For the sea is the true Tophet and bottomless pit of many workers of iniquity7; and, as the German mystics feign8 Gehennas within Gehennas, even so are men-of-war familiarly known among sailors as "Floating Hells." And as the sea, according to old Fuller, is the stable of brute9 monsters, gliding10 hither and thither11 in unspeakable swarms12, even so is it the home of many moral monsters, who fitly divide its empire with the snake, the shark, and the worm.
Nor are sailors, and man-of-war's-men especially, at all blind to a true sense of these things. "Purser rigged and parish damned," is the sailor saying in the American Navy, when the tyro13 first mounts the lined frock and blue jacket, aptly manufactured for him in a State Prison ashore15.
No wonder, that lured16 by some crimp into a service so galling17, and, perhaps, persecuted18 by a vindictive19 lieutenant20, some repentant21 sailors have actually jumped into the sea to escape from their fate, or set themselves adrift on the wide ocean on the gratings without compass or rudder.
In one case, a young man, after being nearly cut into dog's meat at the gangway, loaded his pockets with shot and walked overboard.
Some years ago, I was in a whaling ship lying in a harbour of the Pacific, with three French men-of-war alongside. One dark, moody22 night, a suppressed cry was heard from the face of the waters, and, thinking it was some one drowning, a boat was lowered, when two French sailors were picked up, half dead from exhaustion23, and nearly throttled24 by a bundle of their clothes tied fast to their shoulders. In this manner they had attempted their escape from their vessel25. When the French officers came in pursuit, these sailors, rallying from their exhaustion, fought like tigers to resist being captured. Though this story concerns a French armed ship, it is not the less applicable, in degree, to those of other nations.
Mix with the men in an American armed ship, mark how many foreigners there are, though it is against the law to enlist26 them. Nearly one third of the petty officers of the Neversink were born east of the Atlantic. Why is this? Because the same principle that operates in hindering Americans from hiring themselves out as menial domestics also restrains them, in a great measure, from voluntarily assuming a far worse servitude in the Navy. "Sailors wanted for the Navy" is a common announcement along the wharves28 of our sea-ports. They are always "wanted." It may have been, in part, owing to this scarcity29 man-of-war's men, that not many years ago, black slaves were frequently to be found regularly enlisted30 with the crew of an American frigate31, their masters receiving their pay. This was in the teeth of a law of Congress expressly prohibiting slaves in the Navy. This law, indirectly32, means black slaves, nothing being said concerning white ones. But in view of what John Randolph of Roanoke said about the frigate that carried him to Russia, and in view of what most armed vessels33 actually are at present, the American Navy is not altogether an inappropriate place for hereditary34 bondmen. Still, the circumstance of their being found in it is of such a nature, that to some it may hardly appear credible35. The incredulity of such persons, nevertheless, must yield to the fact, that on board of the United States ship Neversink, during the present cruise, there was a Virginian slave regularly shipped as a seaman36, his owner receiving his wages. Guinea—such was his name among the crew—belonged to the Purser, who was a Southern gentleman; he was employed as his body servant. Never did I feel my condition as a man-of-war's-man so keenly as when seeing this Guinea freely circulating about the decks in citizen's clothes, and through the influence of his master, almost entirely37 exempted38 from the disciplinary degradation39 of the Caucasian crew. Faring sumptuously40 in the ward-room; sleek41 and round, his ebon face fairly polished with content: ever gay and hilarious42; ever ready to laugh and joke, that African slave was actually envied by many of the seamen43. There were times when I almost envied him myself. Lemsford once envied him outright44, "Ah, Guinea!" he sighed, "you have peaceful times; you never opened the book I read in."
One morning, when all hands were called to witness punishment, the Purser's slave, as usual, was observed to be hurrying down the ladders toward the ward-room, his face wearing that peculiar45, pinched blueness, which, in the negro, answers to the paleness caused by nervous agitation46 in the white. "Where are you going, Guinea?" cried the deck-officer, a humorous gentleman, who sometimes diverted himself with the Purser's slave, and well knew what answer he would now receive from him. "Where are you going, Guinea?" said this officer; "turn about; don't you hear the call, sir?" "'Scuse me, massa!" said the slave, with a low salutation; "I can't 'tand it; I can't, indeed, massa!" and, so saying, he disappeared beyond the hatchway. He was the only person on board, except the hospital-steward and the invalids47 of the sick-bay, who was exempted from being present at the administering of the scourge48. Accustomed to light and easy duties from his birth, and so fortunate as to meet with none but gentle masters, Guinea, though a bondman, liable to be saddled with a mortgage, like a horse—Guinea, in India-rubber manacles, enjoyed the liberties of the world.
