Insignificant12 as was the hold, it was evident that something like feudal discipline was kept up. Two men, armed with pikes, were stationed on the wall, while two others leant in careless fashion against the posts of the open gate. On the approach of Archie an elderly man, with a long white beard, came out to meet them. Ronald explained to him that Archie was a knight who had come as an emissary from the King of Scotland to the Irish chieftains, and desired to speak with the great Fergus of Killeen. The old man bowed deeply to Archie, and then escorted him into the house.
The room which they entered occupied the whole of the ground floor of the hold, and was some thirty feet wide by forty long. As apparently13 trees of sufficient length to form the beams of so wide an apartment could not be obtained, the floor above was supported by two rows of roughly squared posts extending down from end to end. The walls were perfectly14 bare. The beams and planks15 of the ceiling were stained black by the smoke of a fire which burned in one corner; the floor was of clay beaten hard. A strip some ten feet wide, at the further end, was raised eighteen inches above the general level, forming a sort of dais. Here, in a carved settle of black wood, sat the chief. Some females, evidently the ladies of his family, were seated on piles of sheepskins, and were plying16 their distaffs; while an aged17 man was seated on the end of the dais with a harp18 of quaint19 form on his knee; his fingers touched a last chord as Archie entered, and he had evidently been playing while the ladies worked. Near him on the dais was a fire composed of wood embers, which were replenished20 from time to time with fresh glowing pieces of charcoal21 taken from the fire at the other end of the room, so that the occupants of the dais should not be annoyed by the smoke arising close to them.
The chief was a fine looking man about fifty years old. He was clad in a loose fitting tunic22 of soft dark green cloth, confined at the waist by a broad leathern band with silver clasp and ornaments23, and reaching to his knees. His arms were bare; on his feet he wore sandals, and a heavy sword rested against the wall near his hand. The ladies wore dresses of similar material and of somewhat similar fashion, but reaching to the feet. They wore gold armlets; and the chief's wife had a light band of gold round her head. The chief rose when Archie entered; and upon the seneschal informing him of the rank and mission of his visitor he stepped from the dais, and advancing, greeted him warmly. Then he led him back to the dais, where he presented to him the ladies of his family, ordering the retainers, of whom about a score were gathered in the hall, to place two piles of sheepskins near the fire. On one of these he sat down, and motioned to Archie to take his place on the other—his own chair being removed to a corner. Then, through the medium of Ronald, the conversation began.
Archie related to the chief the efforts which the Scotch24 were making to win their freedom from England, and urged in the king's name that a similar effort should be made by the Irish; as the forces of the English, being thereby25 divided and distracted, there might be better hope of success. The chief heard the communication in grave silence. The ladies of the family stood behind the chief with deeply interested faces; and as the narrative27 of the long continued struggle which the Scots were making for freedom continued it was clear, by their glowing cheeks and their animated28 faces, how deeply they sympathized in the struggle.
The wife of the chief, a tall and stately lady, stood immediately behind him with her two daughters, girls of some seventeen or eighteen years of age, beside her. As Ronald was translating his words Archie glanced frequently at the group, and thought he had never seen one fairer or more picturesque30. There was a striking likeness31 between mother and daughters; but the expression of staid dignity in the one was in the others replaced by a bright expression of youth and happiness. Their beauty was of a kind new to Archie. Their dark glossy32 hair was kept smoothly33 in place by the fillet of gold in the mother's case, and by purple ribbons in that of the daughters. Their eyebrows34 and long eyelashes were black, but their eyes were gray, and as light as those to which Archie was accustomed under the fair tresses of his countrywomen. The thing that struck him most in the faces of the girls was their mobility35, the expression changing as it seemed in an instant from grave to gay—flushing at one moment with interest at the tale of deeds of valour, paling at the next at the recital36 of cruel oppression and wrong. When Archie had finished his narrative he presented to the chief a beautifully wrought37 chain of gold as a token from the King of Scotland.
