrounding highlands, that they seem always to be peering over the intervening ranges, as if holding an everlasting6 watch over the broad wilderness7 beneath them. This lake is probably more than a thousand feet above the Rackett, and the river falls that distance principally at the two rapids around which our boats were carried. The rest of the way it is a deep, sluggish8 stream, so that the descent may be reckoned within less than three miles. A ledge9 of rocks forms the lower boundary of the lake, through which the water, at some remote period, broke its way, and it goes roaring down rapids for three-quarters of a mile, then moves in a sluggish current across a plain of several miles in extent; then plunges11 down a steep descent for over a mile and a half to subside12 again into quiet, and move on with a sluggish current to plunge10 down the ledges13 again into Tupper's Lake. There are no perpendicular14 falls of more than twenty feet, but the water goes plunging15, and boiling, and foaming16 down shelving rocks, and eddying17, and whirling around immense boulders18, rushing and roaring through the gorges19 with a voice like thunder. These falls are all useless here, and probably will be for centuries to come; but were they out in the "living world," in the midst of civilization, with a fertile and populous20 region about them, they would soon be harnessed to great wheels, and made utilitarian21; the clank of machinery22 would soon be heard above the roar of their waters. They would do an immensity of labor23 on their returnless journey to the ocean. But here, they are utterly24 valueless, wasting their mighty25 power upon desolate26 rocks, rushing in mad and impotent fury forever through a region of barrenness and sterility27, so far as the uses of civilization are concerned, a region where the manufacturer or the agriculturist will never tarry, until the world shall be so full of people that necessity will drive them to the mountains, to build up the waste places of the earth. Opposite, and across the bay from where our tents were pitched, I noticed that a small stream entered the lake, and Smith and myself crossed over to experiment among the trout28 I knew would be gathered there. We were entirely29 successful, for we took one at almost every throw. I have more than once stated, that the trout of these lakes and rivers, in the warm season, congregate30 where the cold streams enter; and if the sportsman will search out the little brooks31, no matter how small, and cast his fly across where their waters enter the lake or river, he will be sure to find trout in any of the hot summer months.
We returned to camp before the sun went behind the hills, with our fish ready for the pan, and our boatmen provided us with a meal of jerked venison, pork, and trout, which an epicure32 might envy, and to which a hard day's journey and an appetite sharpened by the bracing33 influence of the pure mountain air, gave a peculiar34 relish35. It was a pleasant thing to see the moon come up from among the trees that formed a dark outline to the lake away off to the east, and travel up into the sky; to see how faithfully it was given back from down in the stirless waters, and how the stars twinkled and glowed around it in the depths below, as they did in the depths above. There was the moon, and there the stars, all bright and glorious in the heavens above; and there another moon, and other stars, as bright and glorious, down in the vault36 below; the lake floating, as it were, an almost viewless mist, a shadowy and transparent37 veil between. As we sat, in the greyness of twilight38, in front of our tents, a curious sound came over the lake from the opposite shore, so like civilization that it startled us for a moment. Here we were, fifty miles from a house, away in the forest beyond the sound of anything savoring39 of human agency, and yet we heard distinctly what was for all the world like the blows of an axe40 or hammer upon a stake, driving it into the earth. It had the peculiar ring, which any one will recognise who has driven a stake into ground covered with water, by blows given by the side instead of the head of an axe. These blows were given at intervals41 so regular, that we all suspended smoking, certain that there were other sportsmen beside ourselves in the neighborhood of this lake.
"Who in the world is that?" asked Smith, of Martin, who seemed to enjoy our astonishment42.
"That," replied Martin, "is a gentleman known in these parts as the 'Pile-driver.' He visits all these lakes in the summer season, and though, as a general thing, he travels alone, yet he sometimes has half a dozen friends with him. If you'll listen a moment, may be you'll find that he has a friend in the neighborhood now who will drive a pile in another place."
Sure enough, in a moment the same ringing blows came from a reedy spot in a different part of the bay.
