About dark a sallow-faced fellow descended11 the hill on horseback, and splashing through the pool rode up to the tents. He was enveloped13 in a huge cloak, and his broad felt hat was weeping about his ears with the drizzling14 moisture of the evening. Another followed, a stout15, square-built, intelligent-looking man, who announced himself as leader of an emigrant5 party encamped a mile in advance of us. About twenty wagons16, he said, were with him; the rest of his party were on the other side of the Big Blue, waiting for a woman who was in the pains of child-birth, and quarreling meanwhile among themselves.
These were the first emigrants that we had overtaken, although we had found abundant and melancholy18 traces of their progress throughout the whole course of the journey. Sometimes we passed the grave of one who had sickened and died on the way. The earth was usually torn up, and covered thickly with wolf-tracks. Some had escaped this violation19. One morning a piece of plank20, standing22 upright on the summit of a grassy23 hill, attracted our notice, and riding up to it we found the following words very roughly traced upon it, apparently24 by a red-hot piece of iron:
MARY ELLIS DIED MAY 7TH, 1845.
Such tokens were of common occurrence, nothing could speak more for the hardihood, or rather infatuation, of the adventurers, or the sufferings that await them upon the journey.
We were late in breaking up our camp on the following morning, and scarcely had we ridden a mile when we saw, far in advance of us, drawn26 against the horizon, a line of objects stretching at regular intervals27 along the level edge of the prairie. An intervening swell soon hid them from sight, until, ascending28 it a quarter of an hour after, we saw close before us the emigrant caravan29, with its heavy white wagons creeping on in their slow procession, and a large drove of cattle following behind. Half a dozen yellow-visaged Missourians, mounted on horseback, were cursing and shouting among them; their lank21 angular proportions enveloped in brown homespun, evidently cut and adjusted by the hands of a domestic female tailor. As we approached, they greeted us with the polished salutation: “How are ye, boys? Are ye for Oregon or California?”
As we pushed rapidly past the wagons, children’s faces were thrust out from the white coverings to look at us; while the care-worn, thin-featured matron, or the buxom31 girl, seated in front, suspended the knitting on which most of them were engaged to stare at us with wondering curiosity. By the side of each wagon17 stalked the proprietor32, urging on his patient oxen, who shouldered heavily along, inch by inch, on their interminable journey. It was easy to see that fear and dissension prevailed among them; some of the men—but these, with one exception, were bachelors—looked wistfully upon us as we rode lightly and swiftly past, and then impatiently at their own lumbering33 wagons and heavy-gaited oxen. Others were unwilling34 to advance at all until the party they had left behind should have rejoined them. Many were murmuring against the leader they had chosen, and wished to depose35 him; and this discontent was fermented36 by some ambitious spirits, who had hopes of succeeding in his place. The women were divided between regrets for the homes they had left and apprehension37 of the deserts and the savages38 before them.
We soon left them far behind, and fondly hoped that we had taken a final leave; but unluckily our companions’ wagon stuck so long in a deep muddy ditch that, before it was extricated39, the van of the emigrant caravan appeared again, descending40 a ridge41 close at hand. Wagon after wagon plunged42 through the mud; and as it was nearly noon, and the place promised shade and water, we saw with much gratification that they were resolved to encamp. Soon the wagons were wheeled into a circle; the cattle were grazing over the meadow, and the men with sour, sullen43 faces, were looking about for wood and water. They seemed to meet with but indifferent success. As we left the ground, I saw a tall slouching fellow with the nasal accent of “down east,” contemplating44 the contents of his tin cup, which he had just filled with water.
“Look here, you,” he said; “it’s chock full of animals!”
The cup, as he held it out, exhibited in fact an extraordinary variety and profusion45 of animal and vegetable life.
Riding up the little hill and looking back on the meadow, we could easily see that all was not right in the camp of the emigrants. The men were crowded together, and an angry discussion seemed to be going forward. R. was missing from his wonted place in the line, and the captain told us that he had remained behind to get his horse shod by a blacksmith who was attached to the emigrant party. Something whispered in our ears that mischief46 was on foot; we kept on, however, and coming soon to a stream of tolerable water, we stopped to rest and dine. Still the absentee lingered behind. At last, at the distance of a mile, he and his horse suddenly appeared, sharply defined against the sky on the summit of a hill; and close behind, a huge white object rose slowly into view.
“What is that blockhead bringing with him now?”
