The first act of the new juror was to pay a visit of ceremony to the President Herman, who charmed him by the amiability6 of his conversation and the courtesy of his bearing. A compatriot and friend of Robespierre's, whose sentiments he shared, he showed every sign of a feeling and virtuous8 temper. He was deeply attached to those humane9 sentiments, too long foreign to the heart of our judges, that redound10 to the everlasting11 glory of a Dupaty and a Beccaria. He looked with complacency on the greater mildness of modern manners as evidenced, in judicial12 matters, by the abolition13 of torture and of ignominious14 or cruel forms of punishment. He was rejoiced to see the death penalty, once so recklessly inflicted16 and employed till quite lately for the repression17 of the most trifling18 offences, applied19 less frequently and reserved for heinous20 crimes. For his own part, he agreed with Robespierre and would gladly have seen it abolished altogether, except only in cases touching22 the public safety. At the same time, he would have deemed it treason to the State not to adjudge the punishment of death for crimes against the National Sovereignty.
All his colleagues were of like mind; the old Monarchical23 idea of reasons of State still inspired the Revolutionary Tribunal. Eight centuries of absolute power had moulded the magisterial24 conscience, and it was by the principles of Divine Right that the Court even now tried and sentenced the enemies of Liberty.
The same day évariste Gamelin sought an interview with the Public Prosecutor, the citoyen Fouquier, who received him in the Cabinet where he used to work with his clerk of the court. He was a sturdily built man, with a rough voice, catlike eyes, bearing in his pock-marked face and leaden complexion25 marks of the mischief26 wrought27 by a sedentary and indoor life on a vigorous constitution adapted to the open air and violent exercise. Towering piles of papers shut him in like the walls of a tomb, and it was plain to see he was in his element amid all these dreadful documents that seemed like to bury him alive. His conversation was that of a hard-working magistrate29, a man devoted30 to his task and whose mind never left the narrow groove31 of his official duties. His fiery32 breath reeked33 of the brandy he took to keep up his strength; but the liquor seemed never to fly to his brain, so clear-headed, albeit34 entirely35 commonplace, was every word he uttered.
He lived in a small suite36 of rooms in the Palais de Justice with his young wife, who had given him twin boys. His wife, an aunt Henriette and the maid-servant Pélagie made up the whole household. He was good and kind to these women. In a word, he was an excellent person in his family and professional relations, with a scarcity37 of ideas and a total lack of imagination.
Gamelin could not help being struck unpleasantly by the close resemblance in temper and ways of thought between the new magistrates38 and their predecessors39 under the old régime. In fact, they were of the old régime; Herman had held the office of Advocate General to the Council of Artois; Fouquier was a former Procureur at the Chatelet. They had preserved their character, whereas Gamelin believed in a Revolutionary palingenesis.
Quitting the precincts of the court, he passed along the great gallery of the Palace and halted in front of the shops where articles of every sort and kind were exposed for sale in the most attractive fashion. Standing40 before the citoyenne Ténot's stall, he turned over sundry41 historical, political, and philosophical42 works:—"The Chains of Slavery," "An Essay on Despotism," "The Crimes of Queens." "Very good!" he thought, "here is Republican stuff!" and he asked the woman if she sold a great many of these books. She shook her head:
"The only things that sell are songs and romances,"—and pulling a duodecimo volume out of a drawer:
"Here," she told him, "here we have something good."
Before the next shop he came upon Philippe Desmahis, who, with a tender, conquering-hero air, among the citoyenne Saint-Jorre's perfumes and powders and sachets, was assuring the fair tradeswoman of his undying love, promising44 to paint her portrait and begging her to vouchsafe45 him a moment's talk that evening in the Tuileries gardens. There was no resisting him; persuasion46 sat on his lips and beamed from his eye. The citoyenne Saint-Jorre was listening without a word, her eyes on the ground, only too ready to believe him.
