During this interval2 of rest the damages which the campaign had effected in the armour3 and accoutrements of men and officers were repaired, the deep dents4 effected by sword, pike, and bullet were hammered out, the rust5 removed, and the stains of blood and bivouac obliterated6; fresh doublets and jerkins were served out from the ample stores captured from the enemy, and the army looked as gay and brilliant as when it first landed in North Germany.
Malcolm spent much of his spare time with the Count and Countess of Mansfeld, who, irrespective of their gratitude7 for the assistance he had rendered them in time of need, had taken a strong liking8 to the young Scotchman.
“You are becoming quite a court gallant10, Graheme,” one of his comrades said at a court ball where Malcolm had been enjoying himself greatly, having, thanks to the Countess of Mansfeld, no lack of partners, while many of the officers were forced to look on without taking part in the dancing, the number of ladies being altogether insufficient11 to furnish partners to the throng12 of officers, Swedish, German, and Scottish. Beyond the scarf and feathers which showed the brigade to which officers belonged, there was, even when in arms, but slight attempt at uniformity in their attire14, still less so when off duty. The scene at these balls was therefore gay in the extreme, the gallants being all attired15 in silk, satin, or velvet16 of brilliant colours slashed17 with white or some contrasting hue18. The tailors at Maintz had had a busy time of it, for in so rapid a campaign much baggage had been necessarily lost, and many of the officers required an entirely19 new outfit20 before they could take part in the court festivities.
There was, however, no lack of money, for the booty and treasure captured had been immense, and each officer having received a fixed21 share, they were well able to renew their wardrobes. Some fresh reinforcements arrived during their stay here, and the vacancies22 which battle and disease had made in the ranks were filled up.
But although the Green Brigade did not march from Maintz till the 5th of March, 1632, the whole army did not enjoy so long a rest. In February Gustavus despatched three hundred of Ramsay's regiment23 under Lieutenant24 Colonel George Douglas against the town of Creutzenach, together with a small party of English volunteers under Lord Craven. Forty-seven of the men were killed while opening the trenches25, but the next day they stormed one of the gates and drove the garrison26, which was composed of six hundred Walloons and Burgundians, out of the town into the castle of Kausemberg, which commanded it. Its position was extremely strong, its walls and bastions rising one behind another, and their aspect was so formidable that they were popularly known as the “Devil's Works.” From these the garrison opened a very heavy fire into the town, killing27 many of the Scots. Douglas, however, gave them but short respite28, for gathering29 his men he attacked the castle and carried bastion after bastion by storm until the whole were taken.
About the same time the important town of Ulm on the Danube opened its gates to the Swedes, and Sir Patrick Ruthven was appointed commandant with 1200 Swedes as garrison, Colonel Munro with two companies of musketeers marched to Coblentz and aided Otto Louis the Rhinegrave, who with a brigade of twenty troops of horse was expecting to be attacked by 10,000 Spaniards and Walloons from Spires32. Four regiments33 of Spanish horse attacked the Rhinegrave's quarters, but were charged so furiously by four troops of Swedish dragoons under Captain Hume that 300 of them were killed and the Elector of Nassau taken prisoner; after this the Spaniards retired34 beyond the Moselle.
In other parts of Germany the generals of Gustavus were equally successful. General Horn defeated the Imperialists at Heidelberg and Heilbronn. General Lowenhausen scoured35 all the shores of the Baltic, and compelled Colonel Graham, a Scotch9 soldier in the Imperial service, to surrender the Hanse town of Wismar. Graham marched out with his garrison, 3000 strong, with the honours of war en route for Silesia, but having, contrary to terms, spiked36 the cannon37, plundered38 the shipping39, and slain40 a Swedish lieutenant, Lowenhausen pursued him, and in the battle which ensued 500 of Graham's men were slain and the colonel himself with 2000 taken prisoner.
