Mauna Kea, the highest mountain of Hawaii, occupies the northern portion of the island. In some places it descends1 in grassy2 slopes, sufficiently3 gentle to form plains, dotted here and there with the many armed pandanus and the thickly leaved kukui trees. From the resinous4 nuts of the latter the natives obtained their torches, while its rich foliage5 and grand proportions made it equally valuable for timber or shade.
At the distance of some twenty miles from the bay where the caravel was wrecked7, there was a level and extensive plain fringed with forests of the above named trees, and backed by the snow-topped mountains. The front afforded a wide-spread view of the ocean, the breezes from which, added to an elevation8 of several thousand feet, gave it a climate much cooler and more bracing9 than that of the coast. On this account, and from its natural beauties, it had from time immemorial been used by the Hawaiians as a spot on which to celebrate public games or sacred festivals. Its verdant10 and carefully irrigated12 soil afforded food for the numerous priests who belonged to the different[53] “heiaus” or temples to be seen within its limits. These were built of basaltic stones, some of which were of great size, and nicely adjusted together without cement, according to their natural fractures. Within the walls, which were massive and high, were the houses of the priests and the shrines13 where were deposited the most sacred images. Each chief of importance had his family temple, around which had grown up villages, to accommodate himself and retainers in their periodical visits to this upland region.
For a month previous to the wreck6, many thousands of the islanders had been gathered under their chiefs to engage in their annual athletic14 games. Their principal object was, however, to celebrate the festival of Lono. Now Lono was one of those mythic beings so common in America and Polynesia, who in ages long gone by, after having done many notable things for the benefit of their fellow men, disappear like Moses in some inexplicable15 manner, leaving behind them a memory always green, and a sort of implied promise to return with greater benefits in store. Indeed, heroes of this character appear amid much traditionary fog, in the youth of almost all nations. In this instance, Lono had killed his wife in a fit of jealousy16, instigated17 by a Hawaiian Iago out of malice18 equal to the Venetian’s. Love’s reaction and contrition19 drove him frantic20.[54] After founding games in honor of his victim, he put out to sea in an oddly shaped canoe,—so the tradition runs,—promising to return some future day with many good things to enhance his welcome. Whether it was from love to him, or from faith in the expected increase of comforts and riches, that they so venerated21 his memory, I am at this day unable to say, but certain it is that a more popular god did not exist in Hawaii. His festival was therefore celebrated22 with peculiar23 unction.
On this occasion it had been honored with unusual solemnity, on account of the presence of the most powerful and best beloved chief of this island, whose territory embraced the fertile bay where the caravel went ashore24.
It was the custom on the most sacred festivals to enforce perfect silence from man and beast during certain rites25. While the festival lasted, peace was universal, property respected, and under the solemn influence of the magic “tabu,” human law and police seemed unnecessary; for there was implied in this simple word, if but its spirit were infringed26, all the awful judgments27, both temporal and supernatural, that the imagination could conceive, and even more, for the very uncertainty28 of the fate which was to attend its violation29, added ten-fold force to its terrors. The simple symbol, therefore, which denoted the application of the tabu to any object, carried with it a power such as no civilized30 code ever exercised, and which the tortures of the Inquisition failed to establish.
The word tabu, as applied31 to religious matters,[55] was a ritual in itself. Hence when the high-priest set apart a certain time as tabu to Lono, the entire population knew what ceremonies were to be performed, and what was expected of each of them. During the present holidays it had been specially32 enjoined33 that the valley in which Kiana, a descendant of Lono and the supreme34 chief of more than half of Hawaii, resided, should be tabu from man and all domestic animals. For one month, profound silence was to rest upon it. Consequently, the inhabitants left for the uplands, taking with them every animal and fowl35 which they owned. It was owing to this tabu that Alvirez, when he explored the valley, met with such complete stillness amid all the outward signs of active life.
