Yet, strange as it may sound, it is nevertheless a fact, of which there is no lack of evidence, that this illustrious family during all this period, in common with two-thirds of the Arragonese nobility, secretly adhered to the ancient faith and ceremonies of their fathers; a belief in the unity7 of the God of Sinai, and the rights and observances of the laws of Moses.
Whence came those Mosaic8 Arabs whose passages across the strait from Africa to Europe long preceded the invasion of the Mohammedan Arabs, it is now impossible to ascertain9. Their traditions tell us that from time immemorial they had sojourned in Africa; and it is not improbable that they may have been the descendants of some of the earlier dispersions; like those Hebrew colonies that we find in China, and who probably emigrated from Persia in the days of the great monarchies10. Whatever may have been their origin in Africa, their fortunes in Southern Europe are not difficult to trace, though the annals of no race in any age can detail a history of such strange vicissitudes11, or one rife12 with more touching13 and romantic incident. Their unexampled prosperity in the Spanish Peninsula, and especially in the south, where they had become the principal cultivators of the soil, excited the jealousy14 of the Goths; and the Councils of Toledo during the sixth and seventh centuries attempted, by a series of decrees worthy16 of the barbarians17 who promulgated18 them, to root the Jewish Arabs out of the land. There is no doubt the Council of Toledo led, as directly as the lust6 of Roderick, to the invasion of Spain by the Moslemin Arabs. The Jewish population, suffering under the most sanguinary and atrocious persecution19, looked to their sympathising brethren of the Crescent, whose camps already gleamed on the opposite shore. The overthrow20 of the Gothic kingdoms was as much achieved by the superior information which the Saracens received from their suffering kinsmen21, as by the resistless valour of the Desert. The Saracen kingdoms were established. That fair and unrivalled civilisation22 arose which preserved for Europe arts and letters when Christendom was plunged23 in darkness. The children of Ishmael rewarded the children of Israel with equal rights and privileges with themselves. During these halcyon24 centuries, it is difficult to distinguish the follower25 of Moses from the votary26 of Mahomet. Both alike built palaces, gardens, and fountains; filled equally the highest offices of the state, competed in an extensive and enlightened commerce, and rivalled each other in renowned27 universities.
Even after the fall of the principal Moorish28 kingdoms, the Jews of Spain were still treated by the conquering Goths with tenderness and consideration. Their numbers, their wealth, the fact that, in Arragon especially, they were the proprietors29 of the soil, and surrounded by warlike and devoted30 followers31, secured for them an usage which, for a considerable period, made them little sensible of the change of dynasties and religions. But the tempest gradually gathered. As the Goths grew stronger, persecution became more bold. Where the Jewish population was scanty32 they were deprived of their privileges, or obliged to conform under the title of ‘Nuevos Christianos.’ At length the union of the two crowns under Ferdinand and Isabella, and the fall of the last Moorish kingdom, brought the crisis of their fate both to the New Christian33 and the nonconforming Hebrew. The Inquisition appeared, the Institution that had exterminated34 the Albigenses and had desolated35 Languedoc, and which, it should ever be remembered, was established in the Spanish kingdoms against the protests of the Cortes and amid the terror of the populace. The Dominicans opened their first tribunal at Seville, and it is curious that the first individuals they summoned before them were the Duke of Medina Sidonia, the Marquess of Cadiz, and the Count of Arcos; three of the most considerable personages in Spain. How many were burned alive at Seville during the first year, how many imprisoned36 for life, what countless37 thousands were visited with severe though lighter38 punishments, need not be recorded here. In nothing was the Holy Office more happy than in multiform and subtle means by which they tested the sincerity39 of the New Christians40.
At length the Inquisition was to be extended to Arragon. The high-spirited nobles of that kingdom knew that its institution was for them a matter of life or death. The Cortes of Arragon appealed to the King and to the Pope; they organised an extensive conspiracy41; the chief Inquisitor was assassinated42 in the cathedral of Saragossa. Alas43! it was fated that in this, one of the many, and continual, and continuing struggles between the rival organisations of the North and the South, the children of the sun should fall. The fagot and the San Benito were the doom45 of the nobles of Arragon. Those who were convicted of secret Judaism, and this scarcely three centuries ago, were dragged to the stake; the sons of the noblest houses, in whose veins46 the Hebrew taint47 could be traced, had to walk in solemn procession, singing psalms48, and confessing their faith in the religion of the fell Torquemada.
