The glory of the little fortalice had now departed. Sir William Forbes had been killed on his own hearthstone, and the castle had been sacked in a raid by the Kerrs, whose hold lay to the southwest, and who had long been at feud4 with the Forbeses. The royal power was feeble, and the Kerrs had many friends, and were accordingly granted the lands they had seized; only it was specified5 that Dame6 Forbes, the widow of Sir William, should be allowed to reside in the fortalice free from all let or hindrance7, so long as she meddled8 not, nor sought to stir up enmity among the late vassals10 of her lord against their new masters.
The castle, although a small one, was strongly situated. The spur of the hill ran some 200 yards into the valley, rising sharply some 30 or 40 feet above it. The little river which meandered11 down the valley swept completely round the foot of the spur, forming a natural moat to it, and had in some time past been dammed back, so that, whereas in other parts it ran brightly over a pebbly12 bottom, here it was deep and still. The fortalice itself stood at the extremity13 of the spur, and a strong wall with a fortified14 gateway15 extended across the other end of the neck, touching16 the water on both sides. From the gateway extended two walls inclosing a road straight to the gateway of the hold itself, and between these walls and the water every level foot of ground was cultivated; this garden was now the sole remains17 of the lands of the Forbeses.
It was a narrow patrimony18 for Archie, the only son of Dame Forbes, and his lady mother had hard work to keep up a respectable state, and to make ends meet. Sandy Grahame, who had fought under her husband's banner and was now her sole retainer, made the most of the garden patches. Here he grew vegetables on the best bits of ground and oats on the remainder; these, crushed between flat stones, furnished a coarse bread. From the stream an abundance of fish could always be obtained, and the traps and nets therefore furnished a meal when all else failed. In the stream, too, swam a score and more of ducks, while as many chickens walked about the castle yard, or scratched for insects among the vegetables. A dozen goats browsed19 on the hillside, for this was common ground to the village, and Dame Forbes had not therefore to ask for leave from her enemies, the Kerrs. The goats furnished milk and cheese, which was deftly20 made by Elspie, Sandy's wife, who did all the work indoors, as her husband did without. Meat they seldom touched. Occasionally the resources of the hold were eked21 out by the present of a little hill sheep, or a joint22 of prime meat, from one or other of her old vassals, for these, in spite of the mastership of the Kerrs, still at heart regarded Dame Mary Forbes as their lawful23 mistress, and her son Archie as their future chief. Dame Mary Forbes was careful in no way to encourage this feeling, for she feared above all things to draw the attention of the Kerrs to her son. She was sure that did Sir John Kerr entertain but a suspicion that trouble might ever come from the rivalry24 of this boy, he would not hesitate a moment in encompassing25 his death; for Sir John was a rough and violent man who was known to hesitate at nothing which might lead to his aggrandizement26. Therefore she seldom moved beyond the outer wall of the hold, except to go down to visit the sick in the village. She herself had been a Seaton, and had been educated at the nunnery of Dunfermline, and she now taught Archie to read and write, accomplishments27 by no means common even among the better class in those days. Archie loved not books; but as it pleased his mother, and time often hung heavy on his hands, he did not mind devoting two or three hours a day to the tasks she set him. At other times he fished in the stream, wandered over the hills, and brought in the herbs from which Dame Forbes distilled28 the potions which she distributed to the villagers when sick.
Often he joined the lads of the village in their games. They all regarded him as their leader; but his mother had pressed upon him over and over again that on no account was he to assume any superiority over the others, but to treat them strictly29 as equals. Doubtless the Kerrs would from time to time have news of what was doing in Glen Cairn; and while they would be content to see him joining in the sports of the village lads, with seemingly no wish beyond that station, they would at once resent it did they see any sign on his part of his regarding himself as a chief among the others.
No inconsiderable portion of Archie's time was occupied in acquiring the use of arms from Sandy Grahame. His mother, quiet and seemingly resigned as she was, yet burned with the ambition that he should some day avenge30 his father's death, and win back his father's lands. She said little to him of her hopes; but she roused his spirit by telling him stories of the brave deeds of the Forbeses and Seatons, and she encouraged him from his childhood to practise in arms with Sandy Grahame.
