We were met at the gate, but by no means cordially welcomed. Indeed, we seemed objects of some distrust and suspicion until Henry Chatillon explained that we were not traders, and we, in confirmation8, handed to the bourgeois9 a letter of introduction from his principals. He took it, turned it upside down, and tried hard to read it; but his literary attainments10 not being adequate to the task, he applied11 for relief to the clerk, a sleek12, smiling Frenchman, named Montalon. The letter read, Bordeaux (the bourgeois) seemed gradually to awaken13 to a sense of what was expected of him. Though not deficient14 in hospitable15 intentions, he was wholly unaccustomed to act as master of ceremonies. Discarding all formalities of reception, he did not honor us with a single word, but walked swiftly across the area, while we followed in some admiration16 to a railing and a flight of steps opposite the entrance. He signed to us that we had better fasten our horses to the railing; then he walked up the steps, tramped along a rude balcony, and kicking open a door displayed a large room, rather more elaborately finished than a barn. For furniture it had a rough bedstead, but no bed; two chairs, a chest of drawers, a tin pail to hold water, and a board to cut tobacco upon. A brass17 crucifix hung on the wall, and close at hand a recent scalp, with hair full a yard long, was suspended from a nail. I shall again have occasion to mention this dismal18 trophy19, its history being connected with that of our subsequent proceedings20.
This apartment, the best in Fort Laramie, was that usually occupied by the legitimate22 bourgeois, Papin; in whose absence the command devolved upon Bordeaux. The latter, a stout23, bluff24 little fellow, much inflated25 by a sense of his new authority, began to roar for buffalo robes. These being brought and spread upon the floor formed our beds; much better ones than we had of late been accustomed to. Our arrangements made, we stepped out to the balcony to take a more leisurely26 survey of the long looked-for haven27 at which we had arrived at last. Beneath us was the square area surrounded by little rooms, or rather cells, which opened upon it. These were devoted28 to various purposes, but served chiefly for the accommodation of the men employed at the fort, or of the equally numerous squaws, whom they were allowed to maintain in it. Opposite to us rose the blockhouse above the gateway29; it was adorned30 with a figure which even now haunts my memory; a horse at full speed, daubed upon the boards with red paint, and exhibiting a degree of skill which might rival that displayed by the Indians in executing similar designs upon their robes and lodges32. A busy scene was enacting33 in the area. The wagons34 of Vaskiss, an old trader, were about to set out for a remote post in the mountains, and the Canadians were going through their preparations with all possible bustle36, while here and there an Indian stood looking on with imperturbable37 gravity.
Fort Laramie is one of the posts established by the American Fur Company, who well-nigh monopolize38 the Indian trade of this whole region. Here their officials rule with an absolute sway; the arm of the United States has little force; for when we were there, the extreme outposts of her troops were about seven hundred miles to the eastward39. The little fort is built of bricks dried in the sun, and externally is of an oblong form, with bastions of clay, in the form of ordinary blockhouses, at two of the corners. The walls are about fifteen feet high, and surmounted40 by a slender palisade. The roofs of the apartments within, which are built close against the walls, serve the purpose of a banquette. Within, the fort is divided by a partition; on one side is the square area surrounded by the storerooms, offices, and apartments of the inmates; on the other is the corral, a narrow place, encompassed41 by the high clay walls, where at night, or in presence of dangerous Indians, the horses and mules42 of the fort are crowded for safe-keeping. The main entrance has two gates, with an arched passage intervening. A little square window, quite high above the ground, opens laterally43 from an adjoining chamber44 into this passage; so that when the inner gate is closed and barred, a person without may still hold communication with those within through this narrow aperture45. This obviates46 the necessity of admitting suspicious Indians, for purposes of trading, into the body of the fort; for when danger is apprehended47, the inner gate is shut fast, and all traffic is carried on by means of the little window. This precaution, though highly necessary at some of the company’s posts, is now seldom resorted to at Fort Laramie; where, though men are frequently killed in its neighborhood, no apprehensions48 are now entertained of any general designs of hostility49 from the Indians.