A moment dispelled47 the mystery. Slowly and solemnly one behind the other, four long trains of oxen and four emigrant wagons rolled over the crest48 of the declivity49 and gravely descended, while R. rode in state in the van. It seems that, during the process of shoeing the horse, the smothered50 dissensions among the emigrants suddenly broke into open rupture51. Some insisted on pushing forward, some on remaining where they were, and some on going back. Kearsley, their captain, threw up his command in disgust. “And now, boys,” said he, “if any of you are for going ahead, just you come along with me.”
Four wagons, with ten men, one woman, and one small child, made up the force of the “go-ahead” faction52, and R., with his usual proclivity53 toward mischief, invited them to join our party. Fear of the Indians—for I can conceive of no other motive—must have induced him to court so burdensome an alliance. As may well be conceived, these repeated instances of high-handed dealing54 sufficiently55 exasperated56 us. In this case, indeed, the men who joined us were all that could be desired; rude indeed in manner, but frank, manly57, and intelligent. To tell them we could not travel with them was of course out of the question. I merely reminded Kearsley that if his oxen could not keep up with our mules58 he must expect to be left behind, as we could not consent to be further delayed on the journey; but he immediately replied, that his oxen “SHOULD keep up; and if they couldn’t, why he allowed that he’d find out how to make ‘em!” Having availed myself of what satisfaction could be derived59 from giving R. to understand my opinion of his conduct, I returned to our side of the camp.
On the next day, as it chanced, our English companions broke the axle-tree of their wagon, and down came the whole cumbrous machine lumbering into the bed of a brook60! Here was a day’s work cut out for us. Meanwhile, our emigrant associates kept on their way, and so vigorously did they urge forward their powerful oxen that, with the broken axle-tree and other calamities61, it was full a week before we overtook them; when at length we discovered them, one afternoon, crawling quietly along the sandy brink62 of the Platte. But meanwhile various incidents occurred to ourselves.
It was probable that at this stage of our journey the Pawnees would attempt to rob us. We began therefore to stand guard in turn, dividing the night into three watches, and appointing two men for each. Delorier and I held guard together. We did not march with military precision to and fro before the tents; our discipline was by no means so stringent63 and rigid64. We wrapped ourselves in our blankets, and sat down by the fire; and Delorier, combining his culinary functions with his duties as sentinel, employed himself in boiling the head of an antelope65 for our morning’s repast. Yet we were models of vigilance in comparison with some of the party; for the ordinary practice of the guard was to establish himself in the most comfortable posture66 he could; lay his rifle on the ground, and enveloping67 his nose in the blanket, meditate68 on his mistress, or whatever subject best pleased him. This is all well enough when among Indians who do not habitually69 proceed further in their hostility70 than robbing travelers of their horses and mules, though, indeed, a Pawnee’s forebearance is not always to be trusted; but in certain regions farther to the west, the guard must beware how he exposes his person to the light of the fire, lest perchance some keen-eyed skulking71 marksman should let fly a bullet or an arrow from amid the darkness.
Among various tales that circulated around our camp fire was a rather curious one, told by Boisverd, and not inappropriate here. Boisverd was trapping with several companions on the skirts of the Blackfoot country. The man on guard, well knowing that it behooved72 him to put forth73 his utmost precaution, kept aloof74 from the firelight, and sat watching intently on all sides. At length he was aware of a dark, crouching75 figure, stealing noiselessly into the circle of the light. He hastily cocked his rifle, but the sharp click of the lock caught the ear of Blackfoot, whose senses were all on the alert. Raising his arrow, already fitted to the string, he shot in the direction of the sound. So sure was his aim that he drove it through the throat of the unfortunate guard, and then, with a loud yell, bounded from the camp.
As I looked at the partner of my watch, puffing76 and blowing over his fire, it occurred to me that he might not prove the most efficient auxiliary77 in time of trouble.
“Delorier,” said I, “would you run away if the Pawnees should fire at us?”
“Ah! oui, oui, monsieur!” he replied very decisively.
I did not doubt the fact, but was a little surprised at the frankness of the confession78.
At this instant a most whimsical variety of voices—barks, howls, yelps79, and whines—all mingled80 as it were together, sounded from the prairie, not far off, as if a whole conclave81 of wolves of every age and sex were assembled there. Delorier looked up from his work with a laugh, and began to imitate this curious medley82 of sounds with a most ludicrous accuracy. At this they were repeated with redoubled emphasis, the musician being apparently indignant at the successful efforts of a rival. They all proceeded from the throat of one little wolf, not larger than a spaniel, seated by himself at some distance. He was of the species called the prairie wolf; a grim-visaged, but harmless little brute83, whose worst propensity84 is creeping among horses and gnawing85 the ropes of raw hide by which they are picketed86 around the camp. But other beasts roam the prairies, far more formidable in aspect and in character. These are the large white and gray wolves, whose deep howl we heard at intervals from far and near.