In this respect, indeed, Archie needed no stimulant31. From Sandy even more than from his mother he had heard of his brave father's deeds in arms; and although, from the way in which she repressed any such utterances32, he said but little to his mother, he was resolved as much as she could wish him to be, that he would some day win back his patrimony, and avenge his father upon his slayers.
Consequently, upon every opportunity when Sandy Grahame could spare time from his multifarious work, Archie practised with him, with sword and pike. At first he had but a wooden sword. Then, as his limbs grew stronger, he practised with a blunted sword; and now at the age of fifteen Sandy Grahame had as much as he could do to hold his own with his pupil.
At the time the story opens, in the springtime of the year 1293, he was playing at ball with some of the village lads on the green, when a party of horsemen was seen approaching.
At their head rode two men perhaps forty years old, while a lad of some eighteen years of age rode beside them. In one of the elder men Archie recognized Sir John Kerr. The lad beside him was his son Allan. The other leader was Sir John Hazelrig, governor of Lanark; behind them rode a troop of armed men, twenty in number. Some of the lads would have ceased from their play; but Archie exclaimed:
"Heed33 them not; make as if you did not notice them. You need not be in such a hurry to vail your bonnets34 to the Kerr."
"Look at the young dogs," Sir John Kerr said to his companion. "They know that their chief is passing, and yet they pretend that they see us not."
"It would do them good," his son exclaimed, "did you give your troopers orders to tie them all up and give them a taste of their stirrup leathers."
"It would not be worth while, Allan," his father said. "They will all make stout35 men-at-arms some day, and will have to fight under my banner. I care as little as any man what my vassals think of me, seeing that whatsoever36 they think they have to do mine orders. But it needs not to set them against one needlessly; so let the varlets go on with their play undisturbed."
That evening Archie said to his mother, "How is it, mother, that the English knight37 whom I today saw ride past with the Kerr is governor of our Scottish town of Lanark?"
"You may well wonder, Archie, for there are many in Scotland of older years than you who marvel38 that Scotsmen, who have always been free, should tolerate so strange a thing. It is a long story, and a tangled39 one; but tomorrow morning I will draw out for you a genealogy40 of the various claimants to the Scottish throne, and you will see how the thing has come about, and under what pretence41 Edward of England has planted his garrisons42 in this free Scotland of ours."
The next morning Archie did not forget to remind his mother of her promise.
"You must know," she began, "that our good King Alexander had three children—David, who died when a boy; Alexander, who married a daughter of the Count of Flanders, and died childless; and a daughter, Margaret, who married Eric, the young King of Norway. Three years ago the Queen of Norway died, leaving an only daughter, also named Margaret, who was called among us the 'Maid of Norway,' and who, at her mother's death, became heir presumptive to the throne, and as such was recognized by an assembly of the estates at Scone43. But we all hoped that the king would have male heirs, for early last year, while still in the prime of life, he married Joleta, daughter of the Count of Drew. Unhappily, on the 19th of March, he attended a council in the castle of Edinburgh, and on his way back to his wife at Kinghorn, on a stormy night, he fell over a precipice44 and was killed.
"The hopes of the country now rested on the 'Maid of Norway,' who alone stood between the throne and a number of claimants, most of whom would be prepared to support their claims by arms, and thus bring unnumbered woes45 upon Scotland. Most unhappily for the country, the maid died on her voyage to Scotland, and the succession therefore became open.
"You will see on this chart, which I have drawn46 out, the lines by which the principal competitors—for there were nigh upon a score of them—claimed the throne.
"Before the death of the maid, King Edward had proposed a marriage between her and his young son, and his ambassadors met the Scottish commissioners47 at Brigham, near Kelso, and on the 18th of July, 1290, the treaty was concluded. It contained, besides the provisions of the marriage, clauses for the personal freedom of Margaret should she survive her husband; for the reversion of the crown failing her issue; for protection of the rights, laws, and liberties of Scotland; the freedom of the church; the privileges of crown vassals; the independence of the courts; the preservation48 of all charters and natural muniments; and the holding of parliaments only within Scotland; and specially49 provided that no vassal9 should be compelled to go forth50 of Scotland for the purpose of performing homage51 or fealty52; and that no native of Scotland should for any cause whatever be compelled to answer, for any breach53 of covenant54 or from crime committed, out of the kingdom.
