Adam, Seth, Enosh, Kenan, Mahalaleel, Jared, Methuselah, Henoch, Noah, Shem, Ham, & Japheth.
All Scripture1 is given by inspiration of God, (says the great Apostle) and is profitable for doctrine—to declare and confirm the truth—for reproof—to convince men of sin and confute errors—for correction—to reform the life, upon conviction—and for instruction in righteousness, in the obedience2 of God our Saviour3, as the only justifying4 righteousness of his Church. Every part of the sacred writings has an importance, a dignity, and a spirituality, becoming their divine author—and they are designed by God the Holy Ghost, to exhibit the glorious character of God our Father, as engaged in a covenant5 of redemption with his dear Son—Likewise, to hold forth6 the precious Person and finished work of God our Redeemer, as the only foundation and joy of poor guilty men, convinced p. 6of sin, and seeking his salvation9. They likewise maintain the nature and necessity of a divine change, through the operation of God the Spirit upon the souls of his elect, to make known to them the suitableness of Jesus and his salvation; to persuade the mind of its interest in him; and to witness to their renewed consciences they belong to God.—These, with many other grand truths, are everywhere set forth in God’s most holy word; sometimes in very plain and clear language, so that he who runs may read; at other times the same truths are couched in Parables10, Allegories, and dark Sayings: this shews what a pleasing variety there is in God’s most holy word, to entertain an enlightened mind. As God, our Covenant Father, has made nothing in vain, so he has revealed nothing in vain; his peculiar11 wisdom is seen even in giving names, or causing such and such names to be given to various characters, either in allusion12 to some circumstance attending their birth, or prophetical of what they were to be—or, as holding forth something of importance, either to themselves or to others.
It is not from a desire of singularity, nor an affectation of novelty, that I have read this text; but would proceed with caution and humility13.
I apprehend14 the first design of the text is to point out the Genealogies15 of the tribes of Israel, and is supposed to have been wrote by Ezra, and put into p. 7their hands, soon after the return from Babylon, as the captivity16 for seventy years, had thrown every thing in confusion.—The second design is to shew the Pedigree of the Messiah, that it might appear that our dear Lord was, according to the prophecies that went before him, the Son of David, the Son of Joseph, the Son of Adam—this the Evangelists, in the New Testament17, have shewn. There still appears one more worthy18 our observation; that the first thirteen Names in this Chapter have a signification in them, as they are Hebrew Names, and appear to be expressive19 of a Work of Grace in its commencement, carrying on, and completion, in the happy departure of the soul to glory. I pretend to no learning myself, of course must be indebted to Hebrew scholars for the translation of them—to God the divine Spirit, I am entirely20 indebted for the knowledge of the great things these Names express. On each I shall write but little, as it would swell21 this Sermon to a volume if I were to write all that I apprehend; I will only give the out-lines, and hope the reader will be entertained, and, above all, instructed, comforted, and built up on his most holy faith.
The Names, as they stand before us, are thus in their signification: Adam, Earth—Seth, Foundation—Enosh, Weakness—Kenan, Mourning—Mahalaleel, Illumination of God—Jared, Reigning—Enoch, dedicated—Methuselah, sending forth Death.—Lamech, cutting down—Noah, Rest, or Consolation—p. 8Shem, a Name—Ham, Warmth—Japheth, Enlargement. There is a beautiful gradation in them, and we shall consider them in order, and enlarge particularly on some.