The chief was silent for some time after the interpreter concluded Archie's narrative; then he said:
"Sir knight, it almost seems to me as if I had been listening to the tale of the wrongs of Ireland, save that it appears that the mastery of the English here has been more firmly established than with you. This may be from the nature of the country; our hills are, for the most part, bare, while yours, you say, are covered with forest. Thus the Normans could more easily, when they had once gained the upper hand, crush out the last vestiges38 of opposition39 than they could with you. As I judge from what you say, the English in Scotland hold all the fortresses40, and when the people rise they remain sheltered in them until assistance comes from England. With us it is different. First they conquer all the country; then from a wide tract26, a third perhaps of the island, they drive out the whole of the people, and establish themselves firmly there, portioning the land among the soldiery and repeopling the country with an English race. Outside this district the Irish chieftains, like myself, retain something of independence; we pay a tribute, and are in the position of feudatories, being bound to furnish so many men for the King of England's wars if called upon to do so. The English seldom come beyond their pale so long as the tribute is paid, and the yoke41, therefore, weighs not so heavy upon us; but were we to rise, the English army would pour out from its pale and carry fire and sword throughout the country.
"We, like you, have been without one who would unite us against the common enemy. Our great chiefs have, for the most part, accepted English titles, and since their power over the minor42 chiefs is extended, rather than decreased by the changed circumstances, they are well content, for they rule now over their districts, not only as Irish chieftains, but as English lieutenants43. You have seen, as you journeyed here, how sparse3 is the population of our hills, and how slight would be the opposition which we could offer, did the Earl of Ulster sweep down upon us with trained English soldiers.
"Were there a chance of success, Fergus of Killeen would gladly draw the sword again; but I will not bring ruin upon my family and people by engaging in a hopeless enterprise. Did I raise my standard, all Donegal would take up arms; but Donegal alone is powerless against England. I know my people—they are ready for the fray44, they would rush to battle and perish in thousands to win victory, but one great defeat would crush them. The story of the long fight which your Wallace, with a small following, made against the power of England, will never be told of an Irish leader. We have bravery and reckless courage, but we have none of the stubborn obstinacy45 of your Scottish folk. Were the flag raised the people would flock to it, and would fight desperately46; but if they lost, there would be utter and complete collapse47. The fortitude48 to support repeated defeats, to struggle on when the prospect49 seems darkest, does not belong to my people.
"It is for this reason that I have no hope that Ireland will ever regain50 its independence. She may struggle against the yoke, she may blaze out again and again in bloody51 risings, our sons may die in tens of thousands for her; but never, I believe, as long as the men of the two countries remain what they are, will Ireland recover her independence, for, in the long run, English perseverance52 and determination will overcome the fitful courage of the Irish. I grieve that I should say it. I mourn that I feel it my duty to repress rather than to encourage the eager desire of my people to draw the sword and strike for freedom; but such is my conviction.
"But understand, sir knight, that whatever I may think, I shall not be backward in doing my part. If Ireland again rises, should the other native chieftains determine to make one more effort to drive the English across the channel, be sure that Fergus of Killeen and the men of Donegal will be in the front of the battle. No heart beats more warmly for freedom than mine; and did I stand alone I would take to the bogs53 and join those who shelter there, defying the might of England. But I have my people to think of. I have seen how the English turn a land to desolation as they sweep across it, and I will not bring fire and sword into these mountain valleys unless all Ireland is banded in a common effort. You have seen Scotland wasted from sea to sea, her cities burned, her people slain55 by thousands, her dales and valleys wasted; and can you tell me that after these years of struggle you have gained any such advantage as would warrant your advising me to rise against England?"
Archie was silent. Thinking over the struggle in which he had taken part for so many years, and remembering the woes56 that it had brought on Scotland, and that, after fighting so long, Bruce and the handful of fugitives57 at Rathlin were the sole survivors58 of the patriotic59 party, he could not but acknowledge at heart the justice of the chiefs words. His sole hope for Scotland now rested in the perseverance and personal valour of the king, and the stubborn character of the people, which he felt assured would lead them to rise again and again, in spite of disaster and defeat, until freedom was won. The Irish possessed60 no Bruce; their country was less defendible than Scotland; and if, as Fergus said, they had none of that indomitable perseverance which enabled the Scotch people again and again to rise against the yoke, what hope could there be of final success, how could he be justified61 in urging upon the chieftain a step which would bring fire and sword into those quiet valleys! For some time, therefore, after Ronald had translated the chief's speech he remained silent.
"I will not urge you further, sir," he said, "for you are surely the best judge of what is good for your people, and I have seen such ruin and desolation in Scotland, so many scores of ruined towns and villages, so many thousands of levelled homesteads, that I will not say a single word to urge you to alter your resolution. It is enough for me that you have said that if Ireland rises you will also draw the sword. I must carry out my instructions, and hence shall travel south and visit other chiefs; they may view matters differently, and may see that what Ireland cannot do alone she may do in conjunction with Scotland."
