Though of a very ingenious mechanical turn, Nippers could never get thistable to suit him. He put chips under it, blocks of various sorts, bitsof pasteboard, and at last went so far as to attempt an exquisiteadjustment by final pieces of folded blotting7 paper. But no inventionwould answer. If, for the sake of easing his back, he brought the tablelid at a sharp angle well up towards his chin, and wrote there like aman using the steep roof of a Dutch house for his desk:--then hedeclared that it stopped the circulation in his arms. If now he loweredthe table to his waistbands, and stooped over it in writing, then therewas a sore aching in his back. In short, the truth of the matter was,Nippers knew not what he wanted. Or, if he wanted any thing, it was tobe rid of a scrivener's table altogether. Among the manifestations8 ofhis diseased ambition was a fondness he had for receiving visits fromcertain ambiguous-looking fellows in seedy coats, whom he called hisclients. Indeed I was aware that not only was he, at times,considerable of a ward-politician, but he occasionally did a littlebusiness at the Justices' courts, and was not unknown on the steps ofthe Tombs. I have good reason to believe, however, that one individualwho called upon him at my chambers9, and who, with a grand air, heinsisted was his client, was no other than a dun, and the allegedtitle-deed, a bill. But with all his failings, and the annoyances10 hecaused me, Nippers, like his compatriot Turkey, was a very useful man tome; wrote a neat, swift hand; and, when he chose, was not deficient11 in agentlemanly sort of deportment. Added to this, he always dressed in agentlemanly sort of way; and so, incidentally, reflected credit upon mychambers. Whereas with respect to Turkey, I had much ado to keep himfrom being a reproach to me. His clothes were apt to look oily andsmell of eating-houses. He wore his pantaloons very loose and baggy12 insummer. His coats were execrable; his hat not to be handled. But whilethe hat was a thing of indifference13 to me, inasmuch as his naturalcivility and deference14, as a dependent Englishman, always led him todoff it the moment he entered the room, yet his coat was another matter.
Concerning his coats, I reasoned with him; but with no effect. Thetruth was, I suppose, that a man of so small an income, could not affordto sport such a lustrous15 face and a lustrous coat at one and the sametime. As Nippers once observed, Turkey's money went chiefly for redink. One winter day I presented Turkey with a highly-respectablelooking coat of my own, a padded gray coat, of a most comfortablewarmth, and which buttoned straight up from the knee to the neck. Ithought Turkey would appreciate the favor, and abate17 his rashness andobstreperousness of afternoons. But no. I verily believe thatbuttoning himself up in so downy and blanket-like a coat had apernicious effect upon him; upon the same principle that too much oatsare bad for horses. In fact, precisely18 as a rash, restive19 horse is saidto feel his oats, so Turkey felt his coat. It made him insolent20. Hewas a man whom prosperity harmed.
Though concerning the self-indulgent habits of Turkey I had my ownprivate surmises21, yet touching23 Nippers I was well persuaded thatwhatever might be his faults in other respects, he was, at least, atemperate young man. But indeed, nature herself seemed to have been hisvintner, and at his birth charged him so thoroughly24 with an irritable,brandy-like disposition25, that all subsequent potations were needless.
When I consider how, amid the stillness of my chambers, Nippers wouldsometimes impatiently rise from his seat, and stooping over his table,spread his arms wide apart, seize the whole desk, and move it, and jerkit, with a grim, grinding motion on the floor, as if the table were aperverse voluntary agent, intent on thwarting26 and vexing27 him; I plainlyperceive that for Nippers, brandy and water were altogether superfluous28.
It was fortunate for me that, owing to its peculiarcause--indigestion--the irritability and consequent nervousness ofNippers, were mainly observable in the morning, while in the afternoonhe was comparatively mild. So that Turkey's paroxysms only coming onabout twelve o'clock, I never had to do with their eccentricities30 at onetime. Their fits relieved each other like guards. When Nippers' wason, Turkey's was off; and _vice versa_. This was a good naturalarrangement under the circumstances.
