"The sons of the King of Chumbiri," said Frank, "proved treacherous2. Soon after starting they lagged behind, and the explorers continued without them. Nothing of importance occurred during the day, and the camp was made for the night in a dense3 forest near the bank of the river. Hardly had the explorers landed before loud shrieks4 were heard from a boy who narrowly escaped being eaten by a python. Half an hour later the same python, or another, was found in another part of the camp trying to throw his folds about one of the women. There was great excitement, and the snake was promptly5 killed. He measured thirteen feet six inches in length, and was fifteen inches around the thickest part of the body.
SON OF THE KING OF CHUMBIRI.
"The next morning, just as they were preparing breakfast, they were attacked by a party of savages7 who opened fire upon them with muskets8. Fourteen of Mr. Stanley's men were wounded before the assailants were put to flight; when the expedition continued on its journey it was found that their camping-place had been about two miles above the village to which their assailants belonged. All the warriors10 of the village came out to the bank of the river with their muskets and spears,[Pg 301]
[Pg 302] but the travellers kept at a safe distance and were not harmed. The sons of the king came up with them shortly afterwards, but made such extraordinary demands for escorting the party to the falls that the explorer concluded to go along without them. He gives it as his opinion that this oily-tongued king is the greatest rascal in all Africa.
A PYTHON IN AN AFRICAN FOREST.
"And now," said Frank, "I will read to you about the approach to the famous falls of the lower Congo.
"About 11 a.m. of the 12th the river gradually expanded from fourteen hundred to twenty-five hundred yards, which admitted us in view of a mighty11 breadth of river, which the men at once, with happy appropriateness, termed 'a pool.' Sandy islands rose in front of us like a sea-beach, and on the right towered a long row of cliffs, white and glistening12, so like the cliffs of Dover that Frank at once exclaimed that it was a bit of England. The grassy13 table-land above the cliffs appeared as green as a lawn, and so much reminded Frank of Kentish Downs that he exclaimed enthusiastically, 'I feel we are nearing home.'
"While I was taking an observation at noon of the position, Frank, with my glass in his hand, ascended14 the highest part of the large sandy dune15 that had been deposited by the mighty river, and took a survey of its strange and sudden expansion, and after he came back he said, 'Why, I declare, sir, this place is just like a pool; as broad as it is long. There are mountains all round it, and it appears to me almost circular.'[10]
"'Well, if it is a pool, we must distinguish it by some name. Give me a suitable name for it, Frank.'
"'Why not call it "Stanley Pool," and these cliffs Dover Cliffs? For no traveller who may come here again will fail to recognize the cliffs by that name.'
THE NORTHERN END OF STANLEY POOL.
"Subsequent events brought these words vividly16 to my recollection, and in accordance with Frank's suggestion I have named this lakelike expansion of the river[Pg 303] from Dover Cliffs to the first cataract17 of the Livingstone Falls—embracing about thirty square miles—the Stanley Pool. The latitude18 of the entrance from above to the pool was ascertained20 to be 4° 3' south.
"The left shore is occupied by the populous21 settlements of Nshasa, Nkunda, and Ntamo. The right is inhabited by the wild Bateké, who are generally accused of being cannibals.
MAP OF STANLEY POOL.
"Soon after we began our descent of the pool, skirting the right shore, we observed a chalky mount, near which were two or three columns of the same material. From a cove22 just below emerged two or three Bateké canoes, the crews of which, after collecting their faculties23, consented to show us the cataract, the noise of which, as they attempted to describe it, elicited25 roars of laughter from the members of the expedition. This outburst of loud merriment conquered all reluctance26 on the part of the Bateké to accompany us.
"After winding27 in and out of many creeks29 which were very shallow, we approached the village of Mankoneh, the chief of the Bateké. His people during the daytime are generally scattered30 over these sandy dunes31 of the Stanley Pool attending to their nets and fish-snares, and to protect themselves from the hot sun always take with them several large mats to form sheds. Mankoneh, to our great delight, was a bluff32, hearty33, genial34 soul, who expressed unbounded pleasure at seeing us; he also volunteered to guide us to the falls. He was curious to know how we proposed travelling after arriving near them, for it was impossible, he said, to descend35 the falls. By a ludicrous pantomime he led us to understand that they were something very fearful.
[Pg 304]
"A few hundred yards below his village the pool sharply contracted, and the shore of Ntamo—a projecting point from the crescent-shaped ridge36 beyond—appeared at a distance of two thousand yards. It was then that we heard for the first time the low and sullen37 thunder of the first cataract of the Livingstone Falls.
"Slowly Mankoneh, in his canoe, glided38 down towards it, and louder it grew on the ears, until when within one hundred yards of the first line of broken water, he pointed39 forward and warned us not to proceed farther. We made for the shore, and found ourselves on a narrow, ledgelike terrace bristling40 with great blocks of granite41, amid a jungly tangle42, which grew at the base of high hills. Here, after a short busy period with axe43 and machete, we constructed a rude camp. The only level spot was not six feet square.
