"Soon after the tournament we began to fight again with Scotland. For some years we had had peace with that country, and under the regency a marriage was made between David, King of Scotland, son of Robert the Bruce, with the Princess Joan, sister to our king, and a four years' truce2 was agreed to."
"But why should we always be fighting with Scotland?" Walter asked.
"That is more than I can tell you, Walter. We were peaceful enough with them until the days of Edward I.; but he set up some claim to the throne of Scotland, the rights of which neither I nor any one else, so far as I know, have ever been able to make out. The fact was he was strong, and thought that he could conquer Scotland. The quarrels between her nobles—most of them were allied4 by blood with our own and held possessions in both kingdoms—gave Edward an excuse to interfere5. Scotland was conquered easily enough, but[Pg 73] it was a hard task to hold it. Sir William Wallace kept the country in a turmoil6 for many years, being joined by all the common people. He inflicted7 one heavy defeat upon us at Stirling, but receiving no support from the nobles he was defeated at Falkirk, and some years afterward8 was captured and executed here. His head you may see any day over London Bridge. As he fought only for his country and had ever refused allegiance to our king, it seems to me that his fate was a cruel one. Then, when all appeared quiet, Robert Bruce raised Scotland again and was crowned king. There was war for many years, but at last, at Bannockburn, he inflicted such a defeat upon us as we have never had before. After that there were skirmishes and excursions, but Edward II. was a weak prince, and it seemed that the marriage of David and the Princess Joan would bring about a permanent peace between the two countries; but it was not to be so.
"Many of the English nobles held claims by marriage or grants upon lands in Scotland. They had, of course, been driven from these when the English were turned out by Bruce. By the terms of the marriage treaty in 1328 it was agreed that they should be reinstated. It was a foolish clause, because it was plain that the King of Scotland could not take these lands again from the Scotch9 nobles who had possession of them, many of them being well-nigh as powerful as himself. At this time Edward Baliol, son of the great rival of Robert Bruce, was in England. He still claimed the throne[Pg 74] of Scotland as his right. Round him gathered a number of the English nobles who claimed lands in Scotland. The king offered no hindrance10 to the gathering11 of this force, for I doubt not that he was glad to see dissension in Scotland, which might give him some such pretext12 for interference as that which Edward I. had seized to possess himself of that country. At first Baliol was successful and was crowned at Scone13, but he was presently defeated and driven out of Scotland. The Scots now made an eruption14 across the frontier as a retaliation15 for Edward's having permitted Baliol to gather a force here for his war against Bruce. King Edward was on the point of starting for Ireland, and he at once hastened north. He defeated the Scots at Halidon Hill, captured Berwick, and placed Baliol upon the throne. Bruce fled to France, where he was supported and encouraged by the French king.
"The ill-feeling between Edward and Philip of Valois had gone on increasing ever since the former had been compelled to take the oath of allegiance to the latter, but outwardly the guise16 of friendship was kept up, and negotiations17 went on between the two courts for a marriage between the little Prince of Wales and Joanna, daughter of the French king.
"The aid which Philip gave to Bruce increased the bad feeling, and Edward retaliated18 for Philip's patronage19 of Bruce by receiving with the greatest honor and courtesy Robert of Artois, a great feuda[Pg 75]tory of France, who had been banished20 by King Philip. For a time, although both countries were preparing for war, peace was not broken, as Edward's hands were full in Scotland, where Baliol having bestowed21 immense possessions upon the English nobles who had assisted him, the country again rose in favor of Bruce. During the three years that followed King Edward was obliged several times to go to Scotland to support Baliol, who held the crown as his feudal22 vassal23. He was always successful in the field, but directly his army recrossed the frontier the Scotch rose again. In 1330 a new crusade was preached, and in October of that year King Philip solemnly received the cross and collected an immense army nominally24 for the recovery of Jerusalem. Whether his intentions were honest or not I cannot say, but certainly King Edward considered that Philip's real aim in creating so great an army was to attack England. Whether this was so or not would need a wiser head than mine, Walter, to tell. Certainly Philip of Valois invited Edward to co?perate with him in the crusade. The king in reply stated his belief that the preparations were intended for war in Europe rather than in Asia; but that if the King of France would agree to conclude a firm league of amity25 between the two countries, to restore the castles and towns of Aquitaine, whose surrender had been frequently promised, but never carried out, and would bind26 himself by oath to give no assistance, direct or indirect, to Scotland, he would join him in his war for the delivery of the Holy Land.[Pg 76]
