“We confess ourselves conquered,” said Herbert, when the next evening was come; “your old monk’s learning is too recondite2 for us.”
“First, then, comes ‘I have expended3’: what?—my life—in judgment4, in advice, in authority. ‘I have given’—equipments to my servants and warriors5, charity to the needy6. ‘I have kept’—exact justice. ‘I have possessed’—a generous and true heart. ‘I do possess’—a hand to bestow7, to protect, to punish. ‘I have lost’—my folly8, the friendship of my foes9, the desires of the flesh. ‘I am punished’—for my sins.”
“So far, so good; but the most abstruse10 remains11 unexplained,” said Thompson; “on the front of the sarcophagus was written: ‘What I have expended, I have; what I gave away, I have.’ How do you read these sayings?”
“I am afraid I cannot help you,” rejoined Lathom; “the story seems to be defective12 at this point, and we must fall back on the suggestions of the translator, of whom I have spoken before. Mr. Swan refers the words ‘What I have expended, I have’ to a judicious14 outlay15 of property, by which various benefits are reaped by the expender in the persons of his descendants; whilst 105the other words, ‘What I have given away, I have,’ he explains of the thanks of the poor and the blessings16 of heaven consequent on charitable gifts.”
“Your story reminds me of the old epitaph in Doncaster Church,” said Herbert, “which Gough gives in these words:
“‘Howe, howe, who is heare?
I, Robert of Doncaster, and Margaret my feare (wife),
That I spent, that I had;
That I gave, that I have;
That I left, that I lost:
A.D. 1579.
Quoth Robertus Byrkes,
Who in this worlde
Did reygne three
Score yeares and seven
And yet lived not one?’”
“The three centre lines of his epitaph, indeed, bear a curious likeness17 to some of the inscriptions18 on the sarcophagus; perhaps the wise man who composed the epitaph may have seen your old monk’s book, or heard its moralities in many an old pulpit exhortation19 in his early days,” said Thompson.
“Coincidences are oftentimes just as remarkable20 as plagiarisms,” said Herbert. “But come, Sir Tale-teller, What entertainment have you for us this evening?”
“A little poetry, not of my own, but so closely resembling the old tale of the Gesta, that I prefer this poetic21 version, of The Lay of the Little Bird, to my own stiff prose.”
THE LAY OF THE LITTLE BIRD.
“In days of yore, at least a century since,
There liv’d a carle as wealthy as a prince:
In choice delight so passing all the rest,
No castle, burgh, or city might compare
The sooth to say, I fear my words may seem
If, unadvis’d, the portraiture28 I trace,
And each brave pleasure of that peerless place.
Foreknow ye, then, by necromantic29 might
Was rais’d this paradise of all delight:
Died, and his son possess’d the heritage:
(His chattles quickly wasted and forespent),
To the base carle of whom I lately told.
Ye wot right well there only need be sought
A lofty tower and strong, the building stood
’Midst a vast plain surrounded by a flood;
And hence one pebble-paved channel stray’d,
That compass’d in a clustering orchard’s shade;
’Twas a choice, charming plat; abundant round;
Flowers, roses, odorous spices cloth’d the ground;
The sward one level held, and close above,
All equal growth, and low their branches came,
Thick set with goodliest fruits of every name.
In midst, to cheer the ravish’d gazer’s view,
Thence slowly on with crystal current pass’d,
And crept into the distant flood at last:
But nigh its source a pine’s umbrageous41 head
Stretch’d far and wide in deathless verdure spread,
Met with broad shade the summer’s sultry gleam,
And through the livelong year shut out the beam.
Such was the scene: yet still the place was bless’d
With one rare pleasure passing all the rest:
Waked the dim morn, and closed the parting day:
108Of power they were with new-born joy to move
The cheerless heart of long-desponding love;
Of power so strange, that should they cease to sound,
That goodly orchard’s scene, the pine-tree’s shade,
‘Listen, listen to my lay!’
Thus the merry notes did chime,
Sadly wasting in your prime,
Clerk and laic, grave and gay!
Yet do ye, before the rest,
Store my lesson in your breast,
Trust me it shall profit well:
So sang the bird of old; but when he spied
The carle draw near, with alter’d tone he cried—
‘Back, river, to thy source! and thee, tall tower,
Beneath these beauteous branches once were seen,
Stray’d the blithe bands, and joyed to hear my song:
These more would cherish, those would more deserve;
O bitter change! for master now we see
So spake the bird; and, as he ceas’d to sing,
Indignantly he clapp’d his downy wing,
In the clown’s breast at his reproachful word:
Bent was his wit alone by quaint device
That when at eve the little songster sought
His wonted spray, his little foot was caught.