Wishing to familiarize himself with the awful duties imposed on him, the new juror resolved to mingle47 with the throng48 and look on at a case before the Tribunal as a member of the general public. He climbed the great stairs on which a vast crowd was seated as in an amphitheatre and pushed his way into the ancient Hall of the Parlement of Paris.
This was crammed49 to suffocation50; some General or other was taking his trial. For in those days, as old Brotteaux put it, "the Convention, copying the example of His Britannic Majesty's Government, made a point of arraigning51 beaten Generals, in default of traitorous52 Generals, the latter taking good care not to stand their trial. Not that a beaten General," Brotteaux would add, "is necessarily criminal, for in the nature of things there must be one in every battle. But there's nothing like condemning53 a General to death for giving encouragement to others."
Several had already appeared before the Tribunal; they were all alike, these empty-headed, opinionated soldiers with the brains of a sparrow in an ox's skull54. This particular commander was pretty nearly as ignorant of the sieges and battles of his own campaign as the magistrates who were questioning him; both sides, prosecution55 and defence, were lost in a fog of effectives, objectives, munitions56 and ammunitions, marches and counter-marches. But the mass of citizens listening to these obscure and never-ending details could see behind the half-witted soldier the bare and bleeding breast of the fatherland enduring a thousand deaths; and by look and voice urged the jurymen, sitting quietly on their bench, to use their verdict as a club to fell the foes57 of the Republic.
évariste was firmly convinced of one thing,—what they had to strike at in the pitiful creature was the two dread28 monsters that were battening on the fatherland, revolt and defeat. What a to-do to discover if this particular soldier was innocent or guilty! When La Vendée was recovering heart, when Toulon was surrendering to the enemy, when the army of the Rhine was recoiling58 before the victors of Mayence, when the Army of the North, cowering59 in C?sar's Camp, might be taken at a blow by the Imperialists, the English, the Dutch, now masters of Valenciennes, the one important thing was to teach the Generals of the Republic to conquer or to die. To see yonder feeble-witted muddle-pated veteran losing himself under cross-examination among his maps as he had done before in the plains of Northern France, Gamelin longed to yell "death! death!" with the rest, and fled from the Hall of Audience to escape the temptation.
At the meeting of the Section, the newly appointed juryman received the congratulations of the President Olivier, who made him swear on the old high altar of the Barnabites, now altar of the fatherland, to stifle60 in his heart, in the sacred name of humanity, every human weakness.
Gamelin, with uplifted right hand, invoked61 as witness of his oath the august shade of Marat, martyr62 of Liberty, whose bust63 had lately been set up against a pillar of the erstwhile church, facing that of Le Peltier.
There was some applause, interrupted by cries of protest. The meeting was a stormy one; at the entrance of the nave64 stood a group of members of the Section, armed with pikes and shouting clamorously:
"It is anti-republican," declared the President, "to carry arms at a meeting of free citizens,"—and he ordered the muskets65 and pikes to be deposited there and then in the erstwhile sacristy.
A hunchback, with blazing eyes and lips drawn66 back so as to show the teeth, the citoyen Beauvisage, of the Committee of Vigilance, mounted to the pulpit, now become the speakers' tribune and surmounted67 by a red cap of liberty.
"The Generals are betraying us," he vociferated, "and surrendering our armies to the enemy. The Imperialists are pushing forward their cavalry68 around Péronne and Saint-Quentin. Toulon has been given up to the English, who are landing fourteen thousand men there. The foes of the Republic are busy with plots in the very bosom69 of the Convention. In the capital conspiracies without number are afoot to deliver the Austrian. At this very moment while I speak there runs a rumour70 that the Capet brat71 has escaped from the Temple and is being borne in triumph to Saint-Cloud by those who would fain re-erect the tyrant's throne in his favour. The dearness of food, the depreciation72 of the assignats are the direct result of man?uvres carried out in our own homes, beneath our very eyes, by the agents of the foreigners. In the name of public safety I call upon the new juryman, our fellow-citizen, to show no pity to conspirators73 and traitors74."