"The bird that makes that noise," said Martin, "is about the homeliest creature in these woods. It is a small grey heron, that lights down among the grass and weeds to hunt for small frogs and such little fish as swim along the shore. When he drives his pile, he stands with his neck and long bill pointed43 straight up, and pumping the air into his throat, sends it oat with the strange sound you have heard. It is the resemblance of the sound to that made by driving a stake into ground covered with water, that gives him his name. He's an awkward, filthy44 bird, but he helps to make up the noises one hears in these wild regions."
"My first thought was," said Smith, "that we had got among the spirits of the woods, and that they were 'rapping' their indignation at our presence, there was something so human about it."
"By the way," remarked the Doctor, "and you remind me of the subject, what a strange delusion45 is this Spiritualism, to the 'manifestations46' of which you refer, and how singular it is that men of strong natural sense and cultivated minds, should be drawn47 into it. We all know such. Their delusion, too, is stronger than mere48 speculative49 belief. It is a faith which to them appears to amount to absolute knowledge. They have no doubt or hesitancy on the subject. Their convictions are perfect; such, that were they as strong in their faith as Christians50, as they are in the reality of Spiritualism, they would be able to move mountains."
"I have noticed this intensity51 of their faith," said Smith; "and while I utterly reject the whole theory of Spiritualism, I could never join in the ridicule52 of its earnest devotees. There is something that commands my respect in this strong faith, when honestly entertained, however stupendous the error may be to which it clings. There is something, to my mind, too solemn for derision in the idea of communing with the spirits of the departed, or that the time is approaching when living men and the souls of the physically53 dead, are to meet, as it were, face to face, and know each other as they are. It is one which I can, and do reject, but cannot ridicule. The world, however, regards it differently. And yet with all the contempt and derision that has been poured upon this singular delusion, its devotees have multiplied beyond all precedent54 in the history of the world. They number, it is said, in this country alone, millions, and have some forty or more newspapers in the exclusive advocacy of their theory."
"The wise people of this world," said Spalding, "that is, those who are wise in their day and generation, laugh at the believers in this modern theory of Spiritualism. They pity them, too, as the unhappy devotees of a faith which sober reason and all the experience of the past prove to be as unsubstantial as the moonbeams that dance upon the waters at midnight. Still these same devotees point to the demonstrations55 of what they regard as living facts, phenomena56 palpable to the senses, things that appeal to the eye, the ear, and the touch, and say that these are higher proofs than all the dogmas of philosophy, all the observation and experience of former times, all the logic57 of the past. And here is the issue between Spiritualism and the mass of mankind who deride58 and condemn59 it.
"Now, be it known to you, that I am no Spiritualist. I reject not all the evidences of the phenomena upon which it is based, but I utterly deny that such phenomena are the works of disembodied spirits. I myself have seen what utterly confounded me, and while I reject all idea of supernatural agencies, all interposition of departed spirits, yet I have become thoroughly60 satisfied that there are more things in heaven and earth than are dreamed of in our philosophy. These phenomena of which the Spiritualists speak, I will not undertake to pronounce all lies. Some of them are doubtless impostures—the work of knaves61, who speculate upon the credulity and superstitions62 which are attributes of the human mind; but they are not all such. But while I admit their reality, I insist that such as are so, are the results of natural laws, which will one day be discovered, and which will turn out to be as simple as the spirit which presides over the telegraph, or that which constitutes the life of a steam engine. There may be, and probably is, a great undiscovered principle which underlays these spiritual manifestations, as they are called, and MIND is after it, looking for it carefully; and what MIND has once started in pursuit of earnestly, it seldom fails to overtake.
"I have sometimes amused myself by endeavoring to furnish a theory for the Spiritualists to stand upon, based upon the demonstrations of the past, the evidences brought to light by the researches of science, which at all events should have about it truth enough to give color and respectability even to an error as stupendous as that of Spiritualism. This theory I have predicated upon the progress of the material world, aside from animal life, showing that what may have been impossible thousands of years ago, may be possible, or about becoming possible now; that we are about entering upon a new era in the advancement63 of all things towards perfectability, and that the advent64 of that era may be marked by an established communication between the living and the spirits of the departed.
