She's scarcely known to father or relation.
No longer now in vesture neat and tight,
Because forsooth she's learn'd to be polite.
Why Bet, cries Pa, what's come to thee of late?
This school has turn'd thy brain as sure as fate.
What means these vulgar ways? I hate 'em wench,
You shan't, I tell thee, imitate the French;
Because great vokes adopt a foreign taste,
Mercy! great nokes shew all for nothing now adays.”
[362] The morning arose with smiles and sunshine, which appeared almost to invite our party earlier than they intended to the enjoyments7 of a plan which had occupied their attention on the previous evening, when Sparkle proposed a ride, which being consented to, the horses were prepared, and they were quickly on the road.
Passing through Somers Town, Sparkle remarked to his friend Dashall, that he could not help thinking that the manners and information of the rising generation ought to be greatly improved.
“And have you not had sufficient evidence of the fact?” was the reply.
“Why certainly,” continued Sparkle, “if the increase of public schools round the metropolis8 is in proportion to what has already met my eye during our present short ride, there is sufficient evidence that education is considered as it ought to be, of the first importance. Yet I question whether we are so much more learned than our ancestors, as to require such a vast increase of teachers. Nay9, is not the market overstocked with these heads of seminaries, similar to the republic of letters, which is overwhelmed with authors, and clogged10 with bookmakers and books.”
[363] “This remark,” replied Tom, “might almost as well be made upon every trade and profession which is followed; in the present day there are so many in each, that a livelihood11 can scarcely be obtained, and a universal grumbling12 is the consequence.”
“Well,” said Bob, “I can with safety say there are but two trades or callings that I have met with since my arrival in London, to which I have discovered no rivalship.”
This remark from Tallyho excited some surprise in the mind of his two friends, who were anxious to know to what he alluded14.
“I mean,” continued he, “the doll's bedstead seller, who is frequently to be heard in the street of London, bawling15 with a peculiarity16 of voice as singular as the article he has for sale,—'Buy my doll's bedsteads;'—and the other, a well known whistler, whom you must both have heard.”
“Egad you are right,” replied Sparkle; “and although I recollect17 them both, I must confess the observation now made has never so forcibly struck me before: it, however, proves you have not exhausted18 your time in town without paying attention to the characters it contains, nor the circumstances by which they obtain their livelihood; and although the introduction is not exactly in point with the subject of previous remarks, and ought not to cut the thread of our discourse19, it has some reference, and conveys to my mind a novel piece of information. But I was about to consider what can be the causes for this extraordinary host of ladies of all ages, classes and colours, from the Honourable20 Mistress———to the Misses Stubbs, who have their establishment for the education of young ladies in a superior style; and whether in consequence of this legion of fair labourers in learning and science, our countrywomen (for I am adverting21 particularly to the softer sex) are chaster, wiser, and better, than their mammas and grand-mammas.”
“A most interesting subject, truly,” replied Tom, “and well worthy22 of close investigation23. Now for my part I apprehend24 that the increase of tutors arises from many other causes than the more general diffusion25 of knowledge.”
[364] “There can be no doubt of it,” continued Sparkle, “and some of those causes are odd enough—very opposite to wisdom, and not more conducive26 to improvement; for amongst them you will find pride, poverty, and idleness.
“For instance, you may discover that the proud partner of a shopkeeper in the general line, or more plainly speaking, the proprietor27 of a chandler's shop, is ambitious of having her daughter accomplished28.
“E'en good Geoffrey Forge, a blacksmith by descent,
Who has his life 'midst bars and hammers spent,
Resolves his Bet shall learn to read and write,
And grace his table with a wit polite.
To make for father's sense a reparation—
The day arrives for fatal separation;
And goes to boarding-school—at Pimlico.”
