Mormonism is only about forty years old, but its career has been full of stir and adventure from the beginning, and is likely to remain so to the end. Its adherents2 have been hunted and hounded from one end of the country to the other, and the result is that for years they have hated all “Gentiles” indiscriminately and with all their might. Joseph Smith, the finder of the Book of Mormon and founder3 of the religion, was driven from State to State with his mysterious copperplates and the miraculous4 stones he read their inscriptions5 with. Finally he instituted his “church” in Ohio and Brigham Young joined it. The neighbors began to persecute6, and apostasy7 commenced. Brigham held to the faith and worked hard. He arrested desertion. He did more—he added converts in the midst of the trouble. He rose in favor and importance with the brethren. He was made one of the Twelve Apostles of the Church. He shortly fought his way to a higher post and a more powerful—President of the Twelve. The neighbors rose up and drove the Mormons out of Ohio, and they settled in Missouri. Brigham went with them. The Missourians drove them out and they retreated to Nauvoo, Illinois. They prospered8 there, and built a temple which made some pretensions9 to architectural grace and achieved some celebrity10 in a section of country where a brick court-house with a tin dome11 and a cupola on it was contemplated12 with reverential awe13. But the Mormons were badgered and harried14 again by their neighbors. All the proclamations Joseph Smith could issue denouncing polygamy and repudiating15 it as utterly16 anti-Mormon were of no avail; the people of the neighborhood, on both sides of the Mississippi, claimed that polygamy was practised by the Mormons, and not only polygamy but a little of everything that was bad. Brigham returned from a mission to England, where he had established a Mormon newspaper, and he brought back with him several hundred converts to his preaching. His influence among the brethren augmented17 with every move he made. Finally Nauvoo was invaded by the Missouri and Illinois Gentiles, and Joseph Smith killed. A Mormon named Rigdon assumed the Presidency18 of the Mormon church and government, in Smith’s place, and even tried his hand at a prophecy or two. But a greater than he was at hand. Brigham seized the advantage of the hour and without other authority than superior brain and nerve and will, hurled19 Rigdon from his high place and occupied it himself. He did more. He launched an elaborate curse at Rigdon and his disciples21; and he pronounced Rigdon’s “prophecies” emanations from the devil, and ended by “handing the false prophet over to the buffetings of Satan for a thousand years”—probably the longest term ever inflicted22 in Illinois. The people recognized their master. They straightway elected Brigham Young President, by a prodigious23 majority, and have never faltered24 in their devotion to him from that day to this. Brigham had forecast—a quality which no other prominent Mormon has probably ever possessed25. He recognized that it was better to move to the wilderness26 than be moved. By his command the people gathered together their meagre effects, turned their backs upon their homes, and their faces toward the wilderness, and on a bitter night in February filed in sorrowful procession across the frozen Mississippi, lighted on their way by the glare from their burning temple, whose sacred furniture their own hands had fired! They camped, several days afterward27, on the western verge28 of Iowa, and poverty, want, hunger, cold, sickness, grief and persecution29 did their work, and many succumbed30 and died—martyrs, fair and true, whatever else they might have been. Two years the remnant remained there, while Brigham and a small party crossed the country and founded Great Salt Lake City, purposely choosing a land which was outside the ownership and jurisdiction31 of the hated American nation. Note that. This was in 1847. Brigham moved his people there and got them settled just in time to see disaster fall again. For the war closed and Mexico ceded32 Brigham’s refuge to the enemy—the United States! In 1849 the Mormons organized a “free and independent” government and erected33 the “State of Deseret,” with Brigham Young as its head. But the very next year Congress deliberately34 snubbed it and created the “Territory of Utah” out of the same accumulation of mountains, sage-brush, alkali and general desolation,—but made Brigham Governor of it. Then for years the enormous migration35 across the plains to California poured through the land of the Mormons and yet the church remained staunch and true to its lord and master. Neither hunger, thirst, poverty, grief, hatred36, contempt, nor persecution could drive the Mormons from their faith or their allegiance; and even the thirst for gold, which gleaned37 the flower of the youth and strength of many nations was not able to entice38 them! That was the final test. An experiment that could survive that was an experiment with some substance to it somewhere.