We did not long enjoy our new quarters undisturbed. The door was silently pushed open, and two eyeballs and a visage as black as night looked in upon us; then a red arm and shoulder intruded50 themselves, and a tall Indian, gliding51 in, shook us by the hand, grunted52 his salutation, and sat down on the floor. Others followed, with faces of the natural hue54; and letting fall their heavy robes from their shoulders, they took their seats, quite at ease, in a semicircle before us. The pipe was now to be lighted and passed round from one to another; and this was the only entertainment that at present they expected from us. These visitors were fathers, brothers, or other relatives of the squaws in the fort, where they were permitted to remain, loitering about in perfect idleness. All those who smoked with us were men of standing55 and repute. Two or three others dropped in also; young fellows who neither by their years nor their exploits were entitled to rank with the old men and warriors56, and who, abashed58 in the presence of their superiors, stood aloof59, never withdrawing their eyes from us. Their cheeks were adorned with vermilion, their ears with pendants of shell, and their necks with beads60. Never yet having signalized themselves as hunters, or performed the honorable exploit of killing61 a man, they were held in slight esteem62, and were diffident and bashful in proportion. Certain formidable inconveniences attended this influx63 of visitors. They were bent64 on inspecting everything in the room; our equipments and our dress alike underwent their scrutiny65; for though the contrary has been carelessly asserted, few beings have more curiosity than Indians in regard to subjects within their ordinary range of thought. As to other matters, indeed, they seemed utterly66 indifferent. They will not trouble themselves to inquire into what they cannot comprehend, but are quite contented67 to place their hands over their mouths in token of wonder, and exclaim that it is “great medicine.” With this comprehensive solution, an Indian never is at a loss. He never launches forth68 into speculation69 and conjecture70; his reason moves in its beaten track. His soul is dormant71; and no exertions72 of the missionaries73, Jesuit or Puritan, of the Old World or of the New, have as yet availed to rouse it.
As we were looking, at sunset, from the wall, upon the wild and desolate74 plains that surround the fort, we observed a cluster of strange objects like scaffolds rising in the distance against the red western sky. They bore aloft some singular looking burdens; and at their foot glimmered76 something white like bones. This was the place of sepulture of some Dakota chiefs, whose remains78 their people are fond of placing in the vicinity of the fort, in the hope that they may thus be protected from violation79 at the hands of their enemies. Yet it has happened more than once, and quite recently, that war parties of the Crow Indians, ranging through the country, have thrown the bodies from the scaffolds, and broken them to pieces amid the yells of the Dakotas, who remained pent up in the fort, too few to defend the honored relics80 from insult. The white objects upon the ground were buffalo skulls81, arranged in the mystic circle commonly seen at Indian places of sepulture upon the prairie.
We soon discovered, in the twilight82, a band of fifty or sixty horses approaching the fort. These were the animals belonging to the establishment; who having been sent out to feed, under the care of armed guards, in the meadows below, were now being driven into the corral for the night. A little gate opened into this inclosure; by the side of it stood one of the guards, an old Canadian, with gray bushy eyebrows83, and a dragoon pistol stuck into his belt; while his comrade, mounted on horseback, his rifle laid across the saddle in front of him, and his long hair blowing before his swarthy face, rode at the rear of the disorderly troop, urging them up the ascent85. In a moment the narrow corral was thronged86 with the half-wild horses, kicking, biting, and crowding restlessly together.
The discordant88 jingling89 of a bell, rung by a Canadian in the area, summoned us to supper. This sumptuous90 repast was served on a rough table in one of the lower apartments of the fort, and consisted of cakes of bread and dried buffalo meat—an excellent thing for strengthening the teeth. At this meal were seated the bourgeois and superior dignitaries of the establishment, among whom Henry Chatillon was worthily91 included. No sooner was it finished, than the table was spread a second time (the luxury of bread being now, however, omitted), for the benefit of certain hunters and trappers of an inferior standing; while the ordinary Canadian ENGAGES were regaled on dried meat in one of their lodging92 rooms. By way of illustrating93 the domestic economy of Fort Laramie, it may not be amiss to introduce in this place a story current among the men when we were there.
There was an old man named Pierre, whose duty it was to bring the meat from the storeroom for the men. Old Pierre, in the kindness of his heart, used to select the fattest and the best pieces for his companions. This did not long escape the keen-eyed bourgeois, who was greatly disturbed at such improvidence95, and cast about for some means to stop it. At last he hit on a plan that exactly suited him. At the side of the meat-room, and separated from it by a clay partition, was another compartment96, used for the storage of furs. It had no other communication with the fort, except through a square hole in the partition; and of course it was perfectly97 dark. One evening the bourgeois, watching for a moment when no one observed him, dodged98 into the meat-room, clambered through the hole, and ensconced himself among the furs and buffalo robes. Soon after, old Pierre came in with his lantern; and, muttering to himself, began to pull over the bales of meat, and select the best pieces, as usual. But suddenly a hollow and sepulchral99 voice proceeded from the inner apartment: “Pierre! Pierre! Let that fat meat alone! Take nothing but lean!” Pierre dropped his lantern, and bolted out into the fort, screaming, in an agony of terror, that the devil was in the storeroom; but tripping on the threshold, he pitched over upon the gravel100, and lay senseless, stunned101 by the fall. The Canadians ran out to the rescue. Some lifted the unlucky Pierre; and others, making an extempore crucifix out of two sticks, were proceeding21 to attack the devil in his stronghold, when the bourgeois, with a crest-fallen countenance102, appeared at the door. To add to the bourgeois’ mortification103, he was obliged to explain the whole stratagem104 to Pierre, in order to bring the latter to his senses.
