Mr. Griffenbottom had declared that he would not pay a shilling towards the expense of the petition, maintaining that his own seat was safe, and that any peril4 incurred5 had been so incurred simply on behalf of Sir Thomas. Nothing, according to Mr. Griffenbottom's views, could be more unjust than to expect that he should take any part in the matter. Trigger, too, had endeavoured to impress this upon Sir Thomas more than once or twice. But this had been all in vain; and Sir Thomas, acting6 under the advice of his own attorney, had at last compelled Mr. Griffenbottom to take his share in the matter. Mr. Griffenbottom did not scruple7 to say that he was very ill-used, and to hint that any unfair practices which might possibly have prevailed during the last election at Percycross, had all been adopted on behalf of Sir Thomas, and in conformity8 with Sir Thomas's views. It will, therefore, be understood that the two members did not go down to the borough in the best humour with each other. Mr. Trigger still nominally9 acted for both; but it had been almost avowed10 that Sir Thomas was to be treated as a Jonah, if by such treatment any salvation11 might be had for the ship of which Griffenbottom was to be regarded as the captain.
Mr. Westmacott was also in Percycross,—and so was Moggs, reinstated in his old room at the Cordwainers' Arms. Moggs had not been summoned, nor was his presence there required for any purpose immediately connected with the inquiry13 to be made; but Purity and the Rights of Labour may always be advocated; and when better than at a moment in which the impurity14 of a borough is about to be made the subject of public condemnation15? And Moggs, moreover, had now rankling16 in his bosom17 a second cause of enmity against the Tories of the borough. Since the election he had learned that his rival, Ralph Newton, was in some way connected with the sitting member, Sir Thomas, and he laid upon Sir Thomas's back the weight of his full displeasure in reference to the proposed marriage with Polly Neefit. He had heard that Polly had raised some difficulty,—had, indeed, rejected her aristocratic suitor, and was therefore not without hope; but he had been positively18 assured by Neefit himself that the match would be made, and was consequently armed with a double purpose in his desire to drive Sir Thomas ignominiously19 out of Percycross.
Sir Thomas had had more than one interview with Serjeant Burnaby and little Mr. Joram, than whom two more astute20 barristers in such matters were not to be found at that time practising,—though perhaps at that time the astuteness21 of the Serjeant was on the wane22; while that of Jacky Joram, as he was familiarly called, was daily rising in repute. Sir Thomas himself, barrister and senior to these two gentlemen, had endeavoured to hold his own with them, and to impress on them the conviction that he had nothing to conceal23; that he had personally endeavoured, as best he knew how, to avoid corruption25, and that if there had been corruption on the part of his own agents, he was himself ready to be a party in proclaiming it. But he found himself to be absolutely ignored and put out of court by his own counsel. They were gentlemen with whom professionally he had had no intercourse26, as he had practised at the Chancery, and they at the Common Law Bar. But he had been Solicitor-General, and was a bencher of his Inn, whereas Serjeant Burnaby was only a Serjeant, and Jacky Joram still wore a stuff gown. Nevertheless, he found himself to be "nowhere" in discussing with them the circumstances of the election. Even Joram, whom he seemed to remember having seen only the other day as an ugly shame-faced boy about the courts, treated him, not exactly with indignity27, but with patronising good-nature, listening with an air of half-attention to what he said, and then not taking the slightest heed28 of a word of it. Who does not know this transparent29 pretence30 of courtesies, which of all discourtesies is the most offensive? "Ah, just so, Sir Thomas; just so. And now, Mr. Trigger, I suppose Mr. Puffer's account hasn't yet been settled." Any word from Mr. Trigger was of infinitely31 greater value with Mr. Joram than all Sir Thomas's protestations. Sir Thomas could not keep himself from remembering that Jacky Joram's father was a cheesemonger at Gloucester, who had married the widow of a Jew with a little money. Twenty times Sir Thomas made up his mind to retire from the business altogether; but he always found himself unable to do so. When he mentioned the idea, Griffenbottom flung up his hands in dismay at such treachery on the part of an ally,—such treachery and such cowardice32! What!—had not he, Sir Thomas, forced him, Griffenbottom, into all this ruinous expenditure33? And now to talk of throwing up the sponge! It was in vain that Sir Thomas explained that he had forced nobody into it. It was manifestly the case that he had refused to go on with it by himself, and on this Mr. Griffenbottom and Mr. Trigger insisted so often and with so much strength that Sir Thomas felt himself compelled to stand to his guns, bad as he believed those guns to be.