As he left the tribune, cries rose among the audience: "Down with the Revolutionary Tribunal! Down with the Moderates!"
A stout75, rosy-faced man, the citoyen Dupont senior, a joiner living in the Place de Thionville, mounted the Tribune, announcing that he wished to ask a question of the new juror. Then he demanded of Gamelin what attitude he meant to take up in the matter of the Brissotins and of the widow Capet.
évariste was timid and unpractised in public speaking. But indignation gave him eloquence76. He rose with a pale face and said in a voice of suppressed emotion:
"I am a magistrate. I am responsible to my conscience only. Any promise I might make you would be against my duty, which is to speak in the Court and hold my peace elsewhere. I have ceased to know you. It is mine to give judgment77; I know neither friends nor enemies."
The meeting, made up like all meetings of divers78 elements and subject to sudden and incalculable moods, approved these sentiments. But the citoyen Dupont returned to the charge; he could not forgive Gamelin for having secured a post he had coveted79 himself.
"I understand," he said, "I even approve the juror's scruples80. They say he is a patriot7; it is for him to examine his conscience and see if it permits him to sit on a tribunal intended to destroy the enemies of the Republic and resolved to spare them. There are circumstances in which a good citizen is bound to repudiate81 all complicity. Is it not averred82 that more than one juror of this tribunal has let himself be corrupted83 by the gold of the accused, and that the President Montané falsified the procedure to save the head of the woman Corday?"
At the words the hall resounded84 with vehement85 applause. The vaults86 were still reverberating87 with the uproar88 when Fortuné Trubert mounted the tribune. He had grown thinner than ever in the last few months. His face was pale and the cheek-bones seemed ready to pierce the reddened skin; his eyes had a glassy look under the inflamed89 lids.
"Citoyens," he began, in a weak, breathless voice that yet had a strangely penetrating90 quality, "we cannot suspect the Revolutionary Tribunal without at the same time suspecting the Convention and the Committee of Public Safety from which it derives91 its powers. The citoyen Beauvisage has alarmed us, showing us the President Montané tampering92 with the course of justice in favour of a culprit. Why did he not add, to relieve our fears, that on the denunciation of the Public Prosecutor, Montané has been dismissed his office and thrown into prison?... Is it impossible to watch over the public safety without casting suspicion on all and sundry? Is there no talent, no virtue93 left in the Convention? Robespierre, Couthon, Saint-Just, are not these honest men? It is a notable thing that the most violent language is held by individuals who have never been known to fight for the Republic. They could speak no otherwise if they wish to render her hateful. Citoyens, less talk, say I, and more work! It is with shot and shell and not with shouting that France will be saved. One-half the cellars of the Section have not been dug up. Not a few citizens still hold considerable quantities of bronze. We would remind the rich that patriotic94 gifts are for them the most potent95 guarantees. I recommend to your generosity96 the wives and daughters of our soldiers who are covering themselves with glory on the frontiers and on the Loire. One of these, the hussar Pommier (Augustin), formerly97 a cellarman's lad in the Rue15 de Jérusalem, on the 10th of last month, before Condé, when watering the troop horses, was set upon by six Austrian cavalrymen; he killed two of them and brought in the others prisoners. I ask the Section to declare that Pommier (Augustin) has done his duty."
Left alone in the nave with Trubert, Gamelin pressed the latter's hand.
"Thank you. How are you?"
"I? Oh! Very well, very well!" replied Trubert, coughing and spitting blood into his handkerchief. "The Republic has many enemies without and within, and our own Section counts a not inconsiderable number of them. It is not with loud talk but with iron and laws that empires are founded ... good night, Gamelin; I have letters to write."
And he disappeared, his handkerchief pressed to his lips, into the old-time sacristy.
The widow Gamelin, her cockade now and henceforth fastened more carefully in her hood99, had from one day to the next assumed a fine, consequential100 air, a Republican haughtiness101 and the dignified102 carriage suitable to the mother of a juror of the State.