Ginger31 Nut, the third on my list, was a lad some twelve years old. Hisfather was a carman, ambitious of seeing his son on the bench instead ofa cart, before he died. So he sent him to my office as student at law,errand boy, and cleaner and sweeper, at the rate of one dollar a week.
He had a little desk to himself, but he did not use it much. Uponinspection, the drawer exhibited a great array of the shells of varioussorts of nuts. Indeed, to this quick-witted youth the whole noblescience of the law was contained in a nut-shell. Not the least amongthe employments of Ginger Nut, as well as one which he discharged withthe most alacrity32, was his duty as cake and apple purveyor33 for Turkeyand Nippers. Copying law papers being proverbially dry, husky sort ofbusiness, my two scriveners were fain to moisten their mouths very oftenwith Spitzenbergs to be had at the numerous stalls nigh the CustomHouse and Post Office. Also, they sent Ginger Nut very frequently forthat peculiar29 cake--small, flat, round, and very spicy35--after which hehad been named by them. Of a cold morning when business was but dull,Turkey would gobble up scores of these cakes, as if they were merewafers--indeed they sell them at the rate of six or eight for apenny--the scrape of his pen blending with the crunching36 of the crispparticles in his mouth. Of all the fiery37 afternoon blunders andflurried rashnesses of Turkey, was his once moistening a ginger-cakebetween his lips, and clapping it on to a mortgage for a seal. I camewithin an ace16 of dismissing him then. But he mollified me by making anoriental bow, and saying--"With submission38, sir, it was generous of meto find you in stationery39 on my own account."Now my original business--that of a conveyancer and title hunter, anddrawer-up of recondite40 documents of all sorts--was considerablyincreased by receiving the master's office. There was now great workfor scriveners. Not only must I push the clerks already with me, but Imust have additional help. In answer to my advertisement, a motionlessyoung man one morning, stood upon my office threshold, the door beingopen, for it was summer. I can see that figure now--pallidly neat,pitiably respectable, incurably41 forlorn! It was Bartleby.
After a few words touching his qualifications, I engaged him, glad tohave among my corps42 of copyists a man of so singularly sedate43 an aspect,which I thought might operate beneficially upon the flighty temper ofTurkey, and the fiery one of Nippers.
I should have stated before that ground glass folding-doors divided mypremises into two parts, one of which was occupied by my scriveners, theother by myself. According to my humor I threw open these doors, orclosed them. I resolved to assign Bartleby a corner by thefolding-doors, but on my side of them, so as to have this quiet manwithin easy call, in case any trifling45 thing was to be done. I placedhis desk close up to a small side-window in that part of the room, awindow which originally had afforded a lateral46 view of certain grimyback-yards and bricks, but which, owing to subsequent erections,commanded at present no view at all, though it gave some light. Withinthree feet of the panes47 was a wall, and the light came down from farabove, between two lofty buildings, as from a very small opening in adome. Still further to a satisfactory arrangement, I procured48 a highgreen folding screen, which might entirely49 isolate50 Bartleby from mysight, though not remove him from my voice. And thus, in a manner,privacy and society were conjoined.
At first Bartleby did an extraordinary quantity of writing. As if longfamishing for something to copy, he seemed to gorge51 himself on mydocuments. There was no pause for digestion1. He ran a day and nightline, copying by sun-light and by candle-light. I should have beenquite delighted with his application, had he been cheerfullyindustrious. But he wrote on silently, palely, mechanically.
It is, of course, an indispensable part of a scrivener's business toverify the accuracy of his copy, word by word. Where there are two ormore scriveners in an office, they assist each other in thisexamination, one reading from the copy, the other holding the original.
It is a very dull, wearisome, and lethargic53 affair. I can readilyimagine that to some sanguine54 temperaments55 it would be altogetherintolerable. For example, I cannot credit that the mettlesome56 poetByron would have contentedly57 sat down with Bartleby to examine a lawdocument of, say five hundred pages, closely written in a crimpy hand.
