[Pg 173]
to new ideas; and, happily, a circumstance now occurred that brought on a revival of intercourse with the only man who, at that time, could recall the mourner’s faculties8 to genial9 feelings, and expand them to confidential10 sociality.
His earliest favourite, guide, philosopher, and friend, Mr. Crisp, he now, after a separation of very many years, accidentally met at the house of Mr. Vincent, a mutual11 acquaintance.
Their satisfaction at the sight of each other was truly reciprocal; though that of Mr. Burney was tinctured with dejection, that he could no longer present to his dearest friend the partner whom, by such a judge, he had felt would have been instantly and reverentially appreciated.
Mr. Crisp joined in this regret; but was not the less desirous to see and to know all that remained of her; and he hastened the following day to Poland-street; where, from his very first entrance amidst the juvenile12 group, he became instinctively13 honoured as a counsellor for his wisdom and judgment14, and loved and liked as a companion for his gaiety, his good-humour, and his delight in their rising affections; which led him unremittingly, though never obtrusively15, to mingle16 instruction with their most sportive intercourse.
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As Mr. Crisp was the earliest and dearest friend of the subject of these memoirs17, the reader will not, it is probable, be sorry to be apprised18 of the circumstances which, since their separation, had turned him from a brilliant man of the world to a decided19 recluse20.
The life of Mr. Crisp had been exposed to much vicissitude21. Part of it had been spent in Italy, particularly at Rome, where he took up his residence for some years; and where, from his passion for music, painting, and sculpture, he amassed22, for the rest of his existence, recollections of never-dying pleasure. And not alone for his solitary23 contemplations, but for the delight that the vivacity24 of his delineations imparted to his friends, when he could be induced to unfold his reminiscences; whether upon the sacred and soul-pervading harmony of the music of the Pope’s chapel25; or upon the tones, mellifluously26 melting or elevating, of Sinesino, Custini, or Farinelli: or by bringing to view through glowing images, the seraphic forms and expressions of Raphael and Correggio; and the sculptural sublimity27 of Michael Angelo. Or when, animated28 to the climax29 of his homage30 for the fine arts, he flitted by all else to concentrate the whole
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force of his energies, in describing that electrifying31 wonder, the Apollo Belvedere.
On this he dwelt with a vivacity of language that made his hearers wish to fasten upon every word that he uttered; so vividly32 he portrayed33 the commanding port, the chaste34 symmetry, and the magic form—for which not a tint35 was requisite36, and colouring would have been superfluous—of that unrivalled production, of which the peerless grace, looking softer, though of marble, than the feathered snow; and brightly radiant, though, like the sun, simply white, strike upon the mind rather than the eye, as an ideal representative of ethereal beauty.[28]
And while such were his favourite topics for his gifted participators, there was a charm for all around in his more general conversation, that illumined with instruction, or gladdened with entertainment, even the most current and desultory37 subjects of the passing hour.
Thus rarely at once endowed and cultivated, there can be little surprise that Mr. Crisp should be distinguished38, speedily and forcibly, by what is
[Pg 176]
denominated the Great World; where his striking talents, embellished39 by his noble countenance40 and elegant manners, made him so much the mode with the great, and the chosen with the difficult, that time, not friends, was all he wanted for social enjoyment41.
High, perhaps highest in this noble class, stood Margaret Cavendish Harley, Duchess Dowager of Portland, The Friend of Mrs. Delany; by whom that venerable and exemplary personage, who was styled by Mr. Burke, “The pattern of a real fine lady of times that were past,” had been herself made known to Mr. Crisp.
Mrs. Montagu, also, who then, Mr. Crisp was wont42 to say, was peering at fame, and gradually rising to its temple, was of the same coterie43. But most familiarly he resided with Christopher Hamilton of Chesington Hall, and with the Earl of Coventry.
With this last he was intimately connected, at the time of that Earl’s marriage with the acknowledged nonpareil of female beauty, the youngest Miss Gunning.
Mr. Crisp had already written his tragedy of Virginia; but Garrick, though he was the author’s
[Pg 177]
personal friend, thought it so little equal to the expectations that might await it, that he postponed44, season after season, bringing it out; even though Lord Coventry, who admired it with the warmth of partial regard, engaged the first Mr. Pitt[29] to read it, and to pronounce in its favour. Roscius still was adverse45, and still delayed the trial; nor could he be prevailed upon to prepare it for the stage, till Mr. Crisp had won that Venus of her day, the exquisite46 Lady Coventry, through his influence with her lord, to present a copy of the manuscript, with her own almost sculptured hand, to the then conquered manager.
The play neither succeeded nor failed. A catastrophe47 of so yea and nay48 a character was ill suited to the energies and hopes of its high-minded author, who was bitterly disappointed; and thought the performers had been negligent49, Mr. Garrick unfriendly, and the public precipitate50.
The zealous52 Lord Coventry, himself a man of letters, advised sundry53 changes, and a new trial. Mr. Crisp shut himself up, and worked indefatigably54 at these suggestions: but when his alterations55 were
[Pg 178]
finished, there was no longer a radiant Countess of Coventry to bewitch Mr. Garrick, by “the soft serenity56 of her smile,” to make a further attempt. Lady Coventry, whose brief, dazzling race, was rapidly run, was now already fast fading in the grasping arms of withering57