"I must say that King Edward's demands were reasonable, for it was clear that he could not march away from England with his whole force and leave Baliol unsupported against the assaults of his Scotch enemies, aided by France. Philip was willing to accede27 to the first two conditions; but in regard to the third positively28 declined treating until David Bruce should be restored to the throne of his father. Now, had the French king openly supported Bruce from the first, none could have said that his conduct in befriending a dethroned monarch29 was aught but noble and generous; but he had all along answered Edward's complaints of the aid afforded by Frenchmen to the Bruce by denials that he himself supported him; and this declaration in his favor now certainly seemed to show that he had at last determined30 openly to throw off the veil, and that his great army was really collected against England. Robert of Artois craftily31 seized a moment when the king's indignation against Philip was at the highest. At a great banquet held by King Edward, at which all his warlike nobles were present, Robert entered, preceded by two noble maidens32 carrying a heron, which, as you know, Walter, is considered the most cowardly of birds. Then in loud tones he called upon the knights34 present each to swear on the bird to perform some deed of chivalrous35 daring. First he presented it to King Edward himself, giving him to understand that he regarded him but as little braver than the heron for resigning without a blow the fair heritage of France.[Pg 77]
"The moment was well chosen, for Edward was smarting under the answer he had just received from Philip. He at once rose and took an oath to enter France in arms; to wait there a month in order to give Philip time to offer him battle, and to accept the combat, even should the French outnumber him ten to one. Every knight33 present followed the example of the king, and so the war with France, which had been for years a mere36 question of time, was at last suddenly decided37 upon. You yourself, Walter, can remember the preparations which were made throughout England: men were enrolled38 and arms prepared. We armorers were busy night and day, and every man felt that his own honor, as well as that of the country, was concerned in winning for King Edward the heritage of which he had been unlawfully robbed by the King of France.
"On the 17th of March, 1337, at the parliament at Westminster, the king created the little prince, then seven years of age, Duke of Cornwall; and the prince immediately, in exercise of his new dignity, bestowed upon twenty of the most distinguished40 aspirants41 the honor of knighthood. Immense supplies were voted by the parliaments held at Nottingham, Westminster, and Northampton. Half the wool shorn in the summer following was granted to the king, with a variety of other taxes, customs, and duties. The revenues of all the foreign priories in England, a hundred and ten in number, were appropriated to the crown. Provisions of bacon,[Pg 78] wheat, and oats were granted, and the king pawned43 his own jewels, and even the crown itself, to hire soldiers and purchase him allies on the Continent. So great did the scarcity44 of money become in the country that all goods fell to less than half their value. Thus a vast army was raised, and with this King Edward prepared to try his strength with France.
"Philip on his part was making great preparations. While Edward had purchased the assistance of many of the German nobles Philip raised large armaments in the maritime45 states of Italy. Spain also contributed a number of naval46 adventurers, and squadrons were fitted out by his vassals47 on the sea-coasts of Normandy, Brittany, and Picardy. King Edward had crossed over into Belgium, and after vast delays in consequence of the slowness of the German allies, at last prepared to enter France at the end of September, 1339. Such, my lad, is the story, as far as I know, of the beginning of that war with France which is now raging, and whose events you know as well as I do, seeing that they are all of late occurrence. So far, although the English have had the best of it, and have sorely mauled the French both in the north and south, we have not gained any such advantages as would lead to a belief that there is any likelihood of an early termination, or that King Edward will succeed for a long time in winning back his inheritance of the throne of France.
"There is no doubt that the war weighs heavily[Pg 79] upon the people at large. The taxes are doubled, and the drain of men is heavy. We armorers, of course, have a busy time of it, and all trades which have to do with the furnishing of an army flourish exceedingly. Moreover, men of metal and valor48 have an opportunity of showing what they are composed of, and England rings with the tales of martial49 deeds. There are some, Walter, who think that peace is the greatest of blessings50, and in some ways, lad, they are no doubt right; but there are many compensations in war. It brings out the noble qualities; it raises men to think that valor and fortitude51 and endurance and honor are qualities which are something above the mere huckstering desire for getting money, and for ignoble52 ease and comfort. Some day it may be that the world will change, and that war may become a thing of the past; but to my mind, boy, I doubt whether men will be any happier or better for it. The priests, no doubt, would tell you otherwise; but then you see I am an armorer, and so perhaps am hardly a fair judge on the matter, seeing that without wars my craft would come to an end."