"Mankoneh, the Bateké chief, pointed out to us the village of Itsi, the chief of Ntamo, which is situated44 on the left bank, in a line with the beginning of the first cataract, and spoke45 of Itsi with great respect, as though he were very powerful.
"About 5 p.m. a small canoe was observed to cross over to our side from the left bank, a mile above the falls. The canoe-men, through the representations of our hearty friend Mankoneh, were soon induced to land in our camp to converse46 with the white men, and before long we had succeeded in making them feel quite at home with us. As they were in a quiver of anxious desire to impart to the chief Itsi all the wonderful things they had witnessed with us, they departed about sunset, solemnly promising47 we should see the famous Itsi of Ntamo next morning.
"Lashing48 our canoes firmly lest an accident should happen during the night, we turned to our rude huts to sleep in peace. We were all very hungry, as we had been able to purchase nothing from the natives since leaving Chumbiri five days before, and we had been more than usually improvident49, having placed far too much reliance on the representations so profusely50 made to us by the mild-voiced but cunning king of Chumbiri. From very shame I refrain from publishing the stores of goods with which I purchased the glib51 promises of assistance from Chumbiri, not one of which was realized.
ONE OF THE KING'S WARRIORS.
"Morning of the 13th of March found us, from the early hours of dawn, anxiously waiting the arrival of Itsi of Ntamo and the reappearance of Mankoneh. From our camp we might easily with a glass note any movement on the other bank. At 9 a.m.—Itsi evidently was not an early riser—a large canoe and two consorts52, laden53 with men, were seen propelled up stream along the left bank, and, a mile above the landing-place, to[Pg 305] cross the river at a furious pace. The rows of upright figures, with long paddles, bending their bodies forward in unison54, and their voices rising in a swelling55 chorus to the sound of the steady beat of a large drum, formed a pretty and inspiring sight. Arriving at the right bank, with a perfect recklessness of the vicinity of the falls, they dashed down towards our camp at the rate of six knots an hour. The large war-canoe, though not quite equal to the monster of the Aruwimi in size, was a noble vessel56, and Itsi, who was seated in state 'midship,' with several gray-headed elders near him, was conscious, when he saw our admiration57, that he had created a favorable impression. She measured eighty-five feet seven inches in length, four feet in width, and was three feet three inches deep. Her crew consisted of sixty paddlers and four steersmen, and she carried twenty-two passengers, close-packed, besides, making a total of eighty-six persons. The other two canoes carried ninety-two persons altogether.
"We cordially invited Itsi and his people to our camp, to which they willingly responded. Some grass, fresh cut, in anticipation58 of the visit of our honorable friends, had been strewn over a cleared space close to the stream, and our best mats spread over it.
AFRICAN RECLINING-CHAIR.
"There were four or five gray-headed elders present, one of whom was introduced as Itsi. He laughed heartily60, and it was not long before we were on a familiar footing. They then broached61 the subject of blood-brotherhood62. We were willing, but they wished to defer63 the ceremony until they had first shown their friendly feelings to us. Accordingly the old man handed over to me ten loaves of cassava bread, or cassava pudding, fifty tubers of cassava, three bunches of bananas, a dozen sweet potatoes, some sugar-cane, three fowls64, and a diminutive65 goat. A young man of about twenty-six years made Frank's acquaintance by presenting to him double the quantity I received. This liberality drew my attention to him. His face was dotted with round spots of soot-and-oil mixture. From his shoulders depended a long cloth of check pattern, while over one shoulder was a belt, to which was attached a queer medley66 of small gourds68 containing snuff and various charms, which he called his Inkisi. In return for the bounteous69 store of[Pg 306] provisions given to Frank and myself, as they were cotton or grass-cloth-wearing people, we made up a bundle of cloths for each of the principals, which they refused, to our surprise. We then begged to know what they desired, that we might show our appreciation70 of their kindness, and seal the bond of brotherhood with our blood.
"The young man now declared himself to be Itsi, the King of Ntamo; the elder, who had previously71 been passed off for the king, being only an ancient councillor. It was a surprise, but not an unpleasant one, though there was nothing very regal or majestic72 about him, unless one may so call his munificent73 bounty74 to Frank as compared to the old man's to me. We finally prevailed upon Itsi to inform us what gift would be pleasing to him.
"He said, 'I want only that big goat; if you give me that, I shall want nothing more.'
A PRESENT FROM ITSI.