This triumph in Arragon, the almost simultaneous fall of the last Moorish kingdom, raised the hopes of the pure Christians to the highest pitch. Having purged49 the new Christians, they next turned their attention to the old Hebrews. Ferdinand was resolved that the delicious air of Spain should be breathed no longer by any one who did not profess50 the Catholic faith. Baptism or exile was the alternative. More than six hundred thousand individuals, some authorities greatly increase the amount, the most industrious51, the most intelligent, and the most enlightened of Spanish subjects, would not desert the religion of their fathers. For this they gave up the delightful52 land wherein they had lived for centuries, the beautiful cities they had raised, the universities from which Christendom drew for ages its most precious lore53, the tombs of their ancestors, the temples where they had worshipped the God for whom they had made this sacrifice. They had but four months to prepare for eternal exile, after a residence of as many centuries; during which brief period forced sales and glutted54 markets virtually confiscated55 their property. It is a calamity56 that the scattered57 nation still ranks with the desolations of Nebuchadnezzar and of Titus. Who after this should say the Jews are by nature a sordid58 people? But the Spanish Goth, then so cruel and so haughty59, where is he? A despised suppliant60 to the very race which he banished61, for some miserable62 portion of the treasure which their habits of industry have again accumulated. Where is that tribunal that summoned Medina Sidonia and Cadiz to its dark inquisition? Where is Spain? Its fall, its unparalleled and its irremediable fall, is mainly to be attributed to the expulsion of that large portion of its subjects, the most industrious and intelligent, who traced their origin to the Mosaic and Mohammedan Arabs.
The Sidonias of Arragon were Nuevos Christianos. Some of them, no doubt, were burned alive at the end of the fifteenth century, under the system of Torquemada; many of them, doubtless, wore the San Benito; but they kept their titles and estates, and in time reached those great offices to which we have referred.
During the long disorders63 of the Peninsular war, when so many openings were offered to talent, and so many opportunities seized by the adventurous64, a cadet of a younger branch of this family made a large fortune by military contracts, and supplying the commissariat of the different armies. At the peace, prescient of the great financial future of Europe, confident in the fertility of his own genius, in his original views of fiscal66 subjects, and his knowledge of national resources, this Sidonia, feeling that Madrid, or even Cadiz, could never be a base on which the monetary67 transactions of the world could be regulated, resolved to emigrate to England, with which he had, in the course of years, formed considerable commercial connections. He arrived here after the peace of Paris, with his large capital. He staked all he was worth on the Waterloo loan; and the event made him one of the greatest capitalists in Europe.
No sooner was Sidonia established in England than he professed68 Judaism; which Torquemada flattered himself, with the fagot and the San Benito, he had drained out of the veins of his family more than three centuries ago. He sent over, also, for several of his brothers, who were as good Catholics in Spain as Ferdinand and Isabella could have possibly desired, but who made an offering in the synagogue, in gratitude69 for their safe voyage, on their arrival in England.
Sidonia had foreseen in Spain that, after the exhaustion70 of a war of twenty-five years, Europe must require capital to carry on peace. He reaped the due reward of his sagacity. Europe did require money, and Sidonia was ready to lend it to Europe. France wanted some; Austria more; Prussia a little; Russia a few millions. Sidonia could furnish them all. The only country which he avoided was Spain; he was too well acquainted with its resources. Nothing, too, would ever tempt15 him to lend anything to the revolted colonies of Spain. Prudence71 saved him from being a creditor72 of the mother-country; his Spanish pride recoiled73 from the rebellion of her children.