“Well, the accomplishments30 sought are music, dancing, French, and ornamental31 work; instead of learning the Bible, being brought up to domestic utility, cooking, washing, plain work, and the arithmetic necessary for keeping the accounts of her father's shop. What is the consequence?—the change in her education quite unfits Miss for her station in life; makes her look down on her unlettered Pa—and Ma—as persons too ignorant for her to associate with; while she is looking up with anxious expectation to marry a man of fortune (probably an officer); and is not unfrequently taken unceremoniously without the consent of her parents on a visit to the church.''
“You are pushing the matter as close as you can, Charles,” said Dashall; “though I confess I think, nay I may say indeed I know some instances in which such fatal consequences have been the result of the conduct to which you allude13.”
“Well, then, suppose even that this superior style of education should not have the effect of turning the poor girl's head, and that she really has prudence32 and discretion33 enough to avoid the perils34 and snares35 of ambition; Miss Celestina is at least unfitted for a tradesman's wife, and she must either become a companion, or a governess, or a teacher at a school, or be set up as the Minerva of an evening school—half educated herself, and exposed in every situation for which she is conceived to be fitted, to numerous temptations, betwixt the teachers of waltzes and quadrilles—the one horse chaise dancing-masters—the lax-moraled foreign music-master—or the dashing Pa—of her young pupils (perhaps a Peer). Celibacy36 is not always so much an affair of choice as of circumstances, and sad difficulties are consequently thrown in the way of poor Miss So and So's path through life—all originating from pride.”
[365] “Well,” said Bob, “since you have been amusing us with this description, I have counted not less than eight seminaries, establishments, and preparatory schools.”
“I do not doubt it,” continued Sparkle; “and some of them on the meanest scale, notwithstanding the high sounding titles under which they are introduced to public notice: others presided over by sister spinsters, not unfrequently with Frenchified names; such, for instance, as 'Mesdames Puerdon's Seminary,' the lady's real name being Martha (or, if you please, Patty) Purton, and a deformed38 relative completing the Mesdames: the ?Misses de la Porte,' (whom nature had made simple Porter), and no great catch to obtain either: the 'Misses Cox's preparatory school for young gentlemen of an early age,' all seem to bespeak39 the poverty, false pride, and affectation of the owners. Notwithstanding the fine denominations40 given to some of these learned institutions, such as 'Bellevue Seminary'—'Montpeliere House'—'Bel Retiro Boarding School,' &c. &c.
“To such artifices41 as these are two classes of females compelled to resort, namely, reduced gentlewomen and exalted42 tradesmen's daughters, who disdain43 commerce, and hate the homely44 station which dame37 nature had originally intended them to move in. Such ladies (either by birth or adoption) prefer the twig45 to the distaff, the study to the shop, and experience more pleasure in walking out airing with their pupils, taking their station in the front, frequently gaudily46 and indiscreetly dressed, than to be confined to the counter, or the domestic occupations of the good old English housewife of former times.
“Such ladies are frequently to be met with on all the Greens and Commons, from dirty Stepney or Bethnal, to the more sumptuous47 Clapham or Willisdon. Some of them are so occupied with self, that the random-shot glances of their pupils at the exquisites48 and the dandy militaires about town, do not come within the range of their notice, while others are more vigilant49, but often heave a sigh at the thought that the gay and gallant50 Captain should prefer the ruddy daughter of a cheese-monger, to the reduced sprigs of gentility which they consider themselves.
[366] “At all events, many of these ladies,and worthy ones too, are placed, par6 force of poverty, in this avocation51, unsuited to their abilities, their hearts, their habits, or their former expectations. The government of their young flock is odious52 to them, and although they may go through the duties of their situation with apparent patience, it is in fact a drudgery53 almost insupportable; and the objects nearest the governess's heart—are the arrival of the vacation, the entrance-money, the quarter's schooling54, and a lengthy55 list of items: the arrival of Black Monday, or a cessation of holidays, brings depressed56 spirits, and she returns to her occupation, deploring57 her unlucky stars which placed her in so laborious58 a situation—envies her cousin Sarah, who has caught a minor59 in her net; nay even perhaps would be happy to exchange circumstances with the thoughtless Miss Skipwell, who has run away with her dancing-master, or ruined a young clergyman, of a serious turn, by addressing love-letters to him, copied from the most romantic novels, which have softened61 his heart into matrimony, and made genteel beggars of the reverend mistress, himself, and a numerous offspring.”