The veneration103 for the law in which she had been brought up, the admiration104 with which the magistrate's gown and cassock had from a child inspired her, the holy terror she had always experienced at sight of those to whom God had delegated on earth His divine right of life and death, these feelings made her regard as an august and worshipful and holy being the son whom till yesterday she had thought of as little more than a child. To her simple mind the conviction of the continuity of justice through all the changes of the Revolution was as strong as was that of the legislators of the Convention regarding the continuity of the State under varying systems of government, and the Revolutionary Tribunal appeared to her every whit105 as majestic106 as any of the time-honoured jurisdictions107 she had been taught to revere108.
The citoyen Brotteaux showed the young magistrate an interest mingled109 with surprise and a reluctant deference110. His views were the same as the widow Gamelin's as to the continuity of justice under successive governments; but, in flat contradiction to that good lady's attitude, his scorn for the Revolutionary Tribunals was on a par21 with his contempt for the courts of the ancien régime. Not daring to express his opinions openly and unable to make up his mind to say nothing, he indulged in a string of paradoxes111 which Gamelin understood just well enough to suspect the anti-patriotism that underlay112 them.
"The august tribunal whereon you are soon to take your seat," he told him on one occasion, "was instituted by the French Senate for the security of the Republic; and it was for certain a magnanimous thought on the part of our legislators to set up a court to try our enemies. I appreciate its generosity, but I doubt its wisdom. It would have shown greater astuteness113, it seems to me, if they had struck down in the dark the more irreconcilable114 of their adversaries115 and won over the rest by gifts and promises. A tribunal strikes slowly and effects more harm than it inspires fear; its first duty is to make an example. The mischief yours does is to unite together all whom it terrifies and make out of a mass of contradictory116 interests and passions a great party capable of common and effective action. You sow fear broadcast, and it is terror more than courage that produces heroes; I pray, citoyen, you may not one day see prodigies117 of terror arrayed against you!"
The engraver118 Desmahis, in love that week with a light o' love of the Palais-égalité named Flora119, a brown-locked giantess, had nevertheless found five minutes to congratulate his comrade and tell him that such an appointment was a great compliment to the fine arts.
élodie herself, though without knowing it she detested120 everything revolutionary and who dreaded121 official functions as the most dangerous of rivals, the most likely to estrange122 her lover's affections, the tender élodie was impressed by the glamour123 attaching to a magistrate called upon to pronounce judgment in matters of life and death. Besides which, évariste's promotion124 as a juryman was followed by other fortunate results that filled her loving heart with satisfaction; the citoyen Jean Blaise made a point of calling at the studio in the Place de Thionville and embraced the young juror affectionately in a burst of manly125 sympathy.
Like all the anti-revolutionaries, he had a great respect for the authorities established by the Republic, and ever since he had been denounced for fraud in connection with his supplies for the army, the Revolutionary Tribunal had inspired him with a wholesome126 dread. He felt himself to be a person too much in the public eye and mixed up in too many transactions to enjoy perfect security; so the citoyen Gamelin struck him as a friend worth cultivating. When all was said, one was a good citizen and on the side of justice.
He gave the painter magistrate his hand, declaring himself his true friend and a true patriot, a well-wisher of the arts and of liberty. Gamelin forgot his injuries and pressed the hand so generously offered.
"Citoyen évariste Gamelin," said Jean Blaise, "I appeal to you as a friend and as a man of talent. I am going to take you to-morrow for two days' jaunt127 in the country; you can do some drawing and we can enjoy a talk."
Several times every year the print-dealer was in the habit of making a two or three days' expedition of this sort in the company of artists who made drawings, according to his suggestions, of landscapes and ruins. He was quick to see what would please the public and these little journeys always resulted in some picturesque128 bits which were then finished at home and cleverly engraved129; prints in red or colours were struck off from these, and brought in a good profit to the citoyen Blaise. From the same sketches130 he had over-doors and panels executed, which sold as well or better than the decorative132 works of Hubert Robert.