"The 'big goat' which he so earnestly required was the last of six couples I had purchased in Uregga for the purpose of presentation to an eminent75 English lady, in accordance with a promise I had made to her four years previously. All the others had perished from heat apoplexy, sickness, and want of proper care, which the terrible life we had led had prevented us from supplying. This 'big goat' and a lionlike ram76, gigantic specimens77 of the domestic animals of Manyema and Uregga, were all that survived. They had both become quite attached to us, and were valued companions of a most eventful journey of eleven hundred miles. I refused it, but offered to double the cloths. Whereupon Itsi sulked, and prepared to depart; not, however, before hinting that we should find it difficult to obtain food if he vetoed the sale of provisions. We coaxed78 him back again to his seat, and offered him one of the asses79. The possession of such a 'gigantic' animal as an ass9, which was to him of all domestic animals a veritable Titanosaurus, was a great temptation; but the shuddering80 women, who feared being eaten by it, caused him to decline the honor of the gift. He now offered three goats for what[Pg 307] appeared to him to be the 'largest' goat in Africa, and boasted of his goodness, and how his friendship would be serviceable to me; whereas, if he parted in anger, why, we should be entirely81 at his mercy. The goat was therefore transferred to his canoe, and Itsi departed for Ntamo, as though he were in possession of a new wonder.
"Our provisions were only sufficient to prove what appetites we possessed82, and not to assuage83 them; all were consumed in a few minutes, and we were left with only hopes of obtaining a little more on the next day.
"On the 14th Itsi appeared with his war-canoe at 9 a.m., bringing three goats and twenty loaves of cassava bread and a few tubers, and an hour afterwards Nchuvira, King of Nkunda, Mankoneh, chief of the Bateké fishermen near the Stanley Pool, and the King of Nshasa, at the southeast end of the Stanley Pool, arrived at our camp with several canoe crews. Each of the petty sovereigns of the districts in our neighborhood contributed a little, but altogether we were only able to distribute to each person two pounds of eatable provisions. Every chief was eager for a present, with which he was gratified, and solemn covenants84 of peace were entered into between the whites and the blacks. The treaty with Itsi was exceedingly ceremonious, and involved the exchange of charms. Itsi transferred to me, for my protection through life, a small gourdful85 of a curious powder, which had rather a saline taste, and I delivered over to him, as the white man's charm against all evil, a half-ounce vial of magnesia; further, a small scratch in Frank's arm, and another in Itsi's arm, supplied blood sufficient to unite us in one and indivisible bond of fraternity. After this we were left alone.
"An observation by boiling-point, above the first cataract of Livingstone Falls, disclosed to us an altitude of 1147 feet above the ocean. At Nyangwé the river was 2077 feet. In twelve hundred and thirty-five miles, therefore, there had been only a reduction of 930 feet, divided as follows:
Distance
Feet. in miles. Fall per mile.
Nyangé 2077 }
Four miles below seventh cataract, Stanley Falls 1511 }
—— } 337 20 inches.
Feet, 566 }
Four miles below seventh cataract, Stanley Falls 1511 }
River at Ntamo, above first cataract, Livingstone Falls 1147 } 898 5 inches, nearly.
—— } River
Feet, 364 } uninterrupted."
Frank paused a few moments, and, at the request of one of his auditors87, repeated the figures he had just given. Then he continued the narrative88 as follows:
"The wide wild land which, by means of the greatest river of Africa, we have pierced, is now about to be presented in a milder aspect than that which has filled the preceding pages with records of desperate conflicts and furious onslaughts of savage6 men. The people no longer resist our advance. Trade has tamed their natural ferocity, until they no longer resent our approach with the fury of beasts of prey89.
[Pg 308]
FLOATING ISLAND IN STANLEY POOL.
"It is the dread90 river itself of which we shall have now to complain. It is no longer the stately stream, whose mystic beauty, noble grandeur91, and gentle, uninterrupted flow along a course of nearly nine hundred miles ever fascinated us, despite the savagery92 of its peopled shores, but a furious river, rushing down a steep bed obstructed93 by reefs of lava94, projected barriers of rock, lines of immense boulders95, winding in crooked96 course through deep chasms97, and dropping down over terraces in a long series of falls, cataracts99, and rapids. Our frequent contests with the savages culminated100 in tragic101 struggles with the mighty river as it rushed and roared through the deep, yawning pass that leads from the broad table-land down to the Atlantic Ocean.
"Those voiceless and lone86 streams meandering102 between the thousand isles103 of the Livingstone; those calm and silent wildernesses104 of water over which we had poured our griefs and wailed105 in our sorrow; those woody solitudes106 where nightly we had sought to soothe107 our fevered brows, into whose depths we breathed our vows108; that sealike amplitude109 of water which had proved our refuge in distress110, weird111 in its stillness, and solemn in its mystery, are now exchanged for the cliff-lined gorge112, through which with inconceivable fury the Livingstone sweeps with foaming113 billows into the broad Congo, which, at a distance of only one hundred and fifty-five geographical115 miles, is nearly eleven hundred feet below the summit of the first fall.