We were sitting, on the following morning, in the passage-way between the gates, conversing105 with the traders Vaskiss and May. These two men, together with our sleek friend, the clerk Montalon, were, I believe, the only persons then in the fort who could read and write. May was telling a curious story about the traveler Catlin, when an ugly, diminutive106 Indian, wretchedly mounted, came up at a gallop107, and rode past us into the fort. On being questioned, he said that Smoke’s village was close at hand. Accordingly only a few minutes elapsed before the hills beyond the river were covered with a disorderly swarm108 of savages110, on horseback and on foot. May finished his story; and by that time the whole array had descended111 to Laramie Creek112, and commenced crossing it in a mass. I walked down to the bank. The stream is wide, and was then between three and four feet deep, with a very swift current. For several rods the water was alive with dogs, horses, and Indians. The long poles used in erecting113 the lodges are carried by the horses, being fastened by the heavier end, two or three on each side, to a rude sort of pack saddle, while the other end drags on the ground. About a foot behind the horse, a kind of large basket or pannier is suspended between the poles, and firmly lashed115 in its place on the back of the horse are piled various articles of luggage; the basket also is well filled with domestic utensils116, or, quite as often, with a litter of puppies, a brood of small children, or a superannuated117 old man. Numbers of these curious vehicles, called, in the bastard118 language of the country travaux were now splashing together through the stream. Among them swam countless119 dogs, often burdened with miniature travaux; and dashing forward on horseback through the throng87 came the superbly formed warriors, the slender figure of some lynx-eyed boy, clinging fast behind them. The women sat perched on the pack saddles, adding not a little to the load of the already overburdened horses. The confusion was prodigious120. The dogs yelled and howled in chorus; the puppies in the travaux set up a dismal whine121 as the water invaded their comfortable retreat; the little black-eyed children, from one year of age upward, clung fast with both hands to the edge of their basket, and looked over in alarm at the water rushing so near them, sputtering122 and making wry123 mouths as it splashed against their faces. Some of the dogs, encumbered124 by their loads, were carried down by the current, yelping125 piteously; and the old squaws would rush into the water, seize their favorites by the neck, and drag them out. As each horse gained the bank, he scrambled126 up as he could. Stray horses and colts came among the rest, often breaking away at full speed through the crowd, followed by the old hags, screaming after their fashion on all occasions of excitement. Buxom127 young squaws, blooming in all the charms of vermilion, stood here and there on the bank, holding aloft their master’s lance, as a signal to collect the scattered128 portions of his household. In a few moments the crowd melted away; each family, with its horses and equipage, filing off to the plain at the rear of the fort; and here, in the space of half an hour, arose sixty or seventy of their tapering129 lodges. Their horses were feeding by hundreds over the surrounding prairie, and their dogs were roaming everywhere. The fort was full of men, and the children were whooping130 and yelling incessantly131 under the walls.
These newcomers were scarcely arrived, when Bordeaux was running across the fort, shouting to his squaw to bring him his spyglass. The obedient Marie, the very model of a squaw, produced the instrument, and Bordeaux hurried with it up to the wall. Pointing it to the eastward, he exclaimed, with an oath, that the families were coming. But a few moments elapsed before the heavy caravan132 of the emigrant133 wagons could be seen, steadily134 advancing from the hills. They gained the river, and without turning or pausing plunged135 in; they passed through, and slowly ascending136 the opposing bank, kept directly on their way past the fort and the Indian village, until, gaining a spot a quarter of a mile distant, they wheeled into a circle. For some time our tranquillity137 was undisturbed. The emigrants138 were preparing their encampment; but no sooner was this accomplished139 than Fort Laramie was fairly taken by storm. A crowd of broad-brimmed hats, thin visages, and staring eyes appeared suddenly at the gate. Tall awkward men, in brown homespun; women with cadaverous faces and long lank140 figures came thronging141 in together, and, as if inspired by the very demon142 of curiosity, ransacked143 every nook and corner of the fort. Dismayed at this invasion, we withdrew in all speed to our chamber, vainly hoping that it might prove an inviolable sanctuary144. The emigrants prosecuted145 their investigations146 with untiring vigor147. They penetrated148 the rooms or rather dens75, inhabited by the astonished squaws. They explored the apartments of the men, and even that of Marie and the bourgeois. At last a numerous deputation appeared at our door, but were immediately expelled. Being totally devoid149 of any sense of delicacy150 or propriety151, they seemed resolved to search every mystery to the bottom.
Having at length satisfied their curiosity, they next proceeded to business. The men occupied themselves in procuring152 supplies for their onward153 journey; either buying them with money or giving in exchange superfluous154 articles of their own.