If Sir Thomas meant to retreat, why had he not retreated when a proposition to that effect was made to him at his own chambers35? Of all the weak, vacillating, ill-conditioned men that Mr. Griffenbottom had ever been concerned with, Sir Thomas Underwood was the weakest, most vacillating, and most ill-conditioned. To have to sit in the same boat with such a man was the greatest misfortune that had ever befallen Mr. Griffenbottom in public life. Mr. Griffenbottom did not exactly say these hard things in the hearing of Sir Thomas, but he so said them that they became the common property of the Jorams, Triggers, Spiveycombs, and Spicers; and were repeated piecemeal36 to the unhappy second member.
He had secured for himself a separate sitting-room37 at the "Percy Standard," thinking that thus he would have the advantage of being alone; but every one connected with his party came in and out of his room as though it had been specially38 selected as a chamber34 for public purposes. Even Griffenbottom came into it to have interviews there with Trigger, although at the moment Griffenbottom and Sir Thomas were not considered to be on speaking terms. Griffenbottom in these matters seemed to have the hide of a rhinoceros39. He had chosen to quarrel with Sir Thomas. He had declared that he would not speak to a colleague whose Parliamentary ideas and habits were so repulsive40 to him. He had said quite aloud, that Trigger had never made a greater mistake in his life than in bringing Sir Thomas to the borough, and that, let the petition go as it would, Sir Thomas should never be returned for the borough again. He had spoken all these things, almost in the hearing of Sir Thomas. And yet he would come to Sir Thomas's private room, and sit there half the morning with a cigar in his mouth! Mr. Pile would come in, and make most unpleasant speeches. Mr. Spicer called continually, with his own ideas about the borough. The thing could be still saved if enough money were spent. If Mr. Givantake were properly handled, and Mr. O'Blather duly provided for, the two witnesses upon whom the thing really hung would not be found in Percycross when called upon to-morrow. That was Mr. Spicer's idea; and he was very eager to communicate it to Serjeant Burnaby. Trigger, in his energy, told Mr. Spicer to go and be ——. All this occurred in Sir Thomas's private room. And then Mr. Pabsby was there constantly, till he at last was turned out by Trigger. In his agony, Sir Thomas asked for another sitting-room; but was informed that the house was full. The room intended for the two members was occupied by Griffenbottom; but nobody ever suggested that the party might meet there when Sir Thomas's vain request was made for further accommodation. Griffenbottom went on with his cigar, and Mr. Pile sat picking his teeth before the fire, and making unpleasant little speeches.
The judge, who had hurried into Percycross from another town, and who opened the commission on the Monday evening, did not really begin his work till the Tuesday morning. Jacky Joram had declared that the inquiry would last three days, he having pledged himself to be at another town early on the following Friday. Serjeant Burnaby, whose future services were not in such immediate12 demand, was of opinion that they would not get out of Percycross till Saturday night. Judge Crumbie, who was to try the case, and who had been trying similar cases ever since Christmas, was not due at his next town till the Monday; but it was understood by everybody that he intended if possible to spend his Saturday and Sunday in the bosom of his family. Trigger, however, had magnificent ideas. "I believe we shall carry them into the middle of next week," he said, "if they choose to go on with it." Trigger thoroughly41 enjoyed the petition; and even Griffenbottom, who was no longer troubled by gout, and was not now obliged to walk about the borough, did not seem to dislike it. But to poor Sir Thomas it was indeed a purgatory42.