It is not difficult to conceive that, after having pursued the career we have intimated for about ten years, Sidonia had become one of the most considerable personages in Europe. He had established a brother, or a near relative, in whom he could confide65, in most of the principal capitals. He was lord and master of the money-market of the world, and of course virtually lord and master of everything else. He literally74 held the revenues of Southern Italy in pawn75; and monarchs76 and ministers of all countries courted his advice and were guided by his suggestions. He was still in the vigour77 of life, and was not a mere78 money-making machine. He had a general intelligence equal to his position, and looked forward to the period when some relaxation79 from his vast enterprises and exertions80 might enable him to direct his energies to great objects of public benefit. But in the height of his vast prosperity he suddenly died, leaving only one child, a youth still of tender years, and heir to the greatest fortune in Europe, so great, indeed, that it could only be calculated by millions.
Shut out from universities and schools, those universities and schools which were indebted for their first knowledge of ancient philosophy to the learning and enterprise of his ancestors, the young Sidonia was fortunate in the tutor whom his father had procured81 for him, and who devoted to his charge all the resources of his trained intellect and vast and varied82 erudition. A Jesuit before the revolution; since then an exiled Liberal leader; now a member of the Spanish Cortes; Rebello was always a Jew. He found in his pupil that precocity83 of intellectual development which is characteristic of the Arabian organisation44. The young Sidonia penetrated85 the highest mysteries of mathematics with a facility almost instinctive86; while a memory, which never had any twilight87 hours, but always reflected a noontide clearness, seemed to magnify his acquisitions of ancient learning by the promptness with which they could be reproduced and applied88.
The circumstances of his position, too, had early contributed to give him an unusual command over the modern languages. An Englishman, and taught from his cradle to be proud of being an Englishman, he first evinced in speaking his native language those remarkable89 powers of expression, and that clear and happy elocution, which ever afterwards distinguished him. But the son of a Spaniard, the sonorous90 syllables91 of that noble tongue constantly resounded92 in his ear; while the foreign guests who thronged93 his father’s mansion94 habituated him from an early period of life to the tones of languages that were not long strange to him. When he was nineteen, Sidonia, who had then resided some time with his uncle at Naples, and had made a long visit to another of his father’s relatives at Frankfort, possessed95 a complete mastery over the principal European languages.
At seventeen he had parted with Rebello, who returned to Spain, and Sidonia, under the control of his guardians96, commenced his travels. He resided, as we have mentioned, some time in Germany, and then, having visited Italy, settled at Naples, at which city it may be said he made his entrance into life. With an interesting person, and highly accomplished97, he availed himself of the gracious attentions of a court of which he was principal creditor; and which, treating him as a distinguished English traveller, were enabled perhaps to show him some favours that the manners of the country might not have permitted them to accord to his Neapolitan relatives. Sidonia thus obtained at an early age that experience of refined and luxurious98 society, which is a necessary part of a finished education. It gives the last polish to the manners; it teaches us something of the power of the passions, early developed in the hot-bed of self-indulgence; it instils99 into us that indefinable tact100 seldom obtained in later life, which prevents us from saying the wrong thing, and often impels101 us to do the right.
Between Paris and Naples Sidonia passed two years, spent apparently102 in the dissipation which was perhaps inseparable from his time of life. He was admired by women, to whom he was magnificent, idolised by artists whom he patronised, received in all circles with great distinction, and appreciated for his intellect by the very few to whom he at all opened himself. For, though affable and gracious, it was impossible to penetrate84 him. Though unreserved in his manner, his frankness was strictly103 limited to the surface. He observed everything, thought ever, but avoided serious discussion. If you pressed him for an opinion, he took refuge in raillery, or threw out some grave paradox104 with which it was not easy to cope.
The moment he came of age, Sidonia having previously105, at a great family congress held at Naples, made arrangements with the heads of the houses that bore his name respecting the disposition106 and management of his vast fortune, quitted Europe.
Sidonia was absent from his connections for five years, during which period he never communicated with them. They were aware of his existence only by the orders which he drew on them for payment, and which arrived from all quarters of the globe. It would appear from these documents that he had dwelt a considerable time in the Mediterranean107 regions; penetrated Nilotic Africa to Sennaar and Abyssinia; traversed the Asiatic continent to Tartary, whence he had visited Hindostan, and the isles108 of that Indian Sea which are so little known. Afterwards he was heard of at Valparaiso, the Brazils, and Lima. He evidently remained some time at Mexico, which he quitted for the United States. One morning, without notice, he arrived in London.