Though his body-and-soul proprietor49, the Purser, never in any way individualised me while I served on board the frigate, and never did me a good office of any kind (it was hardly in his power), yet, from his pleasant, kind, indulgent manner toward his slave, I always imputed50 to him a generous heart, and cherished an involuntary friendliness51 toward him. Upon our arrival home, his treatment of Guinea, under circumstances peculiarly calculated to stir up the resentment52 of a slave-owner, still more augmented53 my estimation of the Purser's good heart.
Mention has been made of the number of foreigners in the American Navy; but it is not in the American Navy alone that foreigners bear so large a proportion to the rest of the crew, though in no navy, perhaps, have they ever borne so large a proportion as in our own. According to an English estimate, the foreigners serving in the King's ships at one time amounted to one eighth of the entire body of seamen. How it is in the French Navy, I cannot with certainty say; but I have repeatedly sailed with English seamen who have served in it.
One of the effects of the free introduction of foreigners into any Navy cannot be sufficiently54 deplored55. During the period I lived in the Neversink, I was repeatedly struck by the lack of patriotism56 in many of my shipmates. True, they were mostly foreigners who unblushingly avowed57, that were it not for the difference of pay, they would as lief man the guns of an English ship as those of an American or Frenchman. Nevertheless, it was evident, that as for any high-toned patriotic58 feeling, there was comparatively very little—hardly any of it—evinced by our sailors as a body. Upon reflection, this was not to be wondered at. From their roving career, and the sundering59 of all domestic ties, many sailors, all the world over, are like the "Free Companions," who some centuries ago wandered over Europe, ready to fight the battles of any prince who could purchase their swords. The only patriotism is born and nurtured60 in a stationary61 home, and upon an immovable hearth-stone; but the man-of-war's-man, though in his voyagings he weds62 the two Poles and brings both Indies together, yet, let him wander where he will, he carries his one only home along with him: that home is his hammock. "Born under a gun, and educated on the bowsprit," according to a phrase of his own, the man-of-war-man rolls round the world like a billow, ready to mix with any sea, or be sucked down to death in the maelstrom63 of any war.
Yet more. The dread64 of the general discipline of a man-of-war; the special obnoxiousness65 of the gangway; the protracted66 confinement67 on board ship, with so few "liberty days;" and the pittance68 of pay (much less than what can always be had in the Merchant Service), these things contrive69 to deter70 from the navies of all countries by far the majority of their best seamen. This will be obvious, when the following statistical71 facts, taken from Macpherson's Annals of Commerce, are considered. At one period, upon the Peace Establishment, the number of men employed in the English Navy was 25,000; at the same time, the English Merchant Service was employing 118,952. But while the necessities of a merchantman render it indispensable that the greater part of her crew be able seamen, the circumstances of a man-of-war admit of her mustering72 a crowd of landsmen, soldiers, and boys in her service. By a statement of Captain Marryat's, in his pamphlet (A. D. 1822) "On the Abolition73 of Impressment," it appears that, at the close of the Bonaparte wars, a full third of all the crews of his Majesty's fleets consisted of landsmen and boys.
Far from entering with enthusiasm into the king's ships when their country were menaced, the great body of English seamen, appalled74 at the discipline of the Navy, adopted unheard-of devices to escape its press-gangs. Some even hid themselves in caves, and lonely places inland, fearing to run the risk of seeking a berth76 in an outward-bound merchantman, that might have carried them beyond sea. In the true narrative77 of "John Nichol, Mariner," published in 1822 by Blackwood in Edinburgh, and Cadell in London, and which everywhere bears the spontaneous impress of truth, the old sailor, in the most artless, touching78, and almost uncomplaining manner, tells of his "skulking79 like a thief" for whole years in the country round about Edin-burgh, to avoid the press-gangs, prowling through the land like bandits and Burkers. At this time (Bonaparte's wars), according to "Steel's List," there were forty-five regular press-gang stations in Great Britain.[5]
[FOOTNOTE-5] Besides this domestic kidnapping, British frigates80, in friendly or neutral harbours, in some instances pressed into their service foreign sailors of all nations from the public wharves. In certain cases, where Americans were concerned, when "protections" were found upon their persons, these were destroyed; and to prevent the American consul81 from claiming his sailor countrymen, the press-gang generally went on shore the night previous to the sailing of the frigate, so that the kidnapped seamen were far out to sea before they could be missed by their friends. These things should be known; for in case the English government again goes to war with its fleets, and should again resort to indiscriminate impressment to man them, it is well that both Englishmen and Americans, that all the world be prepared to put down an iniquity outrageous82 and insulting to God and man.