Walter remained in thought for some time. "It seems to me, Master Geoffrey, that while wars may suit strong and courageous53 men, women would rejoice were such things to be at an end."
"Women suffer most from wars, no doubt," Geoffrey said, "and yet do you mark that they are more stirred by deeds of valor and chivalry54 than are we men; that they are ever ready to bestow[Pg 80] their love upon those who have won honor and glory in war, even although the next battle may leave them widows. This has been always somewhat of a marvel55 to me; but I suppose that it is human nature, and that admiration56 for deeds of valor and bravery is ingrained in the heart of man, and will continue until such times come that the desire for wealth, which is ever on the increase, has so seized all men that they will look with distaste upon everything which can interfere with the making of money, and will regard the man who amasses57 gold by trading as a higher type than he who does valiant58 deeds in battle."
"Surely that can never be," Walter said indignantly.
"There is no saying," the armorer answered; "at any rate, Walter, it will matter little to you or to me, for many generations must pass before such a state of things can come about."
Two days later Walter, who had been across into the city, returned in a state of excitement.
"What do you think, Geoffrey? The king, with the Prince of Wales and all his court, are coming to the games next month. They say that the king himself will adjudge the prizes, and there is to be a grand assault-at-arms between ten of the 'prentices with a captain, and an equal number of sons of nobles and knights."
"That will be rare," Geoffrey Ward3 exclaimed; "but there will be some broken limbs, and maybe worse. These assaults-at-arms seldom end without[Pg 81] two or three being killed. However, you youngsters will not hit as hard as trained knights; and if the armor be good, no great damage should be done."
"Do you think that I shall be one of the ten?" Walter asked anxiously.
"Just as if you did not know you would," Geoffrey replied, laughing. "Did you not win the prize for sword-play last year? and twelve months have added much to the strength of your arm, to say nothing of your skill with weapons. If you win this year again—and it will be strange if you do not—you are like enough to be chosen captain. You will have tough fighting, I can tell you, for all these young aspirants to knighthood will do their best to show themselves off before the king and queen. The fight is not to take place on horseback, I hope; for if so, it will be settled as soon as it begins."
"No, it is to be on foot; and the king himself is to give orders as to the fighting."
"You had best get out that helmet and coat of mail of yours," Geoffrey said. "I warrant me that there will be none of finer make or truer metal in the tourney, seeing that I made them specially59 for you. They are light, and yet strong enough to withstand a blow from the strongest arm. I tried them hard, and will warrant them proof, but you had best see to the rivets60 and fastenings. They had a rough handling last year, and you have not worn them since. There are some other pieces that I must put in hand at once, seeing that in such a mêlée you must be covered from head to foot."[Pg 82]
For the next week nothing was talked of in London but the approaching sports, and the workmen were already engaged in the erection of the lists and pavilions in the fields between the walls and Westminster. It was reported that the king would add valuable prizes to those given to the winners by the city, that there would be jousting61 on horseback by the sons of the court nobles, and that the young Prince of Wales would himself ride.
The king had once before taken part in the city sports, and with ten of the citizens had held his own against an equal number of knights. This was at the commencement of his reign42; but the accident to the queen's stand had so angered him that he had not again been present at the sports, and his reappearance now was considered to be an act of approval of the efforts which the city had made to aid him in the war, and as an introduction of the young prince to the citizens.
When the day arrived there was a general flocking out of the citizens to the lists. The scene was a picturesque62 one; the weather was bright and warm; the fields were green; and Westminster, as well as London, sent out large numbers to the scene. The citizens were all in their best; their garments were for the most part of sober colors—russet, murrey, brown, and gray. Some, indeed, of the younger and wealthier merchants adopted somewhat of the fashion of the court, wearing their shoes long and pointed63 and their garments parti-colored. The line of division was down the center of the body[Pg 83] one leg, arm, and half the body would be blue, the other half russet or brown. The ladies' dresses were similarly divided. Mingling64 with the citizens, as they strolled to and fro upon the sward, were the courtiers. These wore the brightest colors, and their shoes were so long that the points were looped up to the knees with little gold chains to enable them to walk. The ladies wore head-dresses of prodigious65 height, culminating in two points; and from these fell, sweeping66 to the ground, streamers of silk or lighter67 material. Cloths of gold and silver, rich furs, silks, and velvets were worn both by men and women.