"So be it!" Fergus said. "Believe me, if you raise a flame through the west the north will not hang back. And now I trust that you will remain here for a few days as my guest. All that I have is yours, and my wife and daughters will do their best to make the time pass pleasantly for you."
Archie remained three days at the chiefs hold, where the primitive life interested him greatly. A lavish62 hospitality was exercised. Several sheep were killed and roasted each day, and all comers were free to join the repast. The chief's more immediate29 retainers, some twenty in number, ate, lived, and slept in the great hall; while tables were spread outside, at which all who came sat down without question. The upper rooms of the hold were occupied by the chief, the ladies of his family, and the female domestics. Here they retired63 when they felt disposed, but their meals were served on the dais. In the evening the harper played and sang legends of deeds of bravery in the day of Ireland's independence; and as Ronald translated the songs to him Archie could not but conclude privately64 that civil war, rapine, strife65, and massacre66 must have characterized the country in those days.
At the conclusion of his stay Fergus appointed two of the retainers to accompany Archie south, and to give assurance to the various wild people through whom he might pass, that Archie's mission was a friendly one to Ireland, and that he was an honoured friend and guest of the chief of Killeen.
On his arrival in Mayo Archie found matters more favourable67 to his mission. An insurrection had already broken out, headed by some of the local chieftains, originating in a broil68 between the English soldiers of a garrison69 and the natives. The garrison had been surprised and massacred, and the wild Irish were flocking to arms. By the chieftains here Archie, on explaining his mission, was warmly welcomed. As they were already in arms no urging on his part was needed, and they despatched messengers throughout the country, saying that an emissary from Scotland had arrived, and calling upon all to rise and to join with the Scotch in shaking off the yoke of England.
Archie had therefore to travel no farther, and decided70 that he could best carry out his mission by assisting to organize and lead the Irish forces. These he speedily discovered were beyond all comparison inferior, both in arms, in discipline, and in methods of fighting, to the Scots. For a dashing foray they would be excellent. Hardy71, agile72, and full of impetuosity, they would bear down all resistance instantly, were that resistance not too strong; but against stubborn and well armed troops they would break like a wave against a rock. Archie saw that with such troops anything like regular war would be impossible, and that the struggle must be one of constant surprises, attacks, and forays, and that they could succeed only by wearing out and not by defeating the enemy. With such tactics as these they might by long perseverance succeed; but this was just what Fergus had warned him they would not practise, and that their courage was rather of a kind which would lead them to dash desperately against the line of levelled spears, rather than continue a long and weary struggle under apparently hopeless circumstances.
The chiefs, hearing from Archie that he had acted as one of Wallace's lieutenants in battles where the English had been heavily defeated, willingly consented that he should endeavour to instil73 the tactics by which those battles had been won into their own followers74; but when they found that he proposed that the men should remain stationary75 to withstand the English charges, they shook their heads.
"That will never do for our people," they said. "They must attack sword in hand. They will rush fearlessly down against any odds76, but you will never get them steadily77 to withstand a charge of men-at-arms."
Archie, however, persuaded them to allow him to organize a band of two hundred men under his immediate orders. These were armed with long pikes, and were to form a sort of reserve, in order that if the wild charge of the main body failed in its object these could cover a retreat, or serve as a nucleus78 around which they could rally. The army swelled79 rapidly; every day fresh chiefs arrived with scores of wild tribesmen. Presently the news came that an English force was advancing from the Pale against them. A council was held at which Archie was present. Very strongly he urged his views upon the chieftains, namely: that they should altogether decline a pitched battle; but that, divided into numerous parties, they should enter the Pale, destroying weak garrisons80 and ravaging81 the country, trying to wear out the English by constant skirmishes and night attacks, but refusing always to allow themselves to be tempted82 into an engagement.
"The English cannot be everywhere at once," he urged. "Let them hold only the ground on which their feet stand. As they advance or retire, close ever in on their rear, drive off their cattle and destroy their crops and granaries in the Pale; force them to live wholly in their walled towns, and as you gain in strength capture these one by one, as did we in Scotland. So, and so only, can you hope for ultimate success."
His advice was received with a silence which he at once saw betokened disapproval83. One after another of the Irish chieftains rose and declared that such a war could not be sustained.