Great Salt Lake City throve finely, and so did Utah. One of the last things which Brigham Young had done before leaving Iowa, was to appear in the pulpit dressed to personate the worshipped and lamented39 prophet Smith, and confer the prophetic succession, with all its dignities, emoluments40 and authorities, upon “President Brigham Young!” The people accepted the pious41 fraud with the maddest enthusiasm, and Brigham’s power was sealed and secured for all time. Within five years afterward he openly added polygamy to the tenets of the church by authority of a “revelation” which he pretended had been received nine years before by Joseph Smith, albeit42 Joseph is amply on record as denouncing polygamy to the day of his death.
Now was Brigham become a second Andrew Johnson in the small beginning and steady progress of his official grandeur43. He had served successively as a disciple20 in the ranks; home missionary44; foreign missionary; editor and publisher; Apostle; President of the Board of Apostles; President of all Mormondom, civil and ecclesiastical; successor to the great Joseph by the will of heaven; “prophet,” “seer,” “revelator.” There was but one dignity higher which he could aspire45 to, and he reached out modestly and took that—he proclaimed himself a God!
He claims that he is to have a heaven of his own hereafter, and that he will be its God, and his wives and children its goddesses, princes and princesses. Into it all faithful Mormons will be admitted, with their families, and will take rank and consequence according to the number of their wives and children. If a disciple dies before he has had time to accumulate enough wives and children to enable him to be respectable in the next world any friend can marry a few wives and raise a few children for him after he is dead, and they are duly credited to his account and his heavenly status advanced accordingly.
Let it be borne in mind that the majority of the Mormons have always been ignorant, simple, of an inferior order of intellect, unacquainted with the world and its ways; and let it be borne in mind that the wives of these Mormons are necessarily after the same pattern and their children likely to be fit representatives of such a conjunction; and then let it be remembered that for forty years these creatures have been driven, driven, driven, relentlessly46! and mobbed, beaten, and shot down; cursed, despised, expatriated; banished47 to a remote desert, whither they journeyed gaunt with famine and disease, disturbing the ancient solitudes48 with their lamentations and marking the long way with graves of their dead—and all because they were simply trying to live and worship God in the way which they believed with all their hearts and souls to be the true one. Let all these things be borne in mind, and then it will not be hard to account for the deathless hatred which the Mormons bear our people and our government.
That hatred has “fed fat its ancient grudge” ever since Mormon Utah developed into a self-supporting realm and the church waxed rich and strong. Brigham as Territorial49 Governor made it plain that Mormondom was for the Mormons. The United States tried to rectify50 all that by appointing territorial officers from New England and other anti-Mormon localities, but Brigham prepared to make their entrance into his dominions51 difficult. Three thousand United States troops had to go across the plains and put these gentlemen in office. And after they were in office they were as helpless as so many stone images. They made laws which nobody minded and which could not be executed. The federal judges opened court in a land filled with crime and violence and sat as holiday spectacles for insolent52 crowds to gape53 at—for there was nothing to try, nothing to do nothing on the dockets! And if a Gentile brought a suit, the Mormon jury would do just as it pleased about bringing in a verdict, and when the judgment54 of the court was rendered no Mormon cared for it and no officer could execute it. Our Presidents shipped one cargo55 of officials after another to Utah, but the result was always the same—they sat in a blight56 for awhile they fairly feasted on scowls57 and insults day by day, they saw every attempt to do their official duties find its reward in darker and darker looks, and in secret threats and warnings of a more and more dismal58 nature—and at last they either succumbed and became despised tools and toys of the Mormons, or got scared and discomforted beyond all endurance and left the Territory. If a brave officer kept on courageously59 till his pluck was proven, some pliant60 Buchanan or Pierce would remove him and appoint a stick in his place. In 1857 General Harney came very near being appointed Governor of Utah. And so it came very near being Harney governor and Cradlebaugh judge!—two men who never had any idea of fear further than the sort of murky61 comprehension of it which they were enabled to gather from the dictionary. Simply (if for nothing else) for the variety they would have made in a rather monotonous62 history of Federal servility and helplessness, it is a pity they were not fated to hold office together in Utah.