The emigrants felt a violent prejudice against the French Indians, as they called the trappers and traders. They thought, and with some justice, that these men bore them no good will. Many of them were firmly persuaded that the French were instigating155 the Indians to attack and cut them off. On visiting the encampment we were at once struck with the extraordinary perplexity and indecision that prevailed among the emigrants. They seemed like men totally out of their elements; bewildered and amazed, like a troop of school-boys lost in the woods. It was impossible to be long among them without being conscious of the high and bold spirit with which most of them were animated156. But the FOREST is the home of the backwoodsman. On the remote prairie he is totally at a loss. He differs much from the genuine “mountain man,” the wild prairie hunter, as a Canadian voyageur, paddling his canoe on the rapids of the Ottawa, differs from an American sailor among the storms of Cape94 Horn. Still my companion and I were somewhat at a loss to account for this perturbed157 state of mind. It could not be cowardice158; these men were of the same stock with the volunteers of Monterey and Buena Vista159. Yet, for the most part, they were the rudest and most ignorant of the frontier population; they knew absolutely nothing of the country and its inhabitants; they had already experienced much misfortune, and apprehended more; they had seen nothing of mankind, and had never put their own resources to the test.
A full proportion of suspicion fell upon us. Being strangers we were looked upon as enemies. Having occasion for a supply of lead and a few other necessary articles, we used to go over to the emigrant camps to obtain them. After some hesitation160, some dubious161 glances, and fumbling162 of the hands in the pockets, the terms would be agreed upon, the price tendered, and the emigrant would go off to bring the article in question. After waiting until our patience gave out, we would go in search of him, and find him seated on the tongue of his wagon35.
“Well, stranger,” he would observe, as he saw us approach, “I reckon I won’t trade!”
Some friend of his followed him from the scene of the bargain and suggested in his ear, that clearly we meant to cheat him, and he had better have nothing to do with us.
This timorous163 mood of the emigrants was doubly unfortunate, as it exposed them to real danger. Assume, in the presence of Indians a bold bearing, self-confident yet vigilant164, and you will find them tolerably safe neighbors. But your safety depends on the respect and fear you are able to inspire. If you betray timidity or indecision, you convert them from that moment into insidious165 and dangerous enemies. The Dakotas saw clearly enough the perturbation of the emigrants and instantly availed themselves of it. They became extremely insolent166 and exacting167 in their demands. It has become an established custom with them to go to the camp of every party, at it arrives in succession at the fort, and demand a feast. Smoke’s village had come with the express design, having made several days’ journey with no other object than that of enjoying a cup of coffee and two or three biscuits. So the “feast” was demanded, and the emigrants dared not refuse it.
One evening, about sunset, the village was deserted168. We met old men, warriors, squaws, and children in gay attire169, trooping off to the encampment, with faces of anticipation170; and, arriving here, they seated themselves in a semicircle. Smoke occupied the center, with his warriors on either hand; the young men and boys next succeeded, and the squaws and children formed the horns of the crescent. The biscuit and coffee were most promptly171 dispatched, the emigrants staring open-mouthed at their savage109 guests. With each new emigrant party that arrived at Fort Laramie this scene was renewed; and every day the Indians grew more rapacious172 and presumptuous173. One evening they broke to pieces, out of mere77 wantonness, the cups from which they had been feasted; and this so exasperated174 the emigrants that many of them seized their rifles and could scarcely be restrained from firing on the insolent mob of Indians. Before we left the country this dangerous spirit on the part of the Dakota had mounted to a yet higher pitch. They began openly to threaten the emigrants with destruction, and actually fired upon one or two parties of whites. A military force and military law are urgently called for in that perilous175 region; and unless troops are speedily stationed at Fort Laramie, or elsewhere in the neighborhood, both the emigrants and other travelers will be exposed to most imminent176 risks.
The Ogallalla, the Brules, and other western bands of the Dakota, are thorough savages, unchanged by any contact with civilization. Not one of them can speak a European tongue, or has ever visited an American settlement. Until within a year or two, when the emigrants began to pass through their country on the way to Oregon, they had seen no whites except the handful employed about the Fur Company’s posts. They esteemed177 them a wise people, inferior only to themselves, living in leather lodges, like their own, and subsisting178 on buffalo. But when the swarm of MENEASKA, with their oxen and wagons, began to invade them, their astonishment179 was unbounded. They could scarcely believe that the earth contained such a multitude of white men. Their wonder is now giving way to indignation; and the result, unless vigilantly180 guarded against, may be lamentable181 in the extreme.