In a later instance, a large body of British seamen solemnly assembled upon the eve of an anticipated war, and together determined83, that in case of its breaking out, they would at once flee to America, to avoid being pressed into the service of their country—a service which degraded her own guardians84 at the gangway.
At another time, long previous to this, according to an English Navy officer, Lieutenant Tomlinson, three thousand seamen, impelled85 by the same motive86, fled ashore in a panic from the colliers between Yarmouth Roads and the Nore. Elsewhere, he says, in speaking of some of the men on board the king's ships, that "they were most miserable87 objects." This remark is perfectly88 corroborated89 by other testimony90 referring to another period. In alluding91 to the lamented92 scarcity of good English seamen during the wars of 1808, etc., the author of a pamphlet on "Naval93 Subjects" says, that all the best seamen, the steadiest and best-behaved men, generally succeeded in avoiding the impress. This writer was, or had been, himself a Captain in the British fleet.
Now it may be easily imagined who are the men, and of what moral character they are, who, even at the present day, are willing to enlist as full-grown adults in a service so galling to all shore-manhood as the Navy. Hence it comes that the skulkers and scoundrels of all sorts in a man-of-war are chiefly composed not of regular seamen, but of these "dock-lopers" of landsmen, men who enter the Navy to draw their grog and murder their time in the notorious idleness of a frigate. But if so idle, why not reduce the number of a man-of-war's crew, and reasonably keep employed the rest? It cannot be done. In the first place, the magnitude of most of these ships requires a large number of hands to brace94 the heavy yards, hoist95 the enormous top-sails, and weigh the ponderous96 anchor. And though the occasion for the employment of so many men comes but seldom, it is true, yet when that occasion does come—and come it may at any moment—this multitude of men are indispensable.
But besides this, and to crown all, the batteries must be manned. There must be enough men to work all the guns at one time. And thus, in order to have a sufficiency of mortals at hand to "sink, burn and destroy;" a man-of-war, through her vices75, hopelessly depraving the volunteer landsmen and ordinary seamen of good habits, who occasionally enlist—must feed at the public cost a multitude of persons, who, if they did not find a home in the Navy, would probably fall on the parish, or linger out their days in a prison.
Among others, these are the men into whose mouths Dibdin puts his patriotic verses, full of sea-chivalry and romance. With an exception in the last line, they might be sung with equal propriety97 by both English and American man-of-war's-men.
"As for me, in all weathers, all times, tides, and ends,
Naught's a trouble from duty that springs;
And as for my life, it's the king's.
To rancour unknown, to no passion a slave,
Nor unmanly, nor mean, nor a railer," etc.
I do not unite with a high critical authority in considering Dibdin's ditties as "slang songs," for most of them breathe the very poetry of the ocean. But it is remarkable100 that those songs—which would lead one to think that man-of-war's-men are the most care-free, contented101, virtuous102, and patriotic of mankind—were composed at a time when the English Navy was principally manned by felons103 and paupers104, as mentioned in a former chapter. Still more, these songs are pervaded105 by a true Mohammedan sensualism; a reckless acquiescence106 in fate, and an implicit107, unquestioning, dog-like devotion to whoever may be lord and master. Dibdin was a man of genius; but no wonder Dibdin was a government pensioner108 at L200 per annum.
But notwithstanding the iniquities109 of a man-of-war, men are to be found in them, at times, so used to a hard life; so drilled and disciplined to servitude, that, with an incomprehensible philosophy, they seem cheerfully to resign themselves to their fate. They have plenty to eat; spirits to drink; clothing to keep them warm; a hammock to sleep in; tobacco to chew; a doctor to medicine them; a parson to pray for them; and, to a penniless castaway, must not all this seem as a luxurious110 Bill of Fare?