The sitting members were of course accused, both as regarded themselves and their agents, of every crime known in electioneering tactics. Votes had been personated. Votes had been bought. Votes had been obtained by undue43 influence on the part of masters and landlords, and there had been treating of the most pernicious and corrupt24 description. As to the personating of votes, that according to Mr. Trigger, had been merely introduced as a pleasant commencing fiction common in Parliamentary petitions. There had been nothing of the kind, and nobody supposed that there had, and it did not signify. Of undue influence,—what purists choose to call undue influence,—there had of course been plenty. It was not likely that masters paying thousands a year in wages were going to let these men vote against themselves. But this influence was so much a matter of course that it could not be proved to the injury of the sitting members. Such at least was Mr. Trigger's opinion. Mr. Spicer might have been a little imprudent with his men; but no case could be brought up in which a man had been injured. Undue influence at Percycross was—"gammon." So said Mr. Trigger, and Jacky Joram agreed with Mr. Trigger. Serjeant Burnaby rubbed his hands, and would give no opinion till he had heard the evidence. That votes had been bought during the day of the election there was no doubt on earth. On this matter great secrecy44 prevailed, and Sir Thomas could not get a word spoken in his own hearing. It was admitted, however, that votes had been bought. There were a dozen men, perhaps more than a dozen, who would prove that one Glump had paid them ten shillings a piece between one and two on the day of the election. There was a general belief that perhaps over a hundred had been bought at that rate. But Trigger was ready to swear that he did not know whence Glump had got the money, and Glump himself was,—nobody knew where Glump was, but strange whispers respecting Glump were floating about the borough. Trigger was disposed to believe that they, on their side, could prove that Glump had really been employed by Westmacott's people to vitiate the election. He was quite sure that nothing could connect Glump with him as an agent on behalf of Griffenbottom and Underwood. So Mr. Trigger asserted with the greatest confidence; but what was in the bottom of Mr. Trigger's mind on this subject no one pretended to know. As for Glump himself he was a man who would certainly take payment from anybody for any dirty work. It was the general impression through the borough that Glump had on this occasion been hired by Trigger, and Trigger certainly enjoyed the prestige which was thus conferred upon him.
As to the treating,—there could be no doubt about that. There had been treating. The idea of conducting an election at Percycross without beer seemed to be absurd to every male and female Percycrossian. Of course the publicans would open their taps and then send in their bills for beer to the electioneering agents. There was a prevailing45 feeling that any interference with so ancient a practice was not only un-English, but unjust also;—that it was beyond the power of Parliament to enforce any law so abominable46 and unnatural47. Trigger was of opinion that though there had been a great deal of beer, no attempt would be made to prove that votes had been influenced by treating. There had been beer on both sides, and Trigger hoped sincerely that there might always be beer on both sides as long as Percycross was a borough.
Sir Thomas found that his chance of success was now spoken of in a tone very different from that which had been used when the matter was discussed in his own chamber. He had been then told that it was hardly possible that he should keep his seat;—and he had in fact been asked to resign it. Though sick enough of Percycross, this he would not do in the manner then proposed to him. Now he was encouraged in the fight;—but the encouragement was of a nature which gave him no hope, which robbed him even of the wish to have a hope. It was all dirt from beginning to end. Whatever might be the verdict of the judge,—from the judge the verdict was now to come,—he should still believe that nothing short of absolute disfranchisement would meet the merits of the case.
The accusation48 with regard to the personation of votes was abandoned,—Serjeant Burnaby expressing the most extreme disgust that any such charge should have been made without foundation,—although he himself at the borough which he had last left had brought forward the same charge on behalf of his then clients, and had abandoned it in the same way. Then the whole of the remaining hours of the Tuesday and half the Wednesday were passed in showing that Messrs. Spicer, Spiveycomb, and Roodylands had forced their own men to vote blue. Mr. Spicer had dismissed one man and Mr. Spiveycomb two men; but both these gentlemen swore that the men dismissed were not worth their salt, and had been sent adrift upon the world by no means on account of their politics. True: they had all voted for Moggs; but then they had done that simply to spite their late master. On the middle of Wednesday, when the matter of intimidation49 had been completed,—the result still lying in the bosom of Baron50 Crumbie,—Mr. Trigger thought that things were looking up. That was the report which he brought to Mr. Griffenbottom, who was smoking his midday cigar in Sir Thomas's arm-chair, while Sir Thomas was endeavouring to master the first book of Lord Verulam's later treatise51 "De dignitate scientiarum," seated in a cane-bottomed chair in a very small bed-room up-stairs.
