The mind new source of various feeling gains;
Explore the giddy town, its squares, its streets,
The 'wildered eye still fresh attraction greets;
And lift their lofty summits to the skies;
While care-worn Merit asks in vain for bread;
On all awaits,—oblivion in the tomb!”
[223] Our heros next morning determined11 on a visit to their Hibernian friend and his aunt, whom they found had not yet forgot the entertainment at the Mansion-house, and which still continued to be the favorite topic of conversation. Sir Felix expressed his satisfaction that the worthy12 Citizens of London retained with increasing splendor13 their long established renown14 of pre-eminent15 distinction in the art of good living.
“And let us hope,” said Dashall, “that they will not at any future period be reduced to the lamentable16 necessity of restraining the progress of epicurism17, as in the year 1543, when the Lord Mayor and Common Council enacted18 a sumptuary law to prevent luxurious19 eating; by which it was ordered, that the Mayor should confine himself to seven, Aldermen and Sheriffs to six, and the Sword-bearer to four dishes at dinner or supper, under the penalty of forty shillings for each supernumerary dish!”
“A law,” rejoined the Baronet, “which voluptuaries of the present times would find more difficult of observance than any enjoined20 by the decalogue.”
The Squire21 suggested the expediency22 of a similar enactment23, with a view to productive results; for were the [224] wealthy citizens (he observed) prohibited the indulgence of luxurious eating, under certain penalties, the produce would be highly beneficial to the civic24 treasury25.
The Fine Arts claiming a priority of notice, the party determined on visiting a few of the private and public Exhibitions.
London is now much and deservedly distinguished26 for the cultivation27 of the fine arts. The commotions28 on the continent operated as a hurricane on the productions of
genius, and the finest works of ancient and modern times ave been removed from their old situations to the asylum29 afforded by the wooden walls of Britain. Many of them have, therefore, been consigned30 to this country, and are now in the collections of our nobility and gentry31, chiefly in and about the metropolis32.
Although France may possess the greatest number of the larger works of the old masters, yet England undoubtedly33 possesses the greatest portion of their first-rate productions, which is accounted for by the great painters exerting all their talents on such pictures as were not too large to be actually painted by their own hands, while in their larger works they resorted to inferior assistance. Pictures, therefore, of this kind, being extremely valuable, and at the same time portable, England, during the convulsions on the Continent, was the only place where such paintings could obtain a commensurate price. Such is the wealth of individuals in this country, that some of these pictures now described, belonging to private collections, were purchased at the great prices of ten and twelve thousand guineas each.
Amongst the many private collections of pictures, statues, &c. in the metropolis, that of the Marquis of Stafford, called the Cleveland Gallery, is the most prominent, being the finest collection of the old masters in England, and was principally selected from the works that formerly35 composed the celebrated36 Orleans Gallery, and others, which at the commencement of the French revolution were brought to this country. Thither37, then, our tourists directed their progress, and through the mediation38 of Dashall access was obtained without difficulty.
The party derived39 much pleasure in the inspection40 of this collection, which contains two or three fine pictures of Raphael, several by Titian and the Caracas, some [225] capital productions of the Dutch and Flemish schools, and some admirable productions of the English school, particularly two by Wilson, one by Turner, and one by Vobson, amounting, in the whole, to 300 first-rate pictures by the first masters, admirably distributed in the new gallery, the drawing-room, the Poussin room (containing eight chef d'oeuvres of that painter), the passage-room, dining-room, old anti-room, old gallery, and small room. The noble proprietor42 has liberally appropriated one day in the week for the public to view these pictures. The curiosity of.the visitors being now amply gratified, they retired43, Sir Felix much pleased with the polite attention of the domestic who conducted them through the different apartments, to whom Miss Macgilligan offered a gratuity45, but the acceptance of which was, with courteous46 acknowledgments, declined.
Proceeding47 to the house of Mr. Angerstein, Pall34 Mall, our party obtained leave to inspect a collection, not numerous, but perhaps the most select of any in London, and which has certainly been formed at the greatest expense in proportion to its numbers. Among its principal ornaments48 are four of the finest landscapes by Claude; the Venus and Adonis, and the Ganymede, by Titian, from the Colonna palace at Rome; a very fine landscape by Poussin, and other works by Velasquez, Rubens, Murillo, and Vandyck: to all which is added the invaluable50 series of Hogarth's Marriage-a-la-mode.
Returning along Pall-Mall, our perambulators now reached the Gallery of the British Institution; a Public Exhibition, established in the year 1805, under the patronage51 of his late Majesty52, for the encouragement and reward of the talents of British artists, exhibiting during half of the year a collection of the works of living artists for sale; and during the other half year, it is furnished with pictures painted by the most celebrated masters, for the study of the academic and other pupils in painting. The Institution, now patronised by his present Majesty, is supported by the subscriptions53 of the principal nobility and gentry, and the number of pictures sold under their influence is very considerable. The gallery was first opened on April 17, 1806.
In 1813, the public were gratified by a display of the best works of Sir Joshua Reynolds, collected by the industry and influence of the committee, from the private [226] collections of the royal family, nobility, and gentry; and in 1814, by a collection of 221 pictures of those inimitable painters, Hogarth, Gainsborough, and Wilson.{1}
1 That the Fine Arts engaged not a little of the attention
notorious to require proof. The establishment of the Royal
Academy, in 1768, and its consequent yearly Exhibitions,
many who were eager to be thought the possessors of it, to a
subject already honoured by the solicitude58 of the sovereign.
A considerable proportion of the public was thus induced to
talk of painting and painters, and to sit for a portrait
soon became the fashion; a fashion, strange to say, which
has lasted ever since. Whether the talents of Sir Joshua
Reynolds as a painter, were alone the cause of his high
reputation, may, however, admit of a doubt. From an early
period of life, he had the good fortune to be associated in
friendship with several of the most eminent literary
characters of the age; amongst whom there were some whose
high rank and personal consequence in the country greatly
assisted him to realize one leading object which he had in
view, that of uniting in himself (perhaps for the first time
in the person of an English painter) the artist and the man
of fashion. From his acknowledged success in the attainment59
of this object, tending as it did to the subversion60 of
ancient prejudices degrading to art, what beneficial effects
might not have resulted, had the President exerted his
influence to sustain the dignity of the artist in others!
But satisfied with the place in society which he himself had
gained, he left the rest of the Academy to follow his
example, if they could, seldom or never mixing with them in
company, and contenting himself with the delivery of an
annual lecture to the students. Genius is of spontaneous
growth, but education, independence, and never-ceasing
opportunity, are necessary to its full developement.