Up to the date of our visit to Utah, such had been the Territorial record. The Territorial government established there had been a hopeless failure, and Brigham Young was the only real power in the land. He was an absolute monarch63—a monarch who defied our President—a monarch who laughed at our armies when they camped about his capital—a monarch who received without emotion the news that the august Congress of the United States had enacted64 a solemn law against polygamy, and then went forth65 calmly and married twenty-five or thirty more wives.
The persecutions which the Mormons suffered so long—and which they consider they still suffer in not being allowed to govern themselves—they have endeavored and are still endeavoring to repay. The now almost forgotten “Mountain Meadows massacre” was their work. It was very famous in its day. The whole United States rang with its horrors. A few items will refresh the reader’s memory. A great emigrant67 train from Missouri and Arkansas passed through Salt Lake City and a few disaffected68 Mormons joined it for the sake of the strong protection it afforded for their escape. In that matter lay sufficient cause for hot retaliation69 by the Mormon chiefs. Besides, these one hundred and forty-five or one hundred and fifty unsuspecting emigrants70 being in part from Arkansas, where a noted71 Mormon missionary had lately been killed, and in part from Missouri, a State remembered with execrations as a bitter persecutor72 of the saints when they were few and poor and friendless, here were substantial additional grounds for lack of love for these wayfarers73. And finally, this train was rich, very rich in cattle, horses, mules74 and other property—and how could the Mormons consistently keep up their coveted75 resemblance to the Israelitish tribes and not seize the “spoil” of an enemy when the Lord had so manifestly “delivered it into their hand?”
Wherefore, according to Mrs. C. V. Waite’s entertaining book, “The Mormon Prophet,” it transpired76 that—
“A ‘revelation’ from Brigham Young, as Great Grand Archee or God, was dispatched to President J. C. Haight, Bishop77 Higbee and J. D. Lee (adopted son of Brigham), commanding them to raise all the forces they could muster78 and trust, follow those cursed Gentiles (so read the revelation), attack them disguised as Indians, and with the arrows of the Almighty79 make a clean sweep of them, and leave none to tell the tale; and if they needed any assistance they were commanded to hire the Indians as their allies, promising80 them a share of the booty. They were to be neither slothful nor negligent81 in their duty, and to be punctual in sending the teams back to him before winter set in, for this was the mandate82 of Almighty God.”
The command of the “revelation” was faithfully obeyed. A large party of Mormons, painted and tricked out as Indians, overtook the train of emigrant wagons83 some three hundred miles south of Salt Lake City, and made an attack. But the emigrants threw up earthworks, made fortresses84 of their wagons and defended themselves gallantly85 and successfully for five days! Your Missouri or Arkansas gentleman is not much afraid of the sort of scurvy86 apologies for “Indians” which the southern part of Utah affords. He would stand up and fight five hundred of them.
At the end of the five days the Mormons tried military strategy. They retired87 to the upper end of the “Meadows,” resumed civilized88 apparel, washed off their paint, and then, heavily armed, drove down in wagons to the beleaguered89 emigrants, bearing a flag of truce90! When the emigrants saw white men coming they threw down their guns and welcomed them with cheer after cheer! And, all unconscious of the poetry of it, no doubt, they lifted a little child aloft, dressed in white, in answer to the flag of truce!
The leaders of the timely white “deliverers” were President Haight and Bishop John D. Lee, of the Mormon Church. Mr. Cradlebaugh, who served a term as a Federal Judge in Utah and afterward was sent to Congress from Nevada, tells in a speech delivered in Congress how these leaders next proceeded:
“They professed91 to be on good terms with the Indians, and represented them as being very mad. They also proposed to intercede92 and settle the matter with the Indians. After several hours parley93 they, having (apparently) visited the Indians, gave the ultimatum94 of the savages95; which was, that the emigrants should march out of their camp, leaving everything behind them, even their guns. It was promised by the Mormon bishops96 that they would bring a force and guard the emigrants back to the settlements. The terms were agreed to, the emigrants being desirous of saving the lives of their families. The Mormons retired, and subsequently appeared with thirty or forty armed men. The emigrants were marched out, the women and children in front and the men behind, the Mormon guard being in the rear. When they had marched in this way about a mile, at a given signal the slaughter97 commenced. The men were almost all shot down at the first fire from the guard. Two only escaped, who fled to the desert, and were followed one hundred and fifty miles before they were overtaken and slaughtered98. The women and children ran on, two or three hundred yards further, when they were overtaken and with the aid of the Indians they were slaughtered. Seventeen individuals only, of all the emigrant party, were spared, and they were little children, the eldest99 of them being only seven years old. Thus, on the 10th day of September, 1857, was consummated100 one of the most cruel, cowardly and bloody101 murders known in our history.”