At last I fell into a doze30, and, awakening87 from it, found Delorier fast asleep. Scandalized by this breach88 of discipline, I was about to stimulate89 his vigilance by stirring him with the stock of my rifle; but compassion90 prevailing91, I determined92 to let him sleep awhile, and then to arouse him, and administer a suitable reproof93 for such a forgetfulness of duty. Now and then I walked the rounds among the silent horses, to see that all was right. The night was chill, damp, and dark, the dank grass bending under the icy dewdrops. At the distance of a rod or two the tents were invisible, and nothing could be seen but the obscure figures of the horses, deeply breathing, and restlessly starting as they slept, or still slowly champing the grass. Far off, beyond the black outline of the prairie, there was a ruddy light, gradually increasing, like the glow of a conflagration94; until at length the broad disk of the moon, blood-red, and vastly magnified by the vapors95, rose slowly upon the darkness, flecked by one or two little clouds, and as the light poured over the gloomy plain, a fierce and stern howl, close at hand, seemed to greet it as an unwelcome intruder. There was something impressive and awful in the place and the hour; for I and the beasts were all that had consciousness for many a league around.
Some days elapsed, and brought us near the Platte. Two men on horseback approached us one morning, and we watched them with the curiosity and interest that, upon the solitude96 of the plains, such an encounter always excites. They were evidently whites, from their mode of riding, though, contrary to the usage of that region, neither of them carried a rifle.
“Fools!” remarked Henry Chatillon, “to ride that way on the prairie; Pawnee find them—then they catch it!”
Pawnee HAD found them, and they had come very near “catching it”; indeed, nothing saved them from trouble but the approach of our party. Shaw and I knew one of them; a man named Turner, whom we had seen at Westport. He and his companion belonged to an emigrant party encamped a few miles in advance, and had returned to look for some stray oxen, leaving their rifles, with characteristic rashness or ignorance behind them. Their neglect had nearly cost them dear; for just before we came up, half a dozen Indians approached, and seeing them apparently defenseless, one of the rascals97 seized the bridle98 of Turner’s fine horse, and ordered him to dismount. Turner was wholly unarmed; but the other jerked a little revolving99 pistol out of his pocket, at which the Pawnee recoiled100; and just then some of our men appearing in the distance, the whole party whipped their rugged101 little horses, and made off. In no way daunted102, Turner foolishly persisted in going forward.
Long after leaving him, and late this afternoon, in the midst of a gloomy and barren prairie, we came suddenly upon the great Pawnee trail, leading from their villages on the Platte to their war and hunting grounds to the southward. Here every summer pass the motley concourse; thousands of savages, men, women, and children, horses and mules, laden103 with their weapons and implements104, and an innumerable multitude of unruly wolfish dogs, who have not acquired the civilized105 accomplishment106 of barking, but howl like their wild cousins of the prairie.
The permanent winter villages of the Pawnees stand on the lower Platte, but throughout the summer the greater part of the inhabitants are wandering over the plains, a treacherous107 cowardly banditti, who by a thousand acts of pillage108 and murder have deserved summary chastisement109 at the hands of government. Last year a Dakota warrior110 performed a signal exploit at one of these villages. He approached it alone in the middle of a dark night, and clambering up the outside of one of the lodges111 which are in the form of a half-sphere, he looked in at the round hole made at the top for the escape of smoke. The dusky light from the smoldering113 embers showed him the forms of the sleeping inmates114; and dropping lightly through the opening, he unsheathed his knife, and stirring the fire coolly selected his victims. One by one he stabbed and scalped them, when a child suddenly awoke and screamed. He rushed from the lodge112, yelled a Sioux war-cry, shouted his name in triumph and defiance115, and in a moment had darted116 out upon the dark prairie, leaving the whole village behind him in a tumult117, with the howling and baying of dogs, the screams of women and the yells of the enraged118 warriors119.
Our friend Kearsley, as we learned on rejoining him, signalized himself by a less bloody120 achievement. He and his men were good woodsmen, and well skilled in the use of the rifle, but found themselves wholly out of their element on the prairie. None of them had ever seen a buffalo121 and they had very vague conceptions of his nature and appearance. On the day after they reached the Platte, looking toward a distant swell, they beheld122 a multitude of little black specks123 in motion upon its surface.