Now and then, in the haste of business, it had been my habit to assistin comparing some brief document myself, calling Turkey or Nippers forthis purpose. One object I had in placing Bartleby so handy to mebehind the screen, was to avail myself of his services on such trivialoccasions. It was on the third day, I think, of his being with me, andbefore any necessity had arisen for having his own writing examined,that, being much hurried to complete a small affair I had in hand, Iabruptly called to Bartleby. In my haste and natural expectancy58 ofinstant compliance59, I sat with my head bent60 over the original on mydesk, and my right hand sideways, and somewhat nervously61 extended withthe copy, so that immediately upon emerging from his retreat, Bartlebymight snatch it and proceed to business without the least delay.
In this very attitude did I sit when I called to him, rapidly statingwhat it was I wanted him to do--namely, to examine a small paper withme. Imagine my surprise, nay62, my consternation63, when without movingfrom his privacy, Bartleby in a singularly mild, firm voice, replied, "Iwould prefer not to."I sat awhile in perfect silence, rallying my stunned64 faculties65.
Immediately it occurred to me that my ears had deceived me, or Bartlebyhad entirely misunderstood my meaning. I repeated my request in theclearest tone I could assume. But in quite as clear a one came theprevious reply, "I would prefer not to.""Prefer not to," echoed I, rising in high excitement, and crossing theroom with a stride. "What do you mean? Are you moon-struck? I wantyou to help me compare this sheet here--take it," and I thrust ittowards him.
"I would prefer not to," said he.
I looked at him steadfastly66. His face was leanly composed; his gray eyedimly calm. Not a wrinkle of agitation67 rippled68 him. Had there been theleast uneasiness, anger, impatience or impertinence in his manner; inother words, had there been any thing ordinarily human about him,doubtless I should have violently dismissed him from the premises44. Butas it was, I should have as soon thought of turning my paleplaster-of-paris bust69 of Cicero out of doors. I stood gazing at himawhile, as he went on with his own writing, and then reseated myself atmy desk. This is very strange, thought I. What had one best do? Butmy business hurried me. I concluded to forget the matter for thepresent, reserving it for my future leisure. So calling Nippers fromthe other room, the paper was speedily examined.
A few days after this, Bartleby concluded four lengthy70 documents, beingquadruplicates of a week's testimony71 taken before me in my High Court ofChancery. It became necessary to examine them. It was an importantsuit, and great accuracy was imperative72. Having all things arranged Icalled Turkey, Nippers and Ginger Nut from the next room, meaning toplace the four copies in the hands of my four clerks, while I shouldread from the original. Accordingly Turkey, Nippers and Ginger Nut hadtaken their seats in a row, each with his document in hand, when Icalled to Bartleby to join this interesting group.
"Bartleby! quick, I am waiting."I heard a slow scrape of his chair legs on the uncarpeted floor, andsoon he appeared standing73 at the entrance of his hermitage.
"What is wanted?" said he mildly.
"The copies, the copies," said I hurriedly. "We are going to examinethem. There"--and I held towards him the fourth quadruplicate.
"I would prefer not to," he said, and gently disappeared behind thescreen.
For a few moments I was turned into a pillar of salt, standing at thehead of my seated column of clerks. Recovering myself, I advancedtowards the screen, and demanded the reason for such extraordinaryconduct.
"_Why_ do you refuse?""I would prefer not to."With any other man I should have flown outright74 into a dreadful passion,scorned all further words, and thrust him ignominiously75 from mypresence. But there was something about Bartleby that not onlystrangely disarmed76 me, but in a wonderful manner touched anddisconcerted me. I began to reason with him.
"These are your own copies we are about to examine. It is labor77 savingto you, because one examination will answer for your four papers. It iscommon usage. Every copyist is bound to help examine his copy. Is itnot so? Will you not speak? Answer!""I prefer not to," he replied in a flute-like tone. It seemed to methat while I had been addressing him, he carefully revolved78 everystatement that I made; fully52 comprehended the meaning; could not gainsaythe irresistible79 conclusions; but, at the same time, some paramountconsideration prevailed with him to reply as he did.
"You are decided80, then, not to comply with my request--a request madeaccording to common usage and common sense?"He briefly81 gave me to understand that on that point my judgment82 wassound. Yes: his decision was irreversible.