Sidonia had exhausted109 all the sources of human knowledge; he was master of the learning of every nation, of all tongues dead or living, of every literature, Western and Oriental. He had pursued the speculations110 of science to their last term, and had himself illustrated111 them by observation and experiment. He had lived in all orders of society, had viewed every combination of Nature and of Art, and had observed man under every phasis of civilisation. He had even studied him in the wilderness112. The influence of creeds114 and laws, manners, customs, traditions, in all their diversities, had been subjected to his personal scrutiny115.
He brought to the study of this vast aggregate116 of knowledge a penetrative intellect that, matured by long meditation117, and assisted by that absolute freedom from prejudice, which, was the compensatory possession of a man without a country, permitted Sidonia to fathom118, as it were by intuition, the depth of questions apparently the most difficult and profound. He possessed the rare faculty119 of communicating with precision ideas the most abstruse120, and in general a power of expression which arrests and satisfies attention.
With all this knowledge, which no one knew more to prize, with boundless121 wealth, and with an athletic122 frame, which sickness had never tried, and which had avoided excess, Sidonia nevertheless looked upon life with a glance rather of curiosity than content. His religion walled him out from the pursuits of a citizen; his riches deprived him of the stimulating123 anxieties of a man. He perceived himself a lone124 being, alike without cares and without duties.
To a man in his position there might yet seem one unfailing source of felicity and joy; independent of creed113, independent of country, independent even of character. He might have discovered that perpetual spring of happiness in the sensibility of the heart. But this was a sealed fountain to Sidonia. In his organisation there was a peculiarity125, perhaps a great deficiency. He was a man without affections. It would be harsh to say he had no heart, for he was susceptible126 of deep emotions, but not for individuals. He was capable of rebuilding a town that was burned down; of restoring a colony that had been destroyed by some awful visitation of Nature; of redeeming127 to liberty a horde128 of captives; and of doing these great acts in secret; for, void of all self-love, public approbation129 was worthless to him; but the individual never touched him. Woman was to him a toy, man a machine.
The lot the most precious to man, and which a beneficent Providence130 has made not the least common; to find in another heart a perfect and profound sympathy; to unite his existence with one who could share all his joys, soften131 all his sorrows, aid him in all his projects, respond to all his fancies, counsel him in his cares, and support him in his perils132; make life charming by her charms, interesting by her intelligence, and sweet by the vigilant133 variety of her tenderness; to find your life blessed by such an influence, and to feel that your influence can bless such a life: this lot, the most divine of divine gifts, that power and even fame can never rival in its delights, all this Nature had denied to Sidonia.
With an imagination as fiery134 as his native Desert, and an intellect as luminous135 as his native sky, he wanted, like that land, those softening136 dews without which the soil is barren, and the sunbeam as often a messenger of pestilence137 as an angel of regenerative grace.
Such a temperament138, though rare, is peculiar3 to the East. It inspired the founders139 of the great monarchies of antiquity140, the prophets that the Desert has sent forth141, the Tartar chiefs who have overrun the world; it might be observed in the great Corsican, who, like most of the inhabitants of the Mediterranean isles, had probably Arab blood in his veins. It is a temperament that befits conquerors142 and legislators, but, in ordinary times and ordinary situations, entails143 on its possessor only eccentric aberrations144 or profound melancholy145.
The only human quality that interested Sidonia was Intellect. He cared not whence it came; where it was to be found: creed, country, class, character, in this respect, were alike indifferent to him. The author, the artist, the man of science, never appealed to him in vain. Often he anticipated their wants and wishes. He encouraged their society; was as frank in his conversation as he was generous in his contributions; but the instant they ceased to be authors, artists, or philosophers, and their communications arose from anything but the intellectual quality which had originally interested him, the moment they were rash enough to approach intimacy146 and appealed to the sympathising man instead of the congenial intelligence, he saw them no more. It was not however intellect merely in these unquestionable shapes that commanded his notice. There was not an adventurer in Europe with whom he was not familiar. No Minister of State had such communication with secret agents and political spies as Sidonia. He held relations with all the clever outcasts of the world. The catalogue of his acquaintance in the shape of Greeks, Armenians, Moors147, secret Jews, Tartars, Gipsies, wandering Poles and Carbonari, would throw a curious light on those subterranean148 agencies of which the world in general knows so little, but which exercise so great an influence on public events. His extensive travels, his knowledge of languages, his daring and adventurous disposition, and his unlimited149 means, had given him opportunities of becoming acquainted with these characters, in general so difficult to trace, and of gaining their devotion. To these sources he owed that knowledge of strange and hidden things which often startled those who listened to him. Nor was it easy, scarcely possible, to deceive him. Information reached him from so many, and such contrary quarters, that with his discrimination and experience, he could almost instantly distinguish the truth. The secret history of the world was his pastime. His great pleasure was to contrast the hidden motive150, with the public pretext151, of transactions.