“Take your rifles, boys,” said Kearslcy, “and we’ll have fresh meat for supper.” This inducement was quite sufficient. The ten men left their wagons and set out in hot haste, some on horseback and some on foot, in pursuit of the supposed buffalo. Meanwhile a high grassy ridge shut the game from view; but mounting it after half an hour’s running and riding, they found themselves suddenly confronted by about thirty mounted Pawnees! The amazement124 and consternation125 were mutual126. Having nothing but their bows and arrows, the Indians thought their hour was come, and the fate that they were no doubt conscious of richly deserving about to overtake them. So they began, one and all, to shout forth the most cordial salutations of friendship, running up with extreme earnestness to shake hands with the Missourians, who were as much rejoiced as they were to escape the expected conflict.
A low undulating line of sand-hills bounded the horizon before us. That day we rode ten consecutive127 hours, and it was dusk before we entered the hollows and gorges129 of these gloomy little hills. At length we gained the summit, and the long expected valley of the Platte lay before us. We all drew rein130, and, gathering131 in a knot on the crest of the hill, sat joyfully132 looking down upon the prospect133. It was right welcome; strange too, and striking to the imagination, and yet it had not one picturesque134 or beautiful feature; nor had it any of the features of grandeur135, other than its vast extent, its solitude, and its wilderness136. For league after league a plain as level as a frozen lake was outspread beneath us; here and there the Platte, divided into a dozen threadlike sluices137, was traversing it, and an occasional clump138 of wood, rising in the midst like a shadowy island, relieved the monotony of the waste. No living thing was moving throughout the vast landscape, except the lizards139 that darted over the sand and through the rank grass and prickly-pear just at our feet. And yet stern and wild associations gave a singular interest to the view; for here each man lives by the strength of his arm and the valor140 of his heart. Here society is reduced to its original elements, the whole fabric141 of art and conventionality is struck rudely to pieces, and men find themselves suddenly brought back to the wants and resources of their original natures.
We had passed the more toilsome and monotonous142 part of the journey; but four hundred miles still intervened between us and Fort Laramie; and to reach that point cost us the travel of three additional weeks. During the whole of this time we were passing up the center of a long narrow sandy plain, reaching like an outstretched belt nearly to the Rocky Mountains. Two lines of sand-hills, broken often into the wildest and most fantastic forms, flanked the valley at the distance of a mile or two on the right and left; while beyond them lay a barren, trackless waste—The Great American Desert—extending for hundreds of miles to the Arkansas on the one side, and the Missouri on the other. Before us and behind us, the level monotony of the plain was unbroken as far as the eye could reach. Sometimes it glared in the sun, an expanse of hot, bare sand; sometimes it was veiled by long coarse grass. Huge skulls143 and whitening bones of buffalo were scattered144 everywhere; the ground was tracked by myriads145 of them, and often covered with the circular indentations where the bulls had wallowed in the hot weather. From every gorge128 and ravine, opening from the hills, descended deep, well-worn paths, where the buffalo issue twice a day in regular procession down to drink in the Platte. The river itself runs through the midst, a thin sheet of rapid, turbid146 water, half a mile wide, and scarce two feet deep. Its low banks for the most part without a bush or a tree, are of loose sand, with which the stream is so charged that it grates on the teeth in drinking. The naked landscape is, of itself, dreary147 and monotonous enough, and yet the wild beasts and wild men that frequent the valley of the Platte make it a scene of interest and excitement to the traveler. Of those who have journeyed there, scarce one, perhaps, fails to look back with fond regret to his horse and his rifle.
Early in the morning after we reached the Platte, a long procession of squalid savages approached our camp. Each was on foot, leading his horse by a rope of bull-hide. His attire148 consisted merely of a scanty149 cincture and an old buffalo robe, tattered150 and begrimed by use, which hung over his shoulders. His head was close shaven, except a ridge of hair reaching over the crown from the center of the forehead, very much like the long bristles151 on the back of a hyena152, and he carried his bow and arrows in his hand, while his meager153 little horse was laden with dried buffalo meat, the produce of his hunting. Such were the first specimens154 that we met—and very indifferent ones they were—of the genuine savages of the prairie.
They were the Pawnees whom Kearsley had encountered the day before, and belonged to a large hunting party known to be ranging the prairie in the vicinity. They strode rapidly past, within a furlong of our tents, not pausing or looking toward us, after the manner of Indians when meditating155 mischief or conscious of ill-desert. I went out and met them; and had an amicable156 conference with the chief, presenting him with half a pound of tobacco, at which unmerited bounty157 he expressed much gratification. These fellows, or some of their companions had committed a dastardly outrage158 upon an emigrant party in advance of us. Two men, out on horseback at a distance, were seized by them, but lashing12 their horses, they broke loose and fled. At this the Pawnees raised the yell and shot at them, transfixing the hindermost through the back with several arrows, while his companion galloped159 away and brought in the news to his party. The panic-stricken emigrants remained for several days in camp, not daring even to send out in quest of the dead body.
