Probably none of her public work gave Miss Buss more unqualified satisfaction than the Head-mistresses’ Association, of which the first germ seems to be contained in a passage from one of her Journal-letters of September, 1874, written from Bonaly Tower, Edinburgh—
“Miss Beale of Cheltenham called on me the day I was in London.... She and I think we must form an Association of Head-mistresses, and hold conferences occasionally, in order to know what we ought to assert and what surrender.
“Dr. Hodgson showed me, in the ‘Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table,’ a passage about the ‘membre à question,’ and the ‘membre à by-laws;’ the latter is called ‘un Empereur manqué,’ and is the member who awes2 the rest of a committee by his rigid3 adherence4 to by-laws.
“Just think of men discussing for hours the arrangements of girls’ boarding-houses—how the beds should stand, etc.!”
All who have been behind the scenes in the development of public schools for girls can read in between the lines here the various stages by which the Association of Head-mistresses came into being.
The question of the management of these new schools was naturally one of supreme5 interest to the 232women who had made such schools possible. When Miss Davies was asked by Lord Taunton, during her examination by the Commission, to mention any point of importance in connection with the education of women, she fixed6 on the point of the presence of women on the councils of girls’ schools, on equal terms with men, and not on any separate ladies’ committee. She was warmly supported by Miss Beale and Miss Buss in this view that, for the management of girls, women were essential. Miss Buss, in a letter written some time afterwards, but before the change in her own schools, sums up the whole question concisely—
“If your plans lead you to prefer a committee to a board of trustees, I advise you not to allow two committees—one of gentlemen for money matters, and one of ladies for internal arrangements. Two committees always clash, sooner or later. The mistress disagrees with the ladies’ committee, the gentlemen interfere7, and the usual result is that the ladies resign in a body. I do not think any better plan can be devised than a single council of men and women, with certain well-defined duties to perform, but with no power of continual and daily interference with the mistress. In this opinion I am unbiassed by personal feeling, because, as this school is my own property, I have never had to work with a committee. But I hear on all sides of the difficulties which arise, and which are, apparently9, to be prevented only by the plan I have suggested.”
Mrs. Grey, when examined on March 25, 1873, before the “Endowed Schools Committee,” gave her opinion in favour of women on the governing body of every school, on the ground that a ladies’ committee “was powerful only to object and interfere, but powerless to carry into effect any of their suggestions, however valuable these might be.”
It is evident that what is wanted is a consultative body—a sort of Privy11 Council—to advise and help in matters external, and in cases of special difficulty; 233whilst, in the internal affairs of the school, the head must be held responsible. It would follow that, to make a council really useful, there must be some principle of selection to secure the right persons, so that it should not be said in the future, as has been so often possible to say in the past, that “head-masters and mistresses are chosen with care, their degrees, experience, etc., all sifted12, and then they are set to work under a governing body chosen haphazard13, or anyhow!”
Most of the great schools owed their prosperity to the skill and character of some one man or woman, and, even after they had attained14 success, were still dependent on their head, who, instead of being allowed free play, was checked and thwarted15 by this haphazard council—the “expert” being under the control of the mere16 “amateur.”
In such cases, the “managing committee” is clearly not what is wanted. Here are weighty words from a head-mistress, who must take highest rank among the “experts”—
“No one knows how much of one’s health and energy is lost to the school by the anxieties of getting those who do not understand the complicated machinery17 not to interfere with things with which the head alone ought to deal.
“Governors have no idea of the worries head-mistresses have, when hysterical18 girls invent absurd stories; when parents and doctors attribute every illness, real or imaginary, to lessons; when teachers get wrong, or when they suddenly disappear, take head-mistress-ships elsewhere, and draw away their friends and pupils.
“Then, again, the governing body will blame for the inevitable19, or a head will deal with ninety-nine intricate cases, and in the hundredth will make a mistake; they naturally know nothing of the former, but of the latter they hear, only to condemn20.”
This is one very important side. The head clearly has very definite rights. But, there is also the other side, and the members of the council have also their 234rights. Even the “mere amateur” is not without rights, as a person who, in combining special interest in education, with wider and more varied21 experience than can be enjoyed by the professional educator, is therefore of use on the council in his power of seeing things from the outside, and thus bringing to bear on them a judgment22 not warped23 by mere professional bias8. Even on the most haphazard council, the persons elected are at least supposed to have some power of help. These “amateurs” are consequently persons who are more used to lead than to follow, to take the active rather than the passive attitude, and to whom mere acquiescence24 is as uncongenial as it is unaccustomed. It is therefore easy to imagine such a council growing restive26, even under the most competent leading, and asking, “Is it really our whole duty to sit here simply to register the decrees of the head-mistress?”
To strike the happy mean between tyranny and subjection is the duty alike of the governing body and of head-master or mistress. The governing body must not rule; nor, on the other hand, must its members be too passive, or acquiesce25 when they ought to oppose. If they are bound to follow competent leading, they are no less bound to dismiss the incompetent27. The captain of a ship gives place to a duly accredited28 pilot, but he is none the less bound to judge whether the ship is making for the straight course or not. To give up his command into unskilful hands is, on the one side, as foolish as it would be to tie the pilot to the mast, and let the ship go down, whilst the crew dispute for the right to steer29.