By consent the question of treating came next. Heaven and earth were being moved to find Glump. When the proposition was made that the treating should come before the bribery52 Trigger stated in court that he was himself doing his very best to find the man. There might yet be a hope, though, alas53, the hope was becoming slighter every hour. His own idea was that Glump had been sent away to Holland by,—well, he did not care to name the parties by whom he believed that Glump had been expatriated. However, there might be a chance. The counsel on the other side remarked that there might, indeed, be a chance. Baron Crumbie expressed a hope that Mr. Glump might make his appearance,—for the sake of the borough, which might otherwise fare badly; and then the great beer question was discussed for two entire days.
There was no doubt about the beer. Trigger, who was examined after some half-score of publicans, said openly that thirsty Conservative souls had been allowed to slake54 their drought at the joint55 expense of the Conservative party in the borough,—as thirsty Liberal souls had been encouraged to do on the other side. When reminded that any malpractice in that direction on the part of a beaten candidate could not affect the status of the elected members, he replied that all the beer consumed in Percycross during the election had not, to the best of his belief, affected56 a vote. The Percycrossians were not men to vote this way or that because of beer! He would not believe it even in regard to a Liberal Percycrossian. It might be so in other boroughs57, but of other boroughs he knew absolutely nothing. Who paid for the beer? Mr. Trigger at once acknowledged that it was paid for out of the general funds provided for the election. Who provided those funds? There was not a small amount of fencing on this point, during the course of which Mr. Joram snapped very sharply and very frequently at the counsel on the other side,—hoping thereby58 somewhat to change the issue. But at last there came out these two facts, that there was a general fund, to which all Conservatives might subscribe59, and that the only known subscribers to this fund were Mr. Griffenbottom, Sir Thomas Underwood, and old Mr. Pile, who had given a £10 note,—apparently with the view of proving that there was a fund. It was agreed on all hands that treating had been substantiated60; but it was remarked by some that Baron Crumbie had not been hard upon treating in other boroughs. After all, the result would depend upon what the Baron thought about Mr. Glump. It might be that he would recommend further inquiry, under a special commission, into the practices of the borough, because of the Glump iniquities61, and that he should, nevertheless, leave the seats to the sitting members. That seemed to be Mr. Trigger's belief on the evening of the Thursday, as he took his brandy and water in Sir Thomas's private sitting-room.
There is nothing in the world so brisk as the ways and manners of lawyers when in any great case they come to that portion of it which they know to be the real bone of the limb and kernel62 of the nut. The doctor is very brisk when after a dozen moderately dyspeptic patients he comes on some unfortunate gentleman whose gastric63 apparatus64 is gone altogether. The parson is very brisk when he reaches the minatory65 clause in his sermon. The minister is very brisk when he asks the House for a vote, telling his hoped-for followers66 that this special point is absolutely essential to his government. Unless he can carry this, he and all those hanging on to him must vacate their places. The horse-dealer is very brisk when, after four or five indifferent lots, he bids his man bring out from the stable the last thorough-bred that he bought, and the very best that he ever put his eye on. But the briskness67 of none of these is equal to the briskness of the barrister who has just got into his hands for cross-examination him whom we may call the centre witness of a great case. He plumes68 himself like a bullfinch going to sing. He spreads himself like a peacock on a lawn. He perks69 himself like a sparrow on a paling. He crows amidst his attorneys and all the satellites of the court like a cock among his hens. He puts his hands this way and that, settling even the sunbeams as they enter, lest a moat should disturb his intellect or dull the edge of his subtlety70. There is a modesty71 in his eye, a quiescence72 in his lips, a repose73 in his limbs, under which lie half-concealed74,—not at all concealed from those who have often watched him at his work,—the glance, the tone, the spring, which are to tear that unfortunate witness into pieces, without infringing75 any one of those conventional rules which have been laid down for the guidance of successful well-mannered barristers.
Serjeant Burnaby, though astute, was not specially brisk by nature; but on this Friday morning Mr. Joram was very brisk indeed. There was a certain Mr. Cavity, who had acted as agent for Westmacott, and who,—if anybody on the Westmacott side had been so guilty,—had been guilty in the matter of Glump's absence. Perhaps we should not do justice to Mr. Joram's acuteness were we to imagine him as believing that Glump was absent under other influence than that used on behalf of the conservative side; but there were subsidiary points on which Mr. Cavity might be made to tell tales. Of course there had been extensive bribery for years past in Percycross on the liberal as well as on the conservative side, and Mr. Joram thought that he could make Mr. Cavity tell a tale. And then, too, he could be very brisk in that affair of Glump. He was pretty nearly sure that Mr. Glump could not be connected by evidence with either of the sitting members or with any of their agents. He would prove that Glump was neutral ground, and that as such his services could not be traced to his friend, Mr. Trigger. Mr. Joram on this occasion was very brisk indeed.