The number of persons butchered by the Mormons on this occasion was one hundred and twenty.
With unheard-of temerity102 Judge Cradlebaugh opened his court and proceeded to make Mormondom answer for the massacre. And what a spectacle it must have been to see this grim veteran, solitary103 and alone in his pride and his pluck, glowering104 down on his Mormon jury and Mormon auditory, deriding105 them by turns, and by turns “breathing threatenings and slaughter!”
An editorial in the Territorial Enterprise of that day says of him and of the occasion:
“He spoke106 and acted with the fearlessness and resolution of a Jackson; but the jury failed to indict107, or even report on the charges, while threats of violence were heard in every quarter, and an attack on the U.S. troops intimated, if he persisted in his course.
“Finding that nothing could be done with the juries, they were discharged with a scathing108 rebuke109 from the judge. And then, sitting as a committing magistrate110, he commenced his task alone. He examined witnesses, made arrests in every quarter, and created a consternation111 in the camps of the saints greater than any they had ever witnessed before, since Mormondom was born. At last accounts terrified elders and bishops were decamping to save their necks; and developments of the most starling character were being made, implicating112 the highest Church dignitaries in the many murders and robberies committed upon the Gentiles during the past eight years.”
Had Harney been Governor, Cradlebaugh would have been supported in his work, and the absolute proofs adduced by him of Mormon guilt113 in this massacre and in a number of previous murders, would have conferred gratuitous114 coffins115 upon certain citizens, together with occasion to use them. But Cumming was the Federal Governor, and he, under a curious pretense116 of impartiality117, sought to screen the Mormons from the demands of justice. On one occasion he even went so far as to publish his protest against the use of the U.S. troops in aid of Cradlebaugh’s proceedings118.
Mrs. C. V. Waite closes her interesting detail of the great massacre with the following remark and accompanying summary of the testimony119—and the summary is concise120, accurate and reliable:
“For the benefit of those who may still be disposed to doubt the guilt of Young and his Mormons in this transaction, the testimony is here collated121 and circumstances given which go not merely to implicate122 but to fasten conviction upon them by ‘confirmations strong as proofs of Holy Writ:’
“1. The evidence of Mormons themselves, engaged in the affair, as shown by the statements of Judge Cradlebaugh and Deputy U.S. Marshall Rodgers.
“2. The failure of Brigham Young to embody123 any account of it in his Report as Superintendent124 of Indian Affairs. Also his failure to make any allusion125 to it whatever from the pulpit, until several years after the occurrence
“3. The flight to the mountains of men high in authority in the Mormon Church and State, when this affair was brought to the ordeal126 of a judicial127 investigation128.
“4. The failure of the Deseret News, the Church organ, and the only paper then published in the Territory, to notice the massacre until several months afterward, and then only to deny that Mormons were engaged in it.
“5. The testimony of the children saved from the massacre.
“6. The children and the property of the emigrants found in possession of the Mormons, and that possession traced back to the very day after the massacre.
“7. The statements of Indians in the neighborhood of the scene of the massacre: these statements are shown, not only by Cradlebaugh and Rodgers, but by a number of military officers, and by J. Forney, who was, in 1859, Superintendent of Indian Affairs for the Territory. To all these were such statements freely and frequently made by the Indians.
“8. The testimony of R. P. Campbell, Capt. 2d Dragoons, who was sent in the Spring of 1859 to Santa Clara, to protect travelers on the road to California and to inquire into Indian depredations129.”