The very day, therefore, that Alvirez had so freely taken possession of the chief’s own quarters, Kiana with his people were on their march homeward. This chief, as is the aristocracy in general of Hawaii, was of commanding stature36, some six feet six inches in height, finely proportioned, with round elastic37 limbs, not over muscular or too sinewy38, like the North American Indian, but full, with a soft smooth skin and a bright olive complexion39, which was not so dark, but that the blood at times deepened the color thereon. His face was strikingly handsome, being, like his body, of that happy medium between womanly softness and the more rugged41 development of manly40 strength, which indicates a well harmonized physical structure. In repose42, one feared to see him move, lest the beauty of outline would be destroyed; but when in action, with his muscles quivering[56] with a hidden fire, his dark eyes flashing light, the full nostril43 of his race and rich sensual lip expanded with excitement, there was about him much that recalled the Apollo, particularly in the light step and eager haughty44 expression. His strength was prodigious45. He had been known in battle, having broken his javelin46, to seize an enemy by the leg and neck, and break his spine47 by a blow across his knees. Fierce he undoubtedly48 was to his foes49, but there were in all his actions a pervading50 manliness51 and generosity52, joined to a winning demeanor53, which stamped him as one of nature’s gentlemen. No rival of his tribe disputed his authority, because all felt safer and better under his rule. By moral influence, rather than by force, all the other chiefs of this portion of Hawaii looked to him as their leader and umpire; so that without any of the dubious54 treaties and forms of a confederated government, they had all the advantages of one, while each remained free within his own territorial55 confines.
By nature humane56, Kiana had infused into their general policy and domestic life a more liberal spirit towards inferiors, and a less servile feeling towards the priesthood. He held the latter, in general, in small esteem57, perceiving how much they were disposed to corrupt58 the simplest power of nature into a hideous59 mythology60, based upon fear and superstition61, to the intent to enrich themselves at the expense of the people. As he also inherited the office of high-priest, his influence was the more effective, inasmuch as he set the example of neglecting all the requirements of their pagan ritual which[57] were cruel or oppressive, while the games and festivals, which tended to develop their physical powers and give them amusements, or to lighten their general labors62, were sedulously63 cared for. His people were therefore happy and prosperous, and, at the date of this tale, exhibited an agreeable picture of a race blessed with a salubrious climate, a soil ample for all their simple wants, living almost patriarchally under a beloved chief, whose more intelligent mind, by example rather than argument, had influenced them to a form of idolatry which in its offerings of only fruits of the earth, to its symbolized64 phenomena65 or the images of departed men once venerated for their moral worth, in some degree connected their souls through refining influences with the Great Maker66.
In closing the festival, the procession was formed with great state and solemnity, preparatory to its final departure from the sacred plain. First came a thousand men in regular files, armed with swords of sharks’ teeth and slings67. Each had a laurel wreath on his head, and a tapa mantle68 of bright red thrown loosely over his shoulders. This corps69 led the way to the noise of rude drums and other barbarous music. Behind them marched a more numerous body in detached companies, armed with javelins70 and spears, and a species of wooden mace71, which, dexterously72 used, becomes a formidable weapon. In addition, each man carried a dagger73 of the same material, from sixteen inches to two feet long. All wore helmets of wicker work, shaped like the Grecian casque and covered with[58] various colored feathers. These helmets in connection with their bright war cloaks, gave to the whole array a classical look not unworthy of the heroic days of Greece. The appearance of the men was martial74, and their step firm and regular.
In the centre of their array there was a selected corps of one hundred young chiefs, armed with still better weapons. Their costume was also much richer than that of the common men. They wore scarlet75 feather cloaks and helmets. Conspicuous76 amid them, borne upon a litter hung about with crimson77 drapery, sat Kiana. His helmet was surmounted78 by a graceful79 crest80 from which lightly floated a plume81 taken from the long and beautiful feathers of the tropic bird. Both the helmet and his war cloak were made of brilliant yellow feathers, so small and delicate as to appear like scales of gold. These two articles were the richest treasures in the regalia of Hawaii. The birds from which the feathers are obtained,—one only from under each wing,—are found solely82 in the most inaccessible83 parts of the mountains and ensnared with great difficulty. Nearly one hundred and fifty years, or nine generations of Kiana’s ancestors had been occupied in collecting a sufficient number to make this truly regal helmet and cloak. This was the first occasion he had had to display them. He bore himself in consequence even more royally than ever before; for savage84 though he was, the pride of ancestry85 and the trappings of power warmed his blood as fully11 as if he had been a civilized ruler.