"Thus you see, my boy, that King Edward at this time fully55 recognized the perfect independence of Scotland, and raised no claim to any suzerainty over it. Indeed, by Article I it was stipulated56 that the rights, laws, liberties, and customs of Scotland should remain for ever entire and inviolable throughout the whole realm and its marches; and by Article V that the Kingdom of Scotland shall remain separate and divided from England, free in itself, and without subjection, according to its right boundaries and marches, as heretofore.
"King Edward, however, artfully inserted a salvo, 'saving the rights of the King of England and of all others which before the date of this treaty belong to him or any of them in the marches or elsewhere.' The Scottish lords raised no objection to the insertion of this salvo, seeing that it was of general purport57, and that Edward possessed58 no rights in Scotland, nor had any ever been asserted by his predecessors—Scotland being a kingdom in itself equal to its neighbour—and that neither William the Norman nor any of his successors attempted to set forward any claims to authority beyond the Border.
"No sooner was the treaty signed than Edward, without warrant or excuse, appointed Anthony Beck, the warlike Bishop59 of Durham, Lieutenant60 of Scotland, in the name of the yet unmarried pair; and finding that this was not resented, he demanded that all the places of strength in the kingdom should be delivered to him. This demand was not, however, complied with, and the matter was still pending61 when the Maid of Norway died. The three principal competitors—Bruce, Baliol, and Comyn—and their friends, at once began to arm; but William Fraser, Bishop of St. Andrews, a friend of Baliol, wrote to King Edward suggesting that he should act as arbitrator, and more than hinting that if he chose Baliol he would find him submissive in all things to his wishes. Edward jumped at the proposal, and thereupon issued summonses to the barons62 of the northern counties to meet him at Norham on the 3d of June; and a mandate63 was issued to the sheriffs of Northumberland, Cumberland, Westmoreland, York, and Lancaster, to assemble the feudal64 array at the same rendezvous65.
"Now, you know, my son, that, owing to the marriages between royal families of England and Scotland, there has been a close connection between the countries. Many Scotch66 barons have married English heiresses, and hold lands in both countries, while Scottish maidens67 have married English knights68. Thus it happens that a great number of the Scotch nobility are as much Englishmen as Scotchmen, and are vassals to England for lands held there. Four of the competitors, John Baliol, Robert Bruce, John Comyn, and William Ross, are all barons of England as well as of Scotland, and their lands lying in the north they were, of course, included in the invitation. In May, Edward issued an invitation to the Bishops69 of St. Andrews, Glasgow, and other Scotch nobles to come to Norham, remain there, and return, specially saying that their presence there was not to be regarded as a custom through which the laws of Scotland might in any future time be prejudiced. Hither then came the whole power of the north of England, and many of the Scotch nobles.
"When the court opened, Roger Brabazon, the king's justiciary, delivered an address, in which he stated that Edward, as lord paramount70 of Scotland, had come there to administer justice between the competitors for the crown, and concluded with the request that all present should acknowledge his claim as lord paramount. The Scottish nobles present, with the exception of those who were privy71 to Edward's designs, were filled with astonishment72 and dismay at this pretension73, and declared their ignorance of any claim of superiority of the King of England over Scotland. The king, in a passion, exclaimed:
"However, he saw that nothing could be done on the instant, and adjourned75 the meeting for three weeks, at the end of which time the prelates, nobles, and community of Scotland were invited to bring forward whatever they could in opposition76 to his claim to supremacy77.
"At the time fixed78 the Scotch nobles again met, but this time on the Scottish side of the Border, for Edward had gathered together the whole of the force of the northern counties.