"Science demonstrates that the material world presents in its history an illustration of the great principle and theory of progress. It is quite certain that our planet was once a very different thing from what it is now; it differed in form, in substance, in compactness, in everything from its present condition. We do not know that it was once wholly aeriform, mere gasses in combination, too crude to admit of solidarity65; but reasoning back from established facts, the conclusion is almost irresistible66, that this earth, now so rock-ribbed and solid, so ponderous67, so ragged68 with mountain ranges, and cloud piercing peaks, was once but vapor69, floating without form through limitless space, drifting as mere nebulous matter among the older creations of God. However this may be, it is regarded as quite certain, that time was when ft was entirely void of solidity, void of dry land, with no continent, island, or solid ground, with no living thing within its circumference. It was thus passing through one of the remote eras of its existence. It was then young, just emerging, as it were, from nothingness, growing into form, assuming shape, and gathering70 attributes of fitness for exterior71 vitality72, preparing the way for higher existences than mere inorganic73 matter. How long this era existed, science has failed to demonstrate, but it passed away, and solid land marked the next era of the earth's progress. It was surrounded by an atmosphere absolutely fatal to animal life; an atmosphere which, while it stimulated74 vegetable growth, no living thing could breathe and continue to live. Hence it was, that vegetation, gigantic almost beyond conception, covered its surface. Fern, which is now a pigmy plant, nowhere higher than a few feet, grew tall and overshadowing like great oaks, while oaks, it is fair to presume, towered thousands of feet towards the sky. These stupendous forests stood alone upon the surface of the earth; no animals wandered through their fastnesses; no birds sported amidst their mighty branches; noxious75 exhalations came steaming up from their tangled76 recesses77, and their gloomy shadows lay a mantle78 of darkness over dreary79 and lifeless solitudes80. The storms raged, and the winds howled; the sun travelled its daily rounds, with its light dimmed and clouded by the pestilential vapors81 it exhaled82, and silence, so far as the sounds of animal life were concerned, reigned83 supreme—the stillness of the grave, the quiet of utter desolation, save the voice of the wind or the storm, was unbroken all over the face of the earth. Onward84, and onward, rolled this mighty orb85 on its pathway through the heavens, bearing with it no animal existences, freighted with no human hopes—carrying with it nothing of human destiny. Man, with all his lofty aspirations86, his mighty schemes, his glory, and his pride, was a thing of the future. He had not yet emerged from the eternity87 of the past, to grapple with the present, or encounter the retributions of the eternity which is to come. This was the era of gigantic vegetable growth, and it had its uses; for it was preparing the way for higher and more complicated existences. As the gases that surrounded the earth became consolidated88 into vegetation, as this stupendous growth decomposed89 the noxious atmosphere, drawing from it its grosser particles and working them up into solid matter, extracting from it what was fatal to animal life, this earth entered upon another era of its progress.
"Animal life made its appearance. It was weak and feeble at first, but a step removed from vegetable matter. The molusca, the polypi, and the rudest forms of fishes, were, beyond question, the first of living things. Science demonstrates that the water brought forth90 the first creations endowed with animal vitality. How long this era continued no man can tell. Then came the amphibise, gigantic animals of the lizard91 kind; the sauruses, that could reach with their long necks and ponderous jaws92 across a street and pick up a man, if street and man there had been. Then came land animals, monstrous93 in growth, by the side of which the elephant dwindles94 to the diminutive95 stature96 of the dormouse. In all these advances, was a succession of steps, mounting higher and higher, in complication of structure, each more perfect in organism than its predecessor97. Vegetation itself became more complicated, and as it approached perfection lost its gigantic growth. Solidarity, compactness in all things, became the order of nature; the atmosphere surrounding the earth, became more and more fitted for the higher and more complicated animal organizations. At last when time was ripe for his advent, when the earth was fitted for his residence, and the air for his breathing, MAN, the last and most perfect in his structure, the most delicate and finished in his organization of all living things, made his appearance. He stepped from the hand of God, the only thinking, reflecting, the only intellectual, responsible being, in all the world. He stood at the head of created matter, with all things on the earth subject to his will, and corresponding to his, condition, his attributes, his necessities, and his instincts.