None who saw the nobles of the court walking in garments so tight that they could scarce move, with their long parti-colored hose, their silk hoods68 buttoned under the chin, their hair braided down their back, would have thought that these were the most warlike and courageous of knights, men whose personal prowess and gallantry were the admiration of Europe. Their hair was generally cut close upon the forehead, and the beard was suffered to grow, but was kept trimmed a moderate length. Many of the ladies had the coat of arms of their family embroidered69 upon their dresses, giving them the appearance of heralds70' tabards. Almost all wore gold or silver girdles, with embroidered pouches71, and small daggers72.
Thus the appearance of the crowd who moved about among the fields near the lists was varied73 and brilliant indeed. Their demeanor74 was quiet, for[Pg 84] the London merchants deemed a grave demeanor to belong to their calling and the younger men and apprentices75 restrained their spirits in the presence of their superiors. For their special amusement, and in order, perhaps, to keep them from jostling too freely against the court gallants and ladies, the city authorities had appointed popular sports such as pleased the rougher classes; and bull-baiting, cock-fighting, wrestling for a ram77, pitching the bar, and hand-ball, were held in a field some distance away. Here a large portion of the artisans and apprentices amused themselves until the hour when the king and queen were to arrive at their pavilion and the contests were to commence.
Presently a sound of trumpets78 was heard, and the royal procession was seen moving up from Westminster. Then the minor79 sports were abandoned; the crowd gathered round the large fenced-in space, and those who, by virtue80 of rank or position in the city, had places in the various stands, took their places there.
There was a flourish of trumpets as the king and queen appeared in front of their pavilion, accompanied by the Prince of Wales and many of the nobles of the court, and a shout of welcome arose from the crowd. The shooting at a mark at once began. The preliminary trials had been shot off upon the preceding day, and the six chosen bowmen now took their places.
Walter had not entered for the prizes at archery. He had on previous years shot well; but since he[Pg 85] had fully39 determined to become a man-at-arms he had given up archery, for which, indeed, his work at the forge and his exercises at arms when the fires were out left him but little time. The contest was a close one, and when it was over the winner was led by the city marshal to the royal pavilion, where the queen bestowed upon him a silver arrow, and the king added a purse of money. Then there were several combats with quarter-staff and broadsword between men who had served among the contingents81 sent by the city to aid the king in his wars. Some good sword-play was shown and many stout82 blows exchanged, two or three men were badly hurt, and the king and all present were mightily83 pleased with the stoutness84 with which they fought.
The apprentices then came forward to compete for the prizes for sword-play. They wore light iron caps and shirts of thickly quilted leather, and fought with blunted swords, for the city fathers deemed wisely that with these weapons they could equally show their skill, and that with sharpened swords not only would severe wounds be given, but bad blood would be created between the apprentices of the various wards85. Each ward sent its champion to the contest, and as these fought in pairs, loud was the shouting which rose from their comrades at each blow given or warded86, and even the older citizens joined sometimes in the shouting and took a warm interest in the champions of their respective wards.
The iron caps had stout cheek-pieces which de[Pg 86]fended the sides of the face and neck, for even a blunted sword can deliver a terrible blow if it fall upon the naked flesh. It took a long time to get through the combats; the pairs were drawn87 by lot and fought until the king decided which was the superior. Some were speedily beaten; at other times the contests were long and severe. It was generally thought by the apprentices that the final contest lay between Walter Fletcher of Aldgate and Ralph Smith of Ludgate. The former was allowed to be superior in the use of his weapon, but the latter was also skillful, was two years older, and greatly superior in strength. He had not taken part in the contest in the preceding year, as he had been laid up with a hurt in his hand which he had got in his employment as a smith, and the lads of Ludgate were confident that he would turn the tables upon the champion of the eastern ward. Both had defeated with ease the various opponents whom they had met, but it chanced that they had not drawn together until the last round, when they remained alone to struggle for the first and second prizes.
The interest in the struggle had increased with each round, and wagers88 were freely laid upon the result. According to custom the two champions had laid aside their leathern shirts and had donned mail armor, for it was considered that the crowning contest between the two picked young swordsmen of the city would be a severe one, and greater protection to the limbs was needed.[Pg 87]
Before taking their places they were led up to the royal pavilion, where they were closely inspected by the king and his nobles.