There was on board of the Neversink a fore-top-man by the name of Landless, who, though his back was cross-barred, and plaided with the ineffaceable scars of all the floggings accumulated by a reckless tar27 during a ten years' service in the Navy, yet he perpetually wore a hilarious face, and at joke and repartee111 was a very Joe Miller112.
That man, though a sea-vagabond, was not created in vain. He enjoyed life with the zest113 of everlasting114 adolescence115; and, though cribbed in an oaken prison, with the turnkey sentries116 all round him, yet he paced the gun-deck as if it were broad as a prairie, and diversified117 in landscape as the hills and valleys of the Tyrol. Nothing ever disconcerted him; nothing could transmute118 his laugh into anything like a sigh. Those glandular119 secretions120, which in other captives sometimes go to the formation of tears, in him were expectorated from the mouth, tinged121 with the golden juice of a weed, wherewith he solaced122 and comforted his ignominious123 days.
"Rum and tobacco!" said Landless, "what more does a sailor want?"
His favourite song was "Dibdin's True English Sailor," beginning,
His anchor's atrip when his money's all spent,
And this is the life of a sailor."
But poor Landless danced quite as often at the gangway, under the lash125, as in the sailor dance-houses ashore.
Another of his songs, also set to the significant tune126 of The King, God bless him! mustered127 the following lines among many similar ones:
"Oh, when safely landed in Boston or 'York,
And toss off my glass while my rhino holds out,
In drinking success to our frigate!"
During the many idle hours when our frigate was lying in harbour, this man was either merrily playing at checkers, or mending his clothes, or snoring like a trumpeter under the lee of the booms. When fast asleep, a national salute130 from our batteries could hardly move him. Whether ordered to the main-truck in a gale131; or rolled by the drum to the grog-tub; or commanded to walk up to the gratings and be lashed132, Landess always obeyed with the same invincible133 indifference134.
His advice to a young lad, who shipped with us at Valparaiso, embodies135 the pith and marrow136 of that philosophy which enables some man-of-war's-men to wax jolly in the service.
"Shippy!" said Landless, taking the pale lad by his neckerchief, as if he had him by the halter; "Shippy, I've seen sarvice with Uncle Sam—I've sailed in many Andrew Millers137. Now take my advice, and steer138 clear of all trouble. D'ye see, touch your tile whenever a swob (officer) speaks to you. And never mind how much they rope's-end you, keep your red-rag belayed; for you must know as how they don't fancy sea-lawyers; and when the sarving out of slops comes round, stand up to it stiffly; it's only an oh Lord! Or two, and a few oh my Gods!—that's all. And what then? Why, you sleeps it off in a few nights, and turn out at last all ready for your grog."
This Landless was a favourite with the officers, among whom he went by the name of "Happy Jack." And it is just such Happy Jacks139 as Landless that most sea-officers profess140 to admire; a fellow without shame, without a soul, so dead to the least dignity of manhood that he could hardly be called a man. Whereas, a seaman who exhibits traits of moral sensitiveness, whose demeanour shows some dignity within; this is the man they, in many cases, instinctively141 dislike. The reason is, they feel such a man to be a continual reproach to them, as being mentally superior to their power. He has no business in a man-of-war; they do not want such men. To them there is an insolence142 in his manly99 freedom, contempt in his very carriage. He is unendurable, as an erect143, lofty-minded African would be to some slave-driving planter.
Let it not be supposed, however, that the remarks in this and the preceding chapter apply to all men-of-war. There are some vessels blessed with patriarchal, intellectual Captains, gentlemanly and brotherly officers, and docile144 and Christianised crews. The peculiar usages of such vessels insensibly softens145 the tyrannical rigour of the Articles of War; in them, scourging146 is unknown. To sail in such ships is hardly to realise that you live under the martial147 law, or that the evils above mentioned can anywhere exist.
And Jack Chase, old Ushant, and several more fine tars148 that might be added, sufficiently attest149, that in the Neversink at least, there was more than one noble man-of-war's-man who almost redeemed150 all the rest.
Wherever, throughout this narrative, the American Navy, in any of its bearings, has formed the theme of a general discussion, hardly one syllable151 of admiration152 for what is accounted illustrious in its achievements has been permitted to escape me. The reason is this: I consider, that so far as what is called military renown153 is concerned, the American Navy needs no eulogist but History. It were superfluous154 for White-Jacket to tell the world what it knows already. The office imposed upon me is of another cast; and, though I foresee and feel that it may subject me to the pillory155 in the hard thoughts of some men, yet, supported by what God has given me, I tranquilly156 abide157 the event, whatever it may prove.