One source of interest Sidonia found in his descent and in the fortunes of his race. As firm in his adherence152 to the code of the great Legislator as if the trumpet153 still sounded on Sinai, he might have received in the conviction of divine favour an adequate compensation for human persecution. But there were other and more terrestrial considerations that made Sidonia proud of his origin, and confident in the future of his kind. Sidonia was a great philosopher, who took comprehensive views of human affairs, and surveyed every fact in its relative position to other facts, the only mode of obtaining truth.
Sidonia was well aware that in the five great varieties into which Physiology154 has divided the human species; to wit, the Caucasian, the Mongolian, the Malayan, the American, the Ethiopian; the Arabian tribes rank in the first and superior class, together, among others, with the Saxon and the Greek. This fact alone is a source of great pride and satisfaction to the animal Man. But Sidonia and his brethren could claim a distinction which the Saxon and the Greek, and the rest of the Caucasian nations, have forfeited155. The Hebrew is an unmixed race. Doubtless, among the tribes who inhabit the bosom156 of the Desert, progenitors157 alike of the Mosaic and the Mohammedan Arabs, blood may be found as pure as that of the descendants of the Scheik Abraham. But the Mosaic Arabs are the most ancient, if not the only, unmixed blood that dwells in cities.
An unmixed race of a firstrate organisation are the aristocracy of Nature. Such excellence158 is a positive fact; not an imagination, a ceremony, coined by poets, blazoned159 by cozening heralds160, but perceptible in its physical advantages, and in the vigour of its unsullied idiosyncrasy.
In his comprehensive travels, Sidonia had visited and examined the Hebrew communities of the world. He had found, in general, the lower orders debased; the superior immersed in sordid pursuits; but he perceived that the intellectual development was not impaired161. This gave him hope. He was persuaded that organisation would outlive persecution. When he reflected on what they had endured, it was only marvellous that the race had not disappeared. They had defied exile, massacre162, spoliation, the degrading influence of the constant pursuit of gain; they had defied Time. For nearly three thousand years, according to Archbishop Usher163, they have been dispersed164 over the globe. To the unpolluted current of their Caucasian structure, and to the segregating165 genius of their great Law-giver, Sidonia ascribed the fact that they had not been long ago absorbed among those mixed races, who presume to persecute166 them, but who periodically wear away and disappear, while their victims still flourish in all the primeval vigour of the pure Asian breed.
Shortly after his arrival in England, Sidonia repaired to the principal Courts of Europe, that he might become personally acquainted with the monarchs and ministers of whom he had heard so much. His position insured him a distinguished reception; his personal qualities immediately made him cherished. He could please; he could do more, he could astonish. He could throw out a careless observation which would make the oldest diplomatist start; a winged word that gained him the consideration, sometimes the confidence, of Sovereigns. When he had fathomed167 the intelligence which governs Europe, and which can only be done by personal acquaintance, he returned to this country.
The somewhat hard and literal character of English life suited one who shrank from sensibility, and often took refuge in sarcasm168. Its masculine vigour and active intelligence occupied and interested his mind. Sidonia, indeed, was exactly the character who would be welcomed in our circles. His immense wealth, his unrivalled social knowledge, his clear vigorous intellect, the severe simplicity169 of his manners, frank, but neither claiming nor brooking170 familiarity, and his devotion to field sports, which was the safety-valve of his energy, were all circumstances and qualities which the English appreciate and admire; and it may be fairly said of Sidonia that few men were more popular, and none less understood.