‘How have I harm’d you?’ straight he ’gan to cry,
110‘Nay, fear not,’ quoth the clown, ‘for death or wrong;
I only seek to profit by thy song:
I’ll get thee a fine cage, nor shalt thou lack
But sing thou shalt; for if thou play’st the mute,
I’ll spit thee, bird, and pick thy bones to boot.’
And, were I cook’d, my bulk might scarce afford
What may I more relate?—the captive wight
Assay’d to melt the villain all he might;
And fairly promis’d, were he once set free,
Three secrets, all so marvellous and rare,
His race knew nought that might with these compare.
The songster thrall, by love of gain seduc’d;
Up to the summit of the pine-tree’s shade
Sped the blithe bird, and there at ease he stay’d,
Till the carle claim’d his promise from below:
‘Right gladly,’ quoth the bird; ‘now grow thee wise:
111First then, lest haply in the event it fail,
Yield not a ready faith to every tale.’
‘Keep then thy silly lesson for thyself;
I need it not.’—‘How be ’tis not amiss
To prick thy memory with advice like this,
Mark next my second rule, and sadly know,
What’s lost, ’tis wise with patience to forego.’
He felt the mockery of the songster’s strain.
‘Peace,’ quoth the bird; ‘my third is far the best;
Store thou the precious treasure in thy breast:
What good thou hast, ne’er lightly from thee cast.’
Straight sunk in earth, the gushing fountain dries,
Down fall the fruits, the wither’d pine-tree dies,
Fades all the beauteous plat, so cool, so green,
Into thin air, and never more is seen.
‘Such was the meed of avarice:—bitter cost!
The carle who all would gather, all has lost.’”
“There is something very Eastern about this tale,” remarked Herbert at its conclusion.
“It is found in the old Greek monk’s legend of Barlaam and Josaphat,” replied Lathom, “to whom it is more 112probable that it came from the East than from any other source.”
“Such a story, I should suppose, has been freely used by later writers,” said Thompson.
“It appears in the Disciplina Clericalis of Alphonsus, in The Golden Legend of Caxton, and in Lydgate under the title of ‘The Chorle and the Bird’; but besides these and Mr. Way, whose version I have just read you, I cannot discover any other writers who have made use of this fiction.”
“The moral of this fiction explains itself,” said Herbert. “I presume the author is content with the plain meaning.”
“Yes, for this once,” rejoined Lathom; “but be content, the next story will satisfy the greatest lover of allegories; for curious, indeed, is it as an instance, even among curiosities, of the once common practice of converting every thing into allegory.”
“How is it entitled?” asked Thompson.
“‘Of the Burdens of this Life’; in form it is a dialogue between a scholar and his master, who might well be supposed to change places with each other. You must be content with Mr. Swan’s version.”
OF THE BURDENS OF THIS LIFE.
A certain king once went to a fair, and took with him a preceptor and his scholar. Standing87 in the market-place they perceived eight packages for sale. The scholar questioned his teacher respecting the first of them. “Pray,” said he, “what is the price of poverty? that is, of tribulation88 for the love of God?”
113Preceptor. The kingdom of heaven.
Scholar. It is a great price indeed. Open the second package and let us see what it contains.
Scholar. Meekness indeed is a very illustrious thing, and worthy91 of divine majesty92. What is its price?
Preceptor. Neither gold nor silver will be taken; they are too contemptible93. I demand earth for it; and nothing but earth will I receive.
Scholar. There is a spacious94 tract95 of uninhabited country between India and Great Britain. Take as much of it as you please.
Preceptor. No; this land is the land of the dying; the land which devours96 its inhabitants. Men die there. I demand the land of the living.
Scholar. I muse97 at what you say. All die, and would you alone be exempt98? Would you live for ever? Behold99, blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth. What is there in the third package?
Preceptor. Hunger and thirst.
Scholar. For how much may these be purchased?
Preceptor. For righteousness. Blessed are they who hunger and thirst after righteousness, for they shall be filled.
114Scholar. Therefore you shall possess righteousness, provided there be no neglect. What does the fourth contain?