“Very agreeable, indeed,” cried Dashall.
“Perhaps not,” said Tallyho, interrupting him, “to the parties described.”
“You mistake me,” was the reply; “I meant the combination of air and exercise with the excellent descriptions of our friend Sparkle, who by the way has not yet done with the subject.”
“I am aware of it,” continued Sparkle, “for there is one part which I mentioned at the outset, which may with great propriety62 be added in the way of elucidation—I mean Idleness: it is the third, and shall for the present be the last subject of our consideration, and even this has contributed its fair proportion of teachers to the world. Miss Mel ta way, the daughter of a tallow-chandler, who ruined himself by dressing60 extravagantly64 his wife, and over educating his dear Caroline Matilda, in consequence of which he failed, and shortly afterwards left the world altogether,—was brought up in the straw line; but this was no solid trade, and could not be relied upon: however, she plays upon the harp66 and the guitar. What advantages! yet she also failed in the straw-hat line, and therefore Idleness prefers becoming an assistant teacher and music mistress, to taking to any more laborious, even though more productive mode of obtaining a livelihood.
[367] “Then Miss Nugent has a few hundred pounds, the remnant of Pa's gleanings (Pa having been the retired67 butler of a Pigeoned Peer.) A retail68 bookseller sought her hand in marriage, but she thought him quite a vulgar fellow. He had no taste for waltzing, at which she was considered to excel—he blamed her indulgence in such pleasures, and ventured to hint something about a pudding. Then again, he can't speak French, and dresses in dittoes. Now all this is really barbarous, and consequently Miss Nugent spurns69 the idea of such a connection.
“Let us trace her still further. In a short time she is addressed by a Captain Kirkpatrick Tyrconnel, who makes his approaches with a splendid equipage. The romantic sound of the former, and the glare of the latter, attract her attention. The title of Captain, however, is merely a nom de guerre, for he is only an ensign on half-pay. Miss is delighted with his attentions: he is a charming fellow, highly accomplished, for he sings duets, waltzes admirably, plays the German flute70, and interlards his conversation with scraps71 of French and Spanish. Altogether he is truly irresistible72, and she is willing to lay her person and her few hundreds at the feet of the conquerer. The day is appointed, and every preparation made for the nuptial73 ceremony; when ah! who can foresee,
“The various turns of fate below.”
An athletic74 Hibernian wife, formerly75 the widow of Dennis O'Drumball, steps in between the young lady and the hymeneal altar, and claims the Captain as her husband—she being the landlady76 of a country ale-house where he had been quartered, whom he had married by way of discharging his bill. The interposition is fortunate, because it saves the Captain from an involuntary trip to Botany Bay, and Miss from an alliance of a bigamical kind; though it has at the same time proved a severe disappointment to the young lady.
“Crossed in love—wounded in the most tender part—she forswears the hymeneal tie; and under such unfortunate circumstances she opens a Seminary, to which she devotes the remainder of her life.”
[368] “Pray,” said Bob, whose eyes were as open as his ears, “did you notice that shining black board, with preposterous77 large gold letters, announcing 'Miss Smallgood's establishment for Young Ladies,' and close alongside of it another, informing the passenger,—' That man-traps were placed in the premises78.'”
“I did,” said Sparkle—“but I do not think that, though somewhat curious, the most remarkable79 or strange association. Young ladies educated on an improved plan, and man-traps advertised in order to create terror and dismay! For connected with this method of announcing places of education, is a recollection of receptacles of another nature.”