点击
收听单词发音
收听单词发音 |
1
gallows
|
|
| n.绞刑架，绞台 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
2
wondrous
|
|
| adj.令人惊奇的，奇妙的；adv.惊人地；异乎寻常地；令人惊叹地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
3
consorting
|
|
| v.结伴( consort的现在分词 )；交往；相称；调和 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
4
gambling
|
|
| n.赌博；投机 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
5
apprentice
|
|
| n.学徒，徒弟 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
6
tornado
|
|
| n.飓风，龙卷风 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
7
iniquity
|
|
| n.邪恶；不公正 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
8
feign
|
|
| vt.假装，佯作 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
9
brute
|
|
| n.野兽，兽性 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
10
gliding
|
|
| v. 滑翔 adj. 滑动的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
11
thither
|
|
| adv.向那里；adj.在那边的，对岸的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
12
swarms
|
|
| 蜂群，一大群( swarm的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
13
tyro
|
|
| n.初学者；生手 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
14
jack
|
|
| n.插座，千斤顶，男人；v.抬起，提醒，扛举；n.（Jake）杰克 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
15
ashore
|
|
| adv.在(向)岸上，上岸 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
16
lured
|
|
| 吸引，引诱（lure的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
17
galling
|
|
| adj.难堪的,使烦恼的,使焦躁的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
18
persecuted
|
|
| （尤指宗教或政治信仰的）迫害(~sb. for sth.)( persecute的过去式和过去分词 )； 烦扰，困扰或骚扰某人 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
19
vindictive
|
|
| adj.有报仇心的，怀恨的，惩罚的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
20
lieutenant
|
|
| n.陆军中尉，海军上尉；代理官员，副职官员 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
21
repentant
|
|
| adj.对…感到悔恨的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
22
moody
|
|
| adj.心情不稳的，易怒的，喜怒无常的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
23
exhaustion
|
|
| n.耗尽枯竭，疲惫，筋疲力尽，竭尽，详尽无遗的论述 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
24
throttled
|
|
| v.扼杀( throttle的过去式和过去分词 )；勒死；使窒息；压制 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
25
vessel
|
|
| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
26
enlist
|
|
| vt.谋取(支持等)，赢得；征募；vi.入伍 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
27
tar
|
|
| n.柏油，焦油；vt.涂或浇柏油/焦油于 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
28
wharves
|
|
| n.码头，停泊处( wharf的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
29
scarcity
|
|
| n.缺乏，不足，萧条 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
30
enlisted
|
|
| adj.应募入伍的v.（使）入伍， （使）参军( enlist的过去式和过去分词 )；获得（帮助或支持） | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
31
frigate
|
|
| n.护航舰，大型驱逐舰 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
32
indirectly
|
|
| adv.间接地，不直接了当地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
33
vessels
|
|
| n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
34
hereditary
|
|
| adj.遗传的，遗传性的，可继承的，世袭的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
35
credible
|
|
| adj.可信任的，可靠的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
36
seaman
|
|
| n.海员，水手，水兵 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
37
entirely
|
|
| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
38
exempted
|
|
| 使免除[豁免]( exempt的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
39
degradation
|
|
| n.降级；低落；退化；陵削；降解；衰变 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
40
sumptuously
|
|
| 奢侈地，豪华地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
41
sleek
|
|
| adj.光滑的，井然有序的；v.使光滑，梳拢 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
42
hilarious
|
|
| adj.充满笑声的，欢闹的；[反]depressed | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
43
seamen
|
|
| n.海员 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
44
outright
|
|
| adv.坦率地；彻底地；立即；adj.无疑的；彻底的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
45
peculiar
|
|
| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
46
agitation
|
|
| n.搅动；搅拌；鼓动，煽动 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
47
invalids
|
|
| 病人，残疾者( invalid的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
48
scourge
|
|
| n.灾难，祸害；v.蹂躏 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
49
proprietor
|
|
| n.所有人；业主；经营者 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
50
imputed
|
|
| v.把（错误等）归咎于( impute的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
51
friendliness
|
|
| n.友谊，亲切，亲密 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
52
resentment
|
|
| n.怨愤，忿恨 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
53
Augmented
|
|
| adj.增音的 动词augment的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
54
sufficiently
|
|
| adv.足够地，充分地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