Preceptor. Tears, wailings, and woe;
Moisture above, and moisture below.
Scholar. It is not customary to buy tears and wailings, yet I will buy it; because the saints desire it at this price. Blessed are they who mourn, for they shall be comforted. What is the fifth package?
Preceptor. It is a divided parcel, and contains mercy, which I will weigh to please you. At a word, I will take mercy for mercy; eternity100 for time.
Scholar. You were a bad umpire to ask this, unless mercy should plead for you. Nevertheless, she shall become your surety. And blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy. In this life we abound101 in poverty and wretchedness and hardship. Undo102 the sixth package, perhaps it may contain something better.
Preceptor. It is clearly full, but it loves not, like a purple robe, to be exposed before the common eye; you shall see it in private, and then we will agree about the price.
Scholar. Very well; what is next?
Preceptor. Purity; which is extremely valuable. That gold and silver vase contains piety103, goodness, charity, and spiritual joy. Now then 115let us open these precious garments. Here are lectures, meditations104, prayers, and contemplations. The judgments105 of the Lord are justified106 in themselves, and more to be desired than gold and precious stones.
Scholar. There is a great reward in the possession. Ask, therefore, what you will.
Preceptor. To see God.
Scholar. Therefore, Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God. Open the seventh package.
Preceptor. It contains peace.
Scholar. What! are you going to sell me your peace?
Preceptor. It does not accord with my poverty, nor would it with your justice and great wealth, to take any thing of me for nothing. But your liberality will make me rich. What then? I am a mean country fellow, and made of clay; formed of the very dust of the earth. My want of nobility oppresses me, and I would no longer bear the reproach which says: “You are earth, and to earth you shall go.” I would rather have it said to me: “You are heaven, and to heaven you shall go.” I eagerly desire to fulfil the destiny of the sons of God; I would become a son of God.
Scholar. I have done; I confess the truth, and distrust you no longer. Blessed are the peacemakers, 116for they shall be called the sons of God. If, therefore, you preserve the love of a son, you shall receive the paternal107 inheritance. Now what is contained in the last package? Explain it.
Preceptor. It contains only tribulation and persecution108 for the sake of righteousness.
Scholar. What do you want for it?
Preceptor. The kingdom of heaven.
Scholar. I gave you that as the price of poverty!
Preceptor. True; but month after month, week after week, man wanders in his wishes. Before the present week or month expires, what will remain of it?
Scholar. I marvel79 at your sagacity in making a bargain. Now hear, good and faithful servant! because thou hast been faithful over a few things, I will appoint thee lord over many.
“The allusion109 to the king’s visit to the fair,” said Herbert, “reminds me of what Wharton says of the royal booth at the fair of St. Botolph, at Boston, in Lincolnshire, from which stall or booth the king drew revenue.”
“Before roads were general and passable, and the communication between town and town was frequent, the concourse of people at the various fairs must have been very great,” said Thompson.
“As great as even now in many parts of the East, where the fairs are still regarded as the great emporia of 117merchandise, the universal mart of extensive districts, dependent on such meetings for their chief supplies.”
“Wharton,” said Herbert, “gives a curious account of St. Giles’ fair at Winchester, which dated back to the Conquest, was held for three days, and, by later grants, extended to sixteen; and was given by William the Conqueror110 to the bishops111 of Winchester as a source of revenue.”
“For those days, very great: the jurisdiction114 of the fair extended for seven miles round, including the port of Southampton; and every merchant who sold wares115 within that circuit, except at the fair, or refused to pay the bishop112’s toll116, had his goods forfeited117 to the bishop. In the middle of St. Giles’ Down stood the bishop’s pavilion, where sat his court, supreme118, so long as the fair lasted, within the seven miles’ jurisdiction.”
“What, over other existing jurisdictions119, the lords of the neighborhood, or the corporation of Winchester?” asked Thompson.
“Yes, supreme for the time. Even the city was for the time under the bishop’s rule; on St. Giles’ eve the keys were delivered to him, and during the fair toll was exacted in his name on all goods that went through the city gate. No baron120 within the circuit could hold his manor-court without a license121 from the bishop’s pavilion. The bishop appointed a mayor, bailiff, and coroner of his own during the fair.”
“Being so near the coast, foreigners must have often resorted to the great Winchester fair, I presume?”