VILLAGE IN THE VALLEY OF THE CONGO.
"On the 16th of March, having explored as far as the Gordon-Bennett River, and obtained a clear idea of our situation during the 15th, we began our labors116 with energy. Goods, asses, women, and children, with the guard under Frank, first moved overland to a temporary halting-place near the confluence117. Then, manning the boat, I led the canoe-men from point to point along the right bank, over the first rapids. We had some skilful118 work to perform to avoid being swept away by the velocity119 of the current; but whenever we came to rocks we held the rattan120 hawsers121 in our hands, and, allowing the stream to take them beyond these dangerous points, brought them into the sheltered lee. Had a hawser122 parted nothing could have saved the canoe or the men in it, for at the confluence of the Gordon-Bennett with the great river the entire river leaps headlong into an abysm of[Pg 309]
[Pg 310] waves and foam114. Arriving in the Gordon-Bennett, we transported the expedition across, and then our labors ended at 5 p.m. for the day.
"Itsi of Ntamo had informed us there were only three cataracts, which he called the 'Child,' the 'Mother,' and the 'Father.' The 'Child' was a two hundred yards' stretch of broken water; and the 'Mother,' consisting of half a mile of dangerous rapids, we had succeeded in passing, and had pushed beyond it by crossing the upper branch of the Gordon-Bennett, which was an impetuous stream, seventy-five yards wide, with big cataracts of its own higher up. But the 'Father' is the wildest stretch of river that I have ever seen. Take a strip of sea blown over by a hurricane, four miles in length and half a mile in breadth, and a pretty accurate conception of its leaping waves may be obtained. Some of the troughs were one hundred yards in length, and from one to the other the mad river plunged124. There was first a rush down into the bottom of an immense trough, and then, by its sheer force, the enormous volume would lift itself upward steeply until, gathering125 itself into a ridge, it suddenly hurled126 itself twenty or thirty feet straight upward, before rolling down into another trough. If I looked up or down along this angry scene, every interval127 of fifty or one hundred yards of it was marked by wave-towers—their collapse128 into foam and spray, the mad clash of watery129 hills, bounding mounds130, and heaving billows, while the base of either bank, consisting of a long line of piled boulders of massive size, was buried in the tempestuous131 surf. The roar was tremendous and deafening132. I can only compare it to the thunder of an express train through a rock tunnel. To speak to my neighbor, I had to bawl133 in his ear.
"The most powerful ocean steamer, going at full speed on this portion of the river, would be as helpless as a cockle-boat. I attempted three times, by watching some tree floated down from above, to ascertain19 the rate of the wild current by observing the time it occupied in passing between two given points, from which I estimate it to be about thirty miles an hour!
VIEW OF THE RIGHT BRANCH, FIRST CATARACT, OF THE LIVINGSTONE FALLS, FROM FOUR MILES BELOW JUMBA ISLAND.
"On the 17th, after cutting brushwood and laying it over a path of eight hundred yards in length, we crossed from the upper branch of the Gordon-Bennett to the lower branch, which was of equal breadth, but twenty feet below it. This enabled us the next day to float down to the confluence of the lower branch with the[Pg 311]
[Pg 312] Livingstone. We could do no more on this day; the people were fainting from lack of food.
"On the 18th, through the good-will of Mankoneh, the chief of the Bateké, we were enabled to trade with the aborigines, a wild and degraded tribe, subsisting134 principally on fish and cassava. A goat was not to be obtained at any price, and for a chicken they demanded a gun! Cassava, however, was abundant.
"From the confluence we formed another brush-covered road, and hauled the canoes over another eight hundred yards into a creek28, which enabled us to reach, on the 20th, a wide sand-bar that blocked its passage into the great river. The sand-bar, in its turn, enabled us to reach the now moderated stream, below the influence of the roaring 'Father,' and to proceed by towing and punting half a mile below to an inlet in the rocky shore.
"Gampa, the young chief of this district, became very friendly, and visited us each day with small gifts of cassava bread, a few bananas, and a small gourd67 of palm-wine.
"On the 21st and the two days following we were engaged in hauling our vessels135 overland, a distance of three quarters of a mile, over a broad rocky point, into a baylike formation. Gampa and his people nerved us to prosecute136 our labors by declaring that there was only one small cataract below. Full of hope, we halted on the 24th to rest the wearied people, and in the meantime to trade for food.
OVER ROCKY POINT CLOSE TO GAMPA'S.