Since then they have regularly two annual exhibitions; one, of the best works of the old masters, for the improvement of the public taste, and knowledge of the artists, varied61 by some of the deceased British artists, alternately with that on their old plan of the exhibition and sale of the works of living artists.
The directors of this laudable Institution have also exhibited and procured62 the loan for study, of one or two of the inimitable cartoons of Raphael for their students. An annual private exhibition of their studies also takes place yearly; the last of which displayed such a degree of merit as no society or academy in Europe could equal.
Sir Felix, who on a former occasion had expressed a wish to acquire the art of verse-writing, was so much satisfied with his inspection of this exhibition, that he [227]became equally emulous of attaining63 the sister-art of painting; but Dashall requested him to suspend at present his choice, as perhaps he might alternately prefer the acquisition of music.
“In that case,” rejoined the Baronet, “I must endeavour to acquire the knack64 of rhyming extempore, that I may accompany the discordant65 music with correspondent doggerels to the immortal66 memory of the heroic achievements of my revered67 Aunt's mighty68 progenitor69—O'Brien king of Ulster.”
This expression of contempt cast by the Baronet on the splendor of the ancient provincial70 sovereign of the north, had nearly created an open rupture71 between his aunt and him. Tallyho, however, happily succeeded in effecting an amnesty for the past, on promise under his guarantee of amendment72 for the future.
The party now migrated by Spring Garden Gate into the salubrious regions of St. James's Park, and crossing its eastern extremity73, took post of observation opposite the Horse Guards, an elegant building of stone, that divides Parliament-street from St. James's Park, to which it is the principal entrance. The architect was Ware74, and the building cost upwards75 of ￡30,000. It derives76 its name from the two regiments77 of Life Guards (usually called the Horse Guards) mounting guard there.
“Here is transacted,” said Dashall, “all the business of the British army in a great variety of departments, consisting of the Commander-in-Chief's Office,—the Offices of the Secretary-at-War,—the Adjutant-General's Office,—the Quarter-Master-General's Office,—besides the Orderly Rooms for the three regiments of Foot Guards, whose arms are kept here. These three regiments, containing about 7000 men, including officers, and two regiments of Horse Guards, consisting together of 1200 men, at once serve as appendages78 to the King's royal state, and form a general military establishment for the metropolis. A body called the Yeomen of the Guard, consisting of 100 men, remains79 a curious relic80 of the dress of the King's guards in the fifteenth century. Some Light Horse are stationed at the Barracks in Hyde Park, to attend his Majesty, or other members of the Royal Family, chiefly in travelling; and to do duty on occasions immediately connected with the King's administration.
[228] “On the left is the Admiralty (anciently Wallingford House), containing the offices and apartments of the Lords Commissioners82 who superintend the marine83 department of this mighty empire.
“On the right is the Treasury and Secretary of State's Offices. Here, in fact, is performed the whole State business of the British Empire. In one building is directed the movements of those fleets, whose thunders rule every sea, and strike terror into every nation. In the centre is directed the energies of an army, hitherto invincible84 in the field, and which, number for number, would beat any other army in the world. Adjoining are the executive departments with relation to civil and domestic concerns, to foreign nations, and to our exterior85 colonies. And to finish the groupe, here is that wonderful Treasury, which receives and pays above a hundred millions per annum.”
Entering Parliament-street from the Horse-Guards, our perambulators now proceeded to Westminster-bridge,{1} which passing, they paid a visit to Coade and Sealy's Gallery of Artificial Stone, Westminster-bridge-road.
1 Westminster Bridge. This bridge was built between the
years 1730 and 1750, and cost ￡389,000. It is 1223 feet
and two small semicircular arches; and has on its top 28
semi-octangular towers, twelve of which are covered with
feet, or 200 tons of Portland stone. The middle arch is 76
feet wide, the two next 72 feet, and the last 25 feet. The
free-water way between the piers is 870 feet. This bridge is
remarkable90 proof of which, we may quote the extraordinary
echo of its corresponding towers, a person in one being able
to hear the whispers of a person opposite, though at the
distance of nearly 50 feet.
This place contains a great variety of elegant models from the antique and modern masters, of statues, busts91, vases, pedestals, monuments, architectural and sculptural decorations, modelled and baked on a composition harder and more durable92 than any stone.
Animadverting on the utility of this work combining the taste of elegance93 with the advantage of permanent wear, the two friends, Tom and Bob, recollected94 having seen, in their rambles95 through the metropolis, many specimens97 of the perfection of this ingenious art, particularly at Carlton-House, the Pelican98 Office, Lombard-street, and almost all the public halls. The statues of the four [229]quarters of the world, and others at the Bank, at the Admiralty, Trinity House, Tower-hill, Somerset-place, the Theatres; and almost every street presents objects, (some of 20 years standing,) as perfect as when put up.
Retracing99 their steps homewards, our pedestrians100 again crossed the Park, and finding themselves once more in Spring Gardens, entered the Exhibition Rooms of the Society of Painters in Water Colours.
This, beyond any other gratification of the morning, pleased the party the most. The vivid tints101 of the various well-executed landscapes had a pleasing effect, and wore more the appearance of nature than any similar display of the fascinating art which they had hitherto witnessed.
This Society, which was formed in 1804, for the purpose of giving due emphasis to an interesting branch of art that was lost in the blaze of Somerset-House, where water-colours, however beautiful, harmonized so badly with paintings in oil, has, in its late exhibitions, deviated102 from its original and legitimate103 object, and has mixed with its own exquisite104 productions various pictures in oil.
The last annual exhibition of painting in oil and water colours, was as brilliant and interesting as any former one, and afforded unmixed pleasure to every visitor.
One more attraction remained in Spring Gardens, which Tom, who had all the morning very ably performed the double duty of conductor and explainer, proposed the company's visiting;—“That is,” said he, “Wigley's Promenade105 Rooms, where are constantly on exhibition various objects of curiosity.”
Thither then they repaired, and were much pleased with two very extraordinary productions of ingenuity106, the first Mr. Theodon's grand Mechanical and Picturesque107 Theatre, illustrative of the effect of art in imitation of nature, in views of the Island of St. Helena, the City of Paris, the passage of Mount St. Barnard, Chinese artificial fireworks, and a storm at sea. The whole was conducted on the principle of perspective animation108, in a manner highly picturesque, natural, and interesting.
Here also our party examined the original model of a newly invented travelling automaton109, a machine which can, with ease and accuracy, travel at the rate of six miles an hour, ascend acclivities, and turn the narrowest corners, by machinery110 only, conducted by one of the persons seated within, without the assistance of either horse or steam.