Immediately behind him was borne a colossal[59] image of Lono. It was carved with greater skill than common, and surrounded by a company of white-robed priests, chanting the “mele” or hymn86, which had been composed upon his disappearance87. At particular parts the whole people joined with a melancholy88 refrain, that gave a living interest to the story, and showed how forcible was the hold it had upon their imaginations. On either side of Kiana, were twelve men of immense size and strength, naked to their waist-cloths, two by two, bearing the “kahilis,” as were called the insignia of his rank. These were formed of scarlet feathers, thickly set, in the shape of a plume, of eighteen inches diameter, about ten feet high, and tipped to the depth of a foot with yellow feathers. With the handles, which were encircled with alternate rings of ivory or tortoise-shell, their entire height was twenty feet. As they towered and waved above the multitude, they conveyed an idea of state and grandeur89 inferior to nothing of the kind that has ever graced the ceremonies of the white man.
The women of his household followed close to the chief. Their aristocratic birth and breeding were manifest in their corpulency and haughty bearing. To exaggerate their size,—which was partly a criterion of noble blood—they had swelled90 their waists with voluminous folds of gaudy91 cloths, under the pressure of which, added to their own bulk, they waddled92 rather than walked. Helped by young and active attendants, their pace was, however, equal to the slow progress of the procession.[60] A numerous retinue93 of their own sex, bearing their tokens of rank, fans, fly-brushes, spittoons, sunscreens, and lighter94 articles of clothing, waited upon them. Some of these young women were gracefully95 formed, fair and voluptuous96, with pleasant features, without any excess of flesh. In contrast with their mistresses, they might have been considered as beauties, as, indeed, they were the belles97 of Hawaii. Small, soft hands, delicate and tapering98 fingers, satin-like in their touch and gentle and pleasant to the shake, were common among all.
The women in general were a laughing, merry[61] set, prone99 to affection, finery, and sensuous100 enjoyment101. But the lower orders were workers in the fullest sense, the men being their task-masters, treating them as an inferior caste by imposing102 upon their sex arbitrary distinctions in their food, domestic privileges, duties, and even religious rites, so that their social condition was wantonly degraded. Yet females were admitted to power and often held the highest rank.
Besides this state there was a vast throng103 of attendants carrying burdens, or driving before them their domestic animals. The families of the soldiery followed the procession, in irregular masses, as it defiled104 from the plain into the valleys that led towards the coast. In advancing, its numbers gradually lessened105 by the departure of warriors106, and minor107 chiefs with their retainers, for their respective destinations. With the exception of those immediately about Kiana, all order of march soon ceased, and the crowd spread themselves over hill and valley shouting and jeering108, in their good-natured hurry to reach their homes. The fowls109 cackled, the dogs barked. The swine with ominous110 grunts111 charged in all directions, upsetting impartially112 owners and neighbors, amid the laughter and cheers of the lookers on. Children grew doubly mischievous113 in the turmoil114, running hither and thither115, with frantic cries, pushing and crowding each other over rocks into the rapid streams, in which they were as much at home as the fishes. They tripped up their heavily laden116 parents in their gambols117 about their footsteps, dodging118 the quick blow in return[62] with the slipperiness of eels119, or repaying with equally noisy coin the threats of future floggings, which they well knew would be forgotten over the first meal. The more sedate120 vented121 their enthusiasm in deep toned songs, which, as they swelled into full chorus, filled the air with a wild music, in keeping with the scene. In forest and grove122 the birds listened and replied in musical notes that thrilled sweetly on the ear amid the medley123 of sounds. Nature was awake to the scene. From every tree and rock, out of each dell and off each hill-top, there came voices to mingle124 in the general jubilee125. The mountain breezes poured their anthems126 in joyous127 harmony through branch and leaf. Buds and blossoms bowing before balmy airs, shook out their fragrance128. Cascades129 sparkled and leaped, foamed130 and roared in the bright sun. Rivulets131, looking in the distance like silver threads, stole with soothing132 murmurs133 along the plains, while the startled wild fowl with defiant134 note fled deeper into the forest or skulked135 closer in the thicket136 as the living current swept by.