"Thus this great earth itself, has been but one continued illustration of the great theory and principle of progress. From a beginning, lost in the thick darkness of a past eternity, it has been marching forward in a career as pause-less as the sun in his journeyings through the sky, as clearly demonstrable as the growth of the germ that starts from the buried acorn98, and moves on to its full development in the great oak. Science records with unerring certainty the progress of the earth, and of animal life, from the lowest existences in the mollusca and polypi, up to the superlatively complicated, and delicate structure of man, tracing it step by step, until it is finished in the noblest work of God, a human body coupled with an immortal99 soul!
"And here arises a question which science has not solved, and to which the philosophy, the wisdom, the logic of the past can give no answer. The earth, and the things of the earth, have been moving forward, marching on towards perfectability always. Is this forward movement finished? We have, in looking at the subject in the light of science, a time when there was not on the earth, in the air, or in the water, any living thing. We have an era when animal life was but a span removed from vegetable vitality; we have an era of gigantic vegetable growth; an era of gigantic but rude animal growth, and so on step by step down to the advent of man. The previous combinations of animal life and vegetable life passed away with the era in which they flourished; one class succeeding another, each emerging from, and stepping over the annihilation of its predecessor, till we come down to the present—is there no future progress for this earth as a planet? Is there to be no other era, where man himself, like the sauruses, like the mastodon, shall have passed away, to be succeeded by some nobler animal structure, some loftier intelligence, some more cunning invention of the infinite mind?
"Man, great in intellect, powerful in mind, gifted with reason, and having within him a spirit that is immortal, proud, glorious, aspiring100 as he is, falls very far short of perfection in every attribute of his nature. To say, therefore, that the prescience, the creative power of the Almighty101, reached the limit of its achievements in the creation of man, is to impeach102 the omnipotence103 of God himself. Will any man insist that the ingenuity104 of the Almighty is exhausted105? May it not be, then that the time will come when some sentient106 beings, as far superior to man, as man is to the animals of the era of the lizards107 and the amphibia, shall, like the geologists108 of the present day, be delving109 among the rocks and rubbish of vanished ages, for evidences of the existences of our own proud species at, to them, some remote period of the world's progress?
"If these questions cannot be answered by the learned and the wise, if science makes no response, and philosophy furnishes no solution of them, who dare say that the world is not, even now, entering upon a new era of progress, taking another step in the forward movement? May it not be, that the time is coming when the barrier between the living, and the disembodied spirit is to be broken down? When that viewless essence, that mystery of mysteries, the spirit of life, the immortal soul, shall be permitted to come back from the unknown country, to impart to the people of this world, the wisdom, the mysteries, and the glory of the next? May not this be the new era that is about opening in the progress of all things? It may be asked, is it not possible that a new principle is about being evolved, that will admit of communication between the living and the physically dead? May it not be that the world and its surroundings, have become so changed, that what was impossible thousands, or even hundreds, of years ago, may have become, or be about to become possible now? That the same process which carried this earth forward from the beginning, that so changed the atmosphere of old, rendered it fit to sustain animal life in its rudest structure, that so changed it again, as to make it capable of sustaining a higher order of animal organism, that kept on changing, and improving the whole face of the earth, that so arranged organic matter, as to make this world, at last, a fit residence for man, may be going on still; approaching all things nearer, and nearer to perfection, until we have arrived upon the threshold of an era, when living men may commune with the spirits of the physically dead? An era as yet but in its dawn, when the stupendous future can be seen only as through a glass darkly?
"Remember, I do not assert my faith in a theory which is indicated by an affirmative answer to these inquiries110, for I have none. I give the record of the earth's progress in the past, as it is written upon the rocks, standing out upon precipices111, brought to light by the researches, and translated by the energy of science from forgotten and buried ages. The deductions112 to be drawn from it, I leave to those who have a taste for the speculative, neither believing in, nor quarrelling with the theory which they may predicate upon it."