On this occasion he had invited the citoyen Gamelin to accompany him to sketch131 buildings after nature, so much had the juror's office increased the painter's importance in his eyes. Two other artists were of the party, the engraver Desmahis, who drew well, and an almost unknown man, Philippe Dubois, an excellent designer in the style of Robert. According to custom, the citoyenne élodie with her friend the citoyenne Hasard accompanied the artists. Jean Blaise, an adept133 at combining pleasure with profit, had also extended an invitation to the citoyenne Thévenin, an actress at the Vaudeville134, who was reputed to be on the best of terms with him.
点击收听单词发音
1 subdivided | |
再分,细分( subdivide的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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2 overflowing | |
n. 溢出物,溢流 adj. 充沛的,充满的 动词overflow的现在分词形式 | |
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3 prosecutor | |
n.起诉人;检察官,公诉人 | |
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4 conspiracies | |
n.阴谋,密谋( conspiracy的名词复数 ) | |
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5 panacea | |
n.万灵药;治百病的灵药 | |
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6 amiability | |
n.和蔼可亲的,亲切的,友善的 | |
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7 patriot | |
n.爱国者,爱国主义者 | |
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8 virtuous | |
adj.有品德的,善良的,贞洁的,有效力的 | |
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9 humane | |
adj.人道的,富有同情心的 | |
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10 redound | |
v.有助于;提;报应 | |
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11 everlasting | |
adj.永恒的,持久的,无止境的 | |
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12 judicial | |
adj.司法的,法庭的,审判的,明断的,公正的 | |
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13 abolition | |
n.废除,取消 | |
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14 ignominious | |
adj.可鄙的,不光彩的,耻辱的 | |
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15 rue | |
n.懊悔,芸香,后悔;v.后悔,悲伤,懊悔 | |
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16 inflicted | |
把…强加给,使承受,遭受( inflict的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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17 repression | |
n.镇压,抑制,抑压 | |
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18 trifling | |
adj.微不足道的;没什么价值的 | |
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19 applied | |
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用 | |
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20 heinous | |
adj.可憎的,十恶不赦的 | |
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21 par | |
n.标准,票面价值,平均数量;adj.票面的,平常的,标准的 | |
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22 touching | |
adj.动人的,使人感伤的 | |
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23 monarchical | |
adj. 国王的,帝王的,君主的,拥护君主制的 =monarchic | |
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24 magisterial | |
adj.威风的,有权威的;adv.威严地 | |
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n.肤色;情况,局面;气质,性格 | |
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26 mischief | |
n.损害,伤害,危害;恶作剧,捣蛋,胡闹 | |
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27 wrought | |
v.引起;以…原料制作;运转;adj.制造的 | |
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28 dread | |
vt.担忧,忧虑;惧怕,不敢;n.担忧,畏惧 | |
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29 magistrate | |
n.地方行政官,地方法官,治安官 | |
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30 devoted | |
adj.忠诚的,忠实的,热心的,献身于...的 | |
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31 groove | |
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32 fiery | |
adj.燃烧着的,火红的;暴躁的;激烈的 | |
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33 reeked | |
v.发出浓烈的臭气( reek的过去式和过去分词 );散发臭气;发出难闻的气味 (of sth);明显带有(令人不快或生疑的跡象) | |
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34 albeit | |
conj.即使;纵使;虽然 | |
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35 entirely | |
ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地 | |
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36 suite | |
n.一套(家具);套房;随从人员 | |
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37 scarcity | |
n.缺乏,不足,萧条 | |
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38 magistrates | |
地方法官,治安官( magistrate的名词复数 ) | |
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39 predecessors | |
n.前任( predecessor的名词复数 );前辈;(被取代的)原有事物;前身 | |
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n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的 | |