General Ottentodt was moving up the Elbe carrying all before him with a force of 14,000 men, among whom were five battalions42 of Scots and one of English. This force cleared the whole duchy of Mecklenburg, capturing all the towns and fortresses43 in rapid succession. Sir Patrick Ruthven advanced along the shores of Lake Constance, driving the Imperialists before him into the Tyrol. Magdeburg was captured by General Banner, the Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel reduced all Fulda-Paderborn and the adjacent districts, the Elector of Saxony overran Bohemia, and Sir Alexander Leslie threatened the Imperialists in Lower Saxony.
Thus the campaign of 1632 opened under the most favourable45 auspices46. The Green Brigade marched on the 5th of March to Aschaffenburg, a distance of more than thirty miles, a fact which speaks volumes for the physique and endurance of the troops, for this would in the present day be considered an extremely long march for troops, and the weight of the helmet and armour, musket31 and accoutrements, of the troops of those days was fully47 double that now carried by European soldiers. Here they were reviewed by the king.
By the 10th the whole army, 23,000 strong, were collected at Weinsheim and advanced towards Bavaria, driving before them the Imperialists under the Count de Bucquio. The Chancellor48 Oxenstiern had been left by the king with a strong force to guard his conquests on the Rhine.
No sooner had the king marched than the Spaniards again crossed the Moselle. The chancellor and the Duke of Weimar advanced against them. The Dutch troops, who formed the first line of the chancellor's army, were unable to stand the charge of the Spanish and fled in utter confusion; but the Scottish regiment of Sir Roderick Leslie, who had succeeded Sir John Hamilton on his resignation, and the battalion41 of Sir John Ruthven, charged the Spaniards with levelled pikes so furiously that these in turn were broken and driven off the field.
On the 26th of March Gustavus arrived before the important town and fortress44 of Donauworth, being joined on the same day by the Laird of Foulis with his two regiments of horse and foot. Donauworth is the key to Swabia; it stands on the Danube, and was a strongly fortified49 place, its defences being further covered by fortifications upon a lofty eminence50 close by, named the Schellemberg. It was held by the Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg with two thousand five hundred men. The country round Donauworth is fertile and hilly, and Gustavus at once seized a height which commanded the place. The Bavarians were at work upon entrenchments here as the Swedes advanced, but were forced to fall back into the town. From the foot of the hill a suburb extended to the gates of the city. This was at once occupied by five hundred musketeers, who took up their post in the houses along the main road in readiness to repel51 a sortie should the garrison attempt one; while the force on the hillside worked all night, and by daybreak on the 27th had completed and armed a twenty gun battery.
In this was placed a strong body of infantry52 under Captain Semple, a Scotchman. As this battery commanded the walls of the town, and flanked the bridge across the Danube, the position of the defenders53 was now seriously menaced, but the Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg refused the demand of Gustavus to surrender. The battery now opened fire, first demolishing54 a large stone building by the river occupied by a force of Imperialists, and then directing its fire upon the city gates.
The cannonade continued after nightfall, but in the darkness a body of Imperialist horsemen under Colonel Cronenberg dashed out at full speed through the gate, cut a passage through the musketeers in the suburb, galloped55 up the hill, and fell upon the infantry and artillery56 in the battery. So furious was their charge that the greater part of the defenders of the battery were cut down. The guns were spiked, and the cavalry57, having accomplished58 their purpose, charged down the hill, cut their way through the suburb, and regained59 the town.
This gallant exploit deranged60 the plans of the Swedes. Gustavus reconnoitred the town accompanied by Sir John Hepburn, and by the advice of that officer decided61 upon a fresh plan of operations. Hepburn pointed30 out to him that by taking possession of the angle formed by the confluence62 of the Wermitz and Danube to the west of the town the bridge crossing from Donauworth into Bavaria would be completely commanded, and the garrison would be cut off from all hope of escape and of receiving relief from Bavaria.
The plan being approved, Hepburn drew off his brigade with its artillery, and marching five miles up the Danube crossed the river at the bridge of Hassfurt, and descended63 the opposite bank until he faced Donauworth. He reached his position at midnight, and placed his cannon so as to command the whole length of the bridge, and then posted his musketeers in the gardens and houses of a suburb on the river, so that their crossfire64 also swept it.