But to glance at the interior of a lodge31. Shaw and I used often to visit them. Indeed, we spent most of our evenings in the Indian village; Shaw’s assumption of the medical character giving us a fair pretext182. As a sample of the rest I will describe one of these visits. The sun had just set, and the horses were driven into the corral. The Prairie Cock, a noted183 beau, came in at the gate with a bevy184 of young girls, with whom he began to dance in the area, leading them round and round in a circle, while he jerked up from his chest a succession of monotonous185 sounds, to which they kept time in a rueful chant. Outside the gate boys and young men were idly frolicking; and close by, looking grimly upon them, stood a warrior57 in his robe, with his face painted jet-black, in token that he had lately taken a Pawnee scalp. Passing these, the tall dark lodges rose between us and the red western sky. We repaired at once to the lodge of Old Smoke himself. It was by no means better than the others; indeed, it was rather shabby; for in this democratic community, the chief never assumes superior state. Smoke sat cross-legged on a buffalo robe, and his grunt53 of salutation as we entered was unusually cordial, out of respect no doubt to Shaw’s medical character. Seated around the lodge were several squaws, and an abundance of children. The complaint of Shaw’s patients was, for the most part, a severe inflammation of the eyes, occasioned by exposure to the sun, a species of disorder84 which he treated with some success. He had brought with him a homeopathic medicine chest, and was, I presume, the first who introduced that harmless system of treatment among the Ogallalla. No sooner had a robe been spread at the head of the lodge for our accommodation, and we had seated ourselves upon it, than a patient made her appearance; the chief’s daughter herself, who, to do her justice, was the best-looking girl in the village. Being on excellent terms with the physician, she placed herself readily under his hands, and submitted with a good grace to his applications, laughing in his face during the whole process, for a squaw hardly knows how to smile. This case dispatched, another of a different kind succeeded. A hideous186, emaciated187 old woman sat in the darkest corner of the lodge rocking to and fro with pain and hiding her eyes from the light by pressing the palms of both hands against her face. At Smoke’s command, she came forward, very unwillingly188, and exhibited a pair of eyes that had nearly disappeared from excess of inflammation. No sooner had the doctor fastened his grips upon her than she set up a dismal moaning, and writhed189 so in his grasp that he lost all patience, but being resolved to carry his point, he succeeded at last in applying his favorite remedies.
“It is strange,” he said, when the operation was finished, “that I forgot to bring any Spanish flies with me; we must have something here to answer for a counter-irritant!”
So, in the absence of better, he seized upon a red-hot brand from the fire, and clapped it against the temple of the old squaw, who set up an unearthly howl, at which the rest of the family broke out into a laugh.
During these medical operations Smoke’s eldest190 squaw entered the lodge, with a sort of stone mallet191 in her hand. I had observed some time before a litter of well-grown black puppies, comfortably nestled among some buffalo robes at one side; but this newcomer speedily disturbed their enjoyment192; for seizing one of them by the hind114 paw, she dragged him out, and carrying him to the entrance of the lodge, hammered him on the head till she killed him. Being quite conscious to what this preparation tended, I looked through a hole in the back of the lodge to see the next steps of the process. The squaw, holding the puppy by the legs, was swinging him to and fro through the blaze of a fire, until the hair was singed193 off. This done, she unsheathed her knife and cut him into small pieces, which she dropped into a kettle to boil. In a few moments a large wooden dish was set before us, filled with this delicate preparation. We felt conscious of the honor. A dog-feast is the greatest compliment a Dakota can offer to his guest; and knowing that to refuse eating would be an affront194, we attacked the little dog and devoured195 him before the eyes of his unconscious parent. Smoke in the meantime was preparing his great pipe. It was lighted when we had finished our repast, and we passed it from one to another till the bowl was empty. This done, we took our leave without further ceremony, knocked at the gate of the fort, and after making ourselves known were admitted.
One morning, about a week after reaching Fort Laramie, we were holding our customary Indian levee, when a bustle in the area below announced a new arrival; and looking down from our balcony, I saw a familiar red beard and mustache in the gateway. They belonged to the captain, who with his party had just crossed the stream. We met him on the stairs as he came up, and congratulated him on the safe arrival of himself and his devoted companions. But he remembered our treachery, and was grave and dignified196 accordingly; a tendency which increased as he observed on our part a disposition197 to laugh at him. After remaining an hour or two at the fort he rode away with his friends, and we have heard nothing of him since. As for R., he kept carefully aloof. It was but too evident that we had the unhappiness to have forfeited198 the kind regards of our London fellow-traveler.