[230] This extraordinary piece of mechanism111 attracted the particular attention of the Baronet, who minutely explored its principles, with the view, as he said, of its introduction to general use, in the province of Munster, in substitution of ricketty jaunting-cars and stumbling geldings. Miss Judith Macgilligan likewise condescended112 to honour this novel carriage with her approbation113, as an economical improvement, embracing, with its obvious utility, a vast saving in the keep of horses, and superseding114 the use of jaunting-cars, the universal succedaneum, in Ireland, for more respectable vehicles; but which, she added, no lady of illustrious ancestry115 should resort to.
This endless recurrence116 to noble descent elicited117 from Sir Felix another “palpable hit;” who observed, that those fastidious dames118 of antiquity119, to whatever country belonging, of apparent asperity120 to the present times, would do well in laying aside unfounded prejudices; that the age to which Miss Macgilligan so frequently alluded121, was one of the most ignorant barbarism; and the unpolished females of that day unequal to a comparison with those of the present, as much so, as the savage122 squaws of America with the finished beauties of an Irish Vicegerent's drawing-room.{1}
1 The pride of ancestry, although prevalent in Ireland, is
not carried to the preposterous124 excess exemplified by
Cambrian vanity and egotism. A gentleman lately visited a
friend in Wales, who, among other objects of curiosity,
gratified his guest with the inspection of his family
consideration of antediluvian127 research, bore in its centre
this notable inscription,—About this time the world was
created!!!
Re-entering St. James's Park, our party directed their course towards the Mall, eastward128 of which they were agreeably amused by the appearance of groupes of children, who, under the care of attendant nursery maids, were regaling themselves with milk from the cow, thus presenting to these delighted juveniles129 a rural feast in the heart of the metropolis.
[231] Here Dashall drew the attention of his friends to a very important improvement. “Until within these few months,” said he, “the Park at night-fall presented a very sombre aspect; being so imperfectly lighted as to encourage the resort of the most depraved characters of both sexes; and although, in several instances, a general caption131, by direction of the police, was made of these nocturnal visitants, yet the evil still remained; when a brilliant remedy at last was found, by entirely132 irradiating the darkness hitherto so favourable133 to the career of licentiousness134: these lamps, each at a short distance from the other, have been lately introduced; stretching along the Mall, and circumscribing135 the Park, they shed a noon-tide splendor on the solitude136 of midnight. They are lighted with gas, and continue burning from sunset to day-break, combining ornament49 with utility. Thus vice123 has been banished137 from her wonted haunts, and the Park has become a respectable evening promenade.
“This Park,” continued the communicative Dashall, “which is nearly two miles in circuit, was enclosed by King Charles II., who planted the avenues, made the Canal and the Aviary138 adjacent to the Bird-cage Walk, which took its name from the cages hung in the trees; but the present fine effect of the piece of ground within the railing, is the fruit of the genius of the celebrated Mr. Brown."{1}
1 St. James's Park was the frequent promenade of King
Charles II. Here he was to be seen almost daily; unattended,
except by one or two of his courtiers, and his favorite
grey-hounds; inter-mixing with his subjects, in perfect
James one day remonstrating141 with him on the impolicy of thus
exposing his person,—“James,” rejoined his majesty, “take
care of yourself, and be under no apprehension142 for me: my
people will never kill me, to make you king!”
In more recent times, Mr. Charles Townsend used every
morning, as he came to the Treasury, to pass by the Canal in
the Park, and feed the ducks with bread or corn, which he
brought in his pocket for that purpose. One morning having
called his affectionate friends, the duckey, duckey,
duckies, he found unfortunately that he had forgotten them;—
“Poor duckies!” he cried, “I am sorry I am in a hurry and
cannot get you some bread, but here is sixpence for you to
buy some,” and threw the ducks a sixpence, which one of them
gobbled up. At the office he very wisely told the story to
some gentlemen with whom he was to dine. There being ducks
for dinner, one of the gentlemen ordered a sixpence to be
put into the body of a duck, which he gave Charles to cut
up. Our hero, sur-prised at finding a sixpence among the
bitterly that he would have him prosecuted146 for robbing the
king of his ducks; “for,” said he, “gentlemen, this very
morning did I give this sixpence to one of the ducks in the
Canal in St. James's Park.”
[232] The party now seated themselves on one of the benches in the Mall, opposite the spot where lately stood the Chinese or Pagoda147 bridge. Tallyho had often animadverted on the absurdity148 of the late inconvenient149 and heterogeneous150 wooden structure, which had been erected151 at a considerable public expense; its dangling152 non-descript ornaments, and tiresome153 acclivity and descent of forty steps each. “What,” said he, “notwithstanding the protection by centinels of this precious memento154 of vitiated taste, has it become the prey155 of dilapidation156?”
“Rather,” answered Dashall, “of premature157 decay. Its crazy condition induced the sage41 authors of its origin to hasten its destruction; like the Cherokee chief, who, when the object of his regard becomes no longer useful, buries him alive!”
Contrasting the magnificent appearance of the adjacent edifices158, as seen from the Park, with one of apparently159 very humble160 pretensions161, Miss Macgilligan inquired to what purpose the “shabby fabric” was applied162, and by whom occupied.
“That 'shabby fabric,' Madam,” responded Dashall, “is St. James's Palace, erected by Henry VIII., in which our sovereigns of England have held their Courts from the reign of Queen Anne to that of his late Majesty George III.” {1}
stairs: this has been entirely repaired, and on the right
hand there is a characteristic chimney-piece, instead of the
ill-shaped clumsy fire-place which previously166 disgraced this
approach to the grand rooms. The next room, continuing to
advance, is the presence chamber. This chamber has been
remodelled167, and a large handsome octagonal window
introduced. This produces the best effect, and has rendered
from east to west, parallel to the Mall in the Park, and is,
entirely new from the foundation, and is a continuation of
the old suite of state apartments. The chamber is of noble
dimensions, being nearly 70 feet in length, and having four
windows towards the garden and Park beyond. A magnificent
marble chimney-piece occupies the centre, on the east end.