"The 25th saw us at work at dawn in a bad piece of river, which is significantly styled the 'Caldron.' Our best canoe, seventy-five feet long, three feet wide, by twenty-one inches deep, the famous London Town, commanded by Manwa Sera, was torn from the hands of fifty men, and swept away in the early morning down to destruction. In the afternoon, the Glasgow, parting her cables, was swept away, drawn137 nearly into mid-river, returned up river half a mile, again drawn into the depths, ejected into a bay near where Frank was camped, and, to our great joy, finally recovered. Accidents were numerous; the glazed138 trap-rocks, washed by the ever-rising tidal-like waves, were very slippery, occasioning dangerous[Pg 313]
[Pg 314] falls to the men. One man dislocated his shoulder, another was bruised139 on the hips140, and another had a severe contusion of the head. Too careless of my safety in my eagerness and anxiety, I fell down, feet first, into a chasm98 thirty feet deep between two enormous boulders, but fortunately escaped with only a few rib24 bruises141, though for a short time I was half stunned142.
AT WORK PASSING THE LOWER END OF THE FIRST CATARACT OF THE LIVINGSTONE FALLS, NEAR ROCKY ISLAND.
"On the 27th we happily succeeded in passing the fearful Caldron, but during our last efforts the Crocodile, eighty-five feet three inches long, was swept away into the centre of the Caldron, heaved upward, whirled round with quick gyrations, and finally shot into the bay north of Rocky Island, where it was at last secured. The next day we dropped down stream, and reached the western end of the bay above Rocky Island Falls.
"Leaving Frank Pocock as usual in charge of the camp and goods, I mustered143 ninety men—most of the others being stiff from wounds received in the fight at Mwana Ibaka and other places—and proceeded, by making a wooden tramway with sleepers144 and rollers, to pass Rocky Island Falls. Mpwapwa and Shumari, of the boat's crew, were sent to explore, meanwhile, for another inlet or recess145 in the right bank. By 2 p.m. we were below the falls, and my two young men had returned, reporting that a mile or so below there was a fine camp, with a broad strip of sand lining59 a bay. This animated146 us to improve the afternoon hours by attemtping to reach it. The seventeen canoes now left to us were manned according to their capacity. As I was about to embark147 in my boat to lead the way, I turned to the people to give my last instructions—which were, to follow me, clinging to the right bank, and by no means to venture into mid-river into the current. While delivering my instructions, I observed Kalulu in the Crocodile, which was made out of the Bassia Parkii tree, a hard, heavy wood, but admirable for canoes. When I asked him what he wanted in the canoe, he replied, with a deprecating smile and an expostulating tone, 'I can pull, sir; see!' 'Ah, very well,' I answered.
"The boat-boys took their seats, and, skirting closely the cliffy shore, we rowed down stream, while I stood in the bow of the boat, guiding the coxswain, Uledi, with my hand. The river was not more than four hundred and fifty yards wide; but one cast of the sounding-lead close to the bank obtained a depth of one hundred and thirty-eight feet. The river was rapid, with certainly a seven-knot current, with a smooth, greasy148 surface, now and then an eddy149, a gurgle, and gentle heave, but not dangerous to people in possession of their wits. In a very few moments we had descended150 the mile stretch, and before us, six hundred yards off, roared the furious falls since distinguished151 by the name 'Kalulu.'
AFRICAN PIPES.
"With a little effort we succeeded in rounding the point and entering the bay above the falls, and reaching a pretty camping-place on a sandy beach. The first, second, and third canoes arrived soon after me, and I was beginning to congratulate myself on having completed a good day's work, when to my horror I saw the Crocodile in mid-river far below the point which we had rounded, gliding152 with the speed of an arrow towards the falls over the treacherous calm water. Human strength availed[Pg 315] nothing now, and we watched in agony, for I had three favorites in her—Kalulu, Mauredi, and Ferajji; and of the others, two, Rehani Makua and Wadi Jumah, were also very good men. It soon reached the island which cleft153 the falls, and was swept down the left branch. We saw it whirled round three or four times, then plunged down into the depths, out of which the stern presently emerged pointed upward, and we knew then that Kalulu and his canoe-mates were no more.
DEATH OF KALULU.
"Fast upon this terrible catastrophe154, before we could begin to bewail their loss, another canoe with two men in it darted155 past the point, borne by irresistibly156 on the placid157 but swift current to apparent, nay158, almost certain destruction. I despatched my boat's crew up along the cliffs to warn the forgetful people that in mid-stream was certain death, and shouted out commands for the two men to strike for the left shore. The steersman by a strange chance shot his canoe over the falls, and, dexterously159 edging it towards the left shore a mile below, he and his companion contrived160 to spring ashore161 and were saved. As we observed them clamber over the rocks to approach a point opposite us, and finally sit down regarding us in silence across the river, our pity and love gushed162 strong towards them, but we could utter nothing of it. The roar of the falls completely mocked and overpowered the feeble human voice.