“To what do you allude?” inquired Tallyho. “Why, in many instances, private mad-houses are disguised as boarding schools, under the designation of 'Establishment.' Many of these receptacles in the vicinity of the metropolis, are rendered subservient80 to the very worst of purposes, though originally intended for the safety of the individual, as well as the security of the public against the commission of acts, which are too frequently to be deplored81 as the effect of insanity82. Of all the houses of mourning, that to which poor unhappy mortals are sent under mental derangement83 is decidedly the most gloomy. The idea strikes the imagination with horror, which is considerably84 increased by a reflection on the numerous human victims that are incarcerated85 within their walls, the discipline they are subjected to, and the usual pecuniary86 success which attends the keepers of such establishments,—where the continuance of the patient is the chief source of interest, rather than the recovery. That they are useful in some cases cannot be denied, but there are many instances too well authenticated87 to be doubted, where persons desirous of getting rid of aged88 and infirm relatives, particularly if they manifested any little aberration89 of mind (as is common in advanced age), have consigned90 them to these receptacles, from which, through the supposed kindness of their friends, and the management of the proprietors91, they have never returned. If the parties ail65 nothing, they are soon driven to insanity by ill usage, association with unfortunates confined like themselves, vexation at the treatment, and absolute despair of escape; or if partially92 or slightly afflicted93, the lucid63 intervals94 are prevented, and the disorder95 by these means is increased and confirmed by coercion96, irritation97 of mind, and despair.”
[369] “This is a deplorable picture of the state of things, indeed,” said Tallyho.
“But it is unvarnished,” was the reply; “the picture requires no imaginary embellishment, since it has its foundation in truth. Then again, contrast the situation of the confined with the confinera. The relatives have an interest in the care of the person, and a control over the property, which in cases of death frequently becomes their own. The keepers of these receptacles have also an interest in keeping the relatives in a disposition98 to forward all their views of retaining the patient, who, under the representation of being seriously deranged99, is not believed; consequently all is delusion100, but the advantages which ultimately fall to the tender-hearted relative, or the more artful proprietor of the mad-house; and it is wonderful what immense fortunes are made by the latter; nay not only by the proprietors, but even the menials in their employ, many of whom have been known to retire independent, a circumstance which clearly proves, that by some means or other they must have possessed101 themselves of the care of the property, as well as that of the persons of their unfortunate victims.”
“This is a dull subject,” said Dashall, “though I confess that some exposures which have been made fully102 justify103 your observations; but I am not fond of looking at such gloomy pictures of Real Life.”
“True,” replied Sparkle; “but it connects itself with the object you have had in view; and though I know there are many who possess souls of sensibility, and who would shrink from the contemplation of so much suffering humanity, it is still desirable they should know the effects produced almost by inconceivable causes. I know people in general avoid the contemplation, as well as fly from the abodes104 of misery105, contenting themselves by sending pecuniary assistance. But unfortunately there are a number of things that wear a similarity of appearance, yet are so unlike in essence and reality, that they are frequently mistaken by the credulous106 and unwary, who become dupes, merely because they are not eye witnesses of the facts. But if the subject is dull, let us push forward, take a gallop107 over Hampstead Heath, and return.”
[370] “With all my heart,” cried Dashall, giving a spur to his horse, and away they went.
The day was delightfully108 fine; the appearance of the country banished109 all gloomy thoughts from their minds; and after a most agreeable ride, they returned to Piccadilly, where finding dinner ready, they spent the remainder of the evening in the utmost hilarity110, and the mutual111 interchange of amusing and interesting conversation, principally relative to Sparkle's friends in the country, and their arrangements for the remainder of their time during their stay in the metropolis.