The anti-drawing-room and the drawing-room, in which little
alteration171 appears, except in the introduction of splendid
chimney-pieces of statuary marble, taken from the library of
Queen Caroline in the Stable Yard, built by Kent. The
workmanship of these is amazingly fine, and the designs very
rich. The throne is at the upper end of the drawing room No.
the middle doors of the anti-drawing-rooms is about 200
feet!! Thecoup d'oeil must be indescribably grand, when
all the three apartments are filled with rank and beauty.
four large windows in each, the whole suite is very
noble collection of the royal pictures. Over the chimney in
the drawing-room, Lawrence's splendid portrait of George
Gibbons, of which many are preserved in the Palace, will be
the principal object. In the anti-drawing-room a portrait of
the venerable George III. will occupy a similar station; and
on each side will appear the victories which reflected the
privy chamber, a portrait of Queen Anne will be attended by
the great Marlborough triumphs of Lisle and Tournay,
Blenheim, and other historical pieces. Other spaces will
exhibit a series of royal portraits, from the period of the
including, of course, some of the most celebrated works of
Holbein and Vandyke. The unrivalled “Charles on
horseback,” by the latter, is among the number, and the
of the arts in England for three centuries. On the whole,
these state apartments, when completed, will not be
excelled, if equalled, by any others in Europe. Holbein,
whom we have just mentioned, was a favourite of Henry VIII.
picture for the king, a nobleman forced himself into the
chamber. Holbein threw him down stairs; the peer cried out;
Holbein bolted himself in, escaped over the roof of the
house, and running directly to the king, fell on his knees,
the offence. The king promised to forgive him, if he would
tell the truth. Immediately arrives the lord with his
complaint. After hearing the whole, his majesty said to the
nobleman,—” You have behaved in a manner unworthy of your
rank. I tell you, of seven peasants I can make so many
lords, but not one Holbein. Be gone, and remember this, if
injury you do to the painter as done to me.”
[233] The descendant of O'Brien was astonished, and connecting her ideas of the internal show of this Palace with its outward appearance, doubted not, secretly, that it was far inferior to the residence, in former times, of her royal progenitor.
Probably guessing her thoughts, Dashall proceeded to observe, that the Palace was venerable from age, and in its interior decoration that it fully corresponded in splendor with the regal purposes to which it had been so long applied; “It is now, however,” he added, “about to assume a still more imposing aspect, being under alterations184 and adornments, for the reception of the Court of his present Majesty, which, when completed, will render it worthy the presence of the Sovereign of this great Empire.”
[234] The sole use made lately of St. James's Palace, is for purposes of state. In 1808, the south-eastern wing of the building was destroyed by fire; the state apartments were, however, uninjured, and the Court of George the Third and his Queen was held here.
On the right of the Palace, the attention of the party was next attracted by Marlborough House. It was built in the reign of Queen Anne, by the public, at the expense of 40,000L. on part of the royal gardens, and given by the Queen and Parliament, on a long lease, to the great Duke of Marlborough. It is a handsome building, much improved of late years, and has a garden extending to the Park, and forms a striking contrast to the adjoining Palace of St. James's. It is now the town residence of his Royal Highness, Prince Leopold of Saxe Cobourg.
Our party now passed into St. James's-street, where Miss Macgilligan, whose acerbitude of temper had been much softened185 by the politeness of her friends during the morning's ramble96, mentioned, that she had a visit to make on an occasion of etiquette186, and requesting the honour of the gentlemen's company to dinner, she was handed by the Squire of Belville-hall, with all due gallantry and obeisance187, into a hackney-chariot; Tom in the meanwhile noting its number, in the anticipation188 of its ultimately proving a requisite189 precaution.
The trio, now left to their own pursuits, lounged leisurely190 up St. James's-street, and pausing at the caricature shop, an incident occurred which placed in a very favorable point of view the Baronet's promptitude of reply and equanimity191 of temper. Having had recourse to his glasses, lie stood on the pavement, examining the prints, unobservant of any other object; when a porter with a load brushed hastily forward, and coming in contact with the Baronet, put him, involuntarily, by the violence of the shock, to the left about face, without the word either of caution or command. “Damn your spectacles!” at same time, exclaimed the fellow; “Thank you, my good friend,” rejoined Sir Felix,—“it is not the first time that my spectacles have saved my eyes!”
[235] Remarking on this rencounter, Dashall observed, that the insolence192 of these fellows was become really a public nuisance. Armed in the panoply193 of arrogance194, they assume the right of the footway, to the ejection, danger, and frequent injury of other passengers; moving in a direct line with loads that sometimes stretch on either side the width of the pavement, they dash onward195, careless whom they may run against, or what mischief196 may ensue. “I would not,” continued Dashall, “class them with beasts of burthen, and confine them to the carriage-way of the street, like other brutes197 of that description; but I would have them placed under the control of some salutary regulations, and humanized under the dread198 of punishment.”
The Squire coincided with his friend in opinion, and added, by way of illustration, that it was only a few days since he witnessed a serious accident occasioned by the scandalous conduct of a porter: the fellow bore on his shoulders a chest of drawers, a corner of which, while he forced his way along the pavement, struck a young lady a stunning199 blow on the head, bringing her violently to the ground, and falling against a shop window, one of her hands went through a pane200 of glass, by which she was severely201 cut; thus sustaining a double injury, either of which might have been attended with fatal consequences.
The three friends had now gained the fashionable lounge of Bond-street, whence turning into Conduit-street, they entered Limmer's Coffee-house, for the purpose of closing, by refreshment202, the morning's excursion.
Here Dashall recognized an old acquaintance in the person of an eminent physician, who, after an interchange of civilities, resumed his attention to the daily journals.
In the same box with this gentleman, and directly opposite, sat another, whose health was apparently on the decline, who finding that the ingenious physician had occasionally dropped into this coffee-house, had placed himself vis-a-vis the doctor, and made many indirect efforts to withdraw his attention from the newspaper to examine the index of his (the invalid203's) constitution. He at last ventured a bold push at once, in the following terms: “Doctor,” said he, “I have for a long time been very far from being well, and as I belong to an office, where I am obliged to attend everyday, the complaints I have prove very troublesome to me, [236] and I would be glad to remove them.”—The doctor laid down his paper, and regarded his patient with a steady eye, while he proceeded. “I have but little appetite, and digest what I eat very poorly; I have a strange swimming in my head,” &c. In short, after giving the doctor a full quarter of an hour's detail of all his symptoms, he concluded the state of his case with a direct question:—“Pray, doctor, what shall I take?” The doctor, in the act of resuming the newspaper, gave him the following laconic204 prescription:—“Take, why, take advice!”
This colloquy205, and its ludicrous result, having been perfectly130 audible to the company present, afforded considerable entertainment, of which the manoeuvring invalid seemed in no degree willing to partake, for he presently made his exit, without even thanking the doctor for his gratuitous206 advice.{1}
1 Limmeb's Hotel.—This justly esteemed Hotel was much
frequented by the late unfortunate Lord Camelford. Entering
came in a “dashing fellow,” a “first-rate blood,” who threw
himself into the opposite seat of the same box with Lord C,
and in a most consequential209 tone hallowed out, “Waiter!
put them in the next box.” He then drew to him Lord C.'s
candle, and set himself to read. His Lordship glanced at him
a look of indignation, but exerting his optics a little
more, continued to decypher his paper. The waiter soon re-
appeared, and with a multitude of obsequious211 bows, announced
his having completed the commands of the gentleman, who
immediately lounged round into his box. Lord Camelford
that of Mr.——-, “Waiter! bring me a pair of snuffers.”