It is evident that, with the best intentions on both sides, great tact30 and forbearance are needed to prevent occasional friction31. And we need not wonder that, as a matter of fact, there was on most governing 235bodies in those early days a considerable amount of friction.
Of this Miss Buss had, in her own experience, comparatively little; but what she had, arose entirely32 from this very point. She had arranged, when she gave up her private school, that it should be in the hands of a body of trustees, who would hold it for the public good, but who were not intended to interfere with her own development of the work which she had herself begun and carried on to success.
As the founder33 of the school, and as a life-member of a board on which the other members were elected for short periods, her position was unique. To this, also, must be added the fact that, for the first two years, the new schools were carried on by means of her own liberal donations and those of her personal friends. It was not to be expected that she could hold the same relation to her governing body as the ordinary head-mistress, who is appointed by them, and over whom they have the right of dismissal.
It was perhaps a little unfortunate that at the time of special difficulty, the chairmanship seemed to have become permanent in the appointment of a chairman, who, however fitted for the post, was yet only imperfectly acquainted with the early history of the school, and, therefore, not unnaturally34 gave undue35 weight to the help given by the Board, regarding the new scheme rather as an entirely fresh departure, than as what it actually was, merely the expansion of an existing organization, and still dependent on the skill to which it owed its rise. He had been accustomed to long-established foundations, where everything went by rule, and to committees where the word of the chairman was law. Miss Buss was used to supreme power over her own school, and she was, like most women of that 236day, unused to business routine. This was, moreover, one of the very first governing bodies on which women were elected on equal terms with men. Such an arrangement was too new as yet to go without hitch36. It would follow, quite naturally, that men, out of mere force of habit, as well as in real kindness of heart, should adopt a paternal37 and authoritative38 attitude towards all women, even to those most competent to stand alone.
Miss Buss was by nature one of the least self-assertive of women. She had always been helped by some strong man, and had accepted all help with gratitude39. First Mr. Laing, and then Dr. Hodgson (with her father and brothers, as a matter of course), had been recognized as friends and helpers.
But, at the same time, one of the most definite aims of her life had been to raise the status of the head-mistress to the same level as that of the head-master. For the sake of all teachers—not for her own sake—she deprecated the secondary place given to women who were doing the same work as men. She also thought the internal management of her school should be left to her, as it would have been to a head-master in her place, and for this she stood firm, even when, as a matter of mere feeling, she might have given way, for she was really one of the old-fashioned women who would personally endure anything for the sake of peace.
It is more than probable that she felt some things too strongly, and that she misunderstood others. In those days, most women suffered quite needlessly from sheer ignorance of business routine. They lacked the training and discipline which carry men unscathed through the roughness of public life. Two men meeting on a committee may oppose each other tooth and nail, 237but these men may afterwards go home and dine comfortably together, bearing no traces of the fray40. At that date, two women, after a similar encounter, would have gone their separate ways, to weep over a solitary41 cup of tea, and when next they met would pass each other with the cut direct.
To a woman like Miss Buss, nothing of this sort would have been possible, for even if she had not had too much common sense, she had that most uncommon42 power of forgiveness which led to the saying, “If you really want to know how kind Miss Buss is you must do her some injury!”
Nevertheless, however evanescent her feeling might be, she did for the time feel her worries very intensely. It chanced that, as my way lay beyond Myra Lodge43, I usually drove her home from the meetings, and she then relieved her pent-up feelings by rapid discussion of any vexed44 question from her own point of view. By the time our drive ended, she was, as a rule, quite ready for her ordinary meal, and we parted more often than not with a jest, for this process was merely a question of “blowing off the steam,” and I served as safety-valve. It was entirely a matter of temperament45. Whilst some temperaments46 fail to perceive the existence of a grievance47 until it is formulated48 in words, others can throw off in words all the bitterness of even the worst grievances50. Miss Buss belonged to the latter class, and, as I understood this thoroughly51, I could forget her words as soon as spoken. Where such hasty utterances52 were taken seriously by persons of the opposite temperament, she was at times seriously misunderstood.
During the nine years of suspense54 between the changes of 1870 and the opening of the new buildings in 1879 there was much to try the most perfect patience. 238Here is a little note showing the kind of thing that used at first to cause a protest—
“My very dear little Annie,
“I feel a little ashamed of my impatience55 to-day, but am happy to find that Miss Elford was in the same frame of mind. Lady X. talked quite wildly about this and that, and what ought or ought not to be. These ladies have not an idea beyond the parish school, where the lady of the manor56 is supreme, and dictates57 to the children what they shall wear, and what they shall not, how to do their hair, etc., etc. If it were not so pitiable in its ignorance I could find it in my heart to cry, or to run away and leave the board to manage its schools.
“Arnie.”
This was probably one of many instances in which Miss Buss suffered from an imperfect knowledge on the part of the public. Endowments for girls’ schools were still so novel that the demand for money for the Camden School was, in some absurd way, associated with the Founder, as if she were herself a recipient59, instead of being, as she was, one of the most generous of donors60, giving herself and her means for the public good.