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expiration
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| n.终结，期满，呼气，呼出物 | |
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inmates
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| n.囚犯( inmate的名词复数 ) | |
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enveloped
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| v.包围，笼罩，包住( envelop的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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buffalo
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| n.(北美)野牛；(亚洲)水牛 | |
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vociferous
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| adj.喧哗的，大叫大嚷的 | |
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rambled
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| （无目的地）漫游( ramble的过去式和过去分词 )； （喻）漫谈； 扯淡； 长篇大论 | |
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labor
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| n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦 | |
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confirmation
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| n.证实，确认，批准 | |
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bourgeois
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| adj./n.追求物质享受的(人)；中产阶级分子 | |
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attainments
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| 成就，造诣； 获得( attainment的名词复数 )； 达到； 造诣； 成就 | |
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applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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sleek
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| adj.光滑的，井然有序的；v.使光滑，梳拢 | |
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awaken
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| vi.醒，觉醒；vt.唤醒，使觉醒，唤起，激起 | |
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deficient
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| adj.不足的，不充份的，有缺陷的 | |
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hospitable
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| adj.好客的；宽容的；有利的，适宜的 | |
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admiration
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| n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕 | |
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brass
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| n.黄铜；黄铜器，铜管乐器 | |
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dismal
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| adj.阴沉的，凄凉的，令人忧郁的，差劲的 | |
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trophy
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| n.优胜旗，奖品，奖杯，战胜品，纪念品 | |
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proceedings
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| n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报 | |
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proceeding
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| n.行动，进行，(pl.)会议录，学报 | |
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legitimate
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| adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法 | |
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bluff
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| v.虚张声势，用假象骗人；n.虚张声势，欺骗 | |
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inflated
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| adj.（价格）飞涨的；（通货）膨胀的；言过其实的；充了气的v.使充气（于轮胎、气球等）( inflate的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）膨胀；（使）通货膨胀；物价上涨 | |
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leisurely
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| adj.悠闲的；从容的，慢慢的 | |
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haven
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| n.安全的地方，避难所，庇护所 | |
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devoted
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| adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的 | |
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29
gateway
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| n.大门口，出入口，途径，方法 | |
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30
adorned
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| [计]被修饰的 | |
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31
lodge
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| v.临时住宿，寄宿，寄存，容纳；n.传达室，小旅馆 | |
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32
lodges
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| v.存放( lodge的第三人称单数 )；暂住；埋入；（权利、权威等）归属 | |
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33
enacting
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| 制定（法律），通过（法案）( enact的现在分词 ) | |
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34
wagons
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| n.四轮的运货马车( wagon的名词复数 )；铁路货车；小手推车 | |
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35
wagon
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| n.四轮马车，手推车，面包车；无盖运货列车 | |
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36
bustle
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| v.喧扰地忙乱，匆忙，奔忙；n.忙碌；喧闹 | |
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37
imperturbable
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| adj.镇静的 | |
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38
monopolize
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| v.垄断，独占，专营 | |
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39
eastward
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| adv.向东；adj.向东的；n.东方，东部 | |
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40
surmounted
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| 战胜( surmount的过去式和过去分词 )； 克服（困难）； 居于…之上； 在…顶上 | |
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41
encompassed
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| v.围绕( encompass的过去式和过去分词 )；包围；包含；包括 | |
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42
mules
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| 骡( mule的名词复数 )； 拖鞋； 顽固的人； 越境运毒者 | |
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43
laterally
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| ad.横向地；侧面地；旁边地 | |
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44
chamber
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| n.房间，寝室；会议厅；议院；会所 | |
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45
aperture
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| n.孔，隙，窄的缺口 | |
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46
obviates
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| v.避免，消除（贫困、不方便等）( obviate的第三人称单数 ) | |
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47
apprehended
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| 逮捕，拘押( apprehend的过去式和过去分词 )； 理解 | |
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48
apprehensions
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| 疑惧 | |
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49
hostility
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| n.敌对，敌意；抵制［pl.］交战，战争 | |
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50
intruded
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| n.侵入的，推进的v.侵入，侵扰，打扰( intrude的过去式和过去分词 )；把…强加于 | |
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51
gliding
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| v. 滑翔 adj. 滑动的 | |
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52
grunted
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| （猪等）作呼噜声( grunt的过去式和过去分词 )； （指人）发出类似的哼声； 咕哝着说 | |
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53
grunt
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| v.嘟哝；作呼噜声；n.呼噜声，嘟哝 | |
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54
hue
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| n.色度；色调；样子 | |
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55
standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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56
warriors
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| 武士，勇士，战士( warrior的名词复数 ) | |
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57
warrior
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| n.勇士，武士，斗士 | |
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58
abashed
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| adj.窘迫的，尴尬的v.使羞愧，使局促，使窘迫( abash的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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59
aloof
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| adj.远离的；冷淡的，漠不关心的 | |
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60
beads
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| n.（空心）小珠子( bead的名词复数 )；水珠；珠子项链 | |
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61
killing
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| n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财 | |
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62
esteem
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| n.尊敬，尊重；vt.尊重，敬重；把…看作 | |
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63
influx
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| n.流入，注入 | |
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64
bent
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| n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的 | |
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65
scrutiny
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| n.详细检查，仔细观察 | |
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66
utterly