A score of men were brought up, ignorant, half-dumb, heavy-browed men, all dressed in the amphibious garb76 of out-o'-door town labourers,—of whom there exists a class of hybrids77 between the rural labourer and the artizan,—each one of whom acknowledged that after noon on the election day he received ten shillings, with instructions to vote for Griffenbottom and Underwood. And they did vote for Griffenbottom and Underwood. At all elections in Percycross they had, as they now openly acknowledged, waited till about the same hour on the day of election, and then somebody had bought their votes for somebody. On this occasion the purchase had been made by Mr. Glump. There was a small empty house up a little alley78 in the town, to which there was a back door opening on a vacant space in the town known as Grinder's Green. They entered this house by one door, leaving it by the other, and as they passed through, Glump gave to each man half a sovereign with instructions, entering their names in a small book;—and then they went in a body and voted for Griffenbottom and Underwood. Each of the twenty knew nearly all the other twenty, but none of them knew any other men who had been paid by Glump. Of course none of them had the slightest knowledge of Glump's present abode79. It was proved that at the last election Glump had acted for the Liberals; but it was also proved that at the election before he had been active in bribing80 for the Conservatives. Very many things were proved,—if a thing be proved when supported by testimony81 on oath. Trigger proved that twenty votes alone could have been of no service, and would not certainly have been purchased in a manner so detrimental83. According to Trigger's views it was as clear as daylight that Glump had not been paid by them. When asked whether he would cause Mr. Glump to be repaid that sum of ten pounds, should Mr. Glump send in any bill to that effect, he simply stated that Mr. Glump would certainly send no such bill to him. He was then asked whether it might not be possible that the money should be repaid by Messrs. Griffenbottom and Underwood through his hands, reaching Glump again by means of a further middleman. Mr. Trigger acknowledged that were such a claim made upon him by any known agent of his party, he would endeavour to pass the ten pounds through the accounts, as he thought that there should be a certain feeling of honour in these things; but he did not for a moment think that any one acting with him would have dealings with Glump. On the Saturday morning, when the case was still going on, to the great detriment82 of Baron Grumble's domestic happiness, Glump had not yet been caught. It seemed that the man had no wife, no relative, no friend. The woman at whose house he lodged84 declared that he often went and came after this fashion. The respect with which Glump's name was mentioned, as his persistency85 in disobeying the law and his capability86 for intrigue87 were thus proved, was so great, that it was a pity he could not have been there to enjoy it. For the hour he was a great man in Percycross,—and the greater because Baron Crumbie did not cease to threaten him with terrible penalties.
Much other bribery was alleged88, but none other was distinctly brought home to the agents of the sitting members. As to bringing bribery home to Mr. Griffenbottom himself;—that appeared to be out of the question. Nobody seemed even to wish to do that. The judge, as it appeared, did not contemplate89 any result so grave and terrible as that. There was a band of freemen of whom it was proved that they had all been treated with most excessive liberality by the corporation of the town; and it was proved, also, that a majority of the corporation were supporters of Mr. Griffenbottom. A large number of votes had been so secured. Such, at least, was the charge made by the petitioners90. But this allegation Jacky Joram laughed to scorn. The corporation, of course, used the charities and privileges of the town as they thought right; and the men voted,—as they thought right. The only cases of bribery absolutely proved were those manipulated by Glump, and nothing had been adduced clearly connecting Glump and the Griffenbottomites. Mr. Trigger was in ecstasies91; but Mr. Joram somewhat repressed him by referring to these oracular words which had fallen from the Baron in respect to the corporation. "A corporation may be guilty as well as an individual," the Baron had said. Jacky Joram had been very eager in assenting92 to the Baron, but in asserting at the same time that the bribery must be proved. "It won't be assumed, my lord, that a corporation has bribed93 because it has political sympathies." "It should have none," said the Baron. "Human nature is human nature, my lord,—even in corporations," said Jacky Joram. This took place just before luncheon,—which was made a solemn meal on all sides, as the judge had declared his intention of sitting till midnight, if necessary.