If ever there was a harmless man, it is Conrad Wiegand, of Gold Hill, Nevada. If ever there was a gentle spirit that thought itself unfired gunpowder132 and latent ruin, it is Conrad Wiegand. If ever there was an oyster133 that fancied itself a whale; or a jack-o’lantern, confined to a swamp, that fancied itself a planet with a billion-mile orbit; or a summer zephyr134 that deemed itself a hurricane, it is Conrad Wiegand. Therefore, what wonder is it that when he says a thing, he thinks the world listens; that when he does a thing the world stands still to look; and that when he suffers, there is a convulsion of nature? When I met Conrad, he was “Superintendent of the Gold Hill Assay135 Office”—and he was not only its Superintendent, but its entire force. And he was a street preacher, too, with a mongrel religion of his own invention, whereby he expected to regenerate136 the universe. This was years ago. Here latterly he has entered journalism137; and his journalism is what it might be expected to be: colossal138 to ear, but pigmy to the eye. It is extravagant139 grandiloquence140 confined to a newspaper about the size of a double letter sheet. He doubtless edits, sets the type, and prints his paper, all alone; but he delights to speak of the concern as if it occupies a block and employs a thousand men.
[Something less than two years ago, Conrad assailed141 several people mercilessly in his little “People’s Tribune,” and got himself into trouble. Straightway he airs the affair in the “Territorial Enterprise,” in a communication over his own signature, and I propose to reproduce it here, in all its native simplicity142 and more than human candor143. Long as it is, it is well worth reading, for it is the richest specimen144 of journalistic literature the history of America can furnish, perhaps:]
From the Territorial Enterprise, Jan. 20, 1870.
The End
The End
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sketch
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| n.草图；梗概；素描；v.素描；概述 | |
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adherents
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| n.支持者，拥护者( adherent的名词复数 )；党羽；徒子徒孙 | |
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Founder
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| n.创始者，缔造者 | |
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miraculous
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| adj.像奇迹一样的，不可思议的 | |
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inscriptions
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| （作者）题词( inscription的名词复数 )； 献词； 碑文； 证劵持有人的登记 | |
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persecute
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| vt.迫害，虐待；纠缠，骚扰 | |
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apostasy
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| n.背教，脱党 | |
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prospered
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| 成功，兴旺( prosper的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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pretensions
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| 自称( pretension的名词复数 )； 自命不凡； 要求； 权力 | |
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celebrity
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| n.名人，名流；著名，名声，名望 | |
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dome
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| n.圆屋顶，拱顶 | |
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contemplated
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| adj. 预期的 动词contemplate的过去分词形式 | |
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awe
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| n.敬畏，惊惧；vt.使敬畏，使惊惧 | |
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harried
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| v.使苦恼( harry的过去式和过去分词 )；不断烦扰；一再袭击；侵扰 | |
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repudiating
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| v.（正式地）否认( repudiate的现在分词 )；拒绝接受；拒绝与…往来；拒不履行（法律义务） | |
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utterly
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| adv.完全地，绝对地 | |
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Augmented
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| adj.增音的 动词augment的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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presidency
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| n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期) | |
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hurled
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| v.猛投，用力掷( hurl的过去式和过去分词 )；大声叫骂 | |
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disciple
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| n.信徒，门徒，追随者 | |
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disciples
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| n.信徒( disciple的名词复数 )；门徒；耶稣的信徒；（尤指）耶稣十二门徒之一 | |
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inflicted
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| 把…强加给，使承受，遭受( inflict的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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prodigious
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faltered
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possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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wilderness
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| n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠 | |
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afterward
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verge
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| n.边，边缘；v.接近，濒临 | |
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persecution
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| n. 迫害,烦扰 | |
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succumbed
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| 不再抵抗（诱惑、疾病、攻击等）( succumb的过去式和过去分词 )； 屈从； 被压垮； 死 | |
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jurisdiction
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| n.司法权，审判权，管辖权，控制权 | |
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ceded
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| v.让给，割让，放弃( cede的过去式 ) | |
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ERECTED
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deliberately
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migration
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| n.迁移，移居，（鸟类等的）迁徙 | |
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hatred
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| n.憎恶，憎恨，仇恨 | |
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gleaned
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| v.一点点地收集（资料、事实）( glean的过去式和过去分词 )；（收割后）拾穗 | |
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entice
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| v.诱骗，引诱，怂恿 | |
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lamented
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| adj.被哀悼的，令人遗憾的v.（为…）哀悼，痛哭，悲伤( lament的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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emoluments
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| n.报酬，薪水( emolument的名词复数 ) | |
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pious
