[302]
“All right,” he said. “I’ll show you a way out.”
“How?”
“We’re like a railroad,” he said. “No railroad is privately6 owned any more. It’s too big. It represents too much capital. Only the public is rich enough to own a railroad. It takes thousands of investors7 putting their money together to build a railroad. Then somebody works it for them and pays them dividends8 on their shares. We can do that,—put our shares on the New York Stock Exchange and sell out to the public.”
The American Steel Company was reorganized. Its capitalization was increased to take in properties hitherto jointly10 owned among them and for other purposes. They agreed to sell no shares except through John in order that all should fare alike. It was a verbal agreement. All of their private agreements were verbal and never so far had one been broken.
Enter John Breakspeare upon the Wall Street scene with something to sell.
The shares of the American Steel Company were duly listed on the New York Stock Exchange,—that is, they were added to the list of securities permitted to be dealt in there and allotted11 sign and booth in the great investment bazar.
People stared and passed by. It was a strange sign not only because it was new but for the reason also that the public knew only mining and railroad shares. The day of industrial company shares had not come.[303] John was a pioneer in that line. He was a vendor12 unused to the ways of this fair with merchandise nobody had ever seen before.
He was not disappointed. He knew, if anybody did, that goods must be brought to the buyer’s attention. Nothing will sell itself, least of all seven per cent. shares for which there is instinctively13 neither hunger nor thirst. He knew also in principle how this kind of impalpable merchandise should be displayed. It has no appeal to any of the natural senses. Therefore it must be made to appeal to all of them at once, symbolically14. How?
First to be engaged is the sense of sight. The shares move. They go up. People ask: “What is that?” They move again. People ask: “Why is that?” They continue to move, going up, then down a little, then suddenly up a great deal, and people say: “Here before our eyes is something doing,—a chance to make some money.” And when once they begin to say that all their senses and appetites are touched with expectation, for money, however derived15, is in itself palpable. It is the symbol of all things whatever.
For the art of making shares go up and down in a manner to excite first attention, then curiosity and then an impulse to act for gain, there is a long, inartistic word. The word is manipulation. The stock market manipulator is an illusionist. Perched high upon some eerie16 crag of the Wall Street canyon17, producing enchantment18 at a distance, he is himself invisible save to the initiate19, and even they do not know what he intends or why, because what he seems to be doing is[304] never at all what he is really doing. If it were, the lesser20 fauna21—the wolves, the jackals, the foxes, apes and crows,—would anticipate his ends and take the quarry22 out of his hands. He makes shares rise when he is selling them and fall when he is buying them. He can take an unnoticed, unwanted thing like American Steel and cause it to become an object of extravagant23 speculative24 interest, so that tens of thousands hang over the tape and wait for the next quotation25, betting whether it shall be up or down. Moreover, he is a ventriloquist. When he has made certain shares very active by the apparently26 simple though extremely intricate expedient27 of buying and selling them furiously through different brokers29, no two of whom know they have the same principal,—when he has done this and people begin to ask the question, then answers suitable to his purpose are in everyone’s ears, saturate30 the atmosphere, and although he, the manipulator, is the source of them that fact is as little known as the fact that he was himself the solitary31 source of all the buying and selling that started the excitement. Not only is the public deceived; the fauna, too, will often be caught. All is flesh that rises to his lure32. His work is sometimes legitimate33, as when he creates a public demand for shares the proceeds of which go to build a railroad or some other great economic work so vast that the capital could not have been obtained in any other way; it is sometimes predatory, sometimes wanton.
At this time the pendragon of manipulators was one Sabath,—James Sabath,—feared by the wicked and[305] righteous both. He was not a member of the Stock Exchange for he did not wish to be bound by the rules. There was no name on his door nor was his name in any directory or book of celebrities34. Yet it was constantly on the lips of all men concerned in gains and losses from speculation35. One might have asked in every bank in Wall Street who and where this Sabath was and one’s inquiry36 would have been received with utter blankness. Yet there would have been hardly a banker in Wall Street, certainly no very important one, who had not had transactions with him of an extremely intimate and delicate nature. Such is the way of men in the money canyon.