For example of the sort of trial involved in working with a committee to one so used as Miss Buss had been to direct, rapid and free action, we may take an experience in 1872, when the governing body, intent only on saving her trouble in the temporary absence of the Rev10. A. J. Buss (Clerk to the Board), appointed a special Prize Day Committee. It had been decided61 that, to bring the work more clearly before the public, the Princess Louise should be asked to give the prizes in the Albert Hall. We give Miss Buss’ report from her Journal-letters—
239“June 22.
“I went yesterday to the Albert Hall and heard that it was let for the 19th.
“The secretary was very polite, however, and, finding he had to do with a princess, got the date altered to suit us. The fees will cost ￡30. The secretary says we ought to distribute bills through the exhibition, besides advertising62, and let people in who choose to pay for entrance. This will require consideration on Monday.
“Mr. Roby will speak, and I mean to ask him to say what Miss Davies has done for education. On Saturday there is a conference of teachers in the rooms of the Society of Arts. We shall see plenty of people there, and can ask some one to speak. Dr. Lyon Playfair is to take the chair.
“For the day itself we must invite thousands. Every member of Parliament, every member of a city company, every clergyman and Nonconformist of note. Invite all the press, all known educationalists, etc., etc.
“Let us hope we shall have our own hall by next year, and then we shall not need to go away from home.”
“July 2.
“Mr. Forster can’t take the chair. Lord Derby declines, and now, at 2 p.m., comes a note to say the Princess Louise will not be able to attend!
“Dr. Storrar goes to-morrow morning to see Mr. Holzmann, and consult with him. We hope to get access to Princess Mary.
“If not where are we? Curiously63 enough, this sort of thing does not worry me—at least, not much.... Nothing but the necessity of working with other people would have made me allow the matter to be so delayed. June is our month, and always has been. However, I am quite cool about matters. The inevitable must be endured.”
“Myra Lodge, July 11, 8 a.m.
“The chairman sends Col. Airey’s note to say Princess Mary declines. I shall go at once to consult Mr. Elliott.”
“202, Camden Road, July 11, 11 a.m.
“Mr. Elliott is going to try the Duke of Edinburgh. I am to get rid of the Albert Hall, however, co?te que co?te.
“Everything is at a standstill. Never in my working life has there been such a complete fiasco.”
240“July 13.
“I must write later to answer your notes fully64, but, at 8 o’clock this morning, I went to our vicar, Mr. Cutts, for a note to the bishop65’s chaplain, whom I do not know. I then went to Mr. Elliott; returned to breakfast, and then dashed out with the fixed determination not to return until the Prize Day arrangements had been made.
“I drove in the storm to St. James’ Square (London House), Bishop not there, but at Fulham; drove to Fulham, sent in my note to the chaplain, who saw me at once, and asked me to go to the bishop. I said I wanted to ask a question, and would not disturb him if possible. So Mr. Gamier took in my message, ‘Would the bishop preside for even half an hour at our meeting—on any hour and any day in the next fortnight.’
“The bishop positively66 had not one hour available. He went through his list, but he would give me Monday, the 29th, at 3 o’clock. Of course I accepted, rushed away to St. James’ Hall—not to be had anyhow for two months—thence to Willis’ Rooms, which we can have.
“How much I regret allowing a committee to be formed! If Mr. Elliott, Mr. Danson, and I had been empowered to act, we should have had one of the Princesses. There would have been no delay by notes going first to the chairman and then having to be sent to me. If I had had the note of Princess Louise’s secretary at 8 a.m., by 10 I should have been at her house, and should certainly have got an introduction to Princess Mary. In this case, the memorial to the latter would have been in her hands by Saturday morning, instead of Tuesday! and would have been accompanied by a note from either Princess Louise or Lord Lorne.
“Don’t think me very egotistical, but don’t expect me to summon a committee for the Prize Day again.
“I shall quietly go my own way now, and do the things. That last committee took up two hours and twenty-five minutes of my time in the middle of the day, and for what? (I told you two hours, but made a mistake.)
“I forgot to say I went to the printer, ordered all the invitations, and expect them on Monday. But Willis’ Rooms, though handsome, are not large. With every card we will send out the slip about Princess Louise’s failure in her engagement.”
The meeting went off as well as these meetings always did. But next year the Princess Mary of Teck 241was secured without difficulty; as well as afterwards several other members of the Royal Family, including even the Prince and Princess of Wales.
It must have been at this period that an equally characteristic little story is told. Miss Buss, in the height of her vexation, sought comfort beside her sister and her boy. As she entered the room, she exclaimed, “This is what I have brought on myself, and for what?” with an impatient stamp of her foot. Baby Frank lifted his great eyes solemnly to his aunt, and, with a deliberate stamp of his baby foot, echoed, “And for vot?” on which, as she clasped him in her arms, all her indignation vanished in a shower of kisses.
But that she did not demand mere acquiescence from her friends is proved by many of her letters, one of which may be given, not only as showing her many-sidedness, but also as revealing the true humility67 which was the secret of her strength.