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| adj.虔诚的；道貌岸然的 | |
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albeit
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| conj.即使；纵使；虽然 | |
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grandeur
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| n.伟大，崇高，宏伟，庄严，豪华 | |
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missionary
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| adj.教会的，传教(士)的；n.传教士 | |
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aspire
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| vi.(to，after)渴望，追求，有志于 | |
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relentlessly
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| adv.不屈不挠地；残酷地；不间断 | |
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banished
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| v.放逐，驱逐( banish的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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solitudes
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| n.独居( solitude的名词复数 )；孤独；荒僻的地方；人迹罕至的地方 | |
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territorial
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| adj.领土的，领地的 | |
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50
rectify
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| v.订正，矫正，改正 | |
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51
dominions
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| 统治权( dominion的名词复数 )； 领土； 疆土； 版图 | |
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52
insolent
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| adj.傲慢的，无理的 | |
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53
gape
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| v.张口，打呵欠，目瞪口呆地凝视 | |
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54
judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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55
cargo
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| n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物 | |
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56
blight
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| n.枯萎病；造成破坏的因素；vt.破坏，摧残 | |
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57
scowls
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| 不悦之色，怒容( scowl的名词复数 ) | |
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58
dismal
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| adj.阴沉的，凄凉的，令人忧郁的，差劲的 | |
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59
courageously
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| ad.勇敢地，无畏地 | |
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60
pliant
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| adj.顺从的；可弯曲的 | |
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61
murky
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| adj.黑暗的，朦胧的；adv.阴暗地，混浊地；n.阴暗；昏暗 | |
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62
monotonous
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| adj.单调的，一成不变的，使人厌倦的 | |
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63
monarch
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| n.帝王，君主，最高统治者 | |
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64
enacted
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| 制定（法律），通过（法案）( enact的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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65
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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66
massacre
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| n.残杀，大屠杀；v.残杀，集体屠杀 | |
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67
emigrant
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| adj.移居的，移民的；n.移居外国的人，移民 | |
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68
disaffected
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| adj.（政治上）不满的，叛离的 | |
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69
retaliation
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| n.报复，反击 | |
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70
emigrants
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| n.（从本国移往他国的）移民( emigrant的名词复数 ) | |
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71
noted
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| adj.著名的，知名的 | |
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72
persecutor
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| n. 迫害者 | |
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73
wayfarers
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| n.旅人，（尤指）徒步旅行者( wayfarer的名词复数 ) | |
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74
mules
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| 骡( mule的名词复数 )； 拖鞋； 顽固的人； 越境运毒者 | |
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75
coveted
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| adj.令人垂涎的；垂涎的，梦寐以求的v.贪求，觊觎(covet的过去分词)；垂涎；贪图 | |
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76
transpired
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| （事实，秘密等）被人知道( transpire的过去式和过去分词 )； 泄露； 显露； 发生 | |
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77
bishop
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| n.主教，（国际象棋）象 | |
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78
muster
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| v.集合，收集，鼓起，激起；n.集合，检阅，集合人员，点名册 | |
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79
almighty
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| adj.全能的，万能的；很大的，很强的 | |
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80
promising
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| adj.有希望的，有前途的 | |
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81
negligent
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| adj.疏忽的；玩忽的；粗心大意的 | |
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82
mandate
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| n.托管地；命令，指示 | |
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83
wagons
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| n.四轮的运货马车( wagon的名词复数 )；铁路货车；小手推车 | |
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84
fortresses
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| 堡垒，要塞( fortress的名词复数 ) | |
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85
gallantly
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| adv. 漂亮地，勇敢地，献殷勤地 | |
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86
scurvy
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| adj.下流的，卑鄙的，无礼的；n.坏血病 | |
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87
retired
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| adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的 | |
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88
civilized
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| a.有教养的，文雅的 | |
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89
beleaguered
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| adj.受到围困[围攻]的；包围的v.围攻( beleaguer的过去式和过去分词)；困扰；骚扰 | |
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90
truce
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| n.休战，(争执，烦恼等的)缓和；v.以停战结束 | |
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91
professed
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| 公开声称的，伪称的，已立誓信教的 | |
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92
intercede
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| vi.仲裁，说情 | |
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93