While all was thus life and motion in the uplands, the solitude137 of the sea coast remained as described in the last chapter. Alvirez and his party had disposed themselves for the night as best suited their individual convenience. There was no lack of accommodation or retirement138. Each might have selected a village to himself, but they all remained within the enclosure where we left them. Juan and Beatriz occupied the principal house. Olmedo chose one near, and the good[63] man was soon dreaming of his early Castilian cell. Tolta watched long and late, and then stretched himself, mastiff-like, upon a mat at the threshold of the house in which Beatriz slept. The three seamen139, after sundry140 explorations, which seemed to give them small satisfaction, cursed their luck in being wrecked on a land which had not even copper141, much less gold or silver, in short, anything whatever which came up to their ideas of spoil, and closing their eyes, muttered their discontent even in their sleep.
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1
descends
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| v.下来( descend的第三人称单数 )；下去；下降；下斜 | |
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grassy
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| adj.盖满草的；长满草的 | |
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sufficiently
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| adv.足够地，充分地 | |
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resinous
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| adj.树脂的，树脂质的，树脂制的 | |
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foliage
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| n.叶子，树叶，簇叶 | |
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wreck
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| n.失事，遇难；沉船；vt.(船等)失事，遇难 | |
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wrecked
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| adj.失事的，遇难的 | |
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8
elevation
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| n.高度；海拔；高地；上升；提高 | |
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bracing
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| adj.令人振奋的 | |
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verdant
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| adj.翠绿的，青翠的，生疏的，不老练的 | |
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fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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irrigated
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| [医]冲洗的 | |
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shrines
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| 圣地，圣坛，神圣场所( shrine的名词复数 ) | |
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athletic
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| adj.擅长运动的，强健的；活跃的，体格健壮的 | |
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inexplicable
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| adj.无法解释的，难理解的 | |
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jealousy
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| n.妒忌，嫉妒，猜忌 | |
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instigated
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| v.使（某事物）开始或发生，鼓动( instigate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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18
malice
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| n.恶意，怨恨，蓄意；[律]预谋 | |
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contrition
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| n.悔罪，痛悔 | |
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frantic
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| adj.狂乱的，错乱的，激昂的 | |
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venerated
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| 敬重（某人或某事物），崇敬( venerate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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celebrated
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| adj.有名的，声誉卓著的 | |
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peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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ashore
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| adv.在(向)岸上，上岸 | |
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rites
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| 仪式，典礼( rite的名词复数 ) | |
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infringed
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| v.违反（规章等）( infringe的过去式和过去分词 )；侵犯（某人的权利）；侵害（某人的自由、权益等） | |
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judgments
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| 判断( judgment的名词复数 )； 鉴定； 评价； 审判 | |
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uncertainty
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| n.易变，靠不住，不确知，不确定的事物 | |
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violation
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| n.违反(行为)，违背(行为)，侵犯 | |
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civilized
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| a.有教养的，文雅的 | |
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applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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specially
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| adv.特定地；特殊地；明确地 | |
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enjoined
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| v.命令( enjoin的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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supreme
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| adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的 | |
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fowl
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| n.家禽，鸡，禽肉 | |
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stature
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| n.（高度）水平，（高度）境界，身高，身材 | |
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elastic
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| n.橡皮圈，松紧带；adj.有弹性的；灵活的 | |
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sinewy
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| adj.多腱的，强壮有力的 | |
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complexion
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| n.肤色；情况，局面；气质，性格 | |
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manly
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| adj.有男子气概的；adv.男子般地，果断地 | |
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rugged
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| adj.高低不平的，粗糙的，粗壮的，强健的 | |
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repose
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| v.(使)休息；n.安息 | |
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43
nostril
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| n.鼻孔 | |