These were quickly brought, when his Lordship laid down his
paper, walked round to the box in which Mr.——-was, snuffed
out both the candles, and leisurely returned to his seat.
Boiling with rage and fury, the indignant beau roared out,
“Waiter! waiter! waiter! who the devil is this fellow, that
dares thus to insult a gentleman? Who is he? What is he?
What do they call him?”—“Lord Camelford, Sir,” said the
waiter.—“Who? Lord Camelford!” returned the former, in a
tone of voice scarcely audible; horror-struck at the
recollection of his own impertinence, and almost doubting
whether he was still in existence—“Lord Camelford!!! What
have I to pay?” On being told, he laid down his score, and
actually stole away, without daring to taste his Madeira.
[237] The repast ended, the friends separated; Sir Felix to rejoin his august relative at their lodgings213, and arrange with her preparations for the entertainment of Tom and Bob, and these two gentlemen also returning homewards to dress for the important occasion.
Passing the house of his tailor, the Baronet stept in, and desired Mr. Snip214 to send to his lodgings, any time in the course of the evening, for the last new suit, for the purpose of alteration, as had been already pointed215 out.
Miss Macgilligan had preceded her nephew in reaching home, and gave him, on his arrival, an appropriate and edifying216 lecture on a three-fold subject, embracing—petulancy,—respect to superiors,—and veneration217 for the memory of our ancestors.
The Baronet, who never designed seriously to insult his aunt, but merely to have a bye-blow at her prominent foible,—pride of descent,—listened with becoming deference218 to her dissertation219, which was interrupted by the entrance of his servant, (the same who on a certain occasion confided220 to Mother Cummings the safety of his master's property,{1})—“The tailor's boy, Sir Felix, for the new suit your Honor ordered to be altered.”—“Very well,” rejoined Sir Felix, “sure enough Mr. Snip is prompt in observance of instructions,—let the lad have the suit immediately.”—This business having been despatched, Miss Macgilligan was about to resume her admonitory discourse221; when, luckily, the arrival of the expected guests prevented its continuance, and it was consequently postponed222 until a more favourable opportunity.
1 Vide page 130.
Dinner was shortly announced, during which nothing occurred of particular import. When the exhilirating “Tuscan grape” had superseded223 the discarded viands224, Miss Macgilligan mentioned, that she had been grossly imposed upon by the driver of the hackney-chariot. It seems, that conceiving Jehu was exacting225 more than his fare, the lady, presenting a handful of silver, told him to take it all, if he thought proper, and the conscientious226 knight227 of the whip had actually embraced the offer in its literal acceptation, and pocketing the money, made the best of his way, before she recovered from the surprise occasioned by this “iniquitous” transaction.
[238] “Iniquitous!” repeated the Baronet;—“by the powers of folly228 but there was no advantage taken at all, at all; and the man must have been worse than an idiot had he rejected so liberal an offer! Gra-machree, he might cry, and thanks to the donor229, such opportunities don't occur every day.”
Appealing to her guests, she had the mortification230 of finding the opinion of her nephew supported.—“Certainly, madam,” said Dashall, “the conduct of the man in putting a construction not meant upon your word, was highly reprehensible231; yet I am afraid that redress232 is unavailable. A gift was implied, though obviously not intended, but impartially233 speaking, you tendered a donation, and the man, if not morally right, was legally justifiable234 in accepting it.”
While this case was under discussion, the baronet chuckled235 at the mischance of his aunt, and in defiance236 of the admonition given him a few hours before, seemed more petulant237, less respectful, and totally irreverent of his ancestors.
In the enjoyment238 of this triumph, and asserting that he could not be taken-in, even by the most artfully conducted manouvre, he was struck dumb by the information that Mr. Snip the tailor had called for the new suit. “The devil fly over the hill of Howth with him!” exclaimed the astounded239 Sir Felix, with a secret foreboding of evil, “has he not had the new suit, hours ago?”
“He says not, sir,” answered the servant.
“Where then, in the name of mystery,” rejoined the baronet, “are the clothes gone to? They were sent by his boy, were they not?”
“He denies, sir,” responded the servant, “that he sent for the clothes at all at all.”
“Sowl of my grandmother! send in this snip of a tailor instantaneously.”
Mr. Snip repeated, that he had not sent for the clothes; and neither did he keep a boy; but he recollected that there was a lad in his shop purchasing some trifling241 article at the time Sir Felix gave his address, and ordered the new suit to be sent for; and there is no doubt, added Snip, that this young adept242, being thus put in the way of successfully practising a fraud, gladly availed himself of the opportunity, and obtained possession of the clothes in my name. But, Sir Felix (continued Mr. Snip) it must have escaped your recollection when [239] you sanctioned the delivery of the clothes, that I had particularly cautioned you, when you first honoured me with your custom, against your sending to my house any articles of apparel by pretended messengers from me, unless on the authority of my own hand writing.”
“I exonerate243 you,” said the baronet, “from censure244, and exempt245 you from loss. I have been swindled. There is now no remedy. So make me another suit, and by stricter vigilance, we shall endeavour to avoid future depredation246."{1}
1 This is amongst the inferior classes of fraud daily
practised in the metropolis. The following is one of a
fust rate description.
successfully carried into execution on Saturday last, is
scarcely to be equalled on the records of fraud. It was
equal to that practised on Rundle and Bridge, the jewellers,
some time ago, but the present case is only at the expense
himself Mr. Winter, is rather above the middle size, was
dressed in a brown frock coat, wears long whiskers, and is
well calculated for imposition in address and manner. A
the barrister, having been advertised to be let, Mr. Winter
called about it several times last week, and he appointed
Saturday last to call with some ladies, when he could give a
final answer; and the servants were desired, if the
occupants were from home, to shew the gentleman and his
party into the dining-room. Having secured this point, Mr.
Winter called upon Mr. Ely, a jeweller, at the latter end of
the week, and after looking over some trifles, in the shop,
he desired that some ladies' watches might be brought to his
residence, No. 5, Southampton-street, at a certain hour on
Saturday, for inspection. The swindler called some time
before the jeweller was expected, and inquired if the ladies
who were to meet him there had called, and being informed in
informed of his arrival when they came. He was shewn into
the front drawing-room, but he preferred the adjoining room,
and desired the servant to shew a gentleman, who would call,
into the front room, and let him know when he arrived. The
jeweller was to his time with the goods, and Mr. Winter paid
him a visit, and after looking over the goods, he selected
four watches, worth 100L. to shew the ladies in the next
room, instead of which he took his hat, and walked off with
the watches. After waiting till out of patience, the
jeweller rang the bell, and the servant missed Mr. Winter,
and the jeweller his watches!