It is not seldom the case that when a man is browbeaten83 in someunprecedented and violently unreasonable84 way, he begins to stagger inhis own plainest faith. He begins, as it were, vaguely85 to surmise22 that,wonderful as it may be, all the justice and all the reason is on theother side. Accordingly, if any disinterested86 persons are present, heturns to them for some reinforcement for his own faltering87 mind.
"Turkey," said I, "what do you think of this? Am I not right?""With submission, sir," said Turkey, with his blandest88 tone, "I thinkthat you are.""Nippers," said I, "what do _you_ think of it?""I think I should kick him out of the office."(The reader of nice perceptions will here perceive that, it beingmorning, Turkey's answer is couched in polite and tranquil89 terms, butNippers replies in ill-tempered ones. Or, to repeat a previoussentence, Nippers' ugly mood was on duty and Turkey's off.)"Ginger Nut," said I, willing to enlist90 the smallest suffrage91 in mybehalf, "what do you think of it?""I think, sir, he's a little _luny_," replied Ginger Nut with a grin.
"You hear what they say," said I, turning towards the screen, "comeforth and do your duty."But he vouchsafed92 no reply. I pondered a moment in sore perplexity.
But once more business hurried me. I determined93 again to postpone94 theconsideration of this dilemma95 to my future leisure. With a littletrouble we made out to examine the papers without Bartleby, though atevery page or two, Turkey deferentially96 dropped his opinion that thisproceeding was quite out of the common; while Nippers, twitching97 in hischair with a dyspeptic nervousness, ground out between his set teethoccasional hissing98 maledictions against the stubborn oaf behind thescreen. And for his (Nippers') part, this was the first and the lasttime he would do another man's business without pay.
Meanwhile Bartleby sat in his hermitage, oblivious99 to every thing buthis own peculiar business there.
Some days passed, the scrivener being employed upon another lengthywork. His late remarkable100 conduct led me to regard his ways narrowly.
I observed that he never went to dinner; indeed that he never went anywhere. As yet I had never of my personal knowledge known him to beoutside of my office. He was a perpetual sentry101 in the corner. Atabout eleven o'clock though, in the morning, I noticed that Ginger Nutwould advance toward the opening in Bartleby's screen, as if silentlybeckoned thither102 by a gesture invisible to me where I sat. The boywould then leave the office jingling103 a few pence, and reappear with ahandful of ginger-nuts which he delivered in the hermitage, receivingtwo of the cakes for his trouble.
He lives, then, on ginger-nuts, thought I; never eats a dinner, properlyspeaking; he must be a vegetarian104 then; but no; he never eats evenvegetables, he eats nothing but ginger-nuts. My mind then ran on inreveries concerning the probable effects upon the human constitution ofliving entirely on ginger-nuts. Ginger-nuts are so called because theycontain ginger as one of their peculiar constituents105, and the finalflavoring one. Now what was ginger? A hot, spicy thing. Was Bartlebyhot and spicy? Not at all. Ginger, then, had no effect upon Bartleby.
Probably he preferred it should have none.
Nothing so aggravates106 an earnest person as a passive resistance. If theindividual so resisted be of a not inhumane temper, and the resistingone perfectly107 harmless in his passivity; then, in the better moods ofthe former, he will endeavor charitably to construe108 to his imaginationwhat proves impossible to be solved by his judgment. Even so, for themost part, I regarded Bartleby and his ways. Poor fellow! thought I, hemeans no mischief109; it is plain he intends no insolence110; his aspectsufficiently evinces that his eccentricities are involuntary. He isuseful to me. I can get along with him. If I turn him away, thechances are he will fall in with some less indulgent employer, and thenhe will be rudely treated, and perhaps driven forth34 miserably111 to starve.
Yes. Here I can cheaply purchase a delicious self-approval. Tobefriend Bartleby; to humor him in his strange willfulness, will cost melittle or nothing, while I lay up in my soul what will eventually provea sweet morsel112 for my conscience. But this mood was not invariable withme. The passiveness of Bartleby sometimes irritated me. I feltstrangely goaded113 on to encounter him in new opposition114, to elicit115 someangry spark from him answerable to my own. But indeed I might as wellhave essayed to strike fire with my knuckles116 against a bit of Windsorsoap. But one afternoon the evil impulse in me mastered me, and thefollowing little scene ensued:
"Bartleby," said I, "when those papers are all copied, I will comparethem with you.""I would prefer not to.""How? Surely you do not mean to persist in that mulish vagary117?"No answer.
