There is no doubt that the liquor interests in Great Britain have become frightened, just as the tobacco interests have become alarmed here; and there are rumors1 of large sums being spent to contravert the propaganda of the temperance advocates in England. Lady Astor has come out strong for Prohibition2.
The London “pub” is a notoriously shocking place. In the meanest sections of the city, I have witnessed scenes which made one realize that Dickens did not exaggerate when he drew a character like Bill Sykes. I have seen thinly clad, anemic children waiting on the steps of a public house for not only their fathers, but their mothers, to emerge. And when they finally did so, they were so drunk that they could scarcely toddle3 to their wretched homes. The British could find a way to shut up these disreputable resorts without interfering4 with the liberty of that203 portion of the population which knows how to drink in moderation.
During the war, and long after it, the hours were rigidly5 regulated with respect to bars. One could not obtain a drink until noon; then the bars were tightly closed again at 3:30 P.M., and not reopened until 6 o’clock, closing again at 9. There was little disorder6, less drunkenness than ever before in the history of the country; and, with true British loyalty7, everyone obeyed the law. No one even thought of disobeying it. That is a way they have over there. I don’t suppose one could have tempted8 an inn-keeper to sell one glass of ale, though he offered him a thousand pounds. I remember the shock of a bar-maid in a tiny town in the south of England when I, a visitor, not knowing the regulations, asked for a beaker of beer. “Why, we’re closed, sir, until suppertime,” she informed me; and turned away, not expecting—and not getting—any argument.
Had we respected our laws we would not have had Prohibition today.
In Sweden, in the summer of 1922, a referendum was taken on the all-important question of Prohibition; and the wets won. The returns were as follows:
Against 930,655
For 901,053
As in America, certain localities were decidedly in favor of complete Prohibition; but in the large204 cities one found the desire for what might be termed “dampness.” The female vote was preponderately anti-Prohibition.
A sensible system has been evolved in Sweden. They regulate the liquor traffic under what is known as the Bratt system. Only one organization in the country is permitted to dispense10 alcoholic11 beverages12. This is known as the Wine and Spirits Central, and, as in the Province of Quebec, tickets are issued to citizens, and it is almost impossible to acquire more than one’s allotted13 quota14. There is a widespread desire for a continued restriction15 of alcohol, but naturally quiet forces are at work all the time to bring about complete Prohibition. Certain reformers are attempting, by means of local option, gradually to make the whole of Sweden as dry as a desert; but Dr. Bratt is equally firm for the present system, which he contends—and figures would seem to confirm his contention—that it is better for the people than anything which could be devised. He has pointed16 out that in 1913, before liquor restriction, drunkenness was amazingly common. In 1921, drunkenness decreased 27 per cent. Arrests for drunkenness have gone down 49 per cent under his system. There is little doubt that government control in Sweden, as elsewhere, has worked remarkably17 well.
Russia went dry. Now the Soviet18 government has decided9 that Prohibition is a complete failure, resulting in the secret manufacture, as in the United205 States, of much vile19 hootch. There will be a return to good vodka, and the proceeds coming from the sale of it will be used to educate the people. Doesn’t this sound sensible?
It is unthinkable that Europe will ever be a Sahara; yet a few years ago it was likewise unthinkable that our own country would come to the arid20 state it now pretends to know. Anything is possible, and most things are probable in these days of delirium21 and stress. But a wineless France or a beerless Germany does seem rather grotesque22. I have been told that many French wine merchants, certain that America’s going dry is but a phase that will pass, are keeping vast stores of champagne23 in readiness to ship to us as soon as our laws are rescinded24. They simply cannot understand our Eighteenth Amendment25; yet perhaps they will have written into their own statutes26 some equally drastic article in the not very distant future.
That is how the Prohibitionists feel, at any rate. “Pussyfoot” Johnson at this writing is working hard in Australia to bring about this consummation. France knows already the Ligue Nationale Contre L’Alcoolisme, with offices in Paris; Switzerland has the Ligue Suise des Femmes Abstinentes; and both countries are being well peppered with depressing posters, showing the evil effects of booze. Such works of art take the place of old songs like “Father, Dear Father, Come Home with Me Now,” and plays like “Ten Nights in a Barroom.” They206 have their definite function, they will prove a power among the lower and middle classes, scorned though they may be by the manufacturers and dispensers of liquor.
But as yet the economic questions involved tease and torment27 the thrifty28 Latin. He is wise enough to see that his country will suffer in another way if wine and other drinks are totally abolished; and, as always, he looks to America for some solution of his problem.