The reader will recollect160 Turner, the man whose narrow escape was mentioned not long since. We heard that the men, whom the entreaties161 of his wife induced to go in search of him, found him leisurely162 driving along his recovered oxen, and whistling in utter contempt of the Pawnee nation. His party was encamped within two miles of us; but we passed them that morning, while the men were driving in the oxen, and the women packing their domestic utensils163 and their numerous offspring in the spacious164 patriarchal wagons. As we looked back we saw their caravan dragging its slow length along the plain; wearily toiling165 on its way, to found new empires in the West.
Our New England climate is mild and equable compared with that of the Platte. This very morning, for instance, was close and sultry, the sun rising with a faint oppressive heat; when suddenly darkness gathered in the west, and a furious blast of sleet166 and hail drove full in our faces, icy cold, and urged with such demoniac vehemence167 that it felt like a storm of needles. It was curious to see the horses; they faced about in extreme displeasure, holding their tails like whipped dogs, and shivering as the angry gusts168, howling louder than a concert of wolves, swept over us. Wright’s long train of mules came sweeping169 round before the storm like a flight of brown snowbirds driven by a winter tempest. Thus we all remained stationary170 for some minutes, crouching close to our horses’ necks, much too surly to speak, though once the captain looked up from between the collars of his coat, his face blood-red, and the muscles of his mouth contracted by the cold into a most ludicrous grin of agony. He grumbled171 something that sounded like a curse, directed as we believed, against the unhappy hour when he had first thought of leaving home. The thing was too good to last long; and the instant the puffs172 of wind subsided173 we erected174 our tents, and remained in camp for the rest of a gloomy and lowering day. The emigrants also encamped near at hand. We, being first on the ground, had appropriated all the wood within reach; so that our fire alone blazed cheerfully. Around it soon gathered a group of uncouth175 figures, shivering in the drizzling rain. Conspicuous176 among them were two or three of the half-savage men who spend their reckless lives in trapping among the Rocky Mountains, or in trading for the Fur Company in the Indian villages. They were all of Canadian extraction; their hard, weather-beaten faces and bushy mustaches looked out from beneath the hoods177 of their white capotes with a bad and brutish expression, as if their owner might be the willing agent of any villainy. And such in fact is the character of many of these men.
On the day following we overtook Kearsley’s wagons, and thenceforward, for a week or two, we were fellow-travelers. One good effect, at least, resulted from the alliance; it materially diminished the serious fatigue178 of standing guard; for the party being now more numerous, there were longer intervals between each man’s turns of duty.
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solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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junction
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| n.连接，接合；交叉点，接合处，枢纽站 | |
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legitimate
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| adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法 | |
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emigrants
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| n.（从本国移往他国的）移民( emigrant的名词复数 ) | |
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emigrant
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| adj.移居的，移民的；n.移居外国的人，移民 | |
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gracefully
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| ad.大大方方地；优美地 | |
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swells
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| 增强( swell的第三人称单数 )； 肿胀； （使）凸出； 充满（激情） | |
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swell
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| vi.膨胀，肿胀；增长，增强 | |
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hazy
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| adj.有薄雾的，朦胧的；不肯定的，模糊的 | |
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distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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descended
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| a.为...后裔的，出身于...的 | |
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lashing
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| n.鞭打；痛斥；大量；许多v.鞭打( lash的现在分词 )；煽动；紧系；怒斥 | |
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enveloped
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| v.包围，笼罩，包住( envelop的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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drizzling
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| 下蒙蒙细雨，下毛毛雨( drizzle的现在分词 ) | |
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wagons
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| n.四轮的运货马车( wagon的名词复数 )；铁路货车；小手推车 | |
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wagon
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| n.四轮马车，手推车，面包车；无盖运货列车 | |
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melancholy
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| n.忧郁，愁思；adj.令人感伤（沮丧）的，忧郁的 | |
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violation
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| n.违反(行为)，违背(行为)，侵犯 | |
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plank
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| n.板条，木板，政策要点，政纲条目 | |
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lank
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| adj.瘦削的；稀疏的 | |
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standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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grassy
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| adj.盖满草的；长满草的 | |
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apparently
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| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
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aged
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| adj.年老的，陈年的 | |
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drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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intervals
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| n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 )；间隔时间；[数学]区间；（戏剧、电影或音乐会的）幕间休息 | |
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ascending
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| adj.上升的，向上的 | |
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caravan
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| n.大蓬车；活动房屋 | |
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doze
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| v.打瞌睡；n.打盹，假寐 | |
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buxom
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| adj.（妇女）丰满的，有健康美的 | |