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1
bosom
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| n.胸，胸部；胸怀；内心；adj.亲密的 | |
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tout
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| v.推销，招徕；兜售；吹捧，劝诱 | |
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ensemble
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| n.合奏(唱)组；全套服装；整体，总效果 | |
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4
bosoms
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| 胸部( bosom的名词复数 )； 胸怀； 女衣胸部（或胸襟）； 和爱护自己的人在一起的情形 | |
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5
loathe
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| v.厌恶，嫌恶 | |
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6
par
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| n.标准，票面价值，平均数量；adj.票面的，平常的，标准的 | |
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7
enjoyments
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| 愉快( enjoyment的名词复数 )； 令人愉快的事物； 享有； 享受 | |
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8
metropolis
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| n.首府；大城市 | |
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9
nay
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| adv.不；n.反对票，投反对票者 | |
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10
clogged
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| （使）阻碍( clog的过去式和过去分词 )； 淤滞 | |
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11
livelihood
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| n.生计，谋生之道 | |
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12
grumbling
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| adj. 喃喃鸣不平的, 出怨言的 | |
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13
allude
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| v.提及，暗指 | |
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alluded
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| 提及，暗指( allude的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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15
bawling
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| v.大叫，大喊( bawl的现在分词 )；放声大哭；大声叫出；叫卖（货物） | |
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16
peculiarity
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| n.独特性，特色；特殊的东西；怪癖 | |
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17
recollect
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| v.回忆，想起，记起，忆起，记得 | |
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18
exhausted
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| adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的 | |
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19
discourse
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| n.论文，演说；谈话；话语；vi.讲述，著述 | |
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20
honourable
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| adj.可敬的；荣誉的，光荣的 | |
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21
adverting
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| 引起注意（advert的现在分词形式） | |
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22
worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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23
investigation
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| n.调查，调查研究 | |
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apprehend
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| vt.理解，领悟，逮捕，拘捕，忧虑 | |
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diffusion
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| n.流布；普及；散漫 | |
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conducive
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| adj.有益的，有助的 | |
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proprietor
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| n.所有人；业主；经营者 | |
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accomplished
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| adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的 | |
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woe
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| n.悲哀，苦痛，不幸，困难；int.用来表达悲伤或惊慌 | |
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accomplishments
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| n.造诣；完成( accomplishment的名词复数 )；技能；成绩；成就 | |
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ornamental
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| adj.装饰的；作装饰用的；n.装饰品；观赏植物 | |
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prudence
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| n.谨慎，精明，节俭 | |
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discretion
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| n.谨慎；随意处理 | |
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perils
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| 极大危险( peril的名词复数 )； 危险的事（或环境） | |
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snares
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| n.陷阱( snare的名词复数 )；圈套；诱人遭受失败（丢脸、损失等）的东西；诱惑物v.用罗网捕捉，诱陷，陷害( snare的第三人称单数 ) | |
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celibacy
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| n.独身(主义) | |
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dame
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| n.女士 | |
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deformed
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| adj.畸形的；变形的；丑的，破相了的 | |
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bespeak
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| v.预定；预先请求 | |
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denominations
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| n.宗派( denomination的名词复数 )；教派；面额；名称 | |
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artifices
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| n.灵巧( artifice的名词复数 )；诡计；巧妙办法；虚伪行为 | |
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42
exalted
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| adj.(地位等)高的，崇高的；尊贵的，高尚的 | |
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43
disdain
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| n.鄙视，轻视；v.轻视，鄙视，不屑 | |
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44
homely
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| adj.家常的，简朴的；不漂亮的 | |
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45
twig
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| n.小树枝，嫩枝；v.理解 | |
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46
gaudily
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| adv.俗丽地 | |
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47
sumptuous
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| adj.豪华的，奢侈的，华丽的 | |
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48
exquisites
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| n.精致的( exquisite的名词复数 )；敏感的；剧烈的；强烈的 | |
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49
vigilant
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| adj.警觉的，警戒的，警惕的 | |
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50
gallant
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| adj.英勇的，豪侠的；(向女人)献殷勤的 | |
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51
avocation
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| n.副业，业余爱好 | |
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52
odious
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| adj.可憎的，讨厌的 | |
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53
drudgery
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| n.苦工，重活，单调乏味的工作 | |
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54
schooling
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| n.教育；正规学校教育 | |
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55
lengthy
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| adj.漫长的，冗长的 | |
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56