“Yes,” rejoined Herbert. “So numerous and powerful that they had their separate street in the fair, as the drapers, and spice-dealers, and potters had theirs; and the toll to the bishop from the foreign merchants formed no mean portion of the revenue he derived from the fair.”
118“It was an old custom for merchants to meet from all countries at the different fairs,” said Lathom. “I remember to have read that in 1314, Philip of France remonstrated122 with our second Edward on the great loss his subjects had received from the merchants of England desisting from frequenting the fairs in France.”
“Yes,” remarked Frederick Thompson; “in the days of the Edwards and Henrys a fair was as great a panacea123 for evils, as public meetings in this century. If a village was sacked or destroyed by fire or flood, the grant of a fair was an established means of restoring it to its pristine124 vigor125.”
“We must look abroad for the old fairs, such as they were in the middle ages,” said Herbert. “Frankfort and Leipzig still remind us of such fairs as that at Winchester; thirty to forty thousand buyers and sellers are not uncommonly126 seen at Leipzig, the last great fair of Central Europe.”
“And yet,” said Lathom, “both of these are but children to the great fair of Nischnei-Novgorod, where merchants from the banks of the Baltic and the Caspian interchange goods with Khivans, Chinese, the mountaineers of Central Asia, and the merchants of Western Europe.”
“It is, indeed, almost difficult to believe Kohl’s account of the meeting at Nischnei-Novgorod,” said Herbert.
“Wonderful, but of admitted truth. How curious must be the scenes: a town of vast emporia, mingled127 with nearly three thousand shops, almost without an inhabitant, save a few government officials, until the flag is raised on the 29th of June; then the town is alive like an ant-hill. Every magazine and booth is filled with merchandise, the produce of the most diverse countries; thousands of boats are landing goods, or taking them to other vessels128; piles of merchandise stand on all sides, even in the open country; and amidst all 119this treasury129 of wealth, three hundred thousand of nearly all nations under heaven are trafficking.”
“The value of goods exposed at such fairs must be startling, if capable of being calculated,” said Herbert.
“The system of fair-tolls makes this an easy matter. In 1839, the value of goods exposed at twenty-two of the fairs of Russia, reached fifteen millions and a half, of which Novgorod contributed nearly one half.”
“Roubles,” suggested Thompson.
点击收听单词发音
1 continental | |
adj.大陆的,大陆性的,欧洲大陆的 | |
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2 recondite | |
adj.深奥的,难解的 | |
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3 expended | |
v.花费( expend的过去式和过去分词 );使用(钱等)做某事;用光;耗尽 | |
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4 judgment | |
n.审判;判断力,识别力,看法,意见 | |
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5 warriors | |
武士,勇士,战士( warrior的名词复数 ) | |
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6 needy | |
adj.贫穷的,贫困的,生活艰苦的 | |
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7 bestow | |
v.把…赠与,把…授予;花费 | |
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8 folly | |
n.愚笨,愚蠢,蠢事,蠢行,傻话 | |
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9 foes | |
敌人,仇敌( foe的名词复数 ) | |
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10 abstruse | |
adj.深奥的,难解的 | |
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11 remains | |
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹 | |
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12 defective | |
adj.有毛病的,有问题的,有瑕疵的 | |
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13 spoke | |
n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说 | |
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14 judicious | |
adj.明智的,明断的,能作出明智决定的 | |
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15 outlay | |
n.费用,经费,支出;v.花费 | |
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16 blessings | |
n.(上帝的)祝福( blessing的名词复数 );好事;福分;因祸得福 | |
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17 likeness | |
n.相像,相似(之处) | |
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18 inscriptions | |
(作者)题词( inscription的名词复数 ); 献词; 碑文; 证劵持有人的登记 | |
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19 exhortation | |
n.劝告,规劝 | |
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20 remarkable | |
adj.显著的,异常的,非凡的,值得注意的 | |
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21 poetic | |
adj.富有诗意的,有诗人气质的,善于抒情的 | |
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22 domain | |
n.(活动等)领域,范围;领地,势力范围 | |
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23 mead | |
n.蜂蜜酒 | |
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24 manor | |
n.庄园,领地 | |
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25 quaint | |
adj.古雅的,离奇有趣的,奇怪的 | |
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26 mansion | |
n.大厦,大楼;宅第 | |