55
deplored
|
|
| v.悲叹，痛惜，强烈反对( deplore的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
56
patriotism
|
|
| n.爱国精神，爱国心，爱国主义 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
57
avowed
|
|
| adj.公开声明的，承认的v.公开声明，承认( avow的过去式和过去分词) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
58
patriotic
|
|
| adj.爱国的，有爱国心的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
59
sundering
|
|
| v.隔开，分开( sunder的现在分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
60
nurtured
|
|
| 养育( nurture的过去式和过去分词 )； 培育； 滋长； 助长 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
61
stationary
|
|
| adj.固定的，静止不动的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
62
weds
|
|
| v.嫁，娶，（与…）结婚( wed的第三人称单数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
63
maelstrom
|
|
| n.大乱动；大漩涡 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
64
dread
|
|
| vt.担忧，忧虑；惧怕，不敢；n.担忧，畏惧 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
65
obnoxiousness
|
|
| 讨厌，可恶 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
|
66
protracted
|
|
| adj.拖延的；延长的v.拖延“protract”的过去式和过去分词 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
67
confinement
|
|
| n.幽禁，拘留，监禁；分娩；限制，局限 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
68
pittance
|
|
| n.微薄的薪水，少量 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
69
contrive
|
|
| vt.谋划，策划；设法做到；设计，想出 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
70
deter
|
|
| vt.阻止，使不敢，吓住 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
71
statistical
|
|
| adj.统计的，统计学的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
72
mustering
|
|
| v.集合，召集，集结（尤指部队）( muster的现在分词 )；（自他人处）搜集某事物；聚集；激发 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
73
abolition
|
|
| n.废除，取消 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
74
appalled
|
|
| v.使惊骇，使充满恐惧( appall的过去式和过去分词)adj.惊骇的；丧胆的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
75
vices
|
|
| 缺陷( vice的名词复数 )； 恶习； 不道德行为； 台钳 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
76
berth
|
|
| n.卧铺，停泊地，锚位；v.使停泊 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
77
narrative
|
|
| n.叙述，故事；adj.叙事的，故事体的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
78
touching
|
|
| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
79
skulking
|
|
| v.潜伏，偷偷摸摸地走动，鬼鬼祟祟地活动( skulk的现在分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
80
frigates
|
|
| n.快速军舰( frigate的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
81
consul
|
|
| n.领事；执政官 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
82
outrageous
|
|
| adj.无理的，令人不能容忍的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
83
determined
|
|
| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
84
guardians
|
|
| 监护人( guardian的名词复数 )； 保护者，维护者 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
85
impelled
|
|
| v.推动、推进或敦促某人做某事( impel的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
86
motive
|
|
| n.动机，目的；adv.发动的，运动的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
87
miserable
|
|
| adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
88
perfectly
|
|
| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
89
corroborated
|
|
| v.证实，支持（某种说法、信仰、理论等）( corroborate的过去式 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
90
testimony
|
|
| n.证词；见证，证明 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
91
alluding
|
|
| 提及，暗指( allude的现在分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
92
lamented
|
|
| adj.被哀悼的，令人遗憾的v.（为…）哀悼，痛哭，悲伤( lament的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
93
naval
|
|
| adj.海军的，军舰的，船的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
94
brace
|
|
| n. 支柱,曲柄,大括号; v. 绷紧,顶住,(为困难或坏事)做准备 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
95
hoist
|
|
| n.升高，起重机，推动；v.升起，升高，举起 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
96
ponderous
|
|
| adj.沉重的，笨重的，(文章)冗长的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
97
propriety
|
|
| n.正当行为；正当；适当 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
98
rhino
|
|
| n.犀牛，钱, 现金 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
99
manly
|
|
| adj.有男子气概的；adv.男子般地，果断地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
100
remarkable
|
|
| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
101
contented
|
|
| adj.满意的，安心的，知足的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
102
virtuous
|
|
| adj.有品德的，善良的，贞洁的，有效力的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
103
felons
|
|
| n.重罪犯( felon的名词复数 )；瘭疽；甲沟炎；指头脓炎 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
104
paupers
|
|
| n.穷人( pauper的名词复数 )；贫民；贫穷 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
105
pervaded
|
|
| v.遍及，弥漫( pervade的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
106
acquiescence
|
|
| n.默许；顺从 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