Adam. This word signifies Earth; some read it red Earth, to shew our original—formed of the dust of the earth, and in consequence of sin, to dust we must return! This is an humbling23 thought to proud mortals. Adam was a striking figure of our blessed Jesus, in many instances; at present we only view him in his origin. God displayed his sovereignty in creating man, and setting him up as the head of all mankind. He viewed him as the figure in which our blessed Jesus should hereafter appear. He viewed all the elect in him, ordained24 the fall through him, for the grand purpose of displaying the riches of his grace, and the exaltation of our nature, through its union to Jesus: so the elect, as fallen in Adam, and actual transgressors, are become earthly, sensual, and devilish! Almighty25 grace appears, in its sovereignty, passing by fallen angels, and raising such earthly creatures as we are! Here, believer, admire and adore the God who loved your nature so well as to chuse it, and redeem7 it, and afterwards, by the gracious inhabitation of God the Spirit, to make it his holy, living temple.—This leads me to notice the name
Seth. This word is rendered by some put—p. 9by others, appointed—by others it signifies foundation. Consider the word in either sense it still seems expressive that God’s elect, though fallen in Adam, are put, or appointed to be partakers of covenant grace in their hearts. God would lay a foundation in the divine operations of the Spirit, for every good word and work; the new man is the foundation of every good desire—this new man is formed at once; it is not done by piece-meal, but it is done the moment the divine Spirit takes up his abode26 in the soul; the train of graces always follows the blessed Spirit of all grace, in the temples of the souls of his elect; his train fills the temple. This new man is the image of Christ; this is that which is born of God, and sinneth not, neither can it commit sin—it is Spirit, it is the kingdom of God within us, that does not come by observation, it chiefly consists in light, life, and love: and this new man, though often hid from its possessor, and always opposed, from a body of sin and death, yet it shall reign22, through righteousness, to everlasting27 life—a troop may overcome, but it shall overcome at last.—We shall now trace it in its various operations and blessed effects; this leads us to the Name of
Enos, signifying Weakness. This is one of the sad effects of the Fall; but an experimental acquaintance with it is an evidence of grace—a branch of that knowledge God has promised to give his p. 10people—all thy children shall be taught of God. Our blessed Jesus is revealed in the Word as the strength of his saints; and has promised we shall say for ourselves, in the Lord have I righteousness and strength—this can be of no use to a sinner till he is first convinced of his criminality and weakness; we learn the former much sooner than the latter—we soon find our criminality, and feel wretched in consequence, but we do not soon learn our strength is perfect weakness. We soon believe we have violated the Law, but we are some time learning to cease from our vain labour and rest alone in Jesus; to work we generally go, with all our might, quite forgetting that it is written, to him that worketh not, but believeth, is the reward reckoned. We strive to keep the Law; I can truly say I did: I began first with the fourth commandment; then I vowed28 to set a watch over my thoughts, but, alas29! I found Sin and Satan too strong for me: in the next place I saw the law was spiritual, and cursed me for every sinful thought! this threw down my Babel building. I strove to pacify30 my conscience with many prayers, and to please God with vows31; to conquer sin by my own arm; by watchfulness32, by reading more prayers, performing my duty with greater diligence. I read the Whole Duty of Man; on my knees I said over all the prayers in it—still sin overturned the whole of my performances; God still appeared angry; the Law cursed me, and the fears of death, the prospect34 of future judgment35, and p. 11the horrid36 idea of standing37 at the bar of God, overcame me, till I wished I never had been born. I can truly say that I envied the brute38 creation; begged of God to annihilate39 me; my heart rose in awful rebellion against him in all his dealing40. Often have I said, in the language of Dr. Watts’s Songs for Children,
And must the crimes that I have done
Be read and publish’d there;
Be all expos’d before the Sun,
While men and angels hear!