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27 fabling | |
v.讲故事,编寓言(fable的现在分词形式) | |
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28 portraiture | |
n.肖像画法 | |
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29 necromantic | |
降神术的,妖术的 | |
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30 knight | |
n.骑士,武士;爵士 | |
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31 lewd | |
adj.淫荡的 | |
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32 bent | |
n.爱好,癖好;adj.弯的;决心的,一心的 | |
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33 patrimony | |
n.世袭财产,继承物 | |
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34 nought | |
n./adj.无,零 | |
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35 profusely | |
ad.abundantly | |
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36 aromatic | |
adj.芳香的,有香味的 | |
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37 fragrance | |
n.芬芳,香味,香气 | |
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38 hovering | |
鸟( hover的现在分词 ); 靠近(某事物); (人)徘徊; 犹豫 | |
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39 mantles | |
vt.&vi.覆盖(mantle的第三人称单数形式) | |
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40 gushing | |
adj.迸出的;涌出的;喷出的;过分热情的v.喷,涌( gush的现在分词 );滔滔不绝地说话 | |
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41 umbrageous | |
adj.多荫的 | |
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42 wondrous | |
adj.令人惊奇的,奇妙的;adv.惊人地;异乎寻常地;令人惊叹地 | |
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43 dwelling | |
n.住宅,住所,寓所 | |
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44 amorous | |
adj.多情的;有关爱情的 | |
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45 wrought | |
v.引起;以…原料制作;运转;adj.制造的 | |
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46 harp | |
n.竖琴;天琴座 | |
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47 blithe | |
adj.快乐的,无忧无虑的 | |
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48 vapor | |
n.蒸汽,雾气 | |
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49 mighty | |
adj.强有力的;巨大的 | |
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50 maidens | |
处女( maiden的名词复数 ); 少女; 未婚女子; (板球运动)未得分的一轮投球 | |
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51 heed | |
v.注意,留意;n.注意,留心 | |
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52 gaping | |
adj.口的;张口的;敞口的;多洞穴的v.目瞪口呆地凝视( gape的现在分词 );张开,张大 | |
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53 devour | |
v.吞没;贪婪地注视或谛听,贪读;使着迷 | |
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54 gaudy | |
adj.华而不实的;俗丽的 | |
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55 mantling | |
覆巾 | |
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56 knights | |
骑士; (中古时代的)武士( knight的名词复数 ); 骑士; 爵士; (国际象棋中)马 | |
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57 disporting | |
v.嬉戏,玩乐,自娱( disport的现在分词 ) | |
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58 dames | |
n.(在英国)夫人(一种封号),夫人(爵士妻子的称号)( dame的名词复数 );女人 | |
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59 grove | |
n.林子,小树林,园林 | |
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60 vow | |
n.誓(言),誓约;v.起誓,立誓 | |
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61 mutual | |
adj.相互的,彼此的;共同的,共有的 | |
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62 swerve | |
v.突然转向,背离;n.转向,弯曲,背离 | |
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63 villain | |
n.反派演员,反面人物;恶棍;问题的起因 | |
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64 foul | |
adj.污秽的;邪恶的;v.弄脏;妨害;犯规;n.犯规 | |
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65 heeds | |
n.留心,注意,听从( heed的名词复数 )v.听某人的劝告,听从( heed的第三人称单数 ) | |
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66 melodious | |
adj.旋律美妙的,调子优美的,音乐性的 | |
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67 abasement | |
n.滥用 | |
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68 snare | |
n.陷阱,诱惑,圈套;(去除息肉或者肿瘤的)勒除器;响弦,小军鼓;vt.以陷阱捕获,诱惑 | |
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69 craftily | |
狡猾地,狡诈地 | |
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70 foliage | |
n.叶子,树叶,簇叶 | |
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71 doom | |
n.厄运,劫数;v.注定,命定 | |
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72 kernels | |
谷粒( kernel的名词复数 ); 仁; 核; 要点 | |
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73 woe | |
n.悲哀,苦痛,不幸,困难;int.用来表达悲伤或惊慌 | |
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74 thrall | |
n.奴隶;奴隶制 | |
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75 doomed | |
命定的 | |
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76 bide | |
v.忍耐;等候;住 | |
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77 scanty | |
adj.缺乏的,仅有的,节省的,狭小的,不够的 | |
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78 gratitude | |
adj.感激,感谢 | |
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79 marvel | |
vi.(at)惊叹vt.感到惊异;n.令人惊异的事 | |
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80 prick | |
v.刺伤,刺痛,刺孔;n.刺伤,刺痛 | |
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81 plumes | |