[240] It was now Miss Macgilligan's turn to triumph, but, to the surprise and relief of her nephew, she did not avail herself of the privilege; sensible, perhaps, that the loss which site sustained, was occasioned by her own imprudence, and that his misfortune might have happened to those even the most guarded against deception252, she consoled instead of recriminating. The most perfect unanimity253 now prevailed between the two relatives; and the evening passed on with increased pleasure. The unexpected migration254 of the new suit led to conversation on the frauds of London, when Dashall justly observed, that if the ingenuity exemplified in depredation was exercised in honest industry, in place of being now the pest, many of those men might have been the ornaments of Society.
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1
domains
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| n.范围( domain的名词复数 )；领域；版图；地产 | |
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spires
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| n.（教堂的） 塔尖，尖顶( spire的名词复数 ) | |
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3
countless
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| adj.无数的，多得不计其数的 | |
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4
wilt
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| v.(使)植物凋谢或枯萎；(指人)疲倦，衰弱 | |
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5
ascend
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| vi.渐渐上升，升高；vt.攀登，登上 | |
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6
woe
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| n.悲哀，苦痛，不幸，困难；int.用来表达悲伤或惊慌 | |
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7
affluence
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| n.充裕，富足 | |
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8
scowl
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| vi.(at)生气地皱眉，沉下脸，怒视；n.怒容 | |
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maze
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| n.迷宫，八阵图，混乱，迷惑 | |
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10
doom
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| n.厄运，劫数；v.注定，命定 | |
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11
determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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12
worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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13
splendor
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| n.光彩；壮丽，华丽；显赫，辉煌 | |
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14
renown
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| n.声誉，名望 | |
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15
eminent
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| adj.显赫的，杰出的，有名的，优良的 | |
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16
lamentable
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| adj.令人惋惜的，悔恨的 | |
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17
epicurism
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| n.贪口福，美食主义 | |
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18
enacted
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| 制定（法律），通过（法案）( enact的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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19
luxurious
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| adj.精美而昂贵的；豪华的 | |
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20
enjoined
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| v.命令( enjoin的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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21
squire
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| n.护卫, 侍从, 乡绅 | |
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22
expediency
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| n.适宜；方便；合算；利己 | |
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23
enactment
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| n.演出，担任…角色；制订，通过 | |
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24
civic
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| adj.城市的，都市的，市民的，公民的 | |
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25
treasury
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| n.宝库；国库，金库；文库 | |
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26
distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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27
cultivation
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| n.耕作，培养，栽培（法），养成 | |
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28
commotions
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| n.混乱，喧闹，骚动( commotion的名词复数 ) | |
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29
asylum
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| n.避难所，庇护所，避难 | |
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30
consigned
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| v.把…置于（令人不快的境地）( consign的过去式和过去分词 )；把…托付给；把…托人代售；丟弃 | |
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31
gentry
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| n.绅士阶级，上层阶级 | |
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32
metropolis
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| n.首府；大城市 | |
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33
undoubtedly
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| adv.确实地，无疑地 | |
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34
pall
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| v.覆盖，使平淡无味；n.柩衣，棺罩；棺材；帷幕 | |
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35
formerly
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| adv.从前，以前 | |
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36
celebrated
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| adj.有名的，声誉卓著的 | |
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37
thither
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| adv.向那里；adj.在那边的，对岸的 | |
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38
mediation
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| n.调解 | |
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39
derived
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| vi.起源；由来；衍生；导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取 | |
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40
inspection
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| n.检查，审查，检阅 | |
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41
sage
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| n.圣人，哲人；adj.贤明的，明智的 | |
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42
proprietor
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| n.所有人；业主；经营者 | |
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43
retired
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| adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的 | |
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44
domes
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| n.圆屋顶( dome的名词复数 )；像圆屋顶一样的东西；圆顶体育场 | |
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45
gratuity
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| n.赏钱，小费 | |
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46
courteous
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| adj.彬彬有礼的，客气的 | |
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47
proceeding
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| n.行动，进行，(pl.)会议录，学报 | |
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48
ornaments
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| n.装饰( ornament的名词复数 )；点缀；装饰品；首饰v.装饰，点缀，美化( ornament的第三人称单数 ) | |
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49
ornament
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| v.装饰，美化；n.装饰，装饰物 | |
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50
invaluable
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| adj.无价的，非常宝贵的，极为贵重的 | |
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51
patronage
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| n.赞助，支援，援助；光顾，捧场 | |
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52
majesty
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| n.雄伟，壮丽，庄严，威严；最高权威，王权 | |
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53
subscriptions
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| n.（报刊等的）订阅费( subscription的名词复数 )；捐款；（俱乐部的）会员费；捐助 | |
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54
reign
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| n.统治时期，统治，支配，盛行；v.占优势 | |
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55
awakened
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| v.（使）醒( awaken的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）觉醒；弄醒；（使）意识到 | |
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56
stimulated
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| a.刺激的 | |
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57
affluent
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| adj.富裕的，富有的，丰富的，富饶的 | |
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58
solicitude
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| n.焦虑 | |
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59
attainment
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| n.达到，到达；［常pl.］成就，造诣 | |
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60
subversion
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| n.颠覆，破坏 | |
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61
varied
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| adj.多样的，多变化的 | |
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62
procured
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| v.（努力）取得， （设法）获得( procure的过去式和过去分词 )；拉皮条 | |
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63
attaining
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| （通常经过努力）实现( attain的现在分词 )； 达到； 获得； 达到（某年龄、水平、状况） | |
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64
knack
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| n.诀窍，做事情的灵巧的，便利的方法 | |
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65
discordant
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| adj.不调和的 | |
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66
immortal
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| adj.不朽的；永生的，不死的；神的 | |
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67
revered
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| v.崇敬，尊崇，敬畏( revere的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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68
mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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69
progenitor
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| n.祖先，先驱 | |
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70
provincial
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| adj.省的，地方的；n．外省人，乡下人 | |
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71
rupture
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| n.破裂；(关系的)决裂；v.(使)破裂 | |
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72
amendment
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| n.改正，修正，改善，修正案 | |
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73
extremity
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| n.末端，尽头；尽力；终极；极度 | |
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74
ware
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| n.(常用复数)商品，货物 | |
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75
upwards
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| adv.向上，在更高处...以上 | |
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76
derives
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| v.得到( derive的第三人称单数 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取 | |
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77
regiments
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| （军队的）团( regiment的名词复数 )； 大量的人或物 | |
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78
appendages
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| n.附属物( appendage的名词复数 )；依附的人；附属器官；附属肢体（如臂、腿、尾等） | |
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79
remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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80
relic
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| n.神圣的遗物，遗迹，纪念物 | |
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81
immediate
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| adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的 | |
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82
commissioners
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| n.专员( commissioner的名词复数 )；长官；委员；政府部门的长官 | |