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proprietor
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| n.所有人；业主；经营者 | |
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lumbering
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| n.采伐林木 | |
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unwilling
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| adj.不情愿的 | |
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depose
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| vt.免职；宣誓作证 | |
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fermented
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| v.（使）发酵( ferment的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）激动；骚动；骚扰 | |
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apprehension
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| n.理解，领悟；逮捕，拘捕；忧虑 | |
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38
savages
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| 未开化的人，野蛮人( savage的名词复数 ) | |
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39
extricated
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| v.使摆脱困难，脱身( extricate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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40
descending
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| n. 下行 adj. 下降的 | |
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41
ridge
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| n.山脊；鼻梁；分水岭 | |
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42
plunged
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| v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降 | |
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43
sullen
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| adj.愠怒的，闷闷不乐的，(天气等)阴沉的 | |
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44
contemplating
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| 深思，细想，仔细考虑( contemplate的现在分词 )； 注视，凝视； 考虑接受（发生某事的可能性）； 深思熟虑，沉思，苦思冥想 | |
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45
profusion
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| n.挥霍；丰富 | |
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46
mischief
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| n.损害，伤害，危害；恶作剧，捣蛋，胡闹 | |
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47
dispelled
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| v.驱散，赶跑( dispel的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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48
crest
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| n.顶点；饰章；羽冠；vt.达到顶点；vi.形成浪尖 | |
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49
declivity
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| n.下坡，倾斜面 | |
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50
smothered
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| （使）窒息， （使）透不过气( smother的过去式和过去分词 )； 覆盖； 忍住； 抑制 | |
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51
rupture
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| n.破裂；(关系的)决裂；v.(使)破裂 | |
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52
faction
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| n.宗派，小集团；派别；派系斗争 | |
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53
proclivity
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| n.倾向，癖性 | |
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54
dealing
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| n.经商方法，待人态度 | |
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55
sufficiently
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| adv.足够地，充分地 | |
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56
exasperated
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| adj.恼怒的 | |
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57
manly
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| adj.有男子气概的；adv.男子般地，果断地 | |
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58
mules
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| 骡( mule的名词复数 )； 拖鞋； 顽固的人； 越境运毒者 | |
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59
derived
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| vi.起源；由来；衍生；导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取 | |
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60
brook
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| n.小河，溪；v.忍受，容让 | |
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61
calamities
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| n.灾祸，灾难( calamity的名词复数 )；不幸之事 | |
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62
brink
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| n.(悬崖、河流等的)边缘，边沿 | |
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63
stringent
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| adj.严厉的；令人信服的；银根紧的 | |
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64
rigid
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| adj.严格的，死板的；刚硬的，僵硬的 | |
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65
antelope
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| n.羚羊；羚羊皮 | |
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66
posture
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| n.姿势，姿态，心态，态度；v.作出某种姿势 | |
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67
enveloping
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| v.包围，笼罩，包住( envelop的现在分词 ) | |
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68
meditate
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| v.想，考虑，（尤指宗教上的）沉思，冥想 | |
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69
habitually
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| ad.习惯地，通常地 | |
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70
hostility
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| n.敌对，敌意；抵制［pl.］交战，战争 | |
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71
skulking
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| v.潜伏，偷偷摸摸地走动，鬼鬼祟祟地活动( skulk的现在分词 ) | |
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72
behooved
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| v.适宜( behoove的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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73
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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74
aloof
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| adj.远离的；冷淡的，漠不关心的 | |
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75
crouching
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| v.屈膝，蹲伏( crouch的现在分词 ) | |
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76
puffing
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| v.使喷出( puff的现在分词 )；喷着汽（或烟）移动；吹嘘；吹捧 | |
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77
auxiliary
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| adj.辅助的，备用的 | |
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78
confession
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| n.自白，供认，承认 | |
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79
yelps
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| n.（因痛苦、气愤、兴奋等的）短而尖的叫声( yelp的名词复数 )v.发出短而尖的叫声( yelp的第三人称单数 ) | |
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80
mingled
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| 混合，混入( mingle的过去式和过去分词 )； 混进，与…交往[联系] | |
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81