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44
haughty
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| adj.傲慢的，高傲的 | |
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45
prodigious
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| adj.惊人的，奇妙的；异常的；巨大的；庞大的 | |
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46
javelin
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| n.标枪，投枪 | |
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47
spine
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| n.脊柱，脊椎；(动植物的)刺；书脊 | |
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48
undoubtedly
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| adv.确实地，无疑地 | |
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49
foes
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| 敌人，仇敌( foe的名词复数 ) | |
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50
pervading
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| v.遍及，弥漫( pervade的现在分词 ) | |
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51
manliness
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| 刚毅 | |
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52
generosity
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| n.大度，慷慨，慷慨的行为 | |
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53
demeanor
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| n.行为；风度 | |
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54
dubious
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| adj.怀疑的，无把握的；有问题的，靠不住的 | |
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55
territorial
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| adj.领土的，领地的 | |
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56
humane
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| adj.人道的，富有同情心的 | |
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57
esteem
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| n.尊敬，尊重；vt.尊重，敬重；把…看作 | |
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58
corrupt
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| v.贿赂，收买；adj.腐败的，贪污的 | |
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59
hideous
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| adj.丑陋的，可憎的，可怕的，恐怖的 | |
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60
mythology
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| n.神话，神话学，神话集 | |
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61
superstition
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| n.迷信，迷信行为 | |
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62
labors
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| v.努力争取(for)( labor的第三人称单数 )；苦干；详细分析；（指引擎）缓慢而困难地运转 | |
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63
sedulously
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| ad.孜孜不倦地 | |
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symbolized
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| v.象征，作为…的象征( symbolize的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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phenomena
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| n.现象 | |
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maker
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| n.制造者，制造商 | |
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67
slings
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| 抛( sling的第三人称单数 )； 吊挂； 遣送； 押往 | |
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68
mantle
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| n.斗篷，覆罩之物，罩子；v.罩住，覆盖，脸红 | |
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69
corps
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| n.(通信等兵种的)部队；(同类作的)一组 | |
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70
javelins
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| n.标枪( javelin的名词复数 ) | |
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71
mace
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| n.狼牙棒，豆蔻干皮 | |
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72
dexterously
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| adv.巧妙地，敏捷地 | |
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73
dagger
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| n.匕首，短剑，剑号 | |
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74
martial
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| adj.战争的，军事的，尚武的，威武的 | |
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75
scarlet
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| n.深红色，绯红色，红衣；adj.绯红色的 | |
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conspicuous
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| adj.明眼的，惹人注目的；炫耀的，摆阔气的 | |
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crimson
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| n./adj.深(绯)红色(的)；vi.脸变绯红色 | |
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surmounted
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| 战胜( surmount的过去式和过去分词 )； 克服（困难）； 居于…之上； 在…顶上 | |
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graceful
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| adj.优美的，优雅的；得体的 | |
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crest
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| n.顶点；饰章；羽冠；vt.达到顶点；vi.形成浪尖 | |
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plume
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| n.羽毛；v.整理羽毛，骚首弄姿，用羽毛装饰 | |
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solely
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| adv.仅仅，唯一地 | |
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inaccessible
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| adj.达不到的，难接近的 | |
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savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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ancestry
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| n.祖先，家世 | |
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hymn
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| n.赞美诗，圣歌，颂歌 | |
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disappearance
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| n.消失，消散，失踪 | |
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melancholy
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| n.忧郁，愁思；adj.令人感伤（沮丧）的，忧郁的 | |
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grandeur
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| n.伟大，崇高，宏伟，庄严，豪华 | |
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swelled
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| 增强( swell的过去式和过去分词 )； 肿胀； （使）凸出； 充满（激情） | |
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gaudy
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| adj.华而不实的；俗丽的 | |
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waddled
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| v.（像鸭子一样）摇摇摆摆地走( waddle的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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retinue
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| n.侍从；随员 | |