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descended
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| a.为...后裔的，出身于...的 | |
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distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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eminent
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| adj.显赫的，杰出的，有名的，优良的 | |
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paramount
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| a.最重要的，最高权力的 | |
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lust
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| n.性(淫)欲；渴(欲)望；vi.对…有强烈的欲望 | |
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unity
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| n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调 | |
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mosaic
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| n./adj.镶嵌细工的，镶嵌工艺品的，嵌花式的 | |
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ascertain
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| vt.发现，确定，查明，弄清 | |
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monarchies
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| n. 君主政体, 君主国, 君主政治 | |
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vicissitudes
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| n.变迁，世事变化；变迁兴衰( vicissitude的名词复数 )；盛衰兴废 | |
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rife
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| adj.(指坏事情)充斥的，流行的，普遍的 | |
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touching
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| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
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jealousy
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| n.妒忌，嫉妒，猜忌 | |
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tempt
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| vt.引诱，勾引，吸引，引起…的兴趣 | |
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worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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barbarians
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| n.野蛮人( barbarian的名词复数 )；外国人；粗野的人；无教养的人 | |
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promulgated
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| v.宣扬（某事物）( promulgate的过去式和过去分词 )；传播；公布；颁布（法令、新法律等） | |
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persecution
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overthrow
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kinsmen
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| n.家属，亲属( kinsman的名词复数 ) | |
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civilisation
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| n.文明，文化，开化，教化 | |
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plunged
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halcyon
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follower
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votary
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renowned
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moorish
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proprietors
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devoted
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| adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的 | |
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followers
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| 追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件 | |
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scanty
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Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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exterminated
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desolated
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imprisoned
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| 下狱，监禁( imprison的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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countless
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lighter
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| n.打火机，点火器；驳船；v.用驳船运送；light的比较级 | |
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sincerity
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| n.真诚，诚意；真实 | |
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Christians
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| n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 ) | |
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conspiracy
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| n.阴谋，密谋，共谋 | |
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assassinated
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| v.暗杀( assassinate的过去式和过去分词 )；中伤；诋毁；破坏 | |
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43
alas
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| int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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44
organisation
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| n.组织，安排，团体，有机休 | |
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45
doom
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| n.厄运，劫数；v.注定，命定 | |
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46
veins
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| n.纹理；矿脉( vein的名词复数 )；静脉；叶脉；纹理 | |
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47
taint
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| n.污点；感染；腐坏；v.使感染；污染 | |
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48
psalms
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| n.赞美诗( psalm的名词复数 )；圣诗；圣歌；(中的) | |
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49
purged
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| 清除（政敌等）( purge的过去式和过去分词 )； 涤除（罪恶等）； 净化（心灵、风气等）； 消除（错事等）的不良影响 | |
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50
profess
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| v.声称，冒称，以...为业，正式接受入教，表明信仰 | |
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51
industrious
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| adj.勤劳的，刻苦的，奋发的 | |
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52
delightful
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| adj.令人高兴的，使人快乐的 | |
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53
lore
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| n.传说；学问，经验，知识 | |
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54
glutted
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| v.吃得过多( glut的过去式和过去分词 )；（对胃口、欲望等）纵情满足；使厌腻；塞满 | |
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55
confiscated
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| 没收，充公( confiscate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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56
calamity
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| n.灾害，祸患，不幸事件 | |
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57
scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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58
sordid
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| adj.肮脏的，不干净的，卑鄙的，暗淡的 | |
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59
haughty
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| adj.傲慢的，高傲的 | |
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60
suppliant
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|
| adj.哀恳的；n.恳求者，哀求者 | |
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61
banished
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| v.放逐，驱逐( banish的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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62
miserable
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|
| adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的 | |
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63
disorders
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| n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 )；凌乱；骚乱；（身心、机能）失调 | |