"You are sure that this man is still an apprentice76?" the king asked the lord mayor, who was seated next to him; "he has the appearance of a man-at-arms, and a stout one too; the other is a likely stripling, and is, as I have seen, marvelously dexterous90 with his sword, but he is but a boy while the other is a grown man."
"He is an apprentice, my liege, although his time will be up in a few days, while the other has yet three years to serve, but he works for an armorer, and is famed through the city, boy as he is, for his skill with weapons."
After a few words to each, exhorting91 them to do their best in the sight of the queen and her ladies, the king dismissed them.
"I know the young one now!" the Prince of Wales said, clapping his hands as the apprentices turned away to take their places. "My Lord Talbot, I will wager89 a gold chain with you upon the smaller of the two."
"I will take your wager," the noble answered; "but I am by no means sure that I shall win it, for I have watched your champion closely, and the downright blows which he struck would seem to show that he has the muscle and strength of a man, though still but a boy."
The event justified92 the Prince of Wales' confidence; at the commencement of the struggle Ralph[Pg 88] Smith tried to beat down his opponent by sheer strength as he had done his prior opponents, but to his surprise he found that all his efforts could not break down his opponent's guard. Walter indeed did not appear to take advantage of his superior lightness and activity, but to prefer to prove that in strength as well as skill he was equal to his antagonist93. In the latter respect there was no comparison, for as soon as the smith began to relax his rain of blows Walter took the offensive and with a sweeping blow, given with all his strength, broke down his opponent's guard and smote94 him with such force upon his steel cap that, blunted as the sword was, it clove95 through the iron, and stretched the smith senseless on the ground. A loud shout broke from the assemblage. The marshal came up to Walter, and removing his helmet, led him to the royal pavilion, while Ralph was carried to a tent near, where a leech96 attended to his wound.
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narrative
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| n.叙述，故事；adj.叙事的，故事体的 | |
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truce
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| n.休战，(争执，烦恼等的)缓和；v.以停战结束 | |
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ward
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| n.守卫，监护，病房，行政区，由监护人或法院保护的人（尤指儿童）；vt.守护，躲开 | |
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allied
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| adj.协约国的；同盟国的 | |
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interfere
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| v.(in)干涉，干预；(with)妨碍，打扰 | |
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turmoil
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inflicted
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| 把…强加给，使承受，遭受( inflict的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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afterward
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scotch
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| n.伤口，刻痕；苏格兰威士忌酒；v.粉碎，消灭，阻止；adj.苏格兰(人)的 | |
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hindrance
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| n.妨碍，障碍 | |
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gathering
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| n.集会，聚会，聚集 | |
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pretext
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| n.借口，托词 | |
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scone
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| n.圆饼，甜饼，司康饼 | |
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eruption
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| n.火山爆发；（战争等）爆发；（疾病等）发作 | |
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retaliation
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| n.报复，反击 | |
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guise
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| n.外表，伪装的姿态 | |
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negotiations
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| 协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过 | |
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retaliated
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| v.报复，反击( retaliate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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patronage
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| n.赞助，支援，援助；光顾，捧场 | |
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banished
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| v.放逐，驱逐( banish的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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bestowed
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| 赠给，授予( bestow的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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feudal
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vassal
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| n.附庸的；属下；adj.奴仆的 | |
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nominally
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amity
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bind
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accede
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positively
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monarch
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| n.帝王，君主，最高统治者 | |
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determined
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craftily
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maidens
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| 处女( maiden的名词复数 )； 少女； 未婚女子； （板球运动）未得分的一轮投球 | |
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knight
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| n.骑士，武士；爵士 | |
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knights
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| 骑士； （中古时代的）武士( knight的名词复数 )； 骑士； 爵士； （国际象棋中）马 | |
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chivalrous
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mere
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decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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enrolled
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| adj.入学登记了的v.[亦作enrol]( enroll的过去式和过去分词 )；登记，招收，使入伍（或入会、入学等），参加，成为成员；记入名册；卷起，包起 | |
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fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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aspirants
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| n.有志向或渴望获得…的人( aspirant的名词复数 )v.渴望的，有抱负的，追求名誉或地位的( aspirant的第三人称单数 )；有志向或渴望获得…的人 | |
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reign
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| n.统治时期，统治，支配，盛行；v.占优势 | |
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pawned
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| v.典当，抵押( pawn的过去式和过去分词 )；以（某事物）担保 | |
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44
scarcity