She had been long overstrained by anxiety and suspense, and had to some extent lost patience under the many demands on her. At one time, indeed, she even entertained serious thoughts of resigning her post unless things could be made easier for her by the assurance of greater freedom of action. On the occasion of this particular letter, the usual talk had failed, and I must have written that same evening still more strongly, urging either a more complete submission68 to the inevitable, or else some bold stroke for liberty. She thus responds—
“Late as it is, and in spite of a distressing69 headache, I must just write a few words to say how much I love and thank you for your note. The advice in it I will try to follow.
“Yet, dearest Annie, it tears me in pieces to have to be always asserting myself. But it seems to me to be impossible to go on without a certain amount of freedom of action.
242“Dearest Annie, I sobbed70 myself to sleep like a child, such a thing not having occurred for years. The Mystery of Pain!—if it were a clear duly to bear it, I would go through anything, but I cannot see the duty, and can feel the pain....
“You must take me as I am, dear Annie, with all my failings. If I am too impetuous, too energetic, too rash, these are all part of such virtues71 as I may possess, and, without the two first, the work that I have done would never have been done; and the last I do not think I am. Other feelings, of course, I have, unconscious and unknown to me. But take me as I am.
“I had a long and grave talk to Miss ——, who counsels fight, but not on any personal ground. She says, ‘Resign, if there is interference with the mistress’ liberty of action. That is a public question, and one of public interest.’
“She was so good and loving; she was so tender; and she is so wise and calm.
“She told me some of her own worries, and said that sometimes she quivered in every nerve at her own council meetings. People came in and asked for information, involving hours of work for no result; ignored all that had been done, and talked as if they alone had done everything and knew everything. She urged me to try and be impersonal73, so to speak; to remember that these and similar difficulties would always occur where there are several people. She said that women were always accused of being too personal, and harm was done by giving a handle to such an assertion.
“Dearest Annie! I must try to follow your advice, and think of the work and not of myself. Please help me! Be a true friend, and don’t fear saying even unpleasant things to me if you think them deserved. I shall not quarrel.
“Worried and annoyed as I have been, I have never in my whole life been cut by, or had a quarrel with, even the most absurd parent! But you know I am to give in my resignation, if a public question, such as payment of teachers, hours of work etc., is raised.”
There were few head-mistresses who in those early days escaped some such trouble. Referring to one very well-known instance, in 1874, Miss Buss remarks—
“I see they are still in a state of fight at Milton Mount; there seems to have been a great storm at the annual meeting. I am so 243sorry for Miss Hadland, who is one of the best and bravest women I know. I feel that she has fought for a principle, and not in mere self-assertion. It is hard discipline to be thwarted at every turn when she has only a single eye for the children’s best education for this life and the next. Any worries that I have had in the past sink into insignificance74 compared with Miss Hadland’s.”
The recurrence75 of such difficulties rendered it desirable that the head-mistresses should take counsel together, and try to secure some firm and settled line of action which might lead to the avoidance of misunderstandings between themselves and their governing bodies.
There was already in existence a very useful “School-Mistresses’ Association,” of which the head-mistresses were all members. But, as including assistant-mistresses, private governesses, and even the “mere amateur,” these meetings were better adapted for the discussion of general educational questions than for the special difficulties of one branch of the profession.
Miss Buss had been one of the most active members of the School-Mistresses’ Association, which had its origin in a suggestion made by Miss Davies, to which reference is made in a letter, dated December, 1865, from Miss Buss to Miss Davies—
“I think your proposal about the meetings admirable. The first meeting with men, Mr. Fitch, or some one, in the chair; the rest modelled on the Kensington Society.[12] But where you will get 244your papers from, is the question! There is so little leisure in a teacher’s life.
“I think it would be useful and pleasant to meet the Assistant-Commissioners, and hear some of their experience. Such a meeting might be annual, and the others quarterly. I mean a mixed meeting of men and women for the annual, because, after the Commission ceases to sit, I suppose the Assistant-Commissioners will disappear.”
12. The “Kensington Society,” to which reference is here made, is thus described by Miss Davies—
“The Kensington Society was not exactly an educational union, though it arose out of the agitation76 for the local examinations. I had, in working for that, made acquaintance, partly by correspondence, with a good many people of kindred interests. It seemed a pity that we should lose sight of each other when that particular bit of work was accomplished77; so a little society was formed to meet and read papers from time to time. Mrs. Manning, the step-mother of Miss Adelaide Manning, was president, and as the meetings were often held at her house in Kensington, we took that name. Miss Buss was a member, but did not take an active part. This society lived, I think, for about three years.”
The School-Mistresses’ Association was finally started in April, 1867, with Miss Davies as honorary secretary. Miss Buss became president in the second year.
In an early report, reference is made to a suggestion from Miss Clough, which led to the first action having for its object co-operation among teachers. It was ascertained78 that—
“While practically school-mistresses were singularly isolated79, some teachers having scarcely so much as a speaking acquaintance with any professional associate, such isolation80 was involuntary, and felt to be a great drawback to usefulness. It was agreed to meet together, at stated times, for the discussion of subjects specially81 interesting to teachers.”