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64
adventurous
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| adj.爱冒险的；惊心动魄的，惊险的，刺激的 | |
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65
confide
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| v.向某人吐露秘密 | |
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66
fiscal
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|
| adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的 | |
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67
monetary
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| adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的 | |
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68
professed
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| 公开声称的，伪称的，已立誓信教的 | |
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69
gratitude
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|
| adj.感激，感谢 | |
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70
exhaustion
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|
| n.耗尽枯竭，疲惫，筋疲力尽，竭尽，详尽无遗的论述 | |
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71
prudence
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| n.谨慎，精明，节俭 | |
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72
creditor
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| n.债仅人，债主，贷方 | |
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73
recoiled
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|
| v.畏缩( recoil的过去式和过去分词 )；退缩；报应；返回 | |
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74
literally
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|
| adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实 | |
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75
pawn
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|
| n.典当，抵押，小人物，走卒；v.典当，抵押 | |
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76
monarchs
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| 君主，帝王( monarch的名词复数 ) | |
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77
vigour
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| （=vigor）n.智力，体力，精力 | |
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78
mere
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|
| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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79
relaxation
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|
| n.松弛，放松；休息；消遣；娱乐 | |
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80
exertions
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|
| n.努力( exertion的名词复数 )；费力；（能力、权力等的）运用；行使 | |
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81
procured
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|
| v.（努力）取得， （设法）获得( procure的过去式和过去分词 )；拉皮条 | |
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82
varied
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|
| adj.多样的，多变化的 | |
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83
precocity
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|
| n.早熟，早成 | |
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84
penetrate
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|
| v.透(渗)入；刺入，刺穿；洞察，了解 | |
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85
penetrated
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|
| adj. 击穿的，鞭辟入里的 动词penetrate的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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86
instinctive
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|
| adj.(出于)本能的；直觉的；(出于)天性的 | |
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87
twilight
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| n.暮光，黄昏；暮年，晚期，衰落时期 | |
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88
applied
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|
| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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89
remarkable
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|
| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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90
sonorous
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|
| adj.响亮的，回响的；adv.圆润低沉地；感人地；n.感人，堂皇 | |
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91
syllables
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|
| n.音节( syllable的名词复数 ) | |
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92
resounded
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|
| v.（指声音等）回荡于某处( resound的过去式和过去分词 )；产生回响；（指某处）回荡着声音 | |
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93
thronged
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|
| v.成群，挤满( throng的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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94
mansion
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| n.大厦，大楼；宅第 | |
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95
possessed
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|
| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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96
guardians
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| 监护人( guardian的名词复数 )； 保护者，维护者 | |
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97
accomplished
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|
| adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的 | |
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98
luxurious
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|
| adj.精美而昂贵的；豪华的 | |
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99
instils
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|
| v.逐渐使某人获得（某种可取的品质），逐步灌输( instil的第三人称单数 ) | |
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100
tact
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|
| n.机敏，圆滑，得体 | |
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101
impels
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| v.推动、推进或敦促某人做某事( impel的第三人称单数 ) | |
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102
apparently
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|
| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
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103
strictly
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|
| adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地 | |
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104
paradox
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|
| n.似乎矛盾却正确的说法；自相矛盾的人(物) | |
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105
previously
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|
| adv.以前，先前（地） | |
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106
disposition
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|
| n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署 | |
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107
Mediterranean
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|
| adj.地中海的；地中海沿岸的 | |
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108
isles
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| 岛( isle的名词复数 ) | |
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109
exhausted
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|
| adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的 | |
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110
speculations
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|
| n.投机买卖( speculation的名词复数 )；思考；投机活动；推断 | |
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111
illustrated
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| adj. 有插图的，列举的 动词illustrate的过去式和过去分词 | |
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112
wilderness
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| n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠 | |
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113
creed
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| n.信条；信念，纲领 | |
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114
creeds
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| （尤指宗教）信条，教条( creed的名词复数 ) | |
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115
scrutiny
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|
| n.详细检查，仔细观察 | |