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83
marine
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| adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵 | |
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84
invincible
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| adj.不可征服的，难以制服的 | |
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85
exterior
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| adj.外部的，外在的；表面的 | |
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86
piers
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| n.水上平台( pier的名词复数 )；（常设有娱乐场所的）突堤；柱子；墙墩 | |
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87
esteemed
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| adj.受人尊敬的v.尊敬( esteem的过去式和过去分词 )；敬重；认为；以为 | |
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88
fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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89
joint
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| adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合 | |
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90
remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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91
busts
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| 半身雕塑像( bust的名词复数 )； 妇女的胸部； 胸围； 突击搜捕 | |
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92
durable
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| adj.持久的，耐久的 | |
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93
elegance
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| n.优雅；优美，雅致；精致，巧妙 | |
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94
recollected
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| adj.冷静的；镇定的；被回忆起的；沉思默想的v.记起，想起( recollect的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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95
rambles
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| （无目的地）漫游( ramble的第三人称单数 )； （喻）漫谈； 扯淡； 长篇大论 | |
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96
ramble
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| v.漫步，漫谈，漫游；n.漫步，闲谈，蔓延 | |
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97
specimens
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| n.样品( specimen的名词复数 )；范例；（化验的）抽样；某种类型的人 | |
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98
pelican
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| n.鹈鹕，伽蓝鸟 | |
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99
retracing
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| v.折回( retrace的现在分词 )；回忆；回顾；追溯 | |
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100
pedestrians
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| n.步行者( pedestrian的名词复数 ) | |
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101
tints
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| 色彩( tint的名词复数 )； 带白的颜色； （淡色）染发剂； 痕迹 | |
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102
deviated
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| v.偏离，越轨( deviate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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103
legitimate
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| adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法 | |
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104
exquisite
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| adj.精美的；敏锐的；剧烈的，感觉强烈的 | |
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105
promenade
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| n./v.散步 | |
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106
ingenuity
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| n.别出心裁；善于发明创造 | |
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107
picturesque
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| adj.美丽如画的，（语言）生动的，绘声绘色的 | |
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108
animation
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| n.活泼，兴奋，卡通片／动画片的制作 | |
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109
automaton
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| n.自动机器，机器人 | |
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110
machinery
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| n.(总称)机械，机器；机构 | |
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111
mechanism
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| n.机械装置；机构，结构 | |
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112
condescended
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| 屈尊，俯就( condescend的过去式和过去分词 )； 故意表示和蔼可亲 | |
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113
approbation
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| n.称赞；认可 | |
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114
superseding
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| 取代，接替( supersede的现在分词 ) | |
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115
ancestry
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| n.祖先，家世 | |
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116
recurrence
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| n.复发，反复，重现 | |
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117
elicited
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| 引出，探出( elicit的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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118
dames
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| n.（在英国）夫人（一种封号），夫人（爵士妻子的称号）( dame的名词复数 )；女人 | |
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119
antiquity
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| n.古老；高龄；古物，古迹 | |
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120
asperity
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| n.粗鲁，艰苦 | |
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121
alluded
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| 提及，暗指( allude的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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122
savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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123
vice
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| n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的 | |
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124
preposterous
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| adj.荒谬的，可笑的 | |
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125
naught
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| n.无，零 [=nought] | |
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126
minor
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| adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修 | |
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127
antediluvian
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| adj.史前的，陈旧的 | |
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128
eastward
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| adv.向东；adj.向东的；n.东方，东部 | |
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129
juveniles
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| n.青少年( juvenile的名词复数 )；扮演少年角色的演员；未成年人 | |
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130
perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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131
caption
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| n.说明，字幕，标题；v.加上标题，加上说明 | |
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132
entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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133
favourable
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| adj.赞成的，称赞的，有利的，良好的，顺利的 | |
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134
licentiousness
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| n.放肆，无法无天 | |
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135
circumscribing
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| v.在…周围划线( circumscribe的现在分词 )；划定…范围；限制；限定 | |
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136
solitude
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| n. 孤独; 独居,荒僻之地,幽静的地方 | |
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137
banished
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| v.放逐，驱逐( banish的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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138
aviary
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| n.大鸟笼，鸟舍 | |
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139
loyalty
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| n.忠诚，忠心 | |
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140
attachment
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| n.附属物，附件；依恋；依附 | |
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141
remonstrating
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| v.抗议( remonstrate的现在分词 )；告诫 | |
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142
apprehension
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| n.理解，领悟；逮捕，拘捕；忧虑 | |
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143
seasoning
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| n.调味；调味料；增添趣味之物 | |
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144
epithets
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| n.（表示性质、特征等的）词语( epithet的名词复数 ) | |
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145
rascal
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| n.流氓；不诚实的人 | |
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146
prosecuted
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| a.被起诉的 | |
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147
pagoda
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| n.宝塔（尤指印度和远东的多层宝塔），（印度教或佛教的）塔式庙宇 | |
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148
absurdity
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| n.荒谬，愚蠢；谬论 | |
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149
inconvenient
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| adj.不方便的，令人感到麻烦的 | |
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150
heterogeneous
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| adj.庞杂的；异类的 | |
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151
ERECTED
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| adj. 直立的，竖立的，笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立，建立 | |
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152
dangling
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| 悬吊着( dangle的现在分词 )； 摆动不定； 用某事物诱惑…； 吊胃口 | |
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153
tiresome
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| adj.令人疲劳的，令人厌倦的 | |
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154
memento
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| n.纪念品，令人回忆的东西 | |
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155
prey
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| n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨 | |
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156
dilapidation
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| n.倒塌；毁坏 | |
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157
premature
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| adj.比预期时间早的；不成熟的，仓促的 | |
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158
edifices
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| n.大建筑物( edifice的名词复数 ) | |
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159
apparently
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| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
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160
humble
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| adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低 | |
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161
pretensions
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| 自称( pretension的名词复数 )； 自命不凡； 要求； 权力 | |
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162
applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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163
renovated
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| 翻新，修复，整修( renovate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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164
chamber
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| n.房间，寝室；会议厅；议院；会所 | |
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165
chambers
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| n.房间( chamber的名词复数 )；（议会的）议院；卧室；会议厅 | |
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166
previously
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| adv.以前，先前（地） | |
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167