A Library Committee, with Miss Gertrude King as secretary, undertook the formation of a Teachers’ Library, and of a Registry for Professors. With the exception of the attempt of the Governesses’ Benevolent82 Institution, this seems to have been the first effort made by any educational body towards duly qualified1 and certified83 teaching.
The meeting mentioned in Miss Buss’ letter was held, early in 1866, at the house of Miss Garrett (Mrs. Garrett-Anderson), and was attended by several of the Assistant-Commissioners, and by other persons interested in the new movements. Matters relating to the Schools Inquiry—still in progress—were discussed, as well as the question of education in general.
245A valuable series of papers on general educational points, by able writers, was issued by the association, and various technical questions were fully discussed; but the larger movements, such as the Local Examinations, and the proposed Woman’s College at Hitchin, occupy a very prominent place in the report which dwells on what is the true basis of any useful association—
“Apart from any tangible84 results, it has been felt that the recognition of a common bond—the kindling85 of zeal86 and courage, by the contact of congenial minds—the cheering consciousness of sympathy in working together for a great end, amply justify87 the existence of such an association.”
The School-Mistresses’ Association continued its work until the increase of the new Endowed Schools made a division of its members into three distinct classes, head-mistresses, assistant-mistresses, and private governesses. The two first formed themselves into distinct associations, while the third was absorbed by the Teachers’ Guild88, which also drew in the amateurs.
Having fostered and protected this threefold fruitage up to the period of ripening89, the parent association then fell apart, its work being done.
The Teachers’ Guild was originated by Miss Buss, at a meeting held on February 7, 1883, at the North London Collegiate School for Girls. On May 16 it was formally inaugurated at a meeting of the School-Mistresses’ Association, and it was then taken up warmly by the Head-mistresses’ Association.
Of the rise of the Assistant-mistresses’ Association, Miss E. P. Hughes writes, referring to the help given by Miss Buss—
“In 1884, at a little meeting in my room at Newnham, it was decided to start the Assistant-mistresses’ Association, the initiative being left to Mrs. Corrie Grant, Miss Eves, and myself. I wrote to Miss Buss and to several other leaders in education. Miss 246Buss’ answer was the first we received, and I distinctly remember the impression it produced. She sympathized keenly with the desire for union, seeing at once the possible danger of antagonism90 to other associations, but also seeing the way to avoid this danger. Without her sympathy and advice I do not think the association would have been started just then.”[13]
13. That Miss Buss’ interest did not relax is shown by the resolution passed by the Assistant-mistresses’ Association after the news of her death: “A great loss has fallen on the profession, a loss we should call irreparable did we not know that no devoted91 service dies, but lives and bears fruit in many wonderful and unexpected ways. A great worker has been called to her rest, and we who remain seem little as compared with her who is gone. As teachers we must all feel how much we have lost, while to some the loss is dearer and more personal.”
Miss Buss and Miss Beale may claim to have started the Head-mistresses’ Association, with the help of Miss H. M. Jones and a few others, who met at Myra Lodge in the Christmas vacation of 1873, to formulate49 its constitution.
In her memorial notice,[14] Miss Toplis tells us that the name of this new association was due to Miss Buss, as she says—
14. Educational Review, January, 1895.
“How many of those who now hold the honourable92 position and title of head-mistress know that they owe this title to her? She had succeeded in convincing the authorities that in the new schools which were to come into existence a woman could be the actual head, and that there was no need to put her and her school under a man as director (which was the only idea that occurred to them); and then arose this question, what should the lady be called?—superintendent, lady-principal, director? ‘A thought flashed into my mind,’ she used to say, ‘if head-master, why not head-mistress, as the exact equivalent?’ And, much to my surprise, the suggestion was immediately accepted.”
Miss Buss became president of the association, retaining the office till the end, when her place was taken by Miss Beale; the duties during the long illness being undertaken by Miss H. M. Jones, as deputy-president.
247Miss H. M. Jones, in a letter on Christmas Day, 1894, speaks for the whole body in her expression of sorrow—
“How many will feel to-day that they have lost a friend on whose judgment and advice they could always rely! Few women have exercised so great an influence on the educational movements of the present day, and still fewer have worked so hard as she has done to secure the greatest possible advantages to the girls of this and future generations. She will be greatly missed and greatly mourned.
“It is just twenty-one years ago that a few of us head-mistresses met during the Christmas holidays to establish the Association, of which she has since then been the honoured president, and in which she always took so great an interest. In fact, as you know, Miss Buss has been foremost as a leader in all our deliberations and in all our efforts.”
Miss Elsie Day, of the Grey Coat Hospital, Westminster, adds a very interesting fact in the history of the Association; as, after the expression of personal grief, she says—
“She was emphatically the mother of the head-mistresses. We looked to no one, as we did to her, for wise and loving help. For myself, I can only say I have loved her for twenty years.
“What I am anxious for is, that in any notice of her, when it would be suitable, it should be mentioned that it was at her request that, when the Head-mistresses’ Association met here, in 1885, there was a special celebration for the Association. She wrote in the sweetest and most modest way, asking me if I saw my way to it, and Canon Furse celebrated93 at my request. Such an early celebration has been held and much appreciated almost every year since.