conclave
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| n.秘密会议，红衣主教团 | |
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82
medley
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| n.混合 | |
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83
brute
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| n.野兽，兽性 | |
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84
propensity
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| n.倾向；习性 | |
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85
gnawing
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| a.痛苦的，折磨人的 | |
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86
picketed
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| 用尖桩围住（picket的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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87
awakening
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| n.觉醒，醒悟 adj.觉醒中的；唤醒的 | |
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88
breach
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| n.违反，不履行；破裂；vt.冲破，攻破 | |
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89
stimulate
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| vt.刺激，使兴奋；激励，使…振奋 | |
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90
compassion
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| n.同情，怜悯 | |
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91
prevailing
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| adj.盛行的；占优势的；主要的 | |
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92
determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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93
reproof
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| n.斥责，责备 | |
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94
conflagration
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| n.建筑物或森林大火 | |
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95
vapors
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| n.水汽，水蒸气，无实质之物( vapor的名词复数 )；自夸者；幻想 [药]吸入剂 [古]忧郁（症）v.自夸，（使）蒸发( vapor的第三人称单数 ) | |
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96
solitude
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| n. 孤独; 独居,荒僻之地,幽静的地方 | |
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97
rascals
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| 流氓( rascal的名词复数 )； 无赖； （开玩笑说法）淘气的人（尤指小孩）； 恶作剧的人 | |
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98
bridle
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| n.笼头，束缚；vt.抑制，约束；动怒 | |
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99
revolving
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| adj.旋转的，轮转式的；循环的v.（使）旋转( revolve的现在分词 )；细想 | |
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100
recoiled
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| v.畏缩( recoil的过去式和过去分词 )；退缩；报应；返回 | |
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101
rugged
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| adj.高低不平的，粗糙的，粗壮的，强健的 | |
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102
daunted
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| 使（某人）气馁，威吓( daunt的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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103
laden
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| adj.装满了的；充满了的；负了重担的；苦恼的 | |
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104
implements
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| n.工具( implement的名词复数 )；家具；手段；[法律]履行（契约等）v.实现( implement的第三人称单数 )；执行；贯彻；使生效 | |
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105
civilized
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| a.有教养的，文雅的 | |
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106
accomplishment
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| n.完成，成就，（pl.）造诣，技能 | |
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107
treacherous
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| adj.不可靠的，有暗藏的危险的；adj.背叛的，背信弃义的 | |
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108
pillage
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| v.抢劫；掠夺；n.抢劫，掠夺；掠夺物 | |
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109
chastisement
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| n.惩罚 | |
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110
warrior
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| n.勇士，武士，斗士 | |
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111
lodges
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| v.存放( lodge的第三人称单数 )；暂住；埋入；（权利、权威等）归属 | |
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112
lodge
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| v.临时住宿，寄宿，寄存，容纳；n.传达室，小旅馆 | |
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113
smoldering
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| v.用文火焖烧，熏烧，慢燃( smolder的现在分词 ) | |
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114
inmates
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| n.囚犯( inmate的名词复数 ) | |
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115
defiance
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| n.挑战，挑衅，蔑视，违抗 | |
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116
darted
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| v.投掷，投射( dart的过去式和过去分词 )；向前冲，飞奔 | |
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117
tumult
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| n.喧哗；激动，混乱；吵闹 | |
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118
enraged
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| 使暴怒( enrage的过去式和过去分词 )； 歜； 激愤 | |
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119
warriors
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| 武士，勇士，战士( warrior的名词复数 ) | |
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120
bloody
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| adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染 | |
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121
buffalo
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| n.(北美)野牛；(亚洲)水牛 | |
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122
beheld
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| v.看，注视( behold的过去式和过去分词 )；瞧；看呀；（叙述中用于引出某人意外的出现）哎哟 | |
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123
specks
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| n.眼镜；斑点，微粒，污点( speck的名词复数 ) | |
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124
amazement
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| n.惊奇，惊讶 | |
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125
consternation
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| n.大为吃惊，惊骇 | |
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126
mutual
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| adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的 | |
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127
consecutive
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| adj.连续的，联贯的，始终一贯的 | |
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128
gorge
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| n.咽喉，胃，暴食，山峡；v.塞饱，狼吞虎咽地吃 | |
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129
gorges
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| n.山峡，峡谷( gorge的名词复数 )；咽喉v.（用食物把自己）塞饱，填饱( gorge的第三人称单数 )；作呕 | |
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130