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1
digestion
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| n.消化，吸收 | |
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impatience
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| n.不耐烦，急躁 | |
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mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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usurpation
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| n.篡位；霸占 | |
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betokened
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| v.预示，表示( betoken的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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irritability
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| n.易怒 | |
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blotting
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| 吸墨水纸 | |
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manifestations
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| n.表示，显示（manifestation的复数形式） | |
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chambers
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| n.房间( chamber的名词复数 )；（议会的）议院；卧室；会议厅 | |
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annoyances
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| n.恼怒( annoyance的名词复数 )；烦恼；打扰；使人烦恼的事 | |
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deficient
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| adj.不足的，不充份的，有缺陷的 | |
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baggy
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| adj.膨胀如袋的，宽松下垂的 | |
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indifference
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| n.不感兴趣，不关心，冷淡，不在乎 | |
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deference
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| n.尊重，顺从；敬意 | |
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lustrous
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| adj.有光泽的；光辉的 | |
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ace
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| n.A牌；发球得分；佼佼者；adj.杰出的 | |
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abate
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| vi.(风势，疼痛等)减弱，减轻，减退 | |
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precisely
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| adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地 | |
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restive
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| adj.不安宁的，不安静的 | |
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insolent
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| adj.傲慢的，无理的 | |
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surmises
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surmise
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| v./n.猜想，推测 | |
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touching
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| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
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thoroughly
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disposition
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| n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署 | |
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thwarting
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vexing
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| adj.使人烦恼的，使人恼火的v.使烦恼( vex的现在分词 )；使苦恼；使生气；详细讨论 | |
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superfluous
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peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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eccentricities
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| n.古怪行为( eccentricity的名词复数 )；反常；怪癖 | |
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ginger
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| n.姜，精力，淡赤黄色；adj.淡赤黄色的；vt.使活泼，使有生气 | |
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alacrity
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| n.敏捷，轻快，乐意 | |
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purveyor
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| n.承办商，伙食承办商 | |
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forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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spicy
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| adj.加香料的；辛辣的，有风味的 | |
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crunching
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| v.嘎吱嘎吱地咬嚼( crunch的现在分词 )；嘎吱作响；（快速大量地）处理信息；数字捣弄 | |
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fiery
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| adj.燃烧着的，火红的；暴躁的；激烈的 | |
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submission
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| n.服从，投降；温顺，谦虚；提出 | |
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stationery
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| n.文具；(配套的)信笺信封 | |
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recondite
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| adj.深奥的，难解的 | |
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incurably
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| ad.治不好地 | |
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corps
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| n.(通信等兵种的)部队；(同类作的)一组 | |
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sedate
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| adj.沉着的，镇静的，安静的 | |
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premises
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| n.建筑物，房屋 | |
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trifling
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| adj.微不足道的；没什么价值的 | |
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lateral
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| adj.侧面的，旁边的 | |
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panes
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| 窗玻璃( pane的名词复数 ) | |
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procured
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| v.（努力）取得， （设法）获得( procure的过去式和过去分词 )；拉皮条 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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isolate
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| vt.使孤立，隔离 | |
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gorge
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| n.咽喉，胃，暴食，山峡；v.塞饱，狼吞虎咽地吃 | |
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fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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lethargic
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| adj.昏睡的，懒洋洋的 | |
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sanguine
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| adj.充满希望的，乐观的，血红色的 | |
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temperaments
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| 性格( temperament的名词复数 )； （人或动物的）气质； 易冲动； （性情）暴躁 | |
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mettlesome
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| adj.（通常指马等）精力充沛的，勇猛的 | |
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contentedly
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| adv.心满意足地 | |
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expectancy
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| n.期望，预期，（根据概率统计求得）预期数额 | |
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compliance
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| n.顺从；服从；附和；屈从 | |
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bent
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| n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的 | |