The pikemen were drawn65 up close to the artillery at the head of the bridge. Quietly as these movements were performed the garrison took the alarm, and towards morning the duke, finding his retreat intercepted66, sallied out at the head of eight hundred musketeers to cut his way through; but as the column advanced upon the bridge the Green Brigade opened fire, the leaden hail of their musketeers smote67 the column on both sides, while the cannon ploughed lanes through it from end to end. So great was the destruction that the Bavarians retreated in confusion back into the town again, leaving the bridge strewn with their dead.
Alone the gallant Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg charged through the hail of fire across the bridge, fell upon the pikemen sword in hand, and cutting his way through them rode away, leaving his garrison to their fate. The roar of artillery informed Gustavus what was going on, and he immediately opened fire against the other side of the town and led his men to the assault of the gate.
The instant the Scotch had recovered from their surprise at the desperate feat13 performed by the duke, Hepburn, calling them together, placed himself at their head and led them across the bridge. The panic stricken fugitives68 had omitted to close the gate, and the Scotch at once entered the town. Here the garrison resisted desperately69; their pikemen barred the streets, and from every window and roof their musketeers poured their fire upon the advancing column.
The day was breaking now, and the roar of battle in the city mingled70 with that at the gates, where the Swedes were in vain striving to effect an entrance. Gradually the Scotch won their way forward; 500 of the Bavarians were killed, in addition to 400 who had fallen on the bridge. The rest now attempted to fly. Great numbers were drowned in the Danube, and the remainder were taken prisoners. The streets were encumbered71 by the heavily laden72 baggage wagons73, and a vast amount of booty fell into the hands of the Scotch, who thus became masters of the town before Gustavus and his Swedes had succeeded in carrying the gate.
The king now entered the town, and as soon as order was restored Hepburn's brigade recrossed the Danube and threw up a strong work on the other side of the bridge; for Tilly was on the Lech, but seven miles distant, and might at any moment return. He had just struck a severe blow at Marshal Horn, who had recently taken Bamberg. His force, 9000 strong, had been scattered75 to put down a rising of the country people, when Tilly with 16,000 fell upon them.
A column under Bauditzen was attacked and defeated, and Tilly's horsemen pursued them hotly to the bridge leading to the town. Marshal Horn threw a barricade76 across this and defended it until nightfall. Tilly had then fallen back before the advance of Gustavus to a very strong position on the Lech. This was an extremely rapid river, difficult to cross and easily defensible. Tilly had broken down the bridges, and was prepared to dispute till the last the further advance of the Swedes. He placed his army between Rain, where the Lech falls into the Danube, and Augsburg, a distance of sixteen miles—all the assailable77 points being strongly occupied, with small bodies of cavalry in the intervals78 to give warning of the approach of the enemy. He had been joined by Maximilian of Bavaria, and his force amounted to 40,000 men.
Gustavus gave his army four days' rest at Donauworth, and then advanced with 32,000 men against the Lech. His dragoons, who had been pushed forward, had found the bridges destroyed. He first attempted to repair that at Rain, but the fire of the artillery and musketry was so heavy that he was forced to abandon the idea. He then made a careful reconnaissance of the river, whose course was winding79 and erratic80.
Finding that at every point at which a crossing could be easily effected Tilly's batteries and troops commanded the position, he determined81 to make his attack at a point where the river made a sharp bend in the form of a semicircle, of which he occupied the outer edge. He encamped the bulk of his army at the village of Nordheim, a short distance in the rear, and erected82 three powerful batteries mounting seventy-two guns. One of these faced the centre of the loop, the others were placed opposite the sides.
The ground on the Swedish bank of the river was higher than that facing it; and when the Swedish batteries opened they so completely swept the ground inclosed by the curve of the river that the Imperialists could not advance across it, and were compelled to remain behind a rivulet83 called the Ach, a short distance in the rear of the Lech. They brought up their artillery, however, and replied to the cannonade of the Swedes.