"Before the boat's crew could well reach the descending163 canoes, the boulders being very large and offering great obstacles to rapid progress, a third canoe—but a small and light one—with only one man, the brave lad Soudi, who escaped from the spears of the Wanyaturu assassins in 1875, darted by, and cried out, as he perceived himself to be drifting helplessly towards the falls, 'La il Allah, il Allah'—There[Pg 316] is but one God—'I am lost! Master!' He was then seen to address himself to what fate had in store for him. We watched him for a few moments, and then saw him drop. Out of the shadow of the fall he presently emerged, dropping from terrace to terrace, precipitated164 down, then whirled round, caught by great heavy waves, which whisked him to right and left and struck madly at him, and yet his canoe did not sink, but he and it were swept behind the lower end of the island, and then darkness fell upon the day of horror. Nine men lost in one afternoon!
"This last accident, I was told, was caused by the faithlessness of the crew. One man, utterly165 unnerved by his fear of the river, ran away and hid in the bushes; the two others lost their hold of the tow-ropes, and thus their comrade was carried into the swift centre."
Frank stopped at this incident, and said he would resume the story in the evening. His audience had listened with breathless interest to the sad story of the death of Kalulu and his companions, and when the party assembled for the evening session, all were eager to hear the continuation of the account of Stanley's perilous166 descent of the Congo.
[Pg 317]
ONE OF GAMPA'S MEN.
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rascal
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| n.流氓；不诚实的人 | |
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treacherous
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| adj.不可靠的，有暗藏的危险的；adj.背叛的，背信弃义的 | |
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dense
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| a.密集的，稠密的，浓密的；密度大的 | |
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shrieks
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| n.尖叫声( shriek的名词复数 )v.尖叫( shriek的第三人称单数 ) | |
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promptly
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| adv.及时地，敏捷地 | |
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savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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savages
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| 未开化的人，野蛮人( savage的名词复数 ) | |
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muskets
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| n.火枪，（尤指）滑膛枪( musket的名词复数 ) | |
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ass
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| n.驴；傻瓜，蠢笨的人 | |
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warriors
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| 武士，勇士，战士( warrior的名词复数 ) | |
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mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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glistening
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| adj.闪耀的，反光的v.湿物闪耀，闪亮( glisten的现在分词 ) | |
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grassy
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| adj.盖满草的；长满草的 | |
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ascended
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| v.上升，攀登( ascend的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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dune
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| n.(由风吹积而成的)沙丘 | |
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vividly
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cataract
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| n.大瀑布，奔流，洪水，白内障 | |
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latitude
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| n.纬度，行动或言论的自由(范围)，(pl.)地区 | |
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19
ascertain
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| vt.发现，确定，查明，弄清 | |
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ascertained
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| v.弄清，确定，查明( ascertain的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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21
populous
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| adj.人口稠密的，人口众多的 | |
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22
cove
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| n.小海湾，小峡谷 | |
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23
faculties
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| n.能力( faculty的名词复数 )；全体教职员；技巧；院 | |
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rib
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| n.肋骨，肋状物 | |
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25
elicited
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| 引出，探出( elicit的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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reluctance
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| n.厌恶，讨厌，勉强，不情愿 | |
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winding
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| n.绕，缠，绕组，线圈 | |
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28
creek
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| n.小溪，小河，小湾 | |
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creeks
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| n.小湾( creek的名词复数 )；小港；小河；小溪 | |
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scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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31
dunes
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| 沙丘( dune的名词复数 ) | |
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32
bluff
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| v.虚张声势，用假象骗人；n.虚张声势，欺骗 | |
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33
hearty
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| adj.热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵情的 | |
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genial
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| adj.亲切的，和蔼的，愉快的，脾气好的 | |
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35
descend
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| vt./vi.传下来，下来，下降 | |
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36
ridge
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| n.山脊；鼻梁；分水岭 | |
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37
sullen
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| adj.愠怒的，闷闷不乐的，(天气等)阴沉的 | |
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38
glided
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| v.滑动( glide的过去式和过去分词 )；掠过；（鸟或飞机 ） 滑翔 | |
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39
pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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40
bristling
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| a.竖立的 | |
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41
granite
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| adj.花岗岩，花岗石 | |
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42
tangle
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| n.纠缠；缠结；混乱；v.(使)缠绕；变乱 | |
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43
axe
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| n.斧子；v.用斧头砍，削减 | |
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44
situated
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| adj.坐落在...的，处于某种境地的 | |
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45
spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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46
converse
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| vi.谈话，谈天，闲聊；adv.相反的，相反 | |
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47
promising
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| adj.有希望的，有前途的 | |
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48
lashing
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| n.鞭打；痛斥；大量；许多v.鞭打( lash的现在分词 )；煽动；紧系；怒斥 | |
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49
improvident
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| adj.不顾将来的，不节俭的，无远见的 | |
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50
profusely