Lord! at thy feet asham’d I lie—
Upward I dare not look;
Pardon my sins before I die,
These words exactly suited my case; in these things I have, and do feel my native weakness—in keeping the Law, in pleasing God with human performances, in pacifying42 conscience with mere43 vows, in conquering sin, in my own strength, and in keeping up my own animal spirits, under desertion, darkness, guilt8, and trouble. O! what a mercy it is to have a burden-bearer! if it was not for this I must sink! and what a privilege to be taught how to cast our burthen on him who careth for us. Under the conviction of our native weakness, the character of Jesus, as the strength of our hearts, is exceeding precious; while we daily learn by constant experience, p. 12that as fallen sinners we are weak as we are wicked; the blessed Spirit convincing us of this, always produces the next name,
Kenan, Mourning. This generally stands connected with deep-rooted spiritual convictions of our state, as fallen, depraved, guilty, and helpless. We mourn on various accounts; sometimes because of our depravity, our guilt, and weakness; that do what we can, we are no better—still God is angry with us; the rebellion we feel, which must be God-provoking. We are grieved we ever sinned against him, because it has exposed us to his wrath44. All this mourning comes from a legal spirit; but there is a godly mourning, or a mourning after God—this comes from every sweet view we have of Jesus, as held forth in the Gospel; as the Saviour, Surety, Righteousness, and atoning45 Sacrifice—the soul is following after him—we want the happy enjoyment46 of him in our souls. With pleasure we listen to the Gospel, which exhibits his charms; the soul is filled with longing47 desires after him—a moving in the mind towards him—a venturing near to him—a longing for the day of his espousals—to read its part and lot in him. I am sure that the above was my case; I ran to the house of God, in hopes that every sermon I was going to hear, would be the time, and O how grieved was I when I had to return, and my beloved had not appeared in the way and manner I expected him. I find through all p. 13my pilgrimage, that the Lord always works in his own time and way. This, however, was mourning after him; this is certainly some small proof of love. Sometimes I longed to see my part and lot in him, from a principle of fear; sometimes from a principle of love, the going out of affection to him; hearing so much of him, and having an inward spiritual perception of his suitableness and glory. Two passages of scripture often did me good; the one says, By faith Noah was moved with fear, prepared himself an Ark: the other says, Whom having not seen we love; and though now we see him not, yet, believing, we rejoice.—But as I must be brief, I will mention the next Patriarch’s name,
Mahalaleel. This signifies the Descending48, or the Illumination of God—and follows the other name with great propriety49. It is written, Seek, and ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened to you; you shall find Christ the pearl of great price.—While the prison doors of unbelief and sin, horrors and gloomy fears are opened, the Lord Jesus descends50 to those who look for him, wait for him and expect him, for there shall be a reward, and thine expectation shall not be cut off; the blessed Spirit that has once operated upon the mind, as a reprover, convincer, and begotten51 the soul to an hope, will answer to his lovely character, the Comforter. If he communicates life to feel after God, to desire Christ above all, to keep up a constant hoping-for p. 14a smile from God, he will never, no, never disappoint it. Take courage, then, ye fearing characters, look to his word and faithfulness, who has said, Shall I bring to the birth, and not cause to bring forth? He is faithful that promised, who also will perform it—If we believe not, he abideth faithful, he cannot deny himself, nor of course his people, who are part of himself. This kept up my mind in looking for a deliverance. Sometimes I vowed I would give it up altogether, but God would not, did not give me up. Sometimes my heart fainted within me, lest I should never see the Lord in the land of the living, especially after waiting long, and praying much. I well understood that text in the Proverbs, Hope deferred52 makes the heart (full of expectation) sick. When I could get out to hear the Word, I ran to Providence53 Chapel54; heard the Word greedily, and kept watching for something that might be said, as a voice to me, or some sweet sight of a smiling God; but I returned again and again, sadly disappointed; and being under a legal spirit, began to quarrel with myself, and said, Ah! God has not appeared propitious55 yet, because I am such a sinner: Oh, if I was more diligent56, more watchful33 and less sinful, then, indeed, I might rest assured he would shew my sins forgiven, and smile upon me. Thus I wanted, fool-like, to take a price in my hand, to set wisdom. Sometimes my rebellious57 heart would quarrel with God himself; when I had been remarkably58 devout59, then my expectations p. 15were great, and I was still disappointed; so that I have often been led to see that God acts from no motive60, but in himself; all his operations of providence and grace, are to display his sovereignty—it is not of him that willeth, nor him that runneth, for I did both; all must be solved here, Even so Father, it seemeth good in thy sight. Not but we are still to be found in the use of means, for he purposed from everlasting to save his people; he promised the same in his word; all is made sure to us; yet he will be enquired61 of to do these things for his people. However, we are to subscribe62 with the hand, to the God of Jacob, or, in New Testament language, to set to our seal he is true. This work, or spiritual building, must go on; I will work and who shall let it? God begins it with a view to carry it on, and who can frustrate63 the designs of Jehovah to Sion’s mourners? To Sinners, weak, worthless, and mourning, God has sent his dear Son: here is God descending, and the Holy Spirit bearing an internal clear testimony64 to the soul, that it is born of God; leading us to see him, and sweetly persuading the soul to say, Father!