For example, there was Bullguard. He was the great private banker of his time,—a kind of C?sar’s wife to the institution of American finance. His authority was absolute, his power was feudal37 and tyrannical. For him to have been seen in the society of Sabath would have been scandalous. Nobody would have known what to make of it. Yet in the pursuit of his ends he often engaged Sabath to do things he could not risk doing for himself. That again is the way of men in the little autonomous38 state which is Wall Street.
John sought an audience with Sabath. After long delay and much unnecessary mystery he was received in that strange man’s lair39. Besides himself there was nothing in it except a ticker, some chairs and a worn Turkey carpet. The room was without windows, therefore lighted artificially in daytime. Twice during the interview he rang a bell and each time a boy appeared[306] with one glass of whiskey in his hand. Sabath drank it at a gulp40, with no here’s how or by your leave. He sat in an arm chair and combed his beard upward from its roots with his fingers, or for change twisted it with the other hand. His head was continually moving; sometimes he threw it far back to start his fingers through his beard; no matter what he did with his head his eyes all the time were perfectly41 still and held John in a blue, vise-like gaze. He looked at people in a way to make them feel full of holes. His head was very large; his body was neat and small; his voice was sarcastic42, thin and shrill43.
John explained his errand. He wished Sabath to take hold of American Steel shares and create some public interest in them. Sabath said nothing, but continued to look at him. John went into details, telling about the company, what it owned and what it earned. Still Sabath continued to gaze at him in silence. John told him at length how the shares had been pooled in his hands by his associates, none to be sold except through him. And Sabath said nothing.
“Does it interest you at all?” John asked at last.
“Come back tomorrow,” said Sabath. He made a gesture toward the door without looking at it. As John went he sat still, but for his head, which turned slowly in a reptilian44 manner.
To John’s surprise Sabath was vocal45 the next day and asked many questions in a high, twanging voice. Some of his questions were oblique46 and some apparently quite irrelevant47. Suddenly he said:
“And so you know that God-fearing Creed48, do you?[307] You must know him very well. How much of this precious stock has Mr. Creed got?”
John told him. Sabath tweaked his beard, saying: “Who would imagine I’d ever be found in the same alley49 with a he-cat like Creed.”
“What’s the matter with him?” asked John.
“I say nothing against him,” Sabath answered. “I only say I’d hate to go into a room with him alone.”
There was a third interview, then a fourth and a fifth. Terms were stated. It seemed to be all ready for the signatures and as there weren’t going to be any signatures John couldn’t understand why Sabath kept postponing50 the final word. Then one day out of a painted sky he said: “We seem unable to make a trade, Mr. Breakspeare. I cannot allow myself to waste any more of your valuable time. I’m not interested.”
John was amazed.
“However,” he said, “I suppose I can trust you to keep to yourself the information you have obtained in the course of these interviews?”
“That’s what we live on down here,—trust,” said Sabath. “We couldn’t do business without it.”
With that he turned his back and stood looking at the ticker. John, thus rudely dismissed, was at the door with his hand on the knob when Sabath spoke51 again, without turning around, without moving his head, as if he were thinking out loud.
“What did you ever do to Mr. Bullguard?”
[308]
“I don’t know him,” said John. “Why?”
“He knows you,” said Sabath, still reading the tape. “He says you are a gambler. Is that true?”
“I don’t know what he means,” said John. “It would be absurd to talk about it. I have some business to transact3 in Wall Street. How does that concern him?”
Sabath now turned and walked with him to the door. His manner was both ingratiating and menacing; his voice was ironic52, and yet there was a suspicion of friendliness53 in his words. “Because if you are,” he continued, as if John had not spoken, “I would urge you to keep all that talent for the steel business. I understand the steel business needs it. We don’t like gambling54 in Wall Street. You are a young man. I have wasted your time. Now I offer you my advice. Don’t try anything in Wall Street. Gamblers don’t go far down here. We eat them. Mr. Bullguard would swallow you up at one bite.” He made an exaggerated bow. “Let me know if there’s anything I can do for you before you go back to Pittsburgh.”