"Besides the four claimants, whose names I have told you, were Sir John Hastings, Patrick Dunbar, Earl of March, William de Vesci, Robert de Pinkeny, Nicholas de Soulis, Patrick Galythly, Roger de Mandeville, Florence, Count of Holland, and Eric, King of Norway. With the exception of Eric, the Count of Holland, Dunbar, and Galythly, all of these were of Norman extraction, and held possessions in England. When the meeting was opened the prelates and nobles present advanced nothing to disprove Edward's claim to supremacy. The representatives of the commons, however, did show reason against the claim, for which, indeed, my son, as every man in Scotland knows, there was not a shadow of foundation.
"The king's chancellor79 declared that there was nothing in these objections to Edward's claim, and therefore he resolved, as lord paramount, to determine the question of succession. The various competitors were asked whether they acknowledged Edward as lord paramount, and were willing to receive his judgment80 as such; and the whole of these wretched traitors81 proceeded to barter82 their country for their hopes of a crown, acknowledged Edward as lord paramount, and left the judgment in his hands.
"Bruce and Baliol received handsome presents for thus tamely yielding the rights of Scotland. All present at once agreed that the castles and strongholds of Scotland should be surrendered into the hands of English commanders and garrisons. This was immediately done; and thus it is, Archie, that you see an English officer lording it over the Scotch town of Lanark.
"Then every Scotchman was called upon to do homage to the English king as his lord paramount, and all who refused to do so were seized and arrested. Finally, on the 17th of November last, 1292—the date will long be remembered in Scotland—Edward's judgment was given at Berwick, and by it John Baliol was declared King of Scotland.
"Thus for eighteen months Scotland was kept in doubt; and this was done, no doubt, to enable the English to rivet83 their yoke84 upon our shoulders, and to intimidate85 and coerce86 all who might oppose it."
"There were some that did oppose it, mother, were there not?—some true Scotchmen who refused to own the supremacy of the King of England?"
"Very few, Archie. One Sir Malcolm Wallace, a knight of but small estate, refused to do so, and was, together with his eldest87 son, slain88 in an encounter with an English detachment under a leader named Fenwick at Loudon Hill."
"And was he the father of that William Wallace of whom the talk was lately that he had slain young Selbye, son of the English governor of Dundee?"
"The same, Archie."
"Men say, mother, that although but eighteen years of age he is of great stature89 and strength, of very handsome presence, and courteous90 and gentle; and that he was going quietly through the streets when insulted by young Selbye, and that he and his companions being set upon by the English soldiers, slew91 several and made their escape."
"So they say, Archie. He appears from all description of him to be a remarkable92 young man, and I trust that he will escape the vengeance93 of the English, and that some day he may again strike some blows for our poor Scotland, which, though nominally94 under the rule of Baliol, is now but a province of England."
"I trust not, my son; but I fear that it will be long before we shake off the English yoke. Our nobles are for the most part of Norman blood; very many are barons of England; and so great are the jealousies96 among them that no general effort against England will be possible. No, if Scotland is ever to be freed, it will be by a mighty97 rising of the common people, and even then the struggle between the commons of Scotland and the whole force of England aided by the feudal power of all the great Scotch nobles, would be well nigh hopeless."
This conversation sank deeply into Archie's mind; day and night he thought of nothing but the lost freedom of Scotland, and vowed98 that even the hope of regaining99 his father's lands should be secondary to that of freeing his country. All sorts of wild dreams did the boy turn over in his mind; he was no longer gay and light hearted, but walked about moody100 and thoughtful. He redoubled his assiduity in the practice of arms; and sometimes when fighting with Sandy, he would think that he had an English man-at-arms before him, and would strike so hotly and fiercely that Sandy had the greatest difficulty in parrying his blows, and was forced to shout lustily to recall him from the clouds. He no longer played at ball with the village lads; but, taking the elder of them aside, he swore them to secrecy101, and then formed them into a band, which he called the Scottish Avengers. With them he would retire into valleys far away from the village, where none would mark what they were doing, and there they practised with club and stake instead of broadsword and pike, defended narrow passes against an imaginary enemy, and, divided into two parties, did battle with each other.
The lads entered into the new diversion with spirit. Among the lower class throughout Scotland the feeling of indignation at the manner in which their nobles had sold their country to England was deep and passionate102. They knew the woes which English domination had brought upon Wales and Ireland; and though as yet without a leader, and at present hopeless of a successful rising, every true Scotchman was looking forward to the time when an attempt might be made to throw off the English yoke.