For four days the artillery duel84 continued, and while it was going on a considerable number of troops were at work in the village of Oberndorf, which lay in a declivity85 near the river, hidden from the sight of the Imperialists, constructing a bridge. For that purpose a number of strong wooden trestles of various heights and with feet of unequal length for standing86 in the bed of the river were prepared, together with a quantity of piles to be driven in among and beside them to enable them to resist the force of the current.
On the night of the fourth day the king caused a number of fires to be lighted near the river, fed with green wood and damp straw. A favourable wind blew the smoke towards the enemy, and thus concealed87 the ground from them. At daybreak on the 5th of April, a thousand picked men crossed the river in two boats, and having reached the other side at once proceeded to throw up intrenchments to cover the head of the bridge, while at the same time the workmen began to place the trestles in position.
As soon as day broke Tilly became aware of what was being done, and two batteries opened fire upon the work at the head of the bridge and against the bridge itself; but the low and swampy88 nature of the ground on the Imperialist side of the river prevented his placing the batteries in a position from which they could command the works, and their fire proved ineffective in preventing the construction of the bridge. Seeing this, Tilly at once commenced preparations for arresting the further advance of the Swedes.
To reach his position they would be obliged to cross the swampy ground exposed to the fire of his troops, and to render their progress still more difficult he proceeded to cut down large trees, lopping and sharpening their branches to form a chevaux-de-frise before his troops. All the morning a heavy cannonade was kept up on both sides, but by noon the bridge was completed and the advance guard of the Swedes, led by Colonels Wrandel and Gassion, advanced across it. As the other brigades were following, Tilly directed General Altringer to lead his cavalry against them.
Altringer led his troops round the end of the marsh74 and charged with great bravery down upon the Swedes. These, however, had time to form up, and a tremendous fire of musketry was poured into the Imperialist horse, while the round shot from the three Swedish batteries ploughed their ranks in front and on both flanks. Under such circumstances, although fighting with reckless bravery, the Imperialist cavalry were repulsed89. Altringer, however, rallied them and led them back again to the charge, but a cannonball grazed his temple and he was carried senseless from the field. His men, shaken by the tremendous fire and deprived of their leader, fell back in confusion.
Tilly at once placed himself at the head of a chosen body of troops and advanced to the attack, fighting with the ardour and bravery which always distinguished90 him. He was short in stature91 and remarkable92 for his ugliness as well as his bravery. Lean and spare in figure, he had hollow cheeks, a long nose, a broad wrinkled forehead, heavy moustaches, and a sharp pointed chin. He had from his boyhood been fighting against the Protestants. He had learned the art of war under the cruel and pitiless Spanish general Alva in the Netherlands, of which country he was a native, and had afterwards fought against them in Bavaria, in Bohemia, and the Palatinate, and had served in Hungary against the Turks.
Until he met Gustavus at Breitenfeld he had never known a reverse. A bigoted93 Catholic, he had never hesitated at any act of cruelty which might benefit the cause for which he fought, or strike terror into the Protestants; and the singularity of his costume and the ugliness of his appearance heightened the terror which his deeds inspired among them. When not in armour his costume was modelled upon that of the Duke of Alva, consisting of a slashed doublet of green silk, with an enormously wide-brimmed and high conical hat adorned94 with a large red ostrich95 feather. In his girdle he carried a long dagger96 and a Toledo sword of immense length. His personal bravery was famous, and never did he fight more gallantly97 than when he led his veterans to the attack of the Swedes.
For twenty minutes a furious hand to hand conflict raged, and the result was still uncertain when a shot from a falconet struck Tilly on the knee and shattered the bone, and the old general fell insensible to the ground. He was carried off the field, and his troops, now without a leader, gave way, the movement being hastened by two bodies of Swedish horse, who, eager for action, swam their horses across the river and threatened to cut off the retreat. By this time evening was at hand. The Swedes had secured the passage of the river, but the Imperialist army still held its intrenched position in the wood behind the Lech. Gustavus brought the rest of his army across and halted for the night.