“Thanks,” said John. “When I want to be amused I’ll look you up. Tell Mr. Bullguard I’ve been eaten up so often that I like it. Sometimes I fairly hunger for it. Why did you change your mind?”
“How could I have changed my mind?” Sabath injuredly asked. “How can you say that? It had never been made up.”
“Why did you change your mind?” John insisted.
“You would be betrayed,” said Sabath. “I should be betrayed, too, of course; but I’m used to it and[309] you’re not. The only man you don’t suspect is always the one who betrays you.”
“Did Mr. Bullguard call you off?” John asked.
“You might never get used to it,” Sabath continued, vaguely55, ignoring the question. “You wouldn’t know what to do. I’ve been betrayed so much that I know it before it happens. And I know what to do. You never get through a deal like this without being betrayed.”
He turned sadly and walked back to the ticker. The interview was closed.
John reacted to this experience with thoughtful curiosity. He was baffled and chagrined56 and at the same time deeply interested, for he perceived that here was a province of the dynamic mind in which subtlety57 was carried to its ultimate point. After long reflection he was still of the opinion that underlying58 Sabath’s diabolism lay a vein59 of well meaning; also of the opinion still that the puissant60 Bullguard had interfered61. But why? What could his motive be? This was presently to be discovered. John explored the matter adroitly62 and learned that Bullguard was about to do for the Carmichael crowd what John lone-handed had attempted to do for his crowd,—that is to say, capitalize the steel business and introduce it to the public. Naturally Bullguard desired the field to himself and took a high-handed way against the interloper.
Nevertheless, John resolved to go on. He would be his own manipulator. Why not? The stock market was nobody’s private preserve. He had as much right there as Bullguard or Sabath. Besides, where was[310] the risk? He controlled all the shares of the American Steel Company.
So he engaged a broker28, who engaged other brokers, and buying and selling orders, both issuing from John, began to be executed in American Steel. For a while he was delighted. It was so easy to make the shares active, to make them go up and down, to create the illusion of excited bargaining, that he began to wonder why anyone should pay manipulators large fees to do this simple trick. He wondered, too, what Sabath was thinking of his performance. He could almost feel Sabath watching him. He imagined him at the ticker, tweaking his beard, sneering64 at the amateur quotations65 that were appearing on the tape for American Steel.
They were beautiful quotations, rising from 80 to 85, then to 90, then to 95 and at length to 100; they were also very costly66 quotations. Commissions to brokers who executed his orders began to run into large figures and there were no offsetting67 returns. That is to say, real buyers were not in the least intrigued68. After several weeks John himself was the only buyer and the only seller. He discussed it with his broker who thought what he needed was publicity69. He ought to get American Steel written about in the newspapers.
Financial writers to the number of twenty were invited to meet the president of the American Steel Company. Six came. John received them in his broker’s private office and spoke eloquently70 and earnestly of the company, its merits, earnings71 and all that. They stared at him incredulously, then began to look[311] very bored and went away. The American Steel was not written about except in one newspaper, which told of the solicited72 interview in a way to make it ludicrous.
Now a most improbable thing happened. John’s broker reported that someone was selling American Steel shares.
Selling them? Who could be selling them? Nobody had any to sell.
Nevertheless, it was true. Well, next best to selling the shares to the public, which he hadn’t succeeded in doing, was to buy them from speculators who would sell them without owning them, for in that case when the sellers were called upon to deliver what they never had then they couldn’t and John would be in a position to squeeze them. He would have them in a corner. So he gave orders to buy all the American Steel anyone offered to sell. The selling steadily73 increased. How strange that professional Stock Exchange gamblers, the canniest74 men in the world, would sell themselves into a corner in that silly manner! Yet what else could it be? Still sure the sellers were selling what they couldn’t deliver John continued to buy until very large sums began to be involved.