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| adv.完全地，绝对地 | |
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67
contented
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| adj.满意的，安心的，知足的 | |
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68
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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69
speculation
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| n.思索，沉思；猜测；投机 | |
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70
conjecture
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| n./v.推测，猜测 | |
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71
dormant
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| adj.暂停活动的；休眠的；潜伏的 | |
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72
exertions
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| n.努力( exertion的名词复数 )；费力；（能力、权力等的）运用；行使 | |
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73
missionaries
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| n.传教士( missionary的名词复数 ) | |
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74
desolate
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| adj.荒凉的，荒芜的；孤独的，凄凉的；v.使荒芜，使孤寂 | |
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75
dens
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| n.牙齿，齿状部分；兽窝( den的名词复数 )；窝点；休息室；书斋 | |
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76
glimmered
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| v.发闪光，发微光( glimmer的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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77
mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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78
remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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79
violation
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| n.违反(行为)，违背(行为)，侵犯 | |
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80
relics
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| [pl.］n.遗物，遗迹，遗产；遗体，尸骸 | |
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81
skulls
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| 颅骨( skull的名词复数 )； 脑袋； 脑子； 脑瓜 | |
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82
twilight
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| n.暮光，黄昏；暮年，晚期，衰落时期 | |
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83
eyebrows
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| 眉毛( eyebrow的名词复数 ) | |
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84
disorder
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| n.紊乱，混乱；骚动，骚乱；疾病，失调 | |
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85
ascent
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| n.(声望或地位)提高；上升，升高；登高 | |
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86
thronged
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| v.成群，挤满( throng的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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87
throng
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| n.人群，群众；v.拥挤，群集 | |
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88
discordant
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| adj.不调和的 | |
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89
jingling
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| 叮当声 | |
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90
sumptuous
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| adj.豪华的，奢侈的，华丽的 | |
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91
worthily
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| 重要地，可敬地，正当地 | |
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92
lodging
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| n.寄宿，住所；(大学生的)校外宿舍 | |
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93
illustrating
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| 给…加插图( illustrate的现在分词 )； 说明； 表明； （用示例、图画等）说明 | |
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94
cape
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| n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风 | |
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95
improvidence
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| n.目光短浅 | |
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96
compartment
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| n.卧车包房，隔间；分隔的空间 | |
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97
perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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98
dodged
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| v.闪躲( dodge的过去式和过去分词 )；回避 | |
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99
sepulchral
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| adj.坟墓的，阴深的 | |
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100
gravel
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| n.砂跞；砂砾层；结石 | |
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101
stunned
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| adj. 震惊的，惊讶的 动词stun的过去式和过去分词 | |
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102
countenance
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| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
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103
mortification
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| n.耻辱，屈辱 | |
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104
stratagem
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| n.诡计，计谋 | |
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105
conversing
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| v.交谈，谈话( converse的现在分词 ) | |
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106
diminutive
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| adj.小巧可爱的，小的 | |
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107
gallop
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| v./n.(马或骑马等)飞奔；飞速发展 | |
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108
swarm
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| n.(昆虫)等一大群；vi.成群飞舞；蜂拥而入 | |
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109
savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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110
savages
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| 未开化的人，野蛮人( savage的名词复数 ) | |
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111
descended
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| a.为...后裔的，出身于...的 | |
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112
creek
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| n.小溪，小河，小湾 | |
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113
erecting
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| v.使直立，竖起( erect的现在分词 )；建立 | |
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114
hind
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| adj.后面的，后部的 | |
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115
lashed
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| adj.具睫毛的v.鞭打( lash的过去式和过去分词 )；煽动；紧系；怒斥 | |
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116
utensils
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| 器具，用具，器皿( utensil的名词复数 )； 器物 | |
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117
superannuated
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| adj.老朽的，退休的；v.因落后于时代而废除，勒令退学 | |
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118
bastard
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| n.坏蛋，混蛋；私生子 | |
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119
countless
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| adj.无数的，多得不计其数的 | |
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120
prodigious
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| adj.惊人的，奇妙的；异常的；巨大的；庞大的 | |
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121
whine
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| v.哀号，号哭；n.哀鸣 | |
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122
sputtering
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| n.反应溅射法；飞溅；阴极真空喷镀；喷射v.唾沫飞溅( sputter的现在分词 )；发劈啪声；喷出；飞溅出 | |
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123
wry
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| adj.讽刺的；扭曲的 | |
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124
encumbered
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| v.妨碍，阻碍，拖累( encumber的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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125
yelping
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| v.发出短而尖的叫声( yelp的现在分词 ) | |
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126
scrambled
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| v.快速爬行( scramble的过去式和过去分词 )；攀登；争夺；（军事飞机）紧急起飞 | |
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127
buxom
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| adj.（妇女）丰满的，有健康美的 | |
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128
scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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129
tapering
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| adj.尖端细的 | |
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130
whooping
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| 发嗬嗬声的，发咳声的 | |
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131
incessantly
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| ad.不停地 | |
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132
caravan
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| n.大蓬车；活动房屋 | |
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133
emigrant