—while he shines into the heart, and gives us the light of the knowledge of his glory. This is illumination indeed! His glory is seen in pardoning sin, displaying his free grace, and exalting65 a precious Jesus! The knowledge of this we get under the Word, but the light of the knowledge is the clear shining of it in our own personal experience; by the witness of the Spirit—an p. 16holy joy in God—solid peace in the conscience—access to the throne of God—a full persuasion66 of our interest in the love and covenant God of our salvation: this is scriptural, experimental, heart-felt religion; this is God descending, and such appearances are always attended with divine illumination—in his light we see light; in his light we saw darkness before—now we see God as our God; and God is light—we see Jesus, and can exclaim, The Lord is my light.—All this is manifested to us by the teachings, the clear persuasions67 of God the Spirit; thus we see the religion that comes from God always leads to God again. The light of the hypocrite makes him proud, puffs68 him up; but this leads us out of self, to admire, enjoy, and adore the glorious undivided Trinity in Unity69, the center of our happiness, the source of our joy: this is the nature of true joy in the Lord, whether experienced at our first conversion70, or in all our after renewings—all joy which does not center in God, will go out; it is the lamp of the foolish Virgins71, that will expire. On this part of the subject I would say a few words on the way the Lord led me. It must ever be remembered by us, that the Holy Spirit is a Sovereign in all his dispensaries; so his sovereignty is particularly discerned in the manner of his operations upon his people—the way in which they are called—the more gentle leadings, and the awful storms that others experience; with the manner of introducing the soul into the liberty of the sons of God, appears p. 17to manifest that the Almighty Minister in the Church does as he please—for there are diversities of operations, but it is the same Spirit.—I find the Work of the Spirit is the same in its nature and tendency, on all God’s elect. But there is a material difference in the way in which this Work is begun and carried on: Paul and Lydia were in possessions of this Work, yet the way they were brought into it was very different—the grand end was answered, namely, in bringing them to Jesus. This is the covenant Work of the Spirit upon all—many are driven by fearful horrors; others are led on very gradually—I must confess the latter was my case, yet I have often wished it had been the former, because, then I think the deliverance would have been the more conspicuous72; but my convictions were gentle, and my deliverance was gradual; not that I was without fears, horrors, or terrible ideas—I saw God was angry with me for sin; I tried to please him, but in vain—the Law came home to my heart, and much bondage73, legal striving, and awful rebellion did I feel; the fears of death and dread74 of hell I was seldom free from for years together. I have often thought my case was very singular. It is said in the Book of Psalms75, The entrance of thy Word givith Light. Now I know the first time I ever felt or saw the light, was at the age of fifteen. Being naturally an enemy to God’s Saints, Word, and Ministers, and living in an enemy’s house, that enmity, through native blindness, p. 18was increased. Being apprenticed76 in the neighbourhood of Providence Chapel, I heard much of, and joined in the ridicule77 against Mr. Huntington. One evening going of an errand, the Chapel being opened, I thought I would go in to hear what the babbler had to say, that I might have a little sport the next day. As soon as the text was read, the words came home to my mind in such a way as I cannot describe, only by the idea of a candle brought a light into a dark room! This overcame me, melted my heart, and I went out of the Chapel a few minutes after. From that moment I was led to feel my need of a Saviour. This light was attended afterwards with love, with desire, hopes, and a turning my feet to God’s testimonies78. I loved the people, minister, and word I before hated—I now saw with new eyes; I had many convictions before, but no desires after an interest in the Saviour—they were doubtless from God, though they were legal, but from this period I believe they were spiritual. My mind was set to seek the Lord—great pleasure I found in the ways of the Lord. I now had clearer convictions than ever of my ruined state, and they were attended with eager desires after a sense of my part and lot in Christ. Sometimes I thought I should be favored with it—othertimes not. The next very clear entrance of light was more visionary on the mind—I was hearing a minister on the Sufferings of Christ but felt an unusual indifference79 to all that he said. When the p. 19Sermon was ended the grand Hymn80 was gave out,
When I survey the wond’rous cross,
On which the Prince of Glory died—
This was attended in a moment with such an affecting view of the Sufferings of Jesus as is impossible to describe: I saw him clearly on the Cross, in great agonies—this deeply affected81 me—I covered my face lest any one should see my tears. This was followed with a thought that every sin of mine “did cost his heart a groan82!”—The Lord now led me on to seek him more than ever, and to know that he actually died for me; for the above vision was only on the mind; it did not shine into the heart with any assurance, therefore I could not rest on it. I told a good woman of it who attended Providence Chapel, and she assured me it was a token from the Lord, that I should be brought into glorious liberty, and, perhaps, preach a crucified Christ: Though this at the time appeared very unlikely, yet so it came to pass.