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42 philosophical | |
adj.哲学家的,哲学上的,达观的 | |
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44 promising | |
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45 vouchsafe | |
v.惠予,准许 | |
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46 persuasion | |
n.劝说;说服;持有某种信仰的宗派 | |
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47 mingle | |
vt.使混合,使相混;vi.混合起来;相交往 | |
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48 throng | |
n.人群,群众;v.拥挤,群集 | |
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50 suffocation | |
n.窒息 | |
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51 arraigning | |
v.告发( arraign的现在分词 );控告;传讯;指责 | |
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52 traitorous | |
adj. 叛国的, 不忠的, 背信弃义的 | |
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53 condemning | |
v.(通常因道义上的原因而)谴责( condemn的现在分词 );宣判;宣布…不能使用;迫使…陷于不幸的境地 | |
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54 skull | |
n.头骨;颅骨 | |
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55 prosecution | |
n.起诉,告发,检举,执行,经营 | |
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56 munitions | |
n.军火,弹药;v.供应…军需品 | |
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57 foes | |
敌人,仇敌( foe的名词复数 ) | |
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58 recoiling | |
v.畏缩( recoil的现在分词 );退缩;报应;返回 | |
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59 cowering | |
v.畏缩,抖缩( cower的现在分词 ) | |
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60 stifle | |
vt.使窒息;闷死;扼杀;抑止,阻止 | |
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61 invoked | |
v.援引( invoke的过去式和过去分词 );行使(权利等);祈求救助;恳求 | |
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62 martyr | |
n.烈士,殉难者;vt.杀害,折磨,牺牲 | |
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63 bust | |
vt.打破;vi.爆裂;n.半身像;胸部 | |
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64 nave | |
n.教堂的中部;本堂 | |
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65 muskets | |
n.火枪,(尤指)滑膛枪( musket的名词复数 ) | |
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66 drawn | |
v.拖,拉,拔出;adj.憔悴的,紧张的 | |
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67 surmounted | |
战胜( surmount的过去式和过去分词 ); 克服(困难); 居于…之上; 在…顶上 | |
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68 cavalry | |
n.骑兵;轻装甲部队 | |
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69 bosom | |
n.胸,胸部;胸怀;内心;adj.亲密的 | |
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70 rumour | |
n.谣言,谣传,传闻 | |
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71 brat | |
n.孩子;顽童 | |
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72 depreciation | |
n.价值低落,贬值,蔑视,贬低 | |
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73 conspirators | |
n.共谋者,阴谋家( conspirator的名词复数 ) | |
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74 traitors | |
卖国贼( traitor的名词复数 ); 叛徒; 背叛者; 背信弃义的人 | |
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76 eloquence | |
n.雄辩;口才,修辞 | |
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77 judgment | |
n.审判;判断力,识别力,看法,意见 | |
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78 divers | |
adj.不同的;种种的 | |
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79 coveted | |
adj.令人垂涎的;垂涎的,梦寐以求的v.贪求,觊觎(covet的过去分词);垂涎;贪图 | |
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80 scruples | |
n.良心上的不安( scruple的名词复数 );顾虑,顾忌v.感到于心不安,有顾忌( scruple的第三人称单数 ) | |
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81 repudiate | |
v.拒绝,拒付,拒绝履行 | |
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82 averred | |
v.断言( aver的过去式和过去分词 );证实;证明…属实;作为事实提出 | |
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83 corrupted | |
(使)败坏( corrupt的过去式和过去分词 ); (使)腐化; 引起(计算机文件等的)错误; 破坏 | |
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84 resounded | |
v.(指声音等)回荡于某处( resound的过去式和过去分词 );产生回响;(指某处)回荡着声音 | |
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85 vehement | |
adj.感情强烈的;热烈的;(人)有强烈感情的 | |
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86 vaults | |
n.拱顶( vault的名词复数 );地下室;撑物跳高;墓穴 | |
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87 reverberating | |
回响,回荡( reverberate的现在分词 ); 使反响,使回荡,使反射 | |
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88 uproar | |
n.骚动,喧嚣,鼎沸 | |
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89 inflamed | |
adj.发炎的,红肿的v.(使)变红,发怒,过热( inflame的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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90 penetrating | |