The Imperialist position was tremendously strong, being unassailable on the right and covered in the front by the marshy98 ground. It could still have been defended with every prospect99 of success by a determined general, but the two best Imperialist commanders were hors de combat, and Maximilian of Bavaria, the nominal100 generalissimo, had no military experience. The army, too, was disheartened by the first success of the Swedes and by the loss of the general whom they regarded as well nigh invincible101.
Tilly had now recovered his senses, but was suffering intense agony from his wound, and on being consulted by Maximilian he advised him to fall back, as the destruction of his army would leave the whole country open to the Swedes.
The Imperialists accordingly evacuated102 their position and fell back in good order during the night on Neuberg, and then to Ingolstadt. Rain and Neuberg were occupied the next day by the Swedes. Gustavus despatched Marshal Horn to follow the retreating enemy to Ingolstadt, and he himself with the rest of his army marched up the Lech to Augsburg, which was held by Colonel Breda with four thousand five hundred men.
The Imperialists had broken down the bridge, but Gustavus immediately built two others, one above and the other below the city, and summoned it to surrender. Breda, hearing that Tilly was dying, Altringer severely103 wounded, and that no help was to be expected from Maximilian, considered it hopeless to resist, and surrendered the town, which Gustavus, attended by the titular104 King of Bohemia and many other princes, entered in triumph on the following day, April 14th. The capture of Augsburg was hailed with peculiar105 satisfaction, as the city was regarded as the birthplace of the Reformation in Germany. Leaving a garrison there the king retraced106 his steps along the Lech to Neuberg, and marched thence to join Marshal Horn in front of Ingolstadt.
This town was one of the strongest places in Germany and had never been captured. It was now held by a formidable garrison, and the Imperialist army covered it on the north. Tilly had implored107 Maximilian to defend it and Ratisbon at all hazards, as their possession was a bar to the further advance of Gustavus.
The king arrived before it on the 19th, and on the following day advanced to reconnoitre it closely. The gunners of the town, seeing a number of officers approaching, fired, and with so good an aim that a cannonball carried off the hindquarters of the horse the king was riding. A cry of alarm and consternation108 burst from the officers, but their delight was great when the king rose to his feet, covered with dust and blood indeed, but otherwise unhurt.
On the following day a cannonball carried off the head of the Margrave of Baden-Durlach, and on the same day Tilly expired. With his last breath he urged Maximilian never to break his alliance with the emperor, and to appoint Colonel Cratz, an officer of great courage and ability, to the command of his army.
Gustavus remained eight days before Ingolstadt, and then, finding that the reduction of the place could not be effected without the loss of much valuable time, he raised the siege. On his march he took possession of Landshut and forced it to pay a ransom109 of 100,000 thalers and to receive a garrison, and then continued his way to Munich.
The Bavarian capital surrendered without a blow on the 17th of May. Gustavus made a triumphal entry into the town, where he obtained possession of a vast quantity of treasure and stores. Here he remained some little time reducing the country round and capturing many cities and fortresses. The Green Brigade had suffered severely at Ingolstadt. On the evening of the 19th of April the king, expecting a sally, had ordered Hepburn to post the brigade on some high ground near the gate and the soldiers remained under arms the whole night.
The glow of their matches enabled the enemy to fire with precision, and a heavy cannonade was poured upon them throughout the whole night. Three hundred men were killed as they stood, Munro losing twelve men by one shot; but the brigade stood their ground unflinchingly, and remained until morning in steady line in readiness to repel any sortie of the enemy.
The army suffered greatly on the march from the Lech to Ingolstadt, and thence to Munich, from the attacks of the country people, who were excited against them by the priests. Every straggler who fell into their hands was murdered with horrible cruelty, the hands and feet being cut off, and other savage110 mutilations being performed upon them, in revenge for which the Swedes and Scots shot all the Bavarians who fell into their hands, and burned two hundred towns and villages.