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nervously
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| adv.神情激动地，不安地 | |
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62
nay
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| adv.不；n.反对票，投反对票者 | |
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consternation
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| n.大为吃惊，惊骇 | |
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stunned
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| adj. 震惊的，惊讶的 动词stun的过去式和过去分词 | |
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faculties
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| n.能力( faculty的名词复数 )；全体教职员；技巧；院 | |
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steadfastly
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| adv.踏实地，不变地；岿然；坚定不渝 | |
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agitation
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| n.搅动；搅拌；鼓动，煽动 | |
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rippled
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| 使泛起涟漪（ripple的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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bust
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| vt.打破；vi.爆裂；n.半身像；胸部 | |
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lengthy
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| adj.漫长的，冗长的 | |
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testimony
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| n.证词；见证，证明 | |
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72
imperative
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| n.命令，需要；规则；祈使语气；adj.强制的；紧急的 | |
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standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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outright
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| adv.坦率地；彻底地；立即；adj.无疑的；彻底的 | |
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ignominiously
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| adv.耻辱地，屈辱地，丢脸地 | |
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disarmed
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| v.裁军( disarm的过去式和过去分词 )；使息怒 | |
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labor
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| n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦 | |
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revolved
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| v.（使）旋转( revolve的过去式和过去分词 )；细想 | |
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irresistible
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| adj.非常诱人的，无法拒绝的，无法抗拒的 | |
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decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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briefly
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| adv.简单地，简短地 | |
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judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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83
browbeaten
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| v.（以言辞或表情）威逼，恫吓( browbeat的过去分词 ) | |
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unreasonable
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| adj.不讲道理的，不合情理的，过度的 | |
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85
vaguely
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| adv.含糊地，暖昧地 | |
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disinterested
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| adj.不关心的，不感兴趣的 | |
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faltering
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| 犹豫的，支吾的，蹒跚的 | |
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blandest
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| adj.（食物）淡而无味的( bland的最高级 )；平和的；温和的；无动于衷的 | |
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tranquil
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| adj. 安静的, 宁静的, 稳定的, 不变的 | |
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enlist
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| vt.谋取(支持等)，赢得；征募；vi.入伍 | |
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suffrage
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| n.投票，选举权，参政权 | |
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vouchsafed
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| v.给予，赐予( vouchsafe的过去式和过去分词 )；允诺 | |
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determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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postpone
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| v.延期，推迟 | |
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dilemma
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| n.困境，进退两难的局面 | |
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deferentially
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| adv.表示敬意地，谦恭地 | |
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twitching
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| n.颤搐 | |
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hissing
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| n. 发嘶嘶声, 蔑视 动词hiss的现在分词形式 | |
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oblivious
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| adj.易忘的，遗忘的，忘却的，健忘的 | |
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remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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101
sentry
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| n.哨兵，警卫 | |
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102
thither
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| adv.向那里；adj.在那边的，对岸的 | |
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103
jingling
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| 叮当声 | |
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104
vegetarian
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| n.素食者；adj.素食的 | |
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105
constituents
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| n.选民( constituent的名词复数 )；成分；构成部分；要素 | |
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106
aggravates
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| 使恶化( aggravate的第三人称单数 )； 使更严重； 激怒； 使恼火 | |
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107
perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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108
construe
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| v.翻译，解释 | |
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109
mischief
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| n.损害，伤害，危害；恶作剧，捣蛋，胡闹 | |
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insolence
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| n.傲慢；无礼；厚颜；傲慢的态度 | |
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111
miserably
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| adv.痛苦地；悲惨地；糟糕地；极度地 | |
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112
morsel
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| n.一口，一点点 | |
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113
goaded
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| v.刺激( goad的过去式和过去分词 )；激励；（用尖棒）驱赶；驱使（或怂恿、刺激）某人 | |
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114
opposition
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| n.反对，敌对 | |
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115
elicit
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| v.引出,抽出,引起 | |
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116
knuckles
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| n.（指人）指关节( knuckle的名词复数 )；（指动物）膝关节，踝v.（指人）指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 )；（指动物）膝关节，踝 | |
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117
vagary
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| n.妄想，不可测之事，异想天开 | |
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