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116
aggregate
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| adj.总计的，集合的；n.总数；v.合计；集合 | |
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117
meditation
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| n.熟虑，（尤指宗教的）默想，沉思，（pl.）冥想录 | |
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118
fathom
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| v.领悟，彻底了解 | |
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119
faculty
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| n.才能；学院，系；(学院或系的)全体教学人员 | |
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120
abstruse
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| adj.深奥的，难解的 | |
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121
boundless
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| adj.无限的；无边无际的；巨大的 | |
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122
athletic
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| adj.擅长运动的，强健的；活跃的，体格健壮的 | |
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123
stimulating
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| adj.有启发性的，能激发人思考的 | |
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124
lone
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| adj.孤寂的，单独的；唯一的 | |
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125
peculiarity
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| n.独特性，特色；特殊的东西；怪癖 | |
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126
susceptible
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| adj.过敏的，敏感的；易动感情的，易受感动的 | |
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127
redeeming
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| 补偿的，弥补的 | |
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128
horde
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| n.群众，一大群 | |
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129
approbation
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| n.称赞；认可 | |
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130
providence
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| n.深谋远虑，天道，天意；远见；节约；上帝 | |
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131
soften
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| v.(使)变柔软；(使)变柔和 | |
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132
perils
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| 极大危险( peril的名词复数 )； 危险的事（或环境） | |
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133
vigilant
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| adj.警觉的，警戒的，警惕的 | |
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134
fiery
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| adj.燃烧着的，火红的；暴躁的；激烈的 | |
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135
luminous
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| adj.发光的，发亮的；光明的；明白易懂的；有启发的 | |
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136
softening
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| 变软，软化 | |
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137
pestilence
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| n.瘟疫 | |
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138
temperament
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| n.气质，性格，性情 | |
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139
founders
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| n.创始人( founder的名词复数 ) | |
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140
antiquity
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| n.古老；高龄；古物，古迹 | |
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141
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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142
conquerors
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| 征服者，占领者( conqueror的名词复数 ) | |
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143
entails
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| 使…成为必要( entail的第三人称单数 )； 需要； 限定继承； 使必需 | |
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144
aberrations
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| n.偏差( aberration的名词复数 )；差错；脱离常规；心理失常 | |
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145
melancholy
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|
| n.忧郁，愁思；adj.令人感伤（沮丧）的，忧郁的 | |
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146
intimacy
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| n.熟悉，亲密，密切关系，亲昵的言行 | |
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147
moors
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| v.停泊，系泊（船只）( moor的第三人称单数 ) | |
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148
subterranean
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| adj.地下的，地表下的 | |
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149
unlimited
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| adj.无限的，不受控制的，无条件的 | |
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150
motive
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| n.动机，目的；adv.发动的，运动的 | |
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151
pretext
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| n.借口，托词 | |
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152
adherence
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| n.信奉，依附，坚持，固着 | |
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153
trumpet
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| n.喇叭，喇叭声；v.吹喇叭，吹嘘 | |
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154
physiology
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| n.生理学，生理机能 | |
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155
forfeited
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| （因违反协议、犯规、受罚等）丧失，失去( forfeit的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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156
bosom
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|
| n.胸，胸部；胸怀；内心；adj.亲密的 | |
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157
progenitors
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| n.祖先( progenitor的名词复数 )；先驱；前辈；原本 | |
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158
excellence
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| n.优秀，杰出，(pl.)优点，美德 | |
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159
blazoned
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| v.广布( blazon的过去式和过去分词 )；宣布；夸示；装饰 | |
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160
heralds
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| n.使者( herald的名词复数 )；预报者；预兆；传令官v.预示( herald的第三人称单数 )；宣布（好或重要） | |
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161
impaired
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|
| adj.受损的；出毛病的；有（身体或智力）缺陷的v.损害，削弱( impair的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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162
massacre
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| n.残杀，大屠杀；v.残杀，集体屠杀 | |
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163
usher
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| n.带位员，招待员；vt.引导，护送；vi.做招待，担任引座员 | |
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164
dispersed
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|
| adj. 被驱散的, 被分散的, 散布的 | |
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165
segregating
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| （使）分开( segregate的现在分词 )； 分离； 隔离； 隔离并区别对待（不同种族、宗教或性别的人） | |
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166
persecute
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|
| vt.迫害，虐待；纠缠，骚扰 | |
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167
fathomed
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| 理解…的真意( fathom的过去式和过去分词 )； 彻底了解； 弄清真相 | |
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168
sarcasm
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| n.讥讽，讽刺，嘲弄，反话 （adj.sarcastic） | |
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169
simplicity
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| n.简单，简易；朴素；直率，单纯 | |
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170
brooking
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| 容忍，忍受（brook的现在分词形式） | |
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