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1
arduous
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| adj.艰苦的，费力的，陡峭的 | |
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interval
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| n.间隔，间距；幕间休息，中场休息 | |
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armour
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| （=armor）n.盔甲；装甲部队 | |
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dents
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| n.花边边饰；凹痕( dent的名词复数 )；凹部；减少；削弱v.使产生凹痕( dent的第三人称单数 )；损害；伤害；挫伤（信心、名誉等） | |
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rust
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| n.锈；v.生锈；(脑子)衰退 | |
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obliterated
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| v.除去( obliterate的过去式和过去分词 )；涂去；擦掉；彻底破坏或毁灭 | |
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7
gratitude
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| adj.感激，感谢 | |
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liking
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| n.爱好；嗜好；喜欢 | |
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scotch
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| n.伤口，刻痕；苏格兰威士忌酒；v.粉碎，消灭，阻止；adj.苏格兰(人)的 | |
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gallant
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| adj.英勇的，豪侠的；(向女人)献殷勤的 | |
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insufficient
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| adj.(for，of)不足的，不够的 | |
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throng
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| n.人群，群众；v.拥挤，群集 | |
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feat
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| n.功绩；武艺，技艺；adj.灵巧的，漂亮的，合适的 | |
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attire
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| v.穿衣，装扮[同]array；n.衣着；盛装 | |
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attired
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| adj.穿着整齐的v.使穿上衣服，使穿上盛装( attire的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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velvet
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| n.丝绒，天鹅绒；adj.丝绒制的，柔软的 | |
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slashed
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| v.挥砍( slash的过去式和过去分词 )；鞭打；割破；削减 | |
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hue
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| n.色度；色调；样子 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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outfit
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| n.（为特殊用途的）全套装备，全套服装 | |
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fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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vacancies
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| n.空房间( vacancy的名词复数 )；空虚；空白；空缺 | |
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regiment
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| n.团，多数，管理；v.组织，编成团，统制 | |
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lieutenant
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| n.陆军中尉，海军上尉；代理官员，副职官员 | |
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trenches
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| 深沟，地沟( trench的名词复数 )； 战壕 | |
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garrison
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| n.卫戍部队；驻地，卫戍区；vt.派(兵)驻防 | |
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killing
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| n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财 | |
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respite
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| n.休息，中止，暂缓 | |
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gathering
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| n.集会，聚会，聚集 | |
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pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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musket
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| n.滑膛枪 | |
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spires
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| n.（教堂的） 塔尖，尖顶( spire的名词复数 ) | |
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regiments
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| （军队的）团( regiment的名词复数 )； 大量的人或物 | |
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retired
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| adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的 | |
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scoured
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| 走遍（某地）搜寻（人或物）( scour的过去式和过去分词 )； （用力）刷； 擦净； 擦亮 | |
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spiked
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| adj.有穗的；成锥形的；有尖顶的 | |
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cannon
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| n.大炮，火炮；飞机上的机关炮 | |
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plundered
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| 掠夺，抢劫( plunder的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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shipping
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| n.船运（发货，运输，乘船） | |
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40
slain
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| 杀死，宰杀，杀戮( slay的过去分词 )； (slay的过去分词) | |
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battalion
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| n.营；部队；大队(的人) | |
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42
battalions
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| n.（陆军的）一营（大约有一千兵士）( battalion的名词复数 )；协同作战的部队；军队；（组织在一起工作的）队伍 | |
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43
fortresses
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| 堡垒，要塞( fortress的名词复数 ) | |
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fortress
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| n.堡垒，防御工事 | |
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favourable
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| adj.赞成的，称赞的，有利的，良好的，顺利的 | |
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46
auspices
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| n.资助，赞助 | |
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fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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chancellor
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| n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长 | |
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49
fortified
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| adj. 加强的 | |
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eminence
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| n.卓越，显赫；高地，高处；名家 | |
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repel
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| v.击退，抵制，拒绝，排斥 | |
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infantry
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| n.[总称]步兵(部队) | |
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defenders
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| n.防御者( defender的名词复数 )；守卫者；保护者；辩护者 | |
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54
demolishing
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| v.摧毁( demolish的现在分词 )；推翻；拆毁（尤指大建筑物）；吃光 | |
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55
galloped