One afternoon his broker informed him that the selling had been traced to Sabath. This John had already suspected. He was now in deep water and wired for his crowd,—Slaymaker, Awns, Wingreene, Pick and Creed. Having laid the cards before them he proposed that they should unite their resources and bring off a corner in American Steel. Clearly they had Sabath cornered. They had only to let him go on[312] selling until he was tired; then they could make him settle on their own terms.
Creed declined. This was John’s party, he said. They had authorized75 him to sell their shares. Instead he had got himself involved in a contest with the most powerful speculator in Wall Street and now expected them to stand under. They would be fools to get into that kind of game. He flatly wouldn’t do it.
The others wavered. They hated to leave John in the lurch76; they were afraid to stand by. Creed withdrew and vanished.
While the other four were hesitating a sudden panic shook the stock market. American Steel shares fell from 103 to 25 in ten minutes, plunging77 headlong through John’s buying orders. And while this was taking place his broker came to him in a state of gibbering excitement.
“I thought you said nobody had any American Steel to sell?”
“Nobody has,” said John.
“Then we’re all crazy,” said the broker. “More than a million dollars’ worth of the stuff has just been delivered to us. We’ve got to pay for it at once.”
“Let’s look at it,” said John. “I want to see it.”
He saw it. The shares that had been delivered to him were Creed’s.
John paid for them, though it almost broke his back. He used his own money until he had no more and borrowed the rest from Slaymaker and Pick on his notes. The fiasco was complete. American Steel was indignantly[313] stricken from the Stock Exchange list because it had been manipulated in so outrageous78 a manner and the newspapers wrote about it most scornfully.
It was all over and John and his crowd, now always excepting Creed, were at dinner in the Holland House, when a reporter from The Sun appeared at their table unannounced and asked: “Mr. Breakspeare, how do you feel?”
John went on eating as he replied: “I feel like a dog that’s been kicked so much he goes sideways. I’ve got every pain there is but one. That’s belly80 ache.”
This was printed the next morning on the front page of The Sun, and Wall Street forgot itself long enough to say: “Not a bad sport, anyhow.”
“Now I suppose we’ll go back and attend to the steel business,” said Slaymaker.
“In a day or two,” John answered. “There’s something I want to do here yet.”
He wanted to find out how it happened. And he did. Bullguard, knowing Creed, had tempted63 him to part with his shares at a very nice price. These shares Bullguard turned over to Sabath with the understanding that they should be used to club John’s market to death. John had no hostile feeling for Sabath. For Creed he felt only contempt. But with Bullguard he opened a score.
His state was not one of anger. He had only himself to blame. “I don’t so much mind getting plucked,” he said, “but I look so like Hell.”
He simply couldn’t leave until he had turned the[314] laugh. This he did in the way as follows: One morning at eleven o’clock a small funeral cortege, instead of stopping at Trinity Church as funerals should in that part of the city, turned down Wall Street and stopped at the door of Bullguard & Company. Six men drew from the hearse a silver-mounted mahogany coffin81 smothered82 in roses, carried it into the great banking83 house, put it down on the floor, went immediately out and drove away. It was so swiftly yet quietly done and it was so altogether incredible that the door attendant knew not what to do or think. His wits were paralyzed and while he stared with his mouth open the pall-bearers disappeared. So did the hearse and carriages. A great crowd instantly gathered. The nearest policeman was called. As no one could say how the coffin got there or what was in it he refused either to move it or to let it be moved until the coroner should come to open it. He was a new policeman and could not be awed84. He knew his duty and no manner of entreaty85 availed. For an hour it lay there on the floor. Police reserves were summoned to keep a way for traffic through the gaping86 throng87. Somewhere inside the banking house, out of sight, was Bullguard, surrounded by his partners, apoplectic88 and purple with a sense of unanswerable outrage79. The coroner was accompanied by a group of reporters.
When the coffin was opened, there upon the white satin pillow lay a rump of a pig, rampant89, tail uppermost; and in the curl of the tail was twisted and tied like a ribbon the few feet of ticker tape on which the last quotations for American Steel were printed.[315] It was a freak story and the newspapers made much of it. Wall Street rocked with glee. John went back to Pittsburgh with a smile in his midriff, leaving the wreck90 of a fortune behind him.