The next clear light manifested to my mind in a sensible way, was in hearing Mr. H. on—Go forth, O ye daughters of Zion, and behold83 King Solomon. This was sweet, clear, and precious indeed. Under that Sermon I had very blessed discoveries of Jesus, in the Suitableness of his Person, and the Love of his Heart, yet could not say he was mine. The p. 20Lord the Spirit continued my teacher, and many encouraging seasons I experienced. Sometimes full of doubts and fears—shut up in unbelief—overcome at times with besetting84 sin, which brought on all my horrors again; and while expecting to be cut off and sent to hell, was, on the contrary, many a time melted with his forbearing and tender mercy.—Thus I was kept, hoping and depending, looking for a deliverance and often disappointed. These words of Mr. Toplady, the first time I saw them, was very sweet to me, at a time when I was particularly low;
Yet, Lord, if thou ne’er had’st design’d
Ah, tell me how is it I find
Such sweetness in waiting for thee.
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1 scripture | |
n.经文,圣书,手稿;Scripture:(常用复数)《圣经》,《圣经》中的一段 | |
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2 obedience | |
n.服从,顺从 | |
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3 saviour | |
n.拯救者,救星 | |
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4 justifying | |
证明…有理( justify的现在分词 ); 为…辩护; 对…作出解释; 为…辩解(或辩护) | |
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5 covenant | |
n.盟约,契约;v.订盟约 | |
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6 forth | |
adv.向前;向外,往外 | |
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7 redeem | |
v.买回,赎回,挽回,恢复,履行(诺言等) | |
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8 guilt | |
n.犯罪;内疚;过失,罪责 | |
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9 salvation | |
n.(尤指基督)救世,超度,拯救,解困 | |
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10 parables | |
n.(圣经中的)寓言故事( parable的名词复数 ) | |
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11 peculiar | |
adj.古怪的,异常的;特殊的,特有的 | |
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12 allusion | |
n.暗示,间接提示 | |
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13 humility | |
n.谦逊,谦恭 | |
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14 apprehend | |
vt.理解,领悟,逮捕,拘捕,忧虑 | |
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15 genealogies | |
n.系谱,家系,宗谱( genealogy的名词复数 ) | |
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16 captivity | |
n.囚禁;被俘;束缚 | |
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17 testament | |
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18 worthy | |
adj.(of)值得的,配得上的;有价值的 | |
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19 expressive | |
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20 entirely | |
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21 swell | |
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22 reign | |
n.统治时期,统治,支配,盛行;v.占优势 | |
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23 humbling | |
adj.令人羞辱的v.使谦恭( humble的现在分词 );轻松打败(尤指强大的对手);低声下气 | |
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24 ordained | |
v.任命(某人)为牧师( ordain的过去式和过去分词 );授予(某人)圣职;(上帝、法律等)命令;判定 | |
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25 almighty | |
adj.全能的,万能的;很大的,很强的 | |
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26 abode | |
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27 everlasting | |
adj.永恒的,持久的,无止境的 | |
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28 vowed | |
起誓,发誓(vow的过去式与过去分词形式) | |
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29 alas | |
int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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30 pacify | |
vt.使(某人)平静(或息怒);抚慰 | |
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31 vows | |
誓言( vow的名词复数 ); 郑重宣布,许愿 | |
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32 watchfulness | |
警惕,留心; 警觉(性) | |
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33 watchful | |
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34 prospect | |
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35 judgment | |
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36 horrid | |
adj.可怕的;令人惊恐的;恐怖的;极讨厌的 | |
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37 standing | |
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的 | |
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38 brute | |
n.野兽,兽性 | |