remodelled
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| v.改变…的结构[形状]( remodel的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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168
privy
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| adj.私用的；隐密的 | |
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169
suite
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| n.一套(家具)；套房；随从人员 | |
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170
strictly
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| adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地 | |
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171
alteration
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| n.变更，改变；蚀变 | |
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172
vista
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| n.远景，深景，展望，回想 | |
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173
coved
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| v.小海湾( cove的过去分词 )；家伙 | |
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174
gilt
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| adj.镀金的；n.金边证券 | |
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175
spacious
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| adj.广阔的，宽敞的 | |
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176
imposing
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| adj.使人难忘的，壮丽的，堂皇的，雄伟的 | |
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177
carvings
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| n.雕刻( carving的名词复数 )；雕刻术；雕刻品；雕刻物 | |
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178
lustre
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| n.光亮，光泽；荣誉 | |
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179
Founder
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| n.创始者，缔造者 | |
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180
panorama
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| n.全景，全景画，全景摄影，全景照片[装置] | |
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181
privately
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| adv.以私人的身份，悄悄地，私下地 | |
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182
besought
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| v.恳求，乞求（某事物）( beseech的过去式和过去分词 )；(beseech的过去式与过去分词) | |
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183
avenge
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| v.为...复仇，为...报仇 | |
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184
alterations
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| n.改动( alteration的名词复数 )；更改；变化；改变 | |
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185
softened
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| （使）变软( soften的过去式和过去分词 )； 缓解打击； 缓和； 安慰 | |
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186
etiquette
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| n.礼仪，礼节；规矩 | |
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187
obeisance
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| n.鞠躬，敬礼 | |
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188
anticipation
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| n.预期，预料，期望 | |
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189
requisite
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| adj.需要的，必不可少的；n.必需品 | |
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190
leisurely
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| adj.悠闲的；从容的，慢慢的 | |
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191
equanimity
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| n.沉着，镇定 | |
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192
insolence
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| n.傲慢；无礼；厚颜；傲慢的态度 | |
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193
panoply
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| n.全副甲胄，礼服 | |
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194
arrogance
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| n.傲慢，自大 | |
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195
onward
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| adj.向前的，前进的；adv.向前，前进，在先 | |
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196
mischief
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| n.损害，伤害，危害；恶作剧，捣蛋，胡闹 | |
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197
brutes
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| 兽( brute的名词复数 )； 畜生； 残酷无情的人； 兽性 | |
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198
dread
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| vt.担忧，忧虑；惧怕，不敢；n.担忧，畏惧 | |
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199
stunning
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| adj.极好的；使人晕倒的 | |
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200
pane
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| n.窗格玻璃，长方块 | |
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201
severely
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| adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地 | |
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202
refreshment
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| n.恢复，精神爽快，提神之事物；（复数）refreshments:点心，茶点 | |
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203
invalid
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| n.病人，伤残人；adj.有病的，伤残的；无效的 | |
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204
laconic
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| adj.简洁的；精练的 | |
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205
colloquy
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| n.谈话，自由讨论 | |
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206
gratuitous
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| adj.无偿的，免费的；无缘无故的，不必要的 | |
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207
attired
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|
| adj.穿着整齐的v.使穿上衣服，使穿上盛装( attire的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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208
peruse
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| v.细读，精读 | |
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209
consequential
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| adj.作为结果的，间接的；重要的 | |
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210
pint
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| n.品脱 | |
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211
obsequious
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| adj.谄媚的，奉承的，顺从的 | |
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212
mimic
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| v.模仿，戏弄；n.模仿他人言行的人 | |
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213
lodgings
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| n. 出租的房舍, 寄宿舍 | |
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214
snip
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| n.便宜货，廉价货，剪，剪断 | |
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215
pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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216
edifying
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| adj.有教训意味的，教训性的，有益的v.开导，启发( edify的现在分词 ) | |
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217
veneration
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| n.尊敬，崇拜 | |
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218
deference
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| n.尊重，顺从；敬意 | |
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219
dissertation
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| n.（博士学位）论文，学术演讲，专题论文 | |
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220
confided
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| v.吐露（秘密，心事等）( confide的过去式和过去分词 )；（向某人）吐露（隐私、秘密等） | |
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221
discourse
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| n.论文，演说；谈话；话语；vi.讲述，著述 | |
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222
postponed
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| vt.& vi.延期，缓办，（使）延迟vt.把…放在次要地位；[语]把…放在后面（或句尾）vi.（疟疾等）延缓发作（或复发） | |
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223
superseded
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| [医]被代替的，废弃的 | |
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224
viands
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| n.食品，食物 | |
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225
exacting
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| adj.苛求的，要求严格的 | |
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226
conscientious
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| adj.审慎正直的，认真的，本着良心的 | |
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227
knight
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| n.骑士，武士；爵士 | |
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228
folly
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| n.愚笨，愚蠢，蠢事，蠢行，傻话 | |
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229
donor
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| n.捐献者；赠送人；(组织、器官等的)供体 | |
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230
mortification
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| n.耻辱，屈辱 | |
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231
reprehensible
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| adj.该受责备的 | |
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redress
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| n.赔偿，救济，矫正；v.纠正，匡正，革除 | |
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impartially
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| adv.公平地，无私地 | |
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justifiable
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| adj.有理由的，无可非议的 | |
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chuckled
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| 轻声地笑( chuckle的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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defiance
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| n.挑战，挑衅，蔑视，违抗 | |
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petulant
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| adj.性急的，暴躁的 | |
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enjoyment
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| n.乐趣；享有；享用 | |
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astounded
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| v.使震惊(astound的过去式和过去分词)；愕然；愕；惊讶 | |
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surmised
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| v.臆测，推断( surmise的过去式和过去分词 )；揣测；猜想 | |
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trifling
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| adj.微不足道的；没什么价值的 | |
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adept
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| adj.老练的，精通的 | |
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243
exonerate
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| v.免除责任，确定无罪 | |
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244
censure
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| v./n.责备；非难；责难 | |
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exempt
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| adj.免除的；v.使免除；n.免税者，被免除义务者 | |
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depredation
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| n.掠夺，蹂躏 | |
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contrived
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| adj.不自然的，做作的；虚构的 | |
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costly
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| adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的 | |
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strand
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| vt.使（船）搁浅，使（某人）困于（某地） | |
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affected
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| adj.不自然的，假装的 | |
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tenant
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| n.承租人；房客；佃户；v.租借，租用 | |
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252
deception
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| n.欺骗，欺诈；骗局，诡计 | |
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253
unanimity
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| n.全体一致，一致同意 | |
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migration
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| n.迁移，移居，（鸟类等的）迁徙 | |
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