Immediately after the solemn meal Mr. Griffenbottom was examined. It had been the declared purpose of the other side to turn Mr. Griffenbottom inside out. Mr. Griffenbottom and his conduct had on various former occasions been the subject of parliamentary petitions under the old form; but on such occasions the chief delinquent94 himself was never examined. Now Mr. Griffenbottom would be made to tell all that he knew, not only of his present, but of his past, iniquities. And yet Mr. Griffenbottom told very little; and it certainly did seem to the bystanders, that even the opposing counsel, even the judge on the bench, abstained95 from their prey96 because he was a member of Parliament. It was notorious to all the world that Griffenbottom had debased the borough; had so used its venal97 tendencies as to make that systematic98 which had before been too frequent indeed, but yet not systematized; that he had trained the rising generation of Percycross politicians to believe in political corruption;—and yet he escaped that utter turning inside out of which men had spoken.
The borough had cost him a great deal of money certainly; but as far as he knew the money had been spent legally. It had at least always been his intention before an election was commenced that nothing illegal should be done. He had no doubt always afterwards paid sums of money the use of which he did not quite understand, and as to some of which he could not but fear that it had been doubtfully applied99. The final accounts as to the last election had not reached him, but he did not expect to be charged with improper100 expenses. There no doubt would be something for beer, but that was unavoidable. As to Mr. Glump he knew literally101 nothing of the man,—nor had he wanted any such man's assistance. Twenty votes indeed! Let them look at his place upon the poll. There had been a time in the day when twenty votes this way or that might be necessary to Sir Thomas. He had been told that it was so. On the day of the election his own position on the poll had been so certain to him, that he should not have cared,—that is, for himself,—had he heard that Glump was buying votes against him. He considered it to be quite out of the question that Glump should have bought votes for him,—with any purpose of serving him. And so Mr. Griffenbottom escaped from the adverse102 counsel and from the judge.
There was very little in the examination of Sir Thomas Underwood to interest any one. No one really suspected him of corrupt practices. In all such cases the singular part of the matter is that everybody, those who are concerned and those who are not concerned, really know the whole truth which is to be investigated; and yet, that which everybody knows cannot be substantiated. There were not five men in court who were not certain that Griffenbottom was corrupt, and that Sir Thomas was not; that the borough was rotten as a six-months-old egg; that Glump had acted under one of Trigger's aides-de-camp; that intimidation was the law of the borough; and that beer was used so that men drunk might not fear that which sober they had not the courage to encounter. All this was known to everybody; and yet, up to the last, it was thought by many in Percycross that corruption, acknowledged, transparent, egregious103 corruption, would prevail even in the presence of a judge. Mr. Trigger believed it to the last.
But it was not so thought by the Jacky Jorams or by the Serjeant Burnabys. They made their final speeches,—the leading lawyer on each side, but they knew well what was coming. At half-past seven, for to so late an hour had the work been continued, the judge retired104 to get a cup of tea, and returned at eight to give his award. It was as follows:—
As to the personation of votes, there should have been no allegation made. In regard to the charge of intimidation it appeared that the system prevailed to such an extent as to make it clear to him that Percycross was unfit to return representatives to Parliament. In the matter of treating he was not quite prepared to say that had no other charge been made he should have declared this election void, but of that also there had been sufficient to make him feel it to be his duty to recommend to the Speaker of the House of Commons that further inquiry should be made as to the practices of the borough. And as to direct bribery, though he was not prepared to say that he could connect the agents of the members with what had been done,—and certainly he could not connect either of the two members themselves,—still, quite enough had been proved to make it imperative105 upon him to declare the election void. This he should do in his report to the Speaker, and should also advise that a commission be held with the view of ascertaining106 whether the privilege of returning members of Parliament should remain with the borough. With Griffenbottom he dealt as tenderly as he did with Sir Thomas, sending them both forth107 to the world, unseated indeed, but as innocent, injured men.
There was a night train up to London at 10 p.m., by which on that evening Sir Thomas Underwood travelled, shaking off from his feet as he entered the carriage the dust of that most iniquitous108 borough.