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1
bluff
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| v.虚张声势，用假象骗人；n.虚张声势，欺骗 | |
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outlet
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| n.出口/路；销路；批发商店；通风口；发泄 | |
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picturesque
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| adj.美丽如画的，（语言）生动的，绘声绘色的 | |
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circumference
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| n.圆周，周长，圆周线 | |
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standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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everlasting
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| adj.永恒的，持久的，无止境的 | |
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wilderness
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| n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠 | |
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sluggish
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| adj.懒惰的，迟钝的，无精打采的 | |
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ledge
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| n.壁架，架状突出物；岩架，岩礁 | |
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plunge
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| v.跳入，(使)投入，(使)陷入；猛冲 | |
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plunges
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| n.跳进，投入vt.使投入，使插入，使陷入vi.投入，跳进，陷入v.颠簸( plunge的第三人称单数 )；暴跌；骤降；突降 | |
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subside
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| vi.平静，平息；下沉，塌陷，沉降 | |
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ledges
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| n.（墙壁，悬崖等）突出的狭长部分( ledge的名词复数 )；（平窄的）壁架；横档；（尤指）窗台 | |
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perpendicular
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| adj.垂直的，直立的；n.垂直线，垂直的位置 | |
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plunging
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| adj.跳进的，突进的v.颠簸( plunge的现在分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降 | |
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foaming
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| adj.布满泡沫的；发泡 | |
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eddying
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| 涡流，涡流的形成 | |
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boulders
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| n.卵石( boulder的名词复数 )；巨砾；（受水或天气侵蚀而成的）巨石；漂砾 | |
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gorges
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| n.山峡，峡谷( gorge的名词复数 )；咽喉v.（用食物把自己）塞饱，填饱( gorge的第三人称单数 )；作呕 | |
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populous
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| adj.人口稠密的，人口众多的 | |
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utilitarian
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| adj.实用的，功利的 | |
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machinery
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| n.(总称)机械，机器；机构 | |
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labor
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| n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦 | |
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utterly
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| adv.完全地，绝对地 | |
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mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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desolate
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| adj.荒凉的，荒芜的；孤独的，凄凉的；v.使荒芜，使孤寂 | |
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sterility
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| n.不生育，不结果，贫瘠，消毒，无菌 | |
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trout
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| n.鳟鱼；鲑鱼(属) | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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congregate
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| v.(使)集合，聚集 | |
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brooks
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| n.小溪( brook的名词复数 ) | |
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epicure
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| n.行家，美食家 | |
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bracing
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| adj.令人振奋的 | |
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peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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relish
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| n.滋味，享受，爱好，调味品；vt.加调味料，享受，品味；vi.有滋味 | |
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vault
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| n.拱形圆顶，地窖，地下室 | |
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transparent
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| adj.明显的，无疑的；透明的 | |
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twilight
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| n.暮光，黄昏；暮年，晚期，衰落时期 | |
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savoring
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| v.意味，带有…的性质( savor的现在分词 )；给…加调味品；使有风味；品尝 | |
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axe
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| n.斧子；v.用斧头砍，削减 | |
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intervals
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| n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 )；间隔时间；[数学]区间；（戏剧、电影或音乐会的）幕间休息 | |
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astonishment
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| n.惊奇，惊异 | |
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pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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filthy
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| adj.卑劣的；恶劣的，肮脏的 | |
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45
delusion
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| n.谬见，欺骗，幻觉，迷惑 | |
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manifestations
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| n.表示，显示（manifestation的复数形式） | |
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47
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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speculative
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| adj.思索性的，暝想性的，推理的 | |
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50
Christians
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| n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 ) | |
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51
intensity
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| n.强烈，剧烈；强度；烈度 | |
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52
ridicule
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| v.讥讽，挖苦；n.嘲弄 | |
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physically
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| adj.物质上，体格上，身体上，按自然规律 | |
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precedent
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| n.先例，前例；惯例；adj.在前的，在先的 | |
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demonstrations
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| 证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威 | |
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phenomena
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| n.现象 | |
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logic
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| n.逻辑(学)；逻辑性 | |