"Our retainers," they said, "are ready to fight, but after fighting they will want to return to their homes; besides, we are fifteen thousand strong, and the English men-at-arms marching against us are but eight hundred; it would be shameful84 and cowardly to avoid a battle, and were we willing to do so our followers would not obey us. Let us first destroy this body of English, then we shall be joined by others, and can soon march straight upon Dublin."
Archie saw that it was hopeless to persevere85, and set out the following day with the wild rabble86, for they could not be termed an army, to meet the English. The leaders yielded so far to his advice as to take up a position where they would fight with the best chance of success. The spot lay between a swamp extending a vast distance, and a river, and they were thus open only to an attack in front, and could, if defeated, take refuge in the bog54, where horsemen could not follow them.
On the following morning the English were seen approaching. In addition to the 800 men-at-arms were 1000 lightly equipped footmen, for experience had taught the English commanders that in such a country lightly armed men were necessary to operate where the wide extending morasses88 prevented the employment of cavalry89. The English advanced in solid array: 300 archers90 led the way; these were followed by 700 spearmen, and the men-at-arms brought up the rear. The Irish were formed in disordered masses, each under its own chieftain. The English archers commenced the fight with a shower of arrows. Scarcely had these began to fall when the Irish with a tremendous yell rushed forward to the assault. The English archers were swept like chaff91 before them. With reckless bravery they threw themselves next upon the spearmen. The solid array was broken by the onslaught, and in a moment both parties were mixed up in wild confusion.
The sight was too much for Archie's band to view unmoved, and these, in spite of his shouts, left their ground and rushed at full speed after their companions and threw themselves into the fight.
Archie was mounted, having been presented with a horse by one of the chiefs, and he now, although hopeless of the final result, rode forward. Just as he joined the confused and struggling mass the English men-at-arms burst down upon them. As a torrent92 would cleave93 its way through a mass of loose sand, so the English men-at-arms burst through the mass of Irish, trampling94 and cutting down all in their path. Not unharmed, however, for the Irish fought desperately with axe95 and knife, hewing96 at the men-at-arms, stabbing at the horses, and even trying by sheer strength to throw the riders to the ground. After passing through the mass the men-at-arms turned and again burst down upon them. It was a repetition of the first charge. The Irish fought desperately, but it was each for himself; there was neither order nor cohesion97, and each man strove only to kill a foe98 before being himself slain. Archie and the chiefs, with the few mounted men among the retainers, strove in vain to stem the torrent. Under the orders of their leaders the English kept in a compact mass, and the weight of the horses and armour99 bore down all opposition. Four times did the men-at-arms burst through the struggling mass of Irish. As they formed to charge the fifth time the latter lost heart, and as if acting100 under a simultaneous influence they turned and fled.
The English horse burst down on the rear of the mass of fugitives, hewing them down in hundreds. Those nearest to the river dashed in, and numbers were drowned in striving to cross it. The main body, however, made for the swamp, and though in the crush many sank in and perished miserably101 here, the great majority, leaping lightly from tuft to tuft, gained the heart of the morass87, the pursuing horse reining102 up on its edge.
Ronald had kept near Archie in the fight, and when all was lost ran along by the side of his horse, holding fast to the stirrup leather. The horsemen still pressed along between the river and the morass, and Archie, following the example of several of the chiefs, alighted from his saddle, and with his companion entered the swamp. It was with the greatest difficulty that he made his way across it, and his lightly armed companion did him good service in assisting several times to drag him from the treacherous103 mire104 when he began to sink in it. At last they reached firmer ground in the heart of the swamp, and here some 5000 or 6000 fugitives were gathered. At least 4000 had fallen on the field. Many had escaped across the river, although numbers had lost their lives in the attempt. Others scattered and fled in various directions. A few of the chiefs were gathered in council when Archie arrived. They agreed that all was lost and there was nothing to do but scatter6 to their homes. Archie took no part in the discussion. That day's experience had convinced him that nothing like a permanent and determined105 insurrection was possible, and only by such a movement could the Scottish cause be aided, by forcing the English to send reinforcements across St. George's Channel. After seeing the slaughter106 which had taken place, he was rejoiced at heart that the rising had commenced before he joined it, and was in no way the result of his mission, but was one of the sporadic107 insurrections which frequently broke out in Ireland, only to be instantly and sternly repressed.
"We have failed, Sir Knight," one of the chiefs said to him, "but it was not for want of courage on the part of our men."