羽毛( plume的名词复数 ); 羽毛饰; 羽毛状物; 升上空中的羽状物 | |
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82 leisurely | |
adj.悠闲的;从容的,慢慢的 | |
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83 prudence | |
n.谨慎,精明,节俭 | |
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84 moody | |
adj.心情不稳的,易怒的,喜怒无常的 | |
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85 lore | |
n.传说;学问,经验,知识 | |
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86 chafed | |
v.擦热(尤指皮肤)( chafe的过去式 );擦痛;发怒;惹怒 | |
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87 standing | |
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的 | |
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88 tribulation | |
n.苦难,灾难 | |
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89 meekness | |
n.温顺,柔和 | |
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90 meek | |
adj.温顺的,逆来顺受的 | |
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91 worthy | |
adj.(of)值得的,配得上的;有价值的 | |
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92 majesty | |
n.雄伟,壮丽,庄严,威严;最高权威,王权 | |
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93 contemptible | |
adj.可鄙的,可轻视的,卑劣的 | |
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94 spacious | |
adj.广阔的,宽敞的 | |
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95 tract | |
n.传单,小册子,大片(土地或森林) | |
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96 devours | |
吞没( devour的第三人称单数 ); 耗尽; 津津有味地看; 狼吞虎咽地吃光 | |
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97 muse | |
n.缪斯(希腊神话中的女神),创作灵感 | |
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98 exempt | |
adj.免除的;v.使免除;n.免税者,被免除义务者 | |
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99 behold | |
v.看,注视,看到 | |
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100 eternity | |
n.不朽,来世;永恒,无穷 | |
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101 abound | |
vi.大量存在;(in,with)充满,富于 | |
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102 undo | |
vt.解开,松开;取消,撤销 | |
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103 piety | |
n.虔诚,虔敬 | |
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104 meditations | |
默想( meditation的名词复数 ); 默念; 沉思; 冥想 | |
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105 judgments | |
判断( judgment的名词复数 ); 鉴定; 评价; 审判 | |
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106 justified | |
a.正当的,有理的 | |
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107 paternal | |
adj.父亲的,像父亲的,父系的,父方的 | |
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108 persecution | |
n. 迫害,烦扰 | |
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109 allusion | |
n.暗示,间接提示 | |
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110 conqueror | |
n.征服者,胜利者 | |
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111 bishops | |
(基督教某些教派管辖大教区的)主教( bishop的名词复数 ); (国际象棋的)象 | |
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112 bishop | |
n.主教,(国际象棋)象 | |
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113 derived | |
vi.起源;由来;衍生;导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 );(从…中)得到获得;源于;(从…中)提取 | |
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114 jurisdiction | |
n.司法权,审判权,管辖权,控制权 | |
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115 wares | |
n. 货物, 商品 | |
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116 toll | |
n.过路(桥)费;损失,伤亡人数;v.敲(钟) | |
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117 forfeited | |
(因违反协议、犯规、受罚等)丧失,失去( forfeit的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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118 supreme | |
adj.极度的,最重要的;至高的,最高的 | |
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119 jurisdictions | |
司法权( jurisdiction的名词复数 ); 裁判权; 管辖区域; 管辖范围 | |
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120 baron | |
n.男爵;(商业界等)巨头,大王 | |
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121 license | |
n.执照,许可证,特许;v.许可,特许 | |
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122 remonstrated | |
v.抗议( remonstrate的过去式和过去分词 );告诫 | |
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123 panacea | |
n.万灵药;治百病的灵药 | |
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124 pristine | |
adj.原来的,古时的,原始的,纯净的,无垢的 | |
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125 vigor | |
n.活力,精力,元气 | |
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126 uncommonly | |
adv. 稀罕(极,非常) | |
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127 mingled | |
混合,混入( mingle的过去式和过去分词 ); 混进,与…交往[联系] | |
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128 vessels | |
n.血管( vessel的名词复数 );船;容器;(具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的)人 | |
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129 treasury | |
n.宝库;国库,金库;文库 | |
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130 sterling | |
adj.英币的(纯粹的,货真价实的);n.英国货币(英镑) | |
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131 digressive | |
adj.枝节的,离题的 | |
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