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| adj.移居的，移民的；n.移居外国的人，移民 | |
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134
steadily
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| adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地 | |
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135
plunged
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| v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降 | |
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136
ascending
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| adj.上升的，向上的 | |
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137
tranquillity
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| n. 平静, 安静 | |
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138
emigrants
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| n.（从本国移往他国的）移民( emigrant的名词复数 ) | |
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139
accomplished
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| adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的 | |
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140
lank
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| adj.瘦削的；稀疏的 | |
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141
thronging
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| v.成群，挤满( throng的现在分词 ) | |
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142
demon
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| n.魔鬼，恶魔 | |
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143
ransacked
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| v.彻底搜查( ransack的过去式和过去分词 )；抢劫，掠夺 | |
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144
sanctuary
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| n.圣所，圣堂，寺庙；禁猎区，保护区 | |
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145
prosecuted
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| a.被起诉的 | |
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146
investigations
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| （正式的）调查( investigation的名词复数 )； 侦查； 科学研究； 学术研究 | |
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147
vigor
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| n.活力，精力，元气 | |
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148
penetrated
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| adj. 击穿的，鞭辟入里的 动词penetrate的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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149
devoid
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| adj.全无的，缺乏的 | |
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150
delicacy
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| n.精致，细微，微妙，精良；美味，佳肴 | |
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151
propriety
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| n.正当行为；正当；适当 | |
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152
procuring
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| v.（努力）取得， （设法）获得( procure的现在分词 )；拉皮条 | |
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153
onward
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| adj.向前的，前进的；adv.向前，前进，在先 | |
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154
superfluous
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| adj.过多的，过剩的，多余的 | |
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155
instigating
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| v.使（某事物）开始或发生，鼓动( instigate的现在分词 ) | |
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animated
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| adj.生气勃勃的，活跃的，愉快的 | |
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perturbed
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| adj.烦燥不安的v.使（某人）烦恼，不安( perturb的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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cowardice
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| n.胆小，怯懦 | |
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vista
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| n.远景，深景，展望，回想 | |
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hesitation
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| n.犹豫，踌躇 | |
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dubious
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| adj.怀疑的，无把握的；有问题的，靠不住的 | |
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fumbling
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| n. 摸索,漏接 v. 摸索,摸弄,笨拙的处理 | |
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timorous
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| adj.胆怯的，胆小的 | |
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vigilant
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| adj.警觉的，警戒的，警惕的 | |
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insidious
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| adj.阴险的，隐匿的，暗中为害的，（疾病）不知不觉之间加剧 | |
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insolent
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| adj.傲慢的，无理的 | |
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167
exacting
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| adj.苛求的，要求严格的 | |
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deserted
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| adj.荒芜的，荒废的，无人的，被遗弃的 | |
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attire
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| v.穿衣，装扮[同]array；n.衣着；盛装 | |
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anticipation
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| n.预期，预料，期望 | |
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promptly
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| adv.及时地，敏捷地 | |
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rapacious
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| adj.贪婪的，强夺的 | |
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presumptuous
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| adj.胆大妄为的，放肆的，冒昧的，冒失的 | |
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exasperated
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| adj.恼怒的 | |
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perilous
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| adj.危险的，冒险的 | |
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imminent
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| adj.即将发生的，临近的，逼近的 | |
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esteemed
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| adj.受人尊敬的v.尊敬( esteem的过去式和过去分词 )；敬重；认为；以为 | |
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178
subsisting
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| v.（靠很少的钱或食物）维持生活，生存下去( subsist的现在分词 ) | |
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179
astonishment
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| n.惊奇，惊异 | |
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180
vigilantly
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| adv.警觉地，警惕地 | |
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181
lamentable
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| adj.令人惋惜的，悔恨的 | |
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pretext
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| n.借口，托词 | |
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noted
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| adj.著名的，知名的 | |
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184
bevy
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| n.一群 | |
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185
monotonous
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| adj.单调的，一成不变的，使人厌倦的 | |
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186
hideous
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| adj.丑陋的，可憎的，可怕的，恐怖的 | |
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187
emaciated
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| adj.衰弱的，消瘦的 | |
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188
unwillingly
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| adv.不情愿地 | |
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189
writhed
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| （因极度痛苦而）扭动或翻滚( writhe的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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eldest
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| adj.最年长的，最年老的 | |
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191
mallet
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| n.槌棒 | |
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enjoyment
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| n.乐趣；享有；享用 | |
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193
singed
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| v.浅表烧焦( singe的过去式和过去分词 )；（毛发）燎，烧焦尖端[边儿] | |
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194
affront
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| n./v.侮辱，触怒 | |
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195
devoured
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| 吞没( devour的过去式和过去分词 )； 耗尽； 津津有味地看； 狼吞虎咽地吃光 | |
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dignified
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| a.可敬的，高贵的 | |
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197
disposition
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| n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署 | |
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forfeited
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| （因违反协议、犯规、受罚等）丧失，失去( forfeit的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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