Therefore the lads of Glen Cairn entered heart and soul into the projects of their "young chief," for so they regarded Archie, and strove their best to acquire some of the knowledge of the use of sword and pike which he possessed. The younger lads were not permitted to know what was going on—none younger than Archie himself being admitted into the band, while some of the elders were youths approaching man's estate. Even to his mother Archie did not breathe a word of what he was doing, for he feared that she might forbid his proceedings103. The good lady was often surprised at the cuts and bruises104 with which he returned home; but he always turned off her questions by muttering something about rough play or a heavy fall, and so for some months the existence of the Scottish Avengers remained unsuspected.
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situated
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| adj.坐落在...的，处于某种境地的 | |
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picturesque
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| adj.美丽如画的，（语言）生动的，绘声绘色的 | |
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jutting
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| v.（使）突出( jut的现在分词 )；伸出；（从…）突出；高出 | |
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feud
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| n.长期不和；世仇；v.长期争斗；世代结仇 | |
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specified
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| adj.特定的 | |
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dame
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| n.女士 | |
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hindrance
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| n.妨碍，障碍 | |
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meddled
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| v.干涉，干预（他人事务）( meddle的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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vassal
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| n.附庸的；属下；adj.奴仆的 | |
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vassals
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| n.奴仆( vassal的名词复数 )；（封建时代）诸侯；从属者；下属 | |
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meandered
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| （指溪流、河流等）蜿蜒而流( meander的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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pebbly
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| 多卵石的，有卵石花纹的 | |
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extremity
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| n.末端，尽头；尽力；终极；极度 | |
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fortified
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| adj. 加强的 | |
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gateway
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| n.大门口，出入口，途径，方法 | |
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touching
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| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
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remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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patrimony
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| n.世袭财产，继承物 | |
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browsed
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| v.吃草( browse的过去式和过去分词 )；随意翻阅；（在商店里）随便看看；（在计算机上）浏览信息 | |
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deftly
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| adv.灵巧地，熟练地，敏捷地 | |
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eked
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| v.（靠节省用量）使…的供应持久( eke的过去式和过去分词 )；节约使用；竭力维持生计；勉强度日 | |
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joint
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lawful
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| adj.法律许可的，守法的，合法的 | |
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rivalry
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| n.竞争，竞赛，对抗 | |
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encompassing
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| v.围绕( encompass的现在分词 )；包围；包含；包括 | |
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aggrandizement
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| n.增大，强化，扩大 | |
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accomplishments
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| n.造诣；完成( accomplishment的名词复数 )；技能；成绩；成就 | |
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distilled
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| adj.由蒸馏得来的v.蒸馏( distil的过去式和过去分词 )；从…提取精华 | |
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strictly
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| adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地 | |
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avenge
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| v.为...复仇，为...报仇 | |
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stimulant
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| n.刺激物，兴奋剂 | |
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utterances
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| n.发声( utterance的名词复数 )；说话方式；语调；言论 | |
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heed
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bonnets
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| n.童帽( bonnet的名词复数 )；（烟囱等的）覆盖物；（苏格兰男子的）无边呢帽；（女子戴的）任何一种帽子 | |
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whatsoever
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| adv.（用于否定句中以加强语气）任何；pron.无论什么 | |
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knight
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| n.骑士，武士；爵士 | |
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marvel
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| vi.(at)惊叹vt.感到惊异；n.令人惊异的事 | |
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tangled
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| adj. 纠缠的，紊乱的 动词tangle的过去式和过去分词 | |
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genealogy
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| n.家系，宗谱 | |
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pretence
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| n.假装，作假；借口，口实；虚伪；虚饰 | |
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garrisons
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| 守备部队，卫戍部队( garrison的名词复数 ) | |
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scone
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| n.圆饼，甜饼，司康饼 | |
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precipice
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| n.悬崖，危急的处境 | |
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woes
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| 困境( woe的名词复数 )； 悲伤； 我好苦哇； 某人就要倒霉 | |
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drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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commissioners
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| n.专员( commissioner的名词复数 )；长官；委员；政府部门的长官 | |
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preservation
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| n.保护，维护，保存，保留，保持 | |
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specially
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| adv.特定地；特殊地；明确地 | |