depressed
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| adj.沮丧的，抑郁的，不景气的，萧条的 | |
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57
deploring
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| v.悲叹，痛惜，强烈反对( deplore的现在分词 ) | |
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laborious
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| adj.吃力的，努力的，不流畅 | |
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59
minor
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| adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修 | |
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60
dressing
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| n.(食物)调料；包扎伤口的用品，敷料 | |
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61
softened
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| （使）变软( soften的过去式和过去分词 )； 缓解打击； 缓和； 安慰 | |
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62
propriety
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| n.正当行为；正当；适当 | |
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lucid
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| adj.明白易懂的，清晰的，头脑清楚的 | |
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extravagantly
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| adv.挥霍无度地 | |
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ail
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| v.生病，折磨，苦恼 | |
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harp
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| n.竖琴；天琴座 | |
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retired
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| adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的 | |
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retail
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| v./n.零售；adv.以零售价格 | |
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spurns
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| v.一脚踢开，拒绝接受( spurn的第三人称单数 ) | |
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flute
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| n.长笛；v.吹笛 | |
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scraps
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| 油渣 | |
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irresistible
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| adj.非常诱人的，无法拒绝的，无法抗拒的 | |
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nuptial
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| adj.婚姻的，婚礼的 | |
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athletic
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| adj.擅长运动的，强健的；活跃的，体格健壮的 | |
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formerly
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| adv.从前，以前 | |
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landlady
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| n.女房东，女地主 | |
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preposterous
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| adj.荒谬的，可笑的 | |
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premises
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| n.建筑物，房屋 | |
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remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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subservient
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| adj.卑屈的，阿谀的 | |
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deplored
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| v.悲叹，痛惜，强烈反对( deplore的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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insanity
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| n.疯狂，精神错乱；极端的愚蠢，荒唐 | |
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derangement
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| n.精神错乱 | |
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considerably
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| adv.极大地；相当大地；在很大程度上 | |
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incarcerated
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| 钳闭的 | |
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pecuniary
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| adj.金钱的；金钱上的 | |
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authenticated
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| v.证明是真实的、可靠的或有效的( authenticate的过去式和过去分词 )；鉴定，使生效 | |
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aged
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| adj.年老的，陈年的 | |
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aberration
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| n.离开正路，脱离常规，色差 | |
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consigned
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| v.把…置于（令人不快的境地）( consign的过去式和过去分词 )；把…托付给；把…托人代售；丟弃 | |
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proprietors
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| n.所有人，业主( proprietor的名词复数 ) | |
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partially
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| adv.部分地，从某些方面讲 | |
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afflicted
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| 使受痛苦，折磨( afflict的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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intervals
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| n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 )；间隔时间；[数学]区间；（戏剧、电影或音乐会的）幕间休息 | |
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disorder
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| n.紊乱，混乱；骚动，骚乱；疾病，失调 | |
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coercion
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| n.强制，高压统治 | |
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irritation
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| n.激怒，恼怒，生气 | |
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disposition
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| n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署 | |
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deranged
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| adj.疯狂的 | |
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delusion
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| n.谬见，欺骗，幻觉，迷惑 | |
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possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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justify
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| vt.证明…正当(或有理)，为…辩护 | |
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abodes
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| 住所( abode的名词复数 )； 公寓； （在某地的）暂住； 逗留 | |
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misery
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| n.痛苦，苦恼，苦难；悲惨的境遇，贫苦 | |
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credulous
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| adj.轻信的，易信的 | |
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gallop
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| v./n.(马或骑马等)飞奔；飞速发展 | |
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delightfully
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| 大喜，欣然 | |
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banished
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| v.放逐，驱逐( banish的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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hilarity
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| n.欢乐；热闹 | |
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mutual
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| adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的 | |
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