“It is because I believe that I have had the credit of initiating94 this that I am desirous that it should be known that, although I made the arrangements, the thought was hers. We want to help the younger heads to realize her beautiful unwitting saintliness.”
Another friend among the head-mistresses, whom she often visited, tells how at night Miss Buss liked 248that they should kneel down, and together say the Veni Creator.[15]
15. This simplicity95 and devoutness96 are well shown in a letter to my father, in reply to a poem which he had sent her. He was for many years an invalid97, and Miss Buss kept him in constant remembrance in sending flowers or books. She knew that she was never forgotten in his prayers—
“Myra Lodge, December 4, 1883.
“Dear Mr. Ridley,
“It is very good of you to write to me, and I shall take great care of your letter. Miss Hickey’s poem is very beautiful and suggestive. In my intensely active life I do feel, at times especially, the need of spiritual uplifting. Early last week, before your letter came, I had felt this from joining a communion service in the house of a dear friend, whose only child, a grown-up son, was dangerously ill.
“I know very little of thought-transference, but I wonder whether in some wonderful and mysterious way this craving98 was made known to you.
“With my love and earnest thanks,
“Believe me, dear Mr. Ridley,
“Yours most truly,
“Frances M. Buss.”
Those who knew her best know best the force of the description given of her by her friend Miss Beale in her deeply appreciative99 sketch[16]—
16. Guardian, January 9, 1895.
“How full of prayer was her life only a few intimate friends know; one felt that for her the words were true, ‘They that wait on the Lord shall renew their strength;’ and one is glad to think that these words are in a higher sense true for her now—
‘I count that heaven itself is only work
To a surer issue,’
and that those who have entered into rest, yet rest not, but in their glorified100 life give utterance53 to that fuller vision of holiness which was once hidden by the clouds of earth.”
The prayerful attitude of spirit characteristic of all who live “as seeing things invisible” must tend to the graces of simplicity and humility. Nothing was more touching101 than to note these special graces in one so 249strong and so capable, so eager and impetuous, and dowered with a will that swept everything before it. Her own personal wants were of the simplest, and no one ever gave less trouble to those around her. From Mr. Latham, who, as secretary to the Endowed Schools’ Commission, saw most of her in her public life, comes a very striking testimony102 to this point in her character when, after acknowledging with full appreciation103 how she “has done the state good service,” he adds—
“The simplicity of her life and the tranquillity104 of her demeanour always seemed to me to mark her out in rather a special way among her comrades in the cause of the education of women and girls, of which she was a most distinguished105 pioneer.”
Amid the apparently endless multiplicity of her objects in life ran the one simple purpose of faithful service, and thus in all complexity106 there was still a complete order. Confusion is the result only of the clash of selfish aims with social duties. To the “heart at leisure from itself” life must always remain simple and harmonious107.
To this humility Miss Beale also bears witness, touching first on a point of special interest in connection with their professional work—
“The next thing that struck us was her generosity108, not only in money—though that was very great—but in personal service, in thoughtfulness of others. If there was any improvement she could suggest in organization, in methods of teaching, she made it her business, at no little expense of money and time, to distribute the information to others; never considering them as rivals, but as fellow-workers, in a common cause.
“Next to her charity, one was impressed by her humility. ‘Let each esteem109 other better than themselves,’ was the rule of her own life, while she always seemed to look for excellences110, rather than failings, and to seek to develop, in all, the right emulation111, ‘If there be any virtue72, any praise, think of these things.’”
250One of our greatest teachers tells us that “the test of a truly great man is his humility,” and certainly to the small, self-centred soul no grace is more difficult of attainment112.
This humility was very striking in its contrast with the strength and power of this strong woman. In things large or small it was the same; she was the first to admit, either to teachers or pupils, any error of judgment, or any small seeming inconsiderateness, so easy in her terribly overcrowded life. Of this, one of the staff says aptly—
“She had also the power, so often wanting in a strong leader, of acknowledging a mistake. I shall never forget the impression made on me on receiving a note from her, apologizing for what I might perhaps characterize as a failure in courtesy. That was several years ago, but even then she was able to plead the pressure on her nerves of the work whose magnitude none of us can ever know.”
And one of the party of a Roman holiday relates, with moist eyes, how, one day when she had retired113 to her room, up a long flight of stairs, she heard a knock at the door, and there found Miss Buss, who had followed her all the way up just to say, “I am afraid, my dear, that I passed you without saying good morning; but I was thinking of something else at the moment, and only remembered it afterwards!”
In speaking of “our dear friend and helper, Miss Buss,” Miss Cooper, of Edgbaston, takes up the lesson of the life just closed, as she says—
“The whole of the educational world will grieve, and will feel the void caused by her death. But the full realization114 of the loss can only be felt by those who were drawn115 into the more intimate personal and professional relations in which Miss Buss showed her great and generous spirit in the best aspect.