rein
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| n.疆绳，统治，支配；vt.以僵绳控制，统治 | |
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131
gathering
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| n.集会，聚会，聚集 | |
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132
joyfully
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| adv. 喜悦地, 高兴地 | |
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133
prospect
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| n.前景，前途；景色，视野 | |
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134
picturesque
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| adj.美丽如画的，（语言）生动的，绘声绘色的 | |
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135
grandeur
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| n.伟大，崇高，宏伟，庄严，豪华 | |
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136
wilderness
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| n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠 | |
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137
sluices
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| n.水闸( sluice的名词复数 )；（用水闸控制的）水；有闸人工水道；漂洗处v.冲洗( sluice的第三人称单数 )；（指水）喷涌而出；漂净；给…安装水闸 | |
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138
clump
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| n.树丛，草丛；vi.用沉重的脚步行走 | |
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139
lizards
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| n.蜥蜴( lizard的名词复数 ) | |
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140
valor
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| n.勇气，英勇 | |
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141
fabric
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| n.织物，织品，布；构造，结构，组织 | |
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142
monotonous
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| adj.单调的，一成不变的，使人厌倦的 | |
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143
skulls
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| 颅骨( skull的名词复数 )； 脑袋； 脑子； 脑瓜 | |
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144
scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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145
myriads
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| n.无数，极大数量( myriad的名词复数 ) | |
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146
turbid
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| adj.混浊的，泥水的，浓的 | |
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147
dreary
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| adj.令人沮丧的，沉闷的，单调乏味的 | |
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148
attire
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| v.穿衣，装扮[同]array；n.衣着；盛装 | |
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149
scanty
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| adj.缺乏的，仅有的，节省的，狭小的，不够的 | |
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150
tattered
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| adj.破旧的，衣衫破的 | |
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151
bristles
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| 短而硬的毛发，刷子毛( bristle的名词复数 ) | |
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152
hyena
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| n.土狼，鬣狗 | |
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153
meager
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| adj.缺乏的，不足的，瘦的 | |
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154
specimens
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| n.样品( specimen的名词复数 )；范例；（化验的）抽样；某种类型的人 | |
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155
meditating
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| a.沉思的，冥想的 | |
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156
amicable
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| adj.和平的，友好的；友善的 | |
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157
bounty
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| n.慷慨的赠予物，奖金；慷慨，大方；施与 | |
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158
outrage
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| n.暴行，侮辱，愤怒；vt.凌辱，激怒 | |
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159
galloped
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| （使马）飞奔，奔驰( gallop的过去式和过去分词 )； 快速做[说]某事 | |
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160
recollect
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| v.回忆，想起，记起，忆起，记得 | |
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161
entreaties
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| n.恳求，乞求( entreaty的名词复数 ) | |
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162
leisurely
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| adj.悠闲的；从容的，慢慢的 | |
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163
utensils
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| 器具，用具，器皿( utensil的名词复数 )； 器物 | |
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164
spacious
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| adj.广阔的，宽敞的 | |
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165
toiling
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| 长时间或辛苦地工作( toil的现在分词 )； 艰难缓慢地移动，跋涉 | |
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166
sleet
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| n.雨雪；v.下雨雪，下冰雹 | |
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167
vehemence
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| n.热切；激烈；愤怒 | |
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168
gusts
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| 一阵强风( gust的名词复数 )； （怒、笑等的）爆发； （感情的）迸发； 发作 | |
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169
sweeping
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| adj.范围广大的，一扫无遗的 | |
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170
stationary
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| adj.固定的，静止不动的 | |
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171
grumbled
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| 抱怨( grumble的过去式和过去分词 )； 发牢骚； 咕哝； 发哼声 | |
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172
puffs
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| n.吸( puff的名词复数 )；（烟斗或香烟的）一吸；一缕（烟、蒸汽等）；（呼吸或风的）呼v.使喷出( puff的第三人称单数 )；喷着汽（或烟）移动；吹嘘；吹捧 | |
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173
subsided
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| v.（土地）下陷（因在地下采矿）( subside的过去式和过去分词 )；减弱；下降至较低或正常水平；一下子坐在椅子等上 | |
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174
ERECTED
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| adj. 直立的，竖立的，笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立，建立 | |
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175
uncouth
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| adj.无教养的，粗鲁的 | |
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176
conspicuous
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| adj.明眼的，惹人注目的；炫耀的，摆阔气的 | |
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177
hoods
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| n.兜帽( hood的名词复数 )；头巾；（汽车、童车等的）折合式车篷；汽车发动机罩v.兜帽( hood的第三人称单数 )；头巾；（汽车、童车等的）折合式车篷；汽车发动机罩 | |
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178
fatigue
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| n.疲劳，劳累 | |
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