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| ad.abundantly | |
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51
glib
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| adj.圆滑的，油嘴滑舌的 | |
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52
consorts
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| n.配偶( consort的名词复数 )；（演奏古典音乐的）一组乐师；一组古典乐器；一起v.结伴( consort的第三人称单数 )；交往；相称；调和 | |
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53
laden
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| adj.装满了的；充满了的；负了重担的；苦恼的 | |
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54
unison
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| n.步调一致，行动一致 | |
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55
swelling
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| n.肿胀 | |
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56
vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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57
admiration
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| n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕 | |
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58
anticipation
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| n.预期，预料，期望 | |
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59
lining
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| n.衬里，衬料 | |
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60
heartily
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| adv.衷心地，诚恳地，十分，很 | |
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61
broached
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| v.谈起( broach的过去式和过去分词 )；打开并开始用；用凿子扩大（或修光）；（在桶上）钻孔取液体 | |
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62
brotherhood
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| n.兄弟般的关系，手中情谊 | |
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63
defer
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| vt.推迟，拖延；vi.(to)遵从，听从，服从 | |
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64
fowls
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| 鸟( fowl的名词复数 )； 禽肉； 既不是这； 非驴非马 | |
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65
diminutive
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| adj.小巧可爱的，小的 | |
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66
medley
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| n.混合 | |
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67
gourd
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| n.葫芦 | |
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68
gourds
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| n.葫芦( gourd的名词复数 ) | |
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69
bounteous
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| adj.丰富的 | |
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70
appreciation
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| n.评价；欣赏；感谢；领会，理解；价格上涨 | |
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71
previously
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| adv.以前，先前（地） | |
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72
majestic
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| adj.雄伟的，壮丽的，庄严的，威严的，崇高的 | |
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73
munificent
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| adj.慷慨的，大方的 | |
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74
bounty
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| n.慷慨的赠予物，奖金；慷慨，大方；施与 | |
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75
eminent
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| adj.显赫的，杰出的，有名的，优良的 | |
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76
ram
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| (random access memory)随机存取存储器 | |
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77
specimens
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| n.样品( specimen的名词复数 )；范例；（化验的）抽样；某种类型的人 | |
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78
coaxed
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| v.哄，用好话劝说( coax的过去式和过去分词 )；巧言骗取；哄劝，劝诱 | |
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79
asses
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| n. 驴，愚蠢的人，臀部 adv. (常用作后置)用于贬损或骂人 | |
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80
shuddering
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| v.战栗( shudder的现在分词 )；发抖；（机器、车辆等）突然震动；颤动 | |
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81
entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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82
possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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83
assuage
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| v.缓和，减轻，镇定 | |
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84
covenants
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| n.（有法律约束的）协议( covenant的名词复数 )；盟约；公约；（向慈善事业、信托基金会等定期捐款的）契约书 | |
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85
gourdful
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| n.一葫芦的量，一瓢的量 | |
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86
lone
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| adj.孤寂的，单独的；唯一的 | |
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87
auditors
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| n.审计员，稽核员( auditor的名词复数 )；（大学课程的）旁听生 | |
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88
narrative
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| n.叙述，故事；adj.叙事的，故事体的 | |
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89
prey
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| n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨 | |
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90
dread
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| vt.担忧，忧虑；惧怕，不敢；n.担忧，畏惧 | |
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91
grandeur
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| n.伟大，崇高，宏伟，庄严，豪华 | |
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92
savagery
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| n.野性 | |
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93
obstructed
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| 阻塞( obstruct的过去式和过去分词 )； 堵塞； 阻碍； 阻止 | |
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94
lava
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| n.熔岩，火山岩 | |
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95
boulders
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| n.卵石( boulder的名词复数 )；巨砾；（受水或天气侵蚀而成的）巨石；漂砾 | |
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96
crooked
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| adj.弯曲的；不诚实的，狡猾的，不正当的 | |
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97
chasms
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| 裂缝( chasm的名词复数 )； 裂口； 分歧； 差别 | |
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98
chasm
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| n.深坑，断层，裂口，大分岐，利害冲突 | |
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99
cataracts
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| n.大瀑布( cataract的名词复数 )；白内障 | |
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100
culminated
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| v.达到极点( culminate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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101
tragic
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| adj.悲剧的，悲剧性的，悲惨的 | |
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102
meandering
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| 蜿蜒的河流，漫步，聊天 | |
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103
isles
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| 岛( isle的名词复数 ) | |
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104
wildernesses
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| 荒野( wilderness的名词复数 )； 沙漠； （政治家）在野； 不再当政（或掌权） | |
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105
wailed
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| v.哭叫，哀号( wail的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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106
solitudes
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| n.独居( solitude的名词复数 )；孤独；荒僻的地方；人迹罕至的地方 | |
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107
soothe
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| v.安慰；使平静；使减轻；缓和；奉承 | |
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108
vows
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| 誓言( vow的名词复数 )； 郑重宣布，许愿 | |