parley
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| n.谈判 | |
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94
ultimatum
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| n.最后通牒 | |
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95
savages
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| 未开化的人，野蛮人( savage的名词复数 ) | |
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96
bishops
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| （基督教某些教派管辖大教区的）主教( bishop的名词复数 )； （国际象棋的）象 | |
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97
slaughter
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| n.屠杀，屠宰；vt.屠杀，宰杀 | |
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98
slaughtered
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| v.屠杀，杀戮，屠宰( slaughter的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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99
eldest
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| adj.最年长的，最年老的 | |
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100
consummated
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| v.使结束( consummate的过去式和过去分词 )；使完美；完婚；（婚礼后的）圆房 | |
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101
bloody
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| adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染 | |
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102
temerity
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| n.鲁莽，冒失 | |
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103
solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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104
glowering
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| v.怒视( glower的现在分词 ) | |
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105
deriding
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| v.取笑，嘲笑( deride的现在分词 ) | |
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106
spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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107
indict
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| v.起诉，控告，指控 | |
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108
scathing
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| adj.（言词、文章）严厉的，尖刻的；不留情的adv.严厉地，尖刻地v.伤害，损害（尤指使之枯萎）( scathe的现在分词) | |
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109
rebuke
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| v.指责，非难，斥责 [反]praise | |
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110
magistrate
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| n.地方行政官，地方法官，治安官 | |
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111
consternation
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| n.大为吃惊，惊骇 | |
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112
implicating
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| vt.牵涉，涉及（implicate的现在分词形式） | |
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113
guilt
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| n.犯罪；内疚；过失，罪责 | |
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114
gratuitous
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| adj.无偿的，免费的；无缘无故的，不必要的 | |
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115
coffins
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| n.棺材( coffin的名词复数 )；使某人早亡[死，完蛋，垮台等]之物 | |
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116
pretense
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| n.矫饰，做作，借口 | |
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117
impartiality
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| n. 公平, 无私, 不偏 | |
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118
proceedings
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| n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报 | |
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119
testimony
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| n.证词；见证，证明 | |
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120
concise
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| adj.简洁的，简明的 | |
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121
collated
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| v.校对( collate的过去式和过去分词 )；整理；核对；整理（文件或书等） | |
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122
implicate
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| vt.使牵连其中，涉嫌 | |
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123
embody
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| vt.具体表达，使具体化；包含，收录 | |
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124
superintendent
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| n.监督人，主管，总监；(英国)警务长 | |
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125
allusion
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| n.暗示，间接提示 | |
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126
ordeal
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| n.苦难经历，（尤指对品格、耐力的）严峻考验 | |
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127
judicial
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| adj.司法的，法庭的，审判的，明断的，公正的 | |
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128
investigation
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| n.调查，调查研究 | |
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129
depredations
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| n.劫掠，毁坏( depredation的名词复数 ) | |
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130
frightful
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| adj.可怕的；讨厌的 | |
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131
assassination
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| n.暗杀；暗杀事件 | |
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132
gunpowder
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| n.火药 | |
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133
oyster
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| n.牡蛎；沉默寡言的人 | |
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134
zephyr
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| n.和风，微风 | |
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135
assay
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| n.试验，测定 | |
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136
regenerate
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| vt.使恢复，使新生；vi.恢复，再生；adj.恢复的 | |
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137
journalism
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| n.新闻工作，报业 | |
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138
colossal
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| adj.异常的，庞大的 | |
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139
extravagant
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| adj.奢侈的；过分的；(言行等)放肆的 | |
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140
grandiloquence
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| n.夸张之言，豪言壮语，豪语 | |
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141
assailed
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| v.攻击( assail的过去式和过去分词 )；困扰；质问；毅然应对 | |
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142
simplicity
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| n.简单，简易；朴素；直率，单纯 | |
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143
candor
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| n.坦白，率真 | |
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144
specimen
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| n.样本，标本 | |
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