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| n.缺乏，不足，萧条 | |
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45
maritime
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| adj.海的，海事的，航海的，近海的，沿海的 | |
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naval
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| adj.海军的，军舰的，船的 | |
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47
vassals
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| n.奴仆( vassal的名词复数 )；（封建时代）诸侯；从属者；下属 | |
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48
valor
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| n.勇气，英勇 | |
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martial
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| adj.战争的，军事的，尚武的，威武的 | |
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50
blessings
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| n.（上帝的）祝福( blessing的名词复数 )；好事；福分；因祸得福 | |
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51
fortitude
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| n.坚忍不拔；刚毅 | |
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52
ignoble
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| adj.不光彩的，卑鄙的；可耻的 | |
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courageous
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| adj.勇敢的，有胆量的 | |
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54
chivalry
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| n.骑士气概，侠义；（男人）对女人彬彬有礼，献殷勤 | |
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55
marvel
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| vi.(at)惊叹vt.感到惊异；n.令人惊异的事 | |
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admiration
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| n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕 | |
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amasses
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| v.积累，积聚( amass的第三人称单数 ) | |
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valiant
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| adj.勇敢的，英勇的；n.勇士，勇敢的人 | |
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specially
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| adv.特定地；特殊地；明确地 | |
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rivets
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| 铆钉( rivet的名词复数 ) | |
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61
jousting
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| （骑士）骑马用长矛比武( joust的现在分词 ) | |
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picturesque
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| adj.美丽如画的，（语言）生动的，绘声绘色的 | |
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pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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mingling
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| adj.混合的 | |
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prodigious
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| adj.惊人的，奇妙的；异常的；巨大的；庞大的 | |
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sweeping
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| adj.范围广大的，一扫无遗的 | |
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67
lighter
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| n.打火机，点火器；驳船；v.用驳船运送；light的比较级 | |
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68
hoods
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| n.兜帽( hood的名词复数 )；头巾；（汽车、童车等的）折合式车篷；汽车发动机罩v.兜帽( hood的第三人称单数 )；头巾；（汽车、童车等的）折合式车篷；汽车发动机罩 | |
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embroidered
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| adj．绣花的 | |
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heralds
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| n.使者( herald的名词复数 )；预报者；预兆；传令官v.预示( herald的第三人称单数 )；宣布（好或重要） | |
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71
pouches
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| n.（放在衣袋里或连在腰带上的）小袋( pouch的名词复数 )；（袋鼠等的）育儿袋；邮袋；（某些动物贮存食物的）颊袋 | |
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72
daggers
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| 匕首，短剑( dagger的名词复数 ) | |
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varied
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| adj.多样的，多变化的 | |
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demeanor
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| n.行为；风度 | |
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apprentices
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| 学徒，徒弟( apprentice的名词复数 ) | |
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apprentice
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| n.学徒，徒弟 | |
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ram
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| (random access memory)随机存取存储器 | |
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trumpets
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| 喇叭( trumpet的名词复数 )； 小号； 喇叭形物； （尤指）绽开的水仙花 | |
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minor
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| adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修 | |
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virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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81
contingents
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| （志趣相投、尤指来自同一地方的）一组与会者( contingent的名词复数 )； 代表团； （军队的）分遣队； 小分队 | |
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83
mightily
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| ad.强烈地；非常地 | |
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84
stoutness
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| 坚固，刚毅 | |
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85
wards
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| 区( ward的名词复数 )； 病房； 受监护的未成年者； 被人照顾或控制的状态 | |
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86
warded
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| 有锁孔的，有钥匙榫槽的 | |
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87
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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88
wagers
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| n.赌注，用钱打赌( wager的名词复数 )v.在（某物）上赌钱，打赌( wager的第三人称单数 )；保证，担保 | |
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89
wager
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| n.赌注；vt.押注，打赌 | |
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90
dexterous
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| adj.灵敏的；灵巧的 | |
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91
exhorting
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| v.劝告，劝说( exhort的现在分词 ) | |
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92
justified
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| a.正当的，有理的 | |
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93
antagonist
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| n.敌人，对抗者，对手 | |
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94
smote
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| v.猛打，重击，打击( smite的过去式 ) | |
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95
clove
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| n.丁香味 | |
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96
leech
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| n.水蛭，吸血鬼，榨取他人利益的人；vt.以水蛭吸血；vi.依附于别人 | |
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