The question therefore arises, Are the drys in the United States strong enough financially to aid Europe in her campaign against liquor? That the movement has started there in deadly earnest cannot be denied by anyone who has his eye on the situation. But it will require capital to keep it going, and just now all the European countries are notoriously poor. Is the cause of temperance deep-rooted enough to grow and flourish, despite the handicap of lack of funds? There may be multi-millionaires in the United States who will finance campaigns abroad, just as it has been rumored29 repeatedly with what regularity30 certain rich advocates of Prohibition have contributed to the American cause. In this event, the European movement would gain a tremendous impetus31; and what the result will be cannot, of course, be foretold32.
The thing happened to us. It is ridiculous to prophesy33 that it cannot happen to Europe. The pendulum34 having swung all the way for us would207 seem to indicate that it may swing all, or part of the way, for Britishers and Latins alike.
It will be interesting to watch and wait. Then we shall learn whether benevolent35 autocracies36 are better than autocratic democracies; whether crowns and ermine are more to be desired than top-hats and frock-coats.
Europe dry? Do not smile. This is an age of unexpected events, a period of transition, the like of which has not been known before.
But would Europeans obey laws that infringed37 upon their personal liberty? There were those who held that there would never be rebellion and riots in Germany, since the Germans were too docile38 a people to rise up against their government. Yet we know what the Germans did, and where the Kaiser is today.
The spectacle of America’s going bone dry is not a heartening one. Ambassadors from other lands have seen our contempt for the law; and it is doubtful if any of them would recommend to their countries a counterfeiting39 of our methods and manners. We have come to little else than disruption and heart-breaking failure in this matter of Prohibition. Imitation of our ways would amount almost to madness.
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1
rumors
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| n.传闻( rumor的名词复数 )；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷v.传闻( rumor的第三人称单数 )；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷 | |
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prohibition
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| n.禁止；禁令，禁律 | |
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3
toddle
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| v.（如小孩）蹒跚学步 | |
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interfering
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| adj. 妨碍的 动词interfere的现在分词 | |
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rigidly
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| adv.刻板地，僵化地 | |
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disorder
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| n.紊乱，混乱；骚动，骚乱；疾病，失调 | |
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7
loyalty
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| n.忠诚，忠心 | |
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tempted
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| v.怂恿（某人）干不正当的事；冒…的险（tempt的过去分词） | |
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decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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dispense
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| vt.分配，分发；配(药)，发(药)；实施 | |
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alcoholic
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| adj.（含）酒精的，由酒精引起的；n.酗酒者 | |
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12
beverages
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| n.饮料( beverage的名词复数 ) | |
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13
allotted
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| 分配，拨给，摊派( allot的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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quota
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| n.（生产、进出口等的）配额，（移民的）限额 | |
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restriction
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| n.限制，约束 | |
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pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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remarkably
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| ad.不同寻常地，相当地 | |
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Soviet
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| adj.苏联的，苏维埃的；n.苏维埃 | |
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vile
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| adj.卑鄙的，可耻的，邪恶的；坏透的 | |
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arid
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| adj.干旱的；(土地)贫瘠的 | |
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delirium
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| n. 神智昏迷,说胡话;极度兴奋 | |
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grotesque
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| adj.怪诞的，丑陋的；n.怪诞的图案，怪人（物） | |
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champagne
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| n.香槟酒；微黄色 | |
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24
rescinded
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| v.废除，取消( rescind的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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amendment
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| n.改正，修正，改善，修正案 | |
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statutes
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| 成文法( statute的名词复数 )； 法令； 法规； 章程 | |
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torment
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| n.折磨；令人痛苦的东西(人)；vt.折磨；纠缠 | |
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28
thrifty
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| adj.节俭的；兴旺的；健壮的 | |
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29
rumored
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| adj.传说的，谣传的v.传闻( rumor的过去式和过去分词 )；[古]名誉；咕哝；[古]喧嚷 | |
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30
regularity
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| n.规律性，规则性；匀称，整齐 | |
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impetus
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| n.推动，促进，刺激；推动力 | |
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32
foretold
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| v.预言，预示( foretell的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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prophesy
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| v.预言；预示 | |
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pendulum
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| n.摆，钟摆 | |
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35
benevolent
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| adj.仁慈的，乐善好施的 | |
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36
autocracies
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| n.独裁( autocracy的名词复数 )；独裁统治；独裁政体；独裁政府 | |
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37
infringed
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| v.违反（规章等）( infringe的过去式和过去分词 )；侵犯（某人的权利）；侵害（某人的自由、权益等） | |
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38
docile
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| adj.驯服的，易控制的，容易教的 | |
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39
counterfeiting
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| n.伪造v.仿制，造假( counterfeit的现在分词 ) | |
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