“It is of the greatest help to remember the brave and loving spirit just gone from us, and to recall not only her words of hope 251and cheer to us, but also her encouragement to take up her work when it had perforce to be given up; and, in our turn, to help the younger members of our profession both in their own daily needs and difficulties, and also in their endeavour after a life that should realize the highest ideals with which such leaders as Miss Buss have inspired us.
“From such help as she gave us, one learns the gospel of helpfulness for others, and her life has inspired, and will continue to inspire, some of the best work that has made education a real and valuable thing for the women of England—work which has still to develop into greater usefulness as greater opportunities are presented to it.”
And, over and over, from the younger members of the association, come in varying form the same heartfelt utterances of personal loss, as in this—
“I cannot tell you how much she helped me from the first time I met her, when I went from the Cambridge Training College to work under her at her own school, till I left to become head of the West Ham School. There I rejoiced in having her as one of my governors, and there she has given me help and encouragement that I never can repay. But I know I am only one of many whom she taught and advised without a thought of the trouble to herself.”
Never, surely, had formal vote of condolence less of mere form, or more of love and sorrow than that sent by the Head-mistresses’ Association to the friends of their “honoured and beloved president,” as they say—
“As a body, we lament116 the loss of our head; as individuals, we mourn a dear and honoured friend, who, whether in the cause of public progress or of private friendship, was ever ready to spend herself, her time, and thought for others, and share with them the fruits of her sound judgment and experience.
“We appreciate most thoroughly the splendid work that she accomplished in the sphere of education, and the important part she played in gaining for women the great educational advantages which they now enjoy, but for the moment we are more disposed to dwell upon her personal influence, her wide sympathies, her never-failing readiness to give help and counsel, her public spirit, and her loyal, affectionate disposition117.”
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1
qualified
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| adj.合格的，有资格的，胜任的，有限制的 | |
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awes
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| n.敬畏，惊惧( awe的名词复数 )v.使敬畏，使惊惧( awe的第三人称单数 ) | |
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rigid
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| adj.严格的，死板的；刚硬的，僵硬的 | |
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adherence
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| n.信奉，依附，坚持，固着 | |
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supreme
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| adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的 | |
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fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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interfere
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| v.(in)干涉，干预；(with)妨碍，打扰 | |
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bias
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| n.偏见，偏心，偏袒；vt.使有偏见 | |
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apparently
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| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
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rev
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| v.发动机旋转，加快速度 | |
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privy
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| adj.私用的；隐密的 | |
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sifted
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| v.筛( sift的过去式和过去分词 )；筛滤；细查；详审 | |
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haphazard
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| adj.无计划的，随意的，杂乱无章的 | |
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attained
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| （通常经过努力）实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 )； 达到； 获得； 达到（某年龄、水平、状况） | |
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thwarted
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| 阻挠( thwart的过去式和过去分词 )； 使受挫折； 挫败； 横过 | |
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mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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machinery
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| n.(总称)机械，机器；机构 | |
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hysterical
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| adj.情绪异常激动的，歇斯底里般的 | |
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inevitable
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| adj.不可避免的，必然发生的 | |
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condemn
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| vt.谴责，指责；宣判(罪犯)，判刑 | |
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varied
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| adj.多样的，多变化的 | |
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judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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warped
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| adj.反常的；乖戾的；（变）弯曲的；变形的v.弄弯，变歪( warp的过去式和过去分词 )；使（行为等）不合情理，使乖戾， | |
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acquiescence
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| n.默许；顺从 | |
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acquiesce
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| vi.默许，顺从，同意 | |
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26
restive
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| adj.不安宁的，不安静的 | |
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incompetent
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| adj.无能力的，不能胜任的 | |
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accredited
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| adj.可接受的；可信任的；公认的；质量合格的v.相信( accredit的过去式和过去分词 )；委托；委任；把…归结于 | |
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29
steer
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| vt.驾驶，为…操舵；引导；vi.驾驶 | |
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30
tact
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| n.机敏，圆滑，得体 | |
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friction
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| n.摩擦，摩擦力 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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Founder
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| n.创始者，缔造者 | |
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unnaturally
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| adv.违反习俗地；不自然地；勉强地；不近人情地 | |
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35
undue
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| adj.过分的；不适当的；未到期的 | |
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36
hitch
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| v.免费搭(车旅行)；系住；急提；n.故障；急拉 | |
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37
paternal
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| adj.父亲的，像父亲的，父系的，父方的 | |
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38
authoritative
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| adj.有权威的，可相信的；命令式的；官方的 | |
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gratitude
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| adj.感激，感谢 | |
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40
fray
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| v.争吵；打斗；磨损，磨破；n.吵架；打斗 | |
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41
solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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42
uncommon
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| adj.罕见的，非凡的，不平常的 | |
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43
lodge
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| v.临时住宿，寄宿，寄存，容纳；n.传达室，小旅馆 | |
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44
vexed
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| adj.争论不休的；（指问题等）棘手的；争论不休的问题；烦恼的v.使烦恼( vex的过去式和过去分词 )；使苦恼；使生气；详细讨论 | |
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45
temperament
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| n.气质，性格，性情 | |
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temperaments
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| 性格( temperament的名词复数 )； （人或动物的）气质； 易冲动； （性情）暴躁 | |
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47
grievance
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| n.怨愤，气恼，委屈 | |
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48
formulated
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| v.构想出( formulate的过去式和过去分词 )；规划；确切地阐述；用公式表示 | |
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49
formulate
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| v.用公式表示；规划；设计；系统地阐述 | |
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50
grievances
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| n.委屈( grievance的名词复数 )；苦衷；不满；牢骚 | |
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51
thoroughly