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1 borough | |
n.享有自治权的市镇;(英)自治市镇 | |
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2 fixed | |
adj.固定的,不变的,准备好的;(计算机)固定的 | |
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3 contemptible | |
adj.可鄙的,可轻视的,卑劣的 | |
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4 peril | |
n.(严重的)危险;危险的事物 | |
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5 incurred | |
[医]招致的,遭受的; incur的过去式 | |
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6 acting | |
n.演戏,行为,假装;adj.代理的,临时的,演出用的 | |
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7 scruple | |
n./v.顾忌,迟疑 | |
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8 conformity | |
n.一致,遵从,顺从 | |
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9 nominally | |
在名义上,表面地; 应名儿 | |
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10 avowed | |
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11 salvation | |
n.(尤指基督)救世,超度,拯救,解困 | |
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12 immediate | |
adj.立即的;直接的,最接近的;紧靠的 | |
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13 inquiry | |
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14 impurity | |
n.不洁,不纯,杂质 | |
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15 condemnation | |
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17 bosom | |
n.胸,胸部;胸怀;内心;adj.亲密的 | |
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18 positively | |
adv.明确地,断然,坚决地;实在,确实 | |
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19 ignominiously | |
adv.耻辱地,屈辱地,丢脸地 | |
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20 astute | |
adj.机敏的,精明的 | |
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21 astuteness | |
n.敏锐;精明;机敏 | |
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22 wane | |
n.衰微,亏缺,变弱;v.变小,亏缺,呈下弦 | |
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23 conceal | |
v.隐藏,隐瞒,隐蔽 | |
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24 corrupt | |
v.贿赂,收买;adj.腐败的,贪污的 | |
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25 corruption | |
n.腐败,堕落,贪污 | |
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26 intercourse | |
n.性交;交流,交往,交际 | |
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27 indignity | |
n.侮辱,伤害尊严,轻蔑 | |
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28 heed | |
v.注意,留意;n.注意,留心 | |
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29 transparent | |
adj.明显的,无疑的;透明的 | |
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30 pretence | |
n.假装,作假;借口,口实;虚伪;虚饰 | |
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31 infinitely | |
adv.无限地,无穷地 | |
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32 cowardice | |
n.胆小,怯懦 | |
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33 expenditure | |
n.(时间、劳力、金钱等)支出;使用,消耗 | |
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34 chamber | |
n.房间,寝室;会议厅;议院;会所 | |
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35 chambers | |
n.房间( chamber的名词复数 );(议会的)议院;卧室;会议厅 | |
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36 piecemeal | |
adj.零碎的;n.片,块;adv.逐渐地;v.弄成碎块 | |
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37 sitting-room | |
n.(BrE)客厅,起居室 | |
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38 specially | |
adv.特定地;特殊地;明确地 | |
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39 rhinoceros | |
n.犀牛 | |
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40 repulsive | |
adj.排斥的,使人反感的 | |
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41 thoroughly | |
adv.完全地,彻底地,十足地 | |
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42 purgatory | |
n.炼狱;苦难;adj.净化的,清洗的 | |
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43 undue | |
adj.过分的;不适当的;未到期的 | |
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44 secrecy | |
n.秘密,保密,隐蔽 | |
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45 prevailing | |
adj.盛行的;占优势的;主要的 | |
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46 abominable | |
adj.可厌的,令人憎恶的 | |
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47 unnatural | |
adj.不自然的;反常的 | |
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48 accusation | |
n.控告,指责,谴责 | |
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49 intimidation | |
n.恐吓,威胁 | |
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50 baron | |
n.男爵;(商业界等)巨头,大王 | |
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51 treatise | |
n.专著;(专题)论文 | |
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52 bribery | |
n.贿络行为,行贿,受贿 | |
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53 alas | |
int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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54 slake | |
v.解渴,使平息 | |
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55 joint | |
adj.联合的,共同的;n.关节,接合处;v.连接,贴合 | |
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56 affected | |
adj.不自然的,假装的 | |
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57 boroughs | |