点击收听单词发音
1 opaque | |
adj.不透光的;不反光的,不传导的;晦涩的 | |
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2 transacting | |
v.办理(业务等)( transact的现在分词 );交易,谈判 | |
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3 transact | |
v.处理;做交易;谈判 | |
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4 transparent | |
adj.明显的,无疑的;透明的 | |
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5 dilemma | |
n.困境,进退两难的局面 | |
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6 privately | |
adv.以私人的身份,悄悄地,私下地 | |
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7 investors | |
n.投资者,出资者( investor的名词复数 ) | |
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8 dividends | |
红利( dividend的名词复数 ); 股息; 被除数; (足球彩票的)彩金 | |
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9 motive | |
n.动机,目的;adv.发动的,运动的 | |
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10 jointly | |
ad.联合地,共同地 | |
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11 allotted | |
分配,拨给,摊派( allot的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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12 vendor | |
n.卖主;小贩 | |
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13 instinctively | |
adv.本能地 | |
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14 symbolically | |
ad.象征地,象征性地 | |
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15 derived | |
vi.起源;由来;衍生;导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 );(从…中)得到获得;源于;(从…中)提取 | |
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16 eerie | |
adj.怪诞的;奇异的;可怕的;胆怯的 | |
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17 canyon | |
n.峡谷,溪谷 | |
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18 enchantment | |
n.迷惑,妖术,魅力 | |
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19 initiate | |
vt.开始,创始,发动;启蒙,使入门;引入 | |
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20 lesser | |
adj.次要的,较小的;adv.较小地,较少地 | |
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21 fauna | |
n.(一个地区或时代的)所有动物,动物区系 | |
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22 quarry | |
n.采石场;v.采石;费力地找 | |
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23 extravagant | |
adj.奢侈的;过分的;(言行等)放肆的 | |
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24 speculative | |
adj.思索性的,暝想性的,推理的 | |
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25 quotation | |
n.引文,引语,语录;报价,牌价,行情 | |
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26 apparently | |
adv.显然地;表面上,似乎 | |
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27 expedient | |
adj.有用的,有利的;n.紧急的办法,权宜之计 | |
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28 broker | |
n.中间人,经纪人;v.作为中间人来安排 | |
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29 brokers | |
n.(股票、外币等)经纪人( broker的名词复数 );中间人;代理商;(订合同的)中人v.做掮客(或中人等)( broker的第三人称单数 );作为权力经纪人进行谈判;以中间人等身份安排… | |
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30 saturate | |
vt.使湿透,浸透;使充满,使饱和 | |
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31 solitary | |
adj.孤独的,独立的,荒凉的;n.隐士 | |
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32 lure | |
n.吸引人的东西,诱惑物;vt.引诱,吸引 | |
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33 legitimate | |
adj.合法的,合理的,合乎逻辑的;v.使合法 | |
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34 celebrities | |
n.(尤指娱乐界的)名人( celebrity的名词复数 );名流;名声;名誉 | |
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35 speculation | |
n.思索,沉思;猜测;投机 | |
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36 inquiry | |
n.打听,询问,调查,查问 | |
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37 feudal | |
adj.封建的,封地的,领地的 | |
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38 autonomous | |
adj.自治的;独立的 | |
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39 lair | |
n.野兽的巢穴;躲藏处 | |
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40 gulp | |
vt.吞咽,大口地吸(气);vi.哽住;n.吞咽 | |
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41 perfectly | |
adv.完美地,无可非议地,彻底地 | |
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42 sarcastic | |
adj.讥讽的,讽刺的,嘲弄的 | |
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43 shrill | |
adj.尖声的;刺耳的;v尖叫 | |
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44 reptilian | |
adj.(像)爬行动物的;(像)爬虫的;卑躬屈节的;卑鄙的n.两栖动物;卑劣的人 | |
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45 vocal | |
adj.直言不讳的;嗓音的;n.[pl.]声乐节目 | |
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46 oblique | |
adj.斜的,倾斜的,无诚意的,不坦率的 | |