"No, indeed," Archie replied through his interpreter; "never did I see men fight more fiercely, but without discipline and organization victory is well nigh impossible for lightly armed footmen against heavy mailclad cavalry."
"The tactics you advised were doubtless good," the chief said; "I see their wisdom, but they are well nigh impossible to carry out with such following as ours. They are ever impatient for the fray, but quickly wearied by effort; ready to die, but not to wait; to them prudence108 means cowardice109, and their only idea of fighting is to rush full at a foe. See how they broke the English spearmen!"
"It was right well done," Archie replied, "and some day, when well trained and disciplined, Irish soldiers will be second to none in the world; but unless they will submit to training and discipline they can never hope to conquer the English."
"And now, Sir Knight, what do you propose doing?" the chief said.
"I shall make my way north," Archie replied, "and shall rejoin my king at Rathlin."
"I will send two of my men with you. They know every foot of the morasses of this neighbourhood, and when they get beyond the point familiar to them will procure110 you two others to take their places. It will need all your prudence and courage to get through, for the English men-at-arms will be scouring111 the country in groups of four, hunting all those they come across like wolves. See, already!" and he pointed to the horizon; "they are scattering112 round the edge of the morass to inclose us here; but it is many miles round, and before tomorrow is gone not a man will be left here."
When darkness fell, Archie, accompanied by Ronald and his guides, set out on his journey. Alone he could never have found his way through the swamps, but even in the darkness his guides moved along quickly, following tracks known to them with the instinct of hounds; Archie kept close on their heels, as a step only a few inches from the track might plunge113 him in a deep morass, in which in a few seconds he would sink out of sight. On nearing the edge of the bog the guides slackened their pace. Motioning to Archie to remain where he was, they crept forward noiselessly into the darkness. Not far off he could hear the calls of the English horsemen. The sounds were repeated again and again until they died away in the distance, showing that a cordon114 had been drawn115 round the morass so as to inclose the fugitives from the battle of the previous day.
In a quarter of an hour the guides returned as noiselessly as they had departed, and Archie continued the march at their heels. Even greater caution than before was now necessary in walking, for the English, before darkness had set in, had narrowly examined the edge of the morass, and had placed three or four men wherever they could discover the slightest signs of a track. Thus Archie's guides were obliged to leave the path by which they had previously116 travelled. Their progress was slow now, the party only moving for a few yards at a time, and then halting while the guides searched for ground solid enough to carry their weight. At last Archie felt the ground grow firmer under his foot, and a reconnaissance by the guides having shown them that none of the English were stationed opposite to them, they left the morass, and noiselessly made their way across the country until far beyond the English line.
All night they walked, and at daybreak entered another swamp, and lay down for the day in the long coarse grass growing on a piece of firm ground deep in its recesses117. In the evening one of the guides stole out and returned with a native of the neighbourhood, who undertook to show Archie the way on his further journey.
Ten days, or rather nights, of steady journeying brought Archie again to the rocky shore where he had landed. Throughout he had found faithful guides, whom he had rewarded by giving, as was often the custom of the time, in lieu of money, a link or two of one of his gold chains. He and Ronald again took refuge in the cave where they had passed the first night of their landing. It was untenanted now.
Here they abode for a fortnight, Ronald going up every two or three days to purchase provisions at the scattered cottages. On Saturday night they lit a great fire just inside the mouth of the cave, so that while the flames could be seen far out at sea the light would be unobserved by the garrison of Dunluce or any straggler on the cliff above. It had been arranged with Duncan that every Saturday night, weather permitting, he should sail across and look for a signal fire. The first Saturday night was wild and stormy, and although they lit the fire they had but slight idea that Duncan would put out. The following week, however, the night was calm and bright, and after piling up the fire high they proceeded to the causeway, and two hours later saw to their joy a boat approaching. In a few minutes they were on board, and by the following morning reached Rathlin.
The king and his companions welcomed Archie's return warmly, although the report which he made showed that there was no hope of obtaining any serious diversion of the English attack by a permanent rising in Ireland; and the king, on hearing Archie's account of all that had passed, assured him that he felt that, although he had failed, no one, under the circumstances, could have done otherwise.