(尤指大伦敦的)行政区( borough的名词复数 ); 议会中有代表的市镇 | |
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58 thereby | |
adv.因此,从而 | |
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59 subscribe | |
vi.(to)订阅,订购;同意;vt.捐助,赞助 | |
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60 substantiated | |
v.用事实支持(某主张、说法等),证明,证实( substantiate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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61 iniquities | |
n.邪恶( iniquity的名词复数 );极不公正 | |
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62 kernel | |
n.(果实的)核,仁;(问题)的中心,核心 | |
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63 gastric | |
adj.胃的 | |
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64 apparatus | |
n.装置,器械;器具,设备 | |
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65 minatory | |
adj.威胁的;恫吓的 | |
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66 followers | |
追随者( follower的名词复数 ); 用户; 契据的附面; 从动件 | |
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67 briskness | |
n.敏捷,活泼 | |
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68 plumes | |
羽毛( plume的名词复数 ); 羽毛饰; 羽毛状物; 升上空中的羽状物 | |
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69 perks | |
额外津贴,附带福利,外快( perk的名词复数 ) | |
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70 subtlety | |
n.微妙,敏锐,精巧;微妙之处,细微的区别 | |
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71 modesty | |
n.谦逊,虚心,端庄,稳重,羞怯,朴素 | |
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72 quiescence | |
n.静止 | |
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73 repose | |
v.(使)休息;n.安息 | |
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74 concealed | |
a.隐藏的,隐蔽的 | |
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75 infringing | |
v.违反(规章等)( infringe的现在分词 );侵犯(某人的权利);侵害(某人的自由、权益等) | |
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76 garb | |
n.服装,装束 | |
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77 hybrids | |
n.杂交生成的生物体( hybrid的名词复数 );杂交植物(或动物);杂种;(不同事物的)混合物 | |
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78 alley | |
n.小巷,胡同;小径,小路 | |
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79 abode | |
n.住处,住所 | |
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80 bribing | |
贿赂 | |
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81 testimony | |
n.证词;见证,证明 | |
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82 detriment | |
n.损害;损害物,造成损害的根源 | |
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83 detrimental | |
adj.损害的,造成伤害的 | |
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84 lodged | |
v.存放( lodge的过去式和过去分词 );暂住;埋入;(权利、权威等)归属 | |
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85 persistency | |
n. 坚持(余辉, 时间常数) | |
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86 capability | |
n.能力;才能;(pl)可发展的能力或特性等 | |
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87 intrigue | |
vt.激起兴趣,迷住;vi.耍阴谋;n.阴谋,密谋 | |
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88 alleged | |
a.被指控的,嫌疑的 | |
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89 contemplate | |
vt.盘算,计议;周密考虑;注视,凝视 | |
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90 petitioners | |
n.请求人,请愿人( petitioner的名词复数 );离婚案原告 | |
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91 ecstasies | |
狂喜( ecstasy的名词复数 ); 出神; 入迷; 迷幻药 | |
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92 assenting | |
同意,赞成( assent的现在分词 ) | |
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93 bribed | |
v.贿赂( bribe的过去式和过去分词 );向(某人)行贿,贿赂 | |
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94 delinquent | |
adj.犯法的,有过失的;n.违法者 | |
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95 abstained | |
v.戒(尤指酒),戒除( abstain的过去式和过去分词 );弃权(不投票) | |
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96 prey | |
n.被掠食者,牺牲者,掠食;v.捕食,掠夺,折磨 | |
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97 venal | |
adj.唯利是图的,贪脏枉法的 | |
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98 systematic | |
adj.有系统的,有计划的,有方法的 | |
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99 applied | |
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用 | |
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100 improper | |
adj.不适当的,不合适的,不正确的,不合礼仪的 | |
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101 literally | |
adv.照字面意义,逐字地;确实 | |
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102 adverse | |
adj.不利的;有害的;敌对的,不友好的 | |
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103 egregious | |
adj.非常的,过分的 | |
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104 retired | |
adj.隐退的,退休的,退役的 | |
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105 imperative | |
n.命令,需要;规则;祈使语气;adj.强制的;紧急的 | |
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106 ascertaining | |
v.弄清,确定,查明( ascertain的现在分词 ) | |
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107 forth | |
adv.向前;向外,往外 | |
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108 iniquitous | |
adj.不公正的;邪恶的;高得出奇的 | |
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