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lighter
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| n.打火机，点火器；驳船；v.用驳船运送；light的比较级 | |
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gracefully
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| ad.大大方方地；优美地 | |
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voluptuous
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| adj.肉欲的，骄奢淫逸的 | |
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belles
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| n.美女( belle的名词复数 )；最美的美女 | |
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tapering
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| adj.尖端细的 | |
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prone
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| adj.(to)易于…的，很可能…的；俯卧的 | |
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sensuous
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| adj.激发美感的；感官的，感觉上的 | |
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101
enjoyment
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| n.乐趣；享有；享用 | |
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102
imposing
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| adj.使人难忘的，壮丽的，堂皇的，雄伟的 | |
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throng
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| n.人群，群众；v.拥挤，群集 | |
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defiled
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| v.玷污( defile的过去式和过去分词 )；污染；弄脏；纵列行进 | |
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lessened
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| 减少的，减弱的 | |
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warriors
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| 武士，勇士，战士( warrior的名词复数 ) | |
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minor
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| adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修 | |
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jeering
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| adj.嘲弄的，揶揄的v.嘲笑( jeer的现在分词 ) | |
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109
fowls
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| 鸟( fowl的名词复数 )； 禽肉； 既不是这； 非驴非马 | |
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ominous
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| adj.不祥的，不吉的，预兆的，预示的 | |
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grunts
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| （猪等）作呼噜声( grunt的第三人称单数 )； （指人）发出类似的哼声； 咕哝着说； 石鲈 | |
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impartially
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| adv.公平地，无私地 | |
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113
mischievous
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| adj.调皮的，恶作剧的，有害的，伤人的 | |
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turmoil
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| n.骚乱，混乱，动乱 | |
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115
thither
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| adv.向那里；adj.在那边的，对岸的 | |
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laden
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| adj.装满了的；充满了的；负了重担的；苦恼的 | |
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gambols
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| v.蹦跳，跳跃，嬉戏( gambol的第三人称单数 ) | |
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118
dodging
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| n.避开，闪过，音调改变v.闪躲( dodge的现在分词 )；回避 | |
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119
eels
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| abbr. 电子发射器定位系统（=electronic emitter location system） | |
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120
sedate
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| adj.沉着的，镇静的，安静的 | |
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121
vented
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| 表达，发泄（感情，尤指愤怒）( vent的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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122
grove
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| n.林子，小树林，园林 | |
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123
medley
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| n.混合 | |
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124
mingle
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| vt.使混合，使相混；vi.混合起来；相交往 | |
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125
jubilee
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| n.周年纪念；欢乐 | |
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126
anthems
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| n.赞美诗( anthem的名词复数 )；圣歌；赞歌；颂歌 | |
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127
joyous
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| adj.充满快乐的；令人高兴的 | |
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128
fragrance
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| n.芬芳，香味，香气 | |
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129
cascades
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| 倾泻( cascade的名词复数 )； 小瀑布（尤指一连串瀑布中的一支）； 瀑布状物； 倾泻（或涌出）的东西 | |
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130
foamed
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| 泡沫的 | |
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131
rivulets
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| n.小河，小溪( rivulet的名词复数 ) | |
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132
soothing
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| adj.慰藉的；使人宽心的；镇静的 | |
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133
murmurs
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| n.低沉、连续而不清的声音( murmur的名词复数 )；低语声；怨言；嘀咕 | |
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134
defiant
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| adj.无礼的，挑战的 | |
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135
skulked
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| v.潜伏，偷偷摸摸地走动，鬼鬼祟祟地活动( skulk的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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136
thicket
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| n.灌木丛，树林 | |
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137
solitude
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| n. 孤独; 独居,荒僻之地,幽静的地方 | |
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138
retirement
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| n.退休，退职 | |
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139
seamen
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| n.海员 | |
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140
sundry
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| adj.各式各样的，种种的 | |
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141
copper
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| n.铜；铜币；铜器；adj.铜(制)的；(紫)铜色的 | |
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