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47 irrelevant | |
adj.不恰当的,无关系的,不相干的 | |
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48 creed | |
n.信条;信念,纲领 | |
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49 alley | |
n.小巷,胡同;小径,小路 | |
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50 postponing | |
v.延期,推迟( postpone的现在分词 ) | |
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51 spoke | |
n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说 | |
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52 ironic | |
adj.讽刺的,有讽刺意味的,出乎意料的 | |
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53 friendliness | |
n.友谊,亲切,亲密 | |
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54 gambling | |
n.赌博;投机 | |
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55 vaguely | |
adv.含糊地,暖昧地 | |
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56 chagrined | |
adj.懊恼的,苦恼的v.使懊恼,使懊丧,使悔恨( chagrin的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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57 subtlety | |
n.微妙,敏锐,精巧;微妙之处,细微的区别 | |
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58 underlying | |
adj.在下面的,含蓄的,潜在的 | |
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59 vein | |
n.血管,静脉;叶脉,纹理;情绪;vt.使成脉络 | |
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60 puissant | |
adj.强有力的 | |
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61 interfered | |
v.干预( interfere的过去式和过去分词 );调停;妨碍;干涉 | |
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62 adroitly | |
adv.熟练地,敏捷地 | |
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63 tempted | |
v.怂恿(某人)干不正当的事;冒…的险(tempt的过去分词) | |
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64 sneering | |
嘲笑的,轻蔑的 | |
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65 quotations | |
n.引用( quotation的名词复数 );[商业]行情(报告);(货物或股票的)市价;时价 | |
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66 costly | |
adj.昂贵的,价值高的,豪华的 | |
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67 offsetting | |
n.偏置法v.抵消( offset的现在分词 );补偿;(为了比较的目的而)把…并列(或并置);为(管道等)装支管 | |
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68 intrigued | |
adj.好奇的,被迷住了的v.搞阴谋诡计(intrigue的过去式);激起…的兴趣或好奇心;“intrigue”的过去式和过去分词 | |
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69 publicity | |
n.众所周知,闻名;宣传,广告 | |
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70 eloquently | |
adv. 雄辩地(有口才地, 富于表情地) | |
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71 earnings | |
n.工资收人;利润,利益,所得 | |
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72 solicited | |
v.恳求( solicit的过去式和过去分词 );(指娼妇)拉客;索求;征求 | |
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73 steadily | |
adv.稳定地;不变地;持续地 | |
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74 canniest | |
精明的,狡猾的( canny的最高级 ) | |
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75 authorized | |
a.委任的,许可的 | |
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76 lurch | |
n.突然向前或旁边倒;v.蹒跚而行 | |
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77 plunging | |
adj.跳进的,突进的v.颠簸( plunge的现在分词 );暴跌;骤降;突降 | |
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78 outrageous | |
adj.无理的,令人不能容忍的 | |
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79 outrage | |
n.暴行,侮辱,愤怒;vt.凌辱,激怒 | |
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80 belly | |
n.肚子,腹部;(像肚子一样)鼓起的部分,膛 | |
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81 coffin | |
n.棺材,灵柩 | |
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82 smothered | |
(使)窒息, (使)透不过气( smother的过去式和过去分词 ); 覆盖; 忍住; 抑制 | |
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83 banking | |
n.银行业,银行学,金融业 | |
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84 awed | |
adj.充满敬畏的,表示敬畏的v.使敬畏,使惊惧( awe的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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85 entreaty | |
n.恳求,哀求 | |
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86 gaping | |
adj.口的;张口的;敞口的;多洞穴的v.目瞪口呆地凝视( gape的现在分词 );张开,张大 | |
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87 throng | |
n.人群,群众;v.拥挤,群集 | |
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88 apoplectic | |
adj.中风的;愤怒的;n.中风患者 | |
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89 rampant | |
adj.(植物)蔓生的;狂暴的,无约束的 | |
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90 wreck | |
n.失事,遇难;沉船;vt.(船等)失事,遇难 | |
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