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| adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地 | |
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52
utterances
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| n.发声( utterance的名词复数 )；说话方式；语调；言论 | |
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53
utterance
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| n.用言语表达，话语，言语 | |
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54
suspense
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| n.（对可能发生的事）紧张感，担心，挂虑 | |
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55
impatience
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| n.不耐烦，急躁 | |
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56
manor
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| n.庄园，领地 | |
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57
dictates
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| n.命令，规定，要求( dictate的名词复数 )v.大声讲或读( dictate的第三人称单数 )；口授；支配；摆布 | |
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58
soothing
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| adj.慰藉的；使人宽心的；镇静的 | |
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59
recipient
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| a.接受的,感受性强的 n.接受者,感受者,容器 | |
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60
donors
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| n.捐赠者( donor的名词复数 )；献血者；捐血者；器官捐献者 | |
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61
decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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62
advertising
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| n.广告业；广告活动 a.广告的；广告业务的 | |
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63
curiously
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| adv.有求知欲地；好问地；奇特地 | |
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fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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bishop
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| n.主教，（国际象棋）象 | |
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66
positively
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| adv.明确地，断然，坚决地；实在，确实 | |
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67
humility
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| n.谦逊，谦恭 | |
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68
submission
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| n.服从，投降；温顺，谦虚；提出 | |
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distressing
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| a.使人痛苦的 | |
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sobbed
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| 哭泣，啜泣( sob的过去式和过去分词 )； 哭诉，呜咽地说 | |
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virtues
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| 美德( virtue的名词复数 )； 德行； 优点； 长处 | |
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72
virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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impersonal
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| adj.无个人感情的，与个人无关的，非人称的 | |
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insignificance
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| n.不重要；无价值；无意义 | |
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recurrence
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| n.复发，反复，重现 | |
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agitation
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| n.搅动；搅拌；鼓动，煽动 | |
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accomplished
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| adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的 | |
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ascertained
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| v.弄清，确定，查明( ascertain的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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isolated
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| adj.与世隔绝的 | |
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isolation
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| n.隔离，孤立，分解，分离 | |
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81
specially
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| adv.特定地；特殊地；明确地 | |
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benevolent
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| adj.仁慈的，乐善好施的 | |
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certified
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| a.经证明合格的；具有证明文件的 | |
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tangible
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| adj.有形的，可触摸的，确凿的，实际的 | |
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kindling
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| n. 点火, 可燃物 动词kindle的现在分词形式 | |
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zeal
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| n.热心，热情，热忱 | |
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87
justify
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| vt.证明…正当(或有理)，为…辩护 | |
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guild
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| n.行会，同业公会，协会 | |
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ripening
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| v.成熟，使熟( ripen的现在分词 )；熟化；熟成 | |
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antagonism
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| n.对抗，敌对，对立 | |
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devoted
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| adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的 | |
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honourable
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| adj.可敬的；荣誉的，光荣的 | |
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celebrated
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| adj.有名的，声誉卓著的 | |
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initiating
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| v.开始( initiate的现在分词 )；传授；发起；接纳新成员 | |
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simplicity
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| n.简单，简易；朴素；直率，单纯 | |
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devoutness
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| 朝拜 | |
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invalid
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| n.病人，伤残人；adj.有病的，伤残的；无效的 | |
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craving
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| n.渴望,热望 | |
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appreciative
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| adj.有鉴赏力的，有眼力的；感激的 | |
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glorified
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| 美其名的，变荣耀的 | |
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touching
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| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
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testimony
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| n.证词；见证，证明 | |
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103
appreciation
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| n.评价；欣赏；感谢；领会，理解；价格上涨 | |
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tranquillity
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| n. 平静, 安静 | |
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105
distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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complexity
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| n.复杂(性)，复杂的事物 | |
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harmonious
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| adj.和睦的，调和的，和谐的，协调的 | |
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108
generosity
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| n.大度，慷慨，慷慨的行为 | |
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109
esteem
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| n.尊敬，尊重；vt.尊重，敬重；把…看作 | |
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110
excellences
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| n.卓越( excellence的名词复数 )；（只用于所修饰的名词后）杰出的；卓越的；出类拔萃的 | |
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111
emulation
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| n.竞争；仿效 | |
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112
attainment
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| n.达到，到达；［常pl.］成就，造诣 | |
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113
retired
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| adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的 | |
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114
realization
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| n.实现；认识到，深刻了解 | |
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115
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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116
lament
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| n.悲叹，悔恨，恸哭；v.哀悼，悔恨，悲叹 | |
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117
disposition
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| n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署 | |
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