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forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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homage
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| n.尊敬，敬意，崇敬 | |
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fealty
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| n.忠贞，忠节 | |
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breach
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| n.违反，不履行；破裂；vt.冲破，攻破 | |
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covenant
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| n.盟约，契约；v.订盟约 | |
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fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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stipulated
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| vt.& vi.规定；约定adj.[法]合同规定的 | |
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purport
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| n.意义，要旨，大要；v.意味著，做为...要旨，要领是... | |
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possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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bishop
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| n.主教，（国际象棋）象 | |
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lieutenant
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| n.陆军中尉，海军上尉；代理官员，副职官员 | |
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pending
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| prep.直到，等待…期间；adj.待定的；迫近的 | |
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barons
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| 男爵( baron的名词复数 )； 巨头； 大王； 大亨 | |
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mandate
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| n.托管地；命令，指示 | |
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feudal
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| adj.封建的，封地的，领地的 | |
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rendezvous
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| n.约会，约会地点，汇合点；vi.汇合，集合；vt.使汇合，使在汇合地点相遇 | |
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scotch
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| n.伤口，刻痕；苏格兰威士忌酒；v.粉碎，消灭，阻止；adj.苏格兰(人)的 | |
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maidens
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| 处女( maiden的名词复数 )； 少女； 未婚女子； （板球运动）未得分的一轮投球 | |
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knights
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| 骑士； （中古时代的）武士( knight的名词复数 )； 骑士； 爵士； （国际象棋中）马 | |
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bishops
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| （基督教某些教派管辖大教区的）主教( bishop的名词复数 )； （国际象棋的）象 | |
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paramount
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| a.最重要的，最高权力的 | |
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privy
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| adj.私用的；隐密的 | |
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astonishment
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| n.惊奇，惊异 | |
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pretension
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| n.要求；自命，自称；自负 | |
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vindicate
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| v.为…辩护或辩解，辩明；证明…正确 | |
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adjourned
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| （使）休会， （使）休庭( adjourn的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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opposition
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| n.反对，敌对 | |
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supremacy
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| n.至上；至高权力 | |
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fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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chancellor
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| n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长 | |
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judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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traitors
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| 卖国贼( traitor的名词复数 )； 叛徒； 背叛者； 背信弃义的人 | |
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barter
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| n.物物交换，以货易货，实物交易 | |
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rivet
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| n.铆钉；vt.铆接，铆牢；集中(目光或注意力) | |
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yoke
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| n.轭；支配；v.给...上轭，连接，使成配偶 | |
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intimidate
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| vt.恐吓，威胁 | |
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coerce
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| v.强迫，压制 | |
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eldest
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| adj.最年长的，最年老的 | |
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slain
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| 杀死，宰杀，杀戮( slay的过去分词 )； (slay的过去分词) | |
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stature
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| n.（高度）水平，（高度）境界，身高，身材 | |
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courteous
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| adj.彬彬有礼的，客气的 | |
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slew
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| v.（使）旋转；n.大量，许多 | |
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remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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vengeance
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| n.报复，报仇，复仇 | |
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nominally
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| 在名义上，表面地； 应名儿 | |
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shameful
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| adj.可耻的，不道德的 | |
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jealousies
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| n.妒忌( jealousy的名词复数 )；妒羡 | |
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mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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vowed
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| 起誓，发誓（vow的过去式与过去分词形式） | |
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99
regaining
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| 复得( regain的现在分词 )； 赢回； 重回； 复至某地 | |
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100
moody
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| adj.心情不稳的，易怒的，喜怒无常的 | |
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101
secrecy
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| n.秘密，保密，隐蔽 | |
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102
passionate
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| adj.热情的，热烈的，激昂的，易动情的，易怒的，性情暴躁的 | |
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103
proceedings
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| n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报 | |
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104
bruises
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| n.瘀伤，伤痕，擦伤( bruise的名词复数 ) | |
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