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abode
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| n.住处，住所 | |
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miserable
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| adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的 | |
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sparse
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| adj.稀疏的，稀稀落落的，薄的 | |
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sparsely
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| adv.稀疏地；稀少地；不足地；贫乏地 | |
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scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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scatter
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| vt.撒，驱散，散开；散布/播；vi.分散，消散 | |
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feudal
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| adj.封建的，封地的，领地的 | |
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pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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primitive
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| adj.原始的；简单的；n.原(始)人，原始事物 | |
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betokened
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| v.预示，表示( betoken的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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knight
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| n.骑士，武士；爵士 | |
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insignificant
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| adj.无关紧要的，可忽略的，无意义的 | |
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apparently
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| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
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perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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planks
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| （厚）木板( plank的名词复数 )； 政纲条目，政策要点 | |
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plying
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| v.使用（工具）( ply的现在分词 )；经常供应（食物、饮料）；固定往来；经营生意 | |
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aged
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| adj.年老的，陈年的 | |
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harp
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| n.竖琴；天琴座 | |
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quaint
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| adj.古雅的，离奇有趣的，奇怪的 | |
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replenished
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| 补充( replenish的过去式和过去分词 )； 重新装满 | |
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charcoal
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| n.炭，木炭，生物炭 | |
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tunic
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ornaments
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| n.装饰( ornament的名词复数 )；点缀；装饰品；首饰v.装饰，点缀，美化( ornament的第三人称单数 ) | |
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scotch
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| n.伤口，刻痕；苏格兰威士忌酒；v.粉碎，消灭，阻止；adj.苏格兰(人)的 | |
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thereby
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tract
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| n.传单，小册子，大片(土地或森林) | |
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narrative
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| n.叙述，故事；adj.叙事的，故事体的 | |
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animated
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| adj.生气勃勃的，活跃的，愉快的 | |
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immediate
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| adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的 | |
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picturesque
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likeness
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| n.相像，相似（之处） | |
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glossy
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| adj.平滑的；有光泽的 | |
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33
smoothly
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| adv.平滑地，顺利地，流利地，流畅地 | |
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34
eyebrows
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| 眉毛( eyebrow的名词复数 ) | |
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35
mobility
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| n.可动性，变动性，情感不定 | |
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36
recital
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| n.朗诵，独奏会，独唱会 | |
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37
wrought
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| v.引起；以…原料制作；运转；adj.制造的 | |
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38
vestiges
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| 残余部分( vestige的名词复数 )； 遗迹； 痕迹； 毫不 | |
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39
opposition
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| n.反对，敌对 | |
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40
fortresses
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| 堡垒，要塞( fortress的名词复数 ) | |
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41
yoke
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| n.轭；支配；v.给...上轭，连接，使成配偶 | |
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42
minor
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| adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修 | |
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43
lieutenants
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| n.陆军中尉( lieutenant的名词复数 )；副职官员；空军；仅低于…官阶的官员 | |
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44
fray
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| v.争吵；打斗；磨损，磨破；n.吵架；打斗 | |
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45
obstinacy
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| n.顽固；（病痛等）难治 | |
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46
desperately
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| adv.极度渴望地，绝望地，孤注一掷地 | |
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47
collapse
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| vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷 | |
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48
fortitude
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| n.坚忍不拔；刚毅 | |
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49
prospect
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| n.前景，前途；景色，视野 | |
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50
regain
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| vt.重新获得，收复，恢复 | |
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51
bloody
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| adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染 | |
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52
perseverance
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| n.坚持不懈，不屈不挠 | |
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53
bogs
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| n.沼泽，泥塘( bog的名词复数 )；厕所v.（使）陷入泥沼， （使）陷入困境( bog的第三人称单数 )；妨碍，阻碍 | |
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54
bog
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| n.沼泽；室...陷入泥淖 | |
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55
slain
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| 杀死，宰杀，杀戮( slay的过去分词 )； (slay的过去分词) | |
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56
woes
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| 困境( woe的名词复数 )； 悲伤； 我好苦哇； 某人就要倒霉 | |
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57
fugitives
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| n.亡命者，逃命者( fugitive的名词复数 ) | |
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58
survivors
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| 幸存者，残存者，生还者( survivor的名词复数 ) | |
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59
patriotic
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| adj.爱国的，有爱国心的 | |
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60
possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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61
justified
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| a.正当的，有理的 | |
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62
lavish
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| adj.无节制的；浪费的；vt.慷慨地给予，挥霍 | |
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63
retired
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| adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的 | |
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64
privately
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| adv.以私人的身份，悄悄地，私下地 | |
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65
strife
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| n.争吵，冲突，倾轧，竞争 | |
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66
massacre
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| n.残杀，大屠杀；v.残杀，集体屠杀 | |
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67
favourable
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| adj.赞成的，称赞的，有利的，良好的，顺利的 | |
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68
broil
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| v.烤，烧，争吵，怒骂；n.烤，烧，争吵，怒骂 | |
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69
garrison
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| n.卫戍部队；驻地，卫戍区；vt.派(兵)驻防 | |
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70
decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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71
hardy
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| adj.勇敢的，果断的，吃苦的；耐寒的 | |
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72
agile
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| adj.敏捷的，灵活的 | |
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73
instil
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| v.逐渐灌输 | |
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74
followers
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| 追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件 | |
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75
stationary
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| adj.固定的，静止不动的 | |
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76
odds
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| n.让步，机率，可能性，比率；胜败优劣之别 | |
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77
steadily
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| adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地 | |
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78
nucleus
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| n.核，核心，原子核 | |
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79
swelled
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| 增强( swell的过去式和过去分词 )； 肿胀； （使）凸出； 充满（激情） | |
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80
garrisons
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| 守备部队，卫戍部队( garrison的名词复数 ) | |
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81
ravaging
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| 毁坏( ravage的现在分词 )； 蹂躏； 劫掠； 抢劫 | |
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82
tempted
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| v.怂恿（某人）干不正当的事；冒…的险（tempt的过去分词） | |
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83
disapproval
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| n.反对，不赞成 | |
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84
shameful
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| adj.可耻的，不道德的 | |
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85
persevere
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| v.坚持，坚忍，不屈不挠 | |
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86
rabble
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| n.乌合之众，暴民；下等人 | |
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87
morass
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| n.沼泽，困境 | |
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88
morasses
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| n.缠作一团( morass的名词复数 )；困境；沼泽；陷阱 | |
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89
cavalry
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| n.骑兵；轻装甲部队 | |
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90
archers
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| n.弓箭手，射箭运动员( archer的名词复数 ) | |
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91
chaff
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| v.取笑，嘲笑；n.谷壳 | |
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92
torrent
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| n.激流，洪流；爆发，(话语等的)连发 | |
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93
cleave
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| v．(clave；cleaved)粘着，粘住；坚持；依恋 | |
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94
trampling
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| 踩( trample的现在分词 )； 践踏； 无视； 侵犯 | |
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95
axe
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| n.斧子；v.用斧头砍，削减 | |
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96
hewing
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| v.（用斧、刀等）砍、劈( hew的现在分词 )；砍成；劈出；开辟 | |
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97
cohesion
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| n.团结，凝结力 | |
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98
foe
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| n.敌人，仇敌 | |
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99
armour
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| （=armor）n.盔甲；装甲部队 | |
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100
acting
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| n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的 | |
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101
miserably
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| adv.痛苦地；悲惨地；糟糕地；极度地 | |
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102
reining
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| 勒缰绳使（马）停步( rein的现在分词 )； 驾驭； 严格控制； 加强管理 | |
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103
treacherous
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| adj.不可靠的，有暗藏的危险的；adj.背叛的，背信弃义的 | |
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104
mire
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| n.泥沼，泥泞；v.使...陷于泥泞，使...陷入困境 | |
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105
determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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106
slaughter
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| n.屠杀，屠宰；vt.屠杀，宰杀 | |
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107
sporadic
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| adj.偶尔发生的 [反]regular；分散的 | |
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108
prudence
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| n.谨慎，精明，节俭 | |
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109
cowardice
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| n.胆小，怯懦 | |
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110
procure
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| vt.获得，取得，促成；vi.拉皮条 | |
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111
scouring
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| 擦[洗]净，冲刷，洗涤 | |
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112
scattering
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| n.[物]散射；散乱，分散；在媒介质中的散播adj.散乱的；分散在不同范围的；广泛扩散的；（选票）数量分散的v.散射(scatter的ing形式)；散布；驱散 | |
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113
plunge
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| v.跳入，(使)投入，(使)陷入；猛冲 | |
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114
cordon
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| n.警戒线，哨兵线 | |
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115
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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116
previously
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| adv.以前，先前（地） | |
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117
recesses
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| n.壁凹( recess的名词复数 )；（工作或业务活动的）中止或暂停期间；学校的课间休息；某物内部的凹形空间v.把某物放在墙壁的凹处( recess的第三人称单数 )；将（墙）做成凹形，在（墙）上做壁龛；休息，休会，休庭 | |
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