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| （使马）飞奔，奔驰( gallop的过去式和过去分词 )； 快速做[说]某事 | |
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artillery
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| n.(军)火炮，大炮；炮兵(部队) | |
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cavalry
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| n.骑兵；轻装甲部队 | |
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58
accomplished
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| adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的 | |
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regained
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| 复得( regain的过去式和过去分词 )； 赢回； 重回； 复至某地 | |
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deranged
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| adj.疯狂的 | |
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decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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confluence
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| n.汇合，聚集 | |
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63
descended
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| a.为...后裔的，出身于...的 | |
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crossfire
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| n.被卷进争端 | |
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drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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intercepted
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| 拦截( intercept的过去式和过去分词 )； 截住； 截击； 拦阻 | |
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smote
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| v.猛打，重击，打击( smite的过去式 ) | |
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fugitives
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| n.亡命者，逃命者( fugitive的名词复数 ) | |
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desperately
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| adv.极度渴望地，绝望地，孤注一掷地 | |
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mingled
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| 混合，混入( mingle的过去式和过去分词 )； 混进，与…交往[联系] | |
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encumbered
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| v.妨碍，阻碍，拖累( encumber的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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laden
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| adj.装满了的；充满了的；负了重担的；苦恼的 | |
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wagons
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| n.四轮的运货马车( wagon的名词复数 )；铁路货车；小手推车 | |
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marsh
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| n.沼泽，湿地 | |
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scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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barricade
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| n.路障，栅栏，障碍；vt.设路障挡住 | |
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assailable
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| adj.可攻击的，易攻击的 | |
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intervals
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| n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 )；间隔时间；[数学]区间；（戏剧、电影或音乐会的）幕间休息 | |
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winding
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| n.绕，缠，绕组，线圈 | |
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erratic
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| adj.古怪的，反复无常的，不稳定的 | |
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determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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82
ERECTED
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| adj. 直立的，竖立的，笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立，建立 | |
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rivulet
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| n.小溪，小河 | |
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duel
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| n./v.决斗；(双方的)斗争 | |
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declivity
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| n.下坡，倾斜面 | |
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standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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concealed
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| a.隐藏的，隐蔽的 | |
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swampy
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| adj.沼泽的，湿地的 | |
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repulsed
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| v.击退( repulse的过去式和过去分词 )；驳斥；拒绝 | |
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distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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stature
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| n.（高度）水平，（高度）境界，身高，身材 | |
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remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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bigoted
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| adj.固执己见的，心胸狭窄的 | |
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adorned
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| [计]被修饰的 | |
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ostrich
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| n.鸵鸟 | |
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dagger
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| n.匕首，短剑，剑号 | |
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gallantly
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| adv. 漂亮地，勇敢地，献殷勤地 | |
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marshy
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| adj.沼泽的 | |
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prospect
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| n.前景，前途；景色，视野 | |
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nominal
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| adj.名义上的；(金额、租金)微不足道的 | |
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invincible
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| adj.不可征服的，难以制服的 | |
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102
evacuated
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| 撤退者的 | |
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severely
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| adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地 | |
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titular
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| adj.名义上的，有名无实的；n.只有名义（或头衔）的人 | |
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peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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106
retraced
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| v.折回( retrace的过去式和过去分词 )；回忆；回顾；追溯 | |
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107
implored
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| 恳求或乞求（某人）( implore的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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consternation
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| n.大为吃惊，惊骇 | |
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ransom
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| n.赎金，赎身；v.赎回，解救 | |
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savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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