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39 annihilate | |
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40 dealing | |
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41 blot | |
vt.弄脏(用吸墨纸)吸干;n.污点,污渍 | |
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42 pacifying | |
使(某人)安静( pacify的现在分词 ); 息怒; 抚慰; 在(有战争的地区、国家等)实现和平 | |
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43 mere | |
adj.纯粹的;仅仅,只不过 | |
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44 wrath | |
n.愤怒,愤慨,暴怒 | |
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45 atoning | |
v.补偿,赎(罪)( atone的现在分词 );补偿,弥补,赎回 | |
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46 enjoyment | |
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47 longing | |
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48 descending | |
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49 propriety | |
n.正当行为;正当;适当 | |
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50 descends | |
v.下来( descend的第三人称单数 );下去;下降;下斜 | |
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51 begotten | |
v.为…之生父( beget的过去分词 );产生,引起 | |
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52 deferred | |
adj.延期的,缓召的v.拖延,延缓,推迟( defer的过去式和过去分词 );服从某人的意愿,遵从 | |
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53 providence | |
n.深谋远虑,天道,天意;远见;节约;上帝 | |
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54 chapel | |
n.小教堂,殡仪馆 | |
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55 propitious | |
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56 diligent | |
adj.勤勉的,勤奋的 | |
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57 rebellious | |
adj.造反的,反抗的,难控制的 | |
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58 remarkably | |
ad.不同寻常地,相当地 | |
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59 devout | |
adj.虔诚的,虔敬的,衷心的 (n.devoutness) | |
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60 motive | |
n.动机,目的;adv.发动的,运动的 | |
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61 enquired | |
打听( enquire的过去式和过去分词 ); 询问; 问问题; 查问 | |
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62 subscribe | |
vi.(to)订阅,订购;同意;vt.捐助,赞助 | |
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63 frustrate | |
v.使失望;使沮丧;使厌烦 | |
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64 testimony | |
n.证词;见证,证明 | |
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65 exalting | |
a.令人激动的,令人喜悦的 | |
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66 persuasion | |
n.劝说;说服;持有某种信仰的宗派 | |
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67 persuasions | |
n.劝说,说服(力)( persuasion的名词复数 );信仰 | |
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68 puffs | |
n.吸( puff的名词复数 );(烟斗或香烟的)一吸;一缕(烟、蒸汽等);(呼吸或风的)呼v.使喷出( puff的第三人称单数 );喷着汽(或烟)移动;吹嘘;吹捧 | |
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69 unity | |
n.团结,联合,统一;和睦,协调 | |
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70 conversion | |
n.转化,转换,转变 | |
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71 virgins | |
处女,童男( virgin的名词复数 ); 童贞玛利亚(耶稣之母) | |
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72 conspicuous | |
adj.明眼的,惹人注目的;炫耀的,摆阔气的 | |
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73 bondage | |
n.奴役,束缚 | |
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74 dread | |
vt.担忧,忧虑;惧怕,不敢;n.担忧,畏惧 | |
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75 psalms | |
n.赞美诗( psalm的名词复数 );圣诗;圣歌;(中的) | |
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76 apprenticed | |
学徒,徒弟( apprentice的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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77 ridicule | |
v.讥讽,挖苦;n.嘲弄 | |
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78 testimonies | |
(法庭上证人的)证词( testimony的名词复数 ); 证明,证据 | |
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79 indifference | |
n.不感兴趣,不关心,冷淡,不在乎 | |
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80 hymn | |
n.赞美诗,圣歌,颂歌 | |
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81 affected | |
adj.不自然的,假装的 | |
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82 groan | |
vi./n.呻吟,抱怨;(发出)呻吟般的声音 | |
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83 behold | |
v.看,注视,看到 | |
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84 besetting | |
adj.不断攻击的v.困扰( beset的现在分词 );不断围攻;镶;嵌 | |
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85 blessing | |
n.祈神赐福;祷告;祝福,祝愿 | |
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