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109
amplitude
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| n.广大；充足；振幅 | |
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110
distress
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| n.苦恼，痛苦，不舒适；不幸；vt.使悲痛 | |
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111
weird
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| adj.古怪的，离奇的；怪诞的，神秘而可怕的 | |
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112
gorge
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| n.咽喉，胃，暴食，山峡；v.塞饱，狼吞虎咽地吃 | |
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113
foaming
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| adj.布满泡沫的；发泡 | |
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114
foam
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| v./n.泡沫，起泡沫 | |
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115
geographical
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| adj.地理的；地区(性)的 | |
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116
labors
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| v.努力争取(for)( labor的第三人称单数 )；苦干；详细分析；（指引擎）缓慢而困难地运转 | |
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117
confluence
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| n.汇合，聚集 | |
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118
skilful
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| (=skillful)adj.灵巧的，熟练的 | |
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119
velocity
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| n.速度，速率 | |
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120
rattan
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| n.藤条，藤杖 | |
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121
hawsers
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| n.（供系船或下锚用的）缆索，锚链( hawser的名词复数 ) | |
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122
hawser
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| n.大缆；大索 | |
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123
pottery
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| n.陶器，陶器场 | |
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124
plunged
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| v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降 | |
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125
gathering
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| n.集会，聚会，聚集 | |
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126
hurled
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| v.猛投，用力掷( hurl的过去式和过去分词 )；大声叫骂 | |
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127
interval
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| n.间隔，间距；幕间休息，中场休息 | |
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128
collapse
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| vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷 | |
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129
watery
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| adj.有水的，水汪汪的；湿的，湿润的 | |
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130
mounds
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| 土堆，土丘( mound的名词复数 )； 一大堆 | |
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131
tempestuous
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| adj.狂暴的 | |
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132
deafening
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| adj. 振耳欲聋的, 极喧闹的 动词deafen的现在分词形式 | |
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133
bawl
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| v.大喊大叫，大声地喊，咆哮 | |
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134
subsisting
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| v.（靠很少的钱或食物）维持生活，生存下去( subsist的现在分词 ) | |
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135
vessels
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| n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人 | |
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136
prosecute
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| vt.告发；进行；vi.告发，起诉，作检察官 | |
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137
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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138
glazed
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| adj.光滑的，像玻璃的；上过釉的；呆滞无神的v.装玻璃( glaze的过去式)；上釉于，上光；（目光）变得呆滞无神 | |
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139
bruised
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| [医]青肿的，瘀紫的 | |
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140
hips
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| abbr.high impact polystyrene 高冲击强度聚苯乙烯，耐冲性聚苯乙烯n.臀部( hip的名词复数 )；[建筑学]屋脊；臀围（尺寸）；臀部…的 | |
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141
bruises
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| n.瘀伤，伤痕，擦伤( bruise的名词复数 ) | |
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142
stunned
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| adj. 震惊的，惊讶的 动词stun的过去式和过去分词 | |
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143
mustered
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| v.集合，召集，集结（尤指部队）( muster的过去式和过去分词 )；（自他人处）搜集某事物；聚集；激发 | |
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144
sleepers
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| n.卧铺（通常以复数形式出现）；卧车( sleeper的名词复数 )；轨枕；睡觉（呈某种状态）的人；小耳环 | |
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145
recess
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| n.短期休息，壁凹（墙上装架子，柜子等凹处） | |
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146
animated
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| adj.生气勃勃的，活跃的，愉快的 | |
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147
embark
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| vi.乘船，着手，从事，上飞机 | |
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148
greasy
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| adj. 多脂的，油脂的 | |
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149
eddy
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| n.漩涡，涡流 | |
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150
descended
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| a.为...后裔的，出身于...的 | |
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151
distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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152
gliding
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| v. 滑翔 adj. 滑动的 | |
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153
cleft
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| n.裂缝；adj.裂开的 | |
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154
catastrophe
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| n.大灾难，大祸 | |
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155
darted
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| v.投掷，投射( dart的过去式和过去分词 )；向前冲，飞奔 | |
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156
irresistibly
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| adv.无法抵抗地，不能自持地；极为诱惑人地 | |
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157
placid
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| adj.安静的，平和的 | |
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158
nay
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| adv.不；n.反对票，投反对票者 | |
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159
dexterously
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| adv.巧妙地，敏捷地 | |
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160
contrived
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| adj.不自然的，做作的；虚构的 | |
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161
ashore
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| adv.在(向)岸上，上岸 | |
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162
gushed
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| v.喷，涌( gush的过去式和过去分词 )；滔滔不绝地说话 | |
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163
descending
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| n. 下行 adj. 下降的 | |
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164
precipitated
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| v.（突如其来地）使发生( precipitate的过去式和过去分词 )；促成；猛然摔下；使沉淀 | |
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165
utterly
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| adv.完全地，绝对地 | |
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166
perilous
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| adj.危险的，冒险的 | |
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