adj.(声音)响亮的,尖锐的adj.(气味)刺激的adj.(思想)敏锐的,有洞察力的 | |
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91 derives | |
v.得到( derive的第三人称单数 );(从…中)得到获得;源于;(从…中)提取 | |
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92 tampering | |
v.窜改( tamper的现在分词 );篡改;(用不正当手段)影响;瞎摆弄 | |
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93 virtue | |
n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力 | |
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94 patriotic | |
adj.爱国的,有爱国心的 | |
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95 potent | |
adj.强有力的,有权势的;有效力的 | |
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96 generosity | |
n.大度,慷慨,慷慨的行为 | |
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97 formerly | |
adv.从前,以前 | |
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98 dispersed | |
adj. 被驱散的, 被分散的, 散布的 | |
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99 hood | |
n.头巾,兜帽,覆盖;v.罩上,以头巾覆盖 | |
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100 consequential | |
adj.作为结果的,间接的;重要的 | |
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101 haughtiness | |
n.傲慢;傲气 | |
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102 dignified | |
a.可敬的,高贵的 | |
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103 veneration | |
n.尊敬,崇拜 | |
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104 admiration | |
n.钦佩,赞美,羡慕 | |
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105 whit | |
n.一点,丝毫 | |
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106 majestic | |
adj.雄伟的,壮丽的,庄严的,威严的,崇高的 | |
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107 jurisdictions | |
司法权( jurisdiction的名词复数 ); 裁判权; 管辖区域; 管辖范围 | |
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108 revere | |
vt.尊崇,崇敬,敬畏 | |
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109 mingled | |
混合,混入( mingle的过去式和过去分词 ); 混进,与…交往[联系] | |
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110 deference | |
n.尊重,顺从;敬意 | |
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111 paradoxes | |
n.似非而是的隽语,看似矛盾而实际却可能正确的说法( paradox的名词复数 );用于语言文学中的上述隽语;有矛盾特点的人[事物,情况] | |
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112 underlay | |
v.位于或存在于(某物)之下( underlie的过去式 );构成…的基础(或起因),引起n.衬垫物 | |
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113 astuteness | |
n.敏锐;精明;机敏 | |
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114 irreconcilable | |
adj.(指人)难和解的,势不两立的 | |
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115 adversaries | |
n.对手,敌手( adversary的名词复数 ) | |
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116 contradictory | |
adj.反驳的,反对的,抗辩的;n.正反对,矛盾对立 | |
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117 prodigies | |
n.奇才,天才(尤指神童)( prodigy的名词复数 ) | |
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118 engraver | |
n.雕刻师,雕工 | |
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119 flora | |
n.(某一地区的)植物群 | |
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120 detested | |
v.憎恶,嫌恶,痛恨( detest的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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121 dreaded | |
adj.令人畏惧的;害怕的v.害怕,恐惧,担心( dread的过去式和过去分词) | |
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122 estrange | |
v.使疏远,离间,使离开 | |
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123 glamour | |
n.魔力,魅力;vt.迷住 | |
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124 promotion | |
n.提升,晋级;促销,宣传 | |
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125 manly | |
adj.有男子气概的;adv.男子般地,果断地 | |
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126 wholesome | |
adj.适合;卫生的;有益健康的;显示身心健康的 | |
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127 jaunt | |
v.短程旅游;n.游览 | |
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128 picturesque | |
adj.美丽如画的,(语言)生动的,绘声绘色的 | |
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129 engraved | |
v.在(硬物)上雕刻(字,画等)( engrave的过去式和过去分词 );将某事物深深印在(记忆或头脑中) | |
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130 sketches | |
n.草图( sketch的名词复数 );素描;速写;梗概 | |
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131 sketch | |
n.草图;梗概;素描;v.素描;概述 | |
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132 decorative | |
adj.装饰的,可作装饰的 | |
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133 adept | |
adj.老练的,精通的 | |
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134 vaudeville | |
n.歌舞杂耍表演 | |
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