107
implicit
|
|
| a.暗示的，含蓄的，不明晰的，绝对的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
108
pensioner
|
|
| n.领养老金的人 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
109
iniquities
|
|
| n.邪恶( iniquity的名词复数 )；极不公正 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
110
luxurious
|
|
| adj.精美而昂贵的；豪华的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
111
repartee
|
|
| n.机敏的应答 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
112
miller
|
|
| n.磨坊主 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
113
zest
|
|
| n.乐趣；滋味，风味；兴趣 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
114
everlasting
|
|
| adj.永恒的，持久的，无止境的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
115
adolescence
|
|
| n.青春期，青少年 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
116
sentries
|
|
| 哨兵，步兵( sentry的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
117
diversified
|
|
| adj.多样化的，多种经营的v.使多样化，多样化( diversify的过去式和过去分词 )；进入新的商业领域 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
118
transmute
|
|
| vt.使变化，使改变 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
119
glandular
|
|
| adj.腺体的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
120
secretions
|
|
| n.分泌（物）( secretion的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
121
tinged
|
|
| v.（使）发丁丁声( ting的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
122
solaced
|
|
| v.安慰，慰藉( solace的过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
123
ignominious
|
|
| adj.可鄙的，不光彩的，耻辱的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
124
vows
|
|
| 誓言( vow的名词复数 )； 郑重宣布，许愿 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
125
lash
|
|
| v.系牢；鞭打；猛烈抨击；n.鞭打；眼睫毛 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
126
tune
|
|
| n.调子；和谐，协调；v.调音，调节，调整 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
127
mustered
|
|
| v.集合，召集，集结（尤指部队）( muster的过去式和过去分词 )；（自他人处）搜集某事物；聚集；激发 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
128
tipple
|
|
| n.常喝的酒；v.不断喝，饮烈酒 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
129
jig
|
|
| n.快步舞（曲）；v.上下晃动；用夹具辅助加工；蹦蹦跳跳 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
130
salute
|
|
| vi.行礼，致意，问候，放礼炮；vt.向…致意，迎接，赞扬；n.招呼，敬礼，礼炮 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
131
gale
|
|
| n.大风，强风，一阵闹声（尤指笑声等） | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
132
lashed
|
|
| adj.具睫毛的v.鞭打( lash的过去式和过去分词 )；煽动；紧系；怒斥 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
133
invincible
|
|
| adj.不可征服的，难以制服的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
134
indifference
|
|
| n.不感兴趣，不关心，冷淡，不在乎 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
135
embodies
|
|
| v.表现( embody的第三人称单数 )；象征；包括；包含 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
136
marrow
|
|
| n.骨髓；精华；活力 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
137
millers
|
|
| n.（尤指面粉厂的）厂主( miller的名词复数 )；磨房主；碾磨工；铣工 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
138
steer
|
|
| vt.驾驶，为…操舵；引导；vi.驾驶 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
139
jacks
|
|
| n.抓子游戏；千斤顶( jack的名词复数 )；（电）插孔；[电子学]插座；放弃 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
140
profess
|
|
| v.声称，冒称，以...为业，正式接受入教，表明信仰 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
141
instinctively
|
|
| adv.本能地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
142
insolence
|
|
| n.傲慢；无礼；厚颜；傲慢的态度 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
143
erect
|
|
| n./v.树立，建立，使竖立；adj.直立的，垂直的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
144
docile
|
|
| adj.驯服的，易控制的，容易教的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
145
softens
|
|
| （使）变软( soften的第三人称单数 )； 缓解打击； 缓和； 安慰 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
146
scourging
|
|
| 鞭打( scourge的现在分词 )； 惩罚，压迫 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
147
martial
|
|
| adj.战争的，军事的，尚武的，威武的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
148
tars
|
|
| 焦油，沥青，柏油( tar的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
149
attest
|
|
| vt.证明，证实；表明 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
150
redeemed
|
|
| adj. 可赎回的，可救赎的 动词redeem的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
151
syllable
|
|
| n.音节；vt.分音节 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
152
admiration
|
|
| n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
153
renown
|
|
| n.声誉，名望 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
154
superfluous
|
|
| adj.过多的，过剩的，多余的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
155
pillory
|
|
| n.嘲弄；v.使受公众嘲笑；将…示众 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
156
tranquilly
|
|
| adv. 宁静地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
157
abide
|
|
| vi.遵守；坚持；vt.忍受 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
| 欢迎访问英文小说网 |