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deride
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| v.嘲弄，愚弄 | |
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condemn
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| vt.谴责，指责；宣判(罪犯)，判刑 | |
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thoroughly
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| adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地 | |
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knaves
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| n.恶棍，无赖( knave的名词复数 )；（纸牌中的）杰克 | |
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superstitions
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| 迷信，迷信行为( superstition的名词复数 ) | |
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advancement
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| n.前进，促进，提升 | |
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advent
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| n.(重要事件等的)到来，来临 | |
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solidarity
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| n.团结；休戚相关 | |
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irresistible
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| adj.非常诱人的，无法拒绝的，无法抗拒的 | |
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ponderous
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| adj.沉重的，笨重的，(文章)冗长的 | |
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ragged
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| adj.衣衫褴褛的，粗糙的，刺耳的 | |
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vapor
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| n.蒸汽，雾气 | |
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gathering
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| n.集会，聚会，聚集 | |
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exterior
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| adj.外部的，外在的；表面的 | |
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vitality
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| n.活力，生命力，效力 | |
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inorganic
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| adj.无生物的；无机的 | |
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stimulated
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| a.刺激的 | |
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noxious
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| adj.有害的，有毒的；使道德败坏的，讨厌的 | |
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tangled
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| adj. 纠缠的，紊乱的 动词tangle的过去式和过去分词 | |
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recesses
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| n.壁凹( recess的名词复数 )；（工作或业务活动的）中止或暂停期间；学校的课间休息；某物内部的凹形空间v.把某物放在墙壁的凹处( recess的第三人称单数 )；将（墙）做成凹形，在（墙）上做壁龛；休息，休会，休庭 | |
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mantle
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| n.斗篷，覆罩之物，罩子；v.罩住，覆盖，脸红 | |
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dreary
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| adj.令人沮丧的，沉闷的，单调乏味的 | |
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solitudes
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| n.独居( solitude的名词复数 )；孤独；荒僻的地方；人迹罕至的地方 | |
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vapors
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| n.水汽，水蒸气，无实质之物( vapor的名词复数 )；自夸者；幻想 [药]吸入剂 [古]忧郁（症）v.自夸，（使）蒸发( vapor的第三人称单数 ) | |
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exhaled
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| v.呼出，发散出( exhale的过去式和过去分词 )；吐出（肺中的空气、烟等），呼气 | |
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reigned
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| vi.当政，统治（reign的过去式形式） | |
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onward
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| adj.向前的，前进的；adv.向前，前进，在先 | |
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orb
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| n.太阳；星球；v.弄圆；成球形 | |
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aspirations
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| 强烈的愿望( aspiration的名词复数 )； 志向； 发送气音； 发 h 音 | |
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eternity
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| n.不朽，来世；永恒，无穷 | |
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consolidated
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| a.联合的 | |
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decomposed
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| 已分解的，已腐烂的 | |
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forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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lizard
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| n.蜥蜴，壁虎 | |
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jaws
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| n.口部；嘴 | |
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monstrous
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| adj.巨大的；恐怖的；可耻的，丢脸的 | |
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dwindles
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| v.逐渐变少或变小( dwindle的第三人称单数 ) | |
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diminutive
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| adj.小巧可爱的，小的 | |
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stature
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| n.（高度）水平，（高度）境界，身高，身材 | |
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predecessor
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| n.前辈，前任 | |
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acorn
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| n.橡实，橡子 | |
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immortal
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| adj.不朽的；永生的，不死的；神的 | |
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aspiring
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| adj.有志气的；有抱负的；高耸的v.渴望；追求 | |
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almighty
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| adj.全能的，万能的；很大的，很强的 | |
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102
impeach
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| v.弹劾；检举 | |
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103
omnipotence
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| n.全能，万能，无限威力 | |
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ingenuity
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| n.别出心裁；善于发明创造 | |
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exhausted
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| adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的 | |
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106
sentient
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| adj.有知觉的，知悉的；adv.有感觉能力地 | |
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lizards
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| n.蜥蜴( lizard的名词复数 ) | |
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108
geologists
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| 地质学家，地质学者( geologist的名词复数 ) | |
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delving
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| v.深入探究，钻研( delve的现在分词 ) | |
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110
inquiries
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| n.调查( inquiry的名词复数 )；疑问；探究；打听 | |
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precipices
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| n.悬崖，峭壁( precipice的名词复数 ) | |
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deductions
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| 扣除( deduction的名词复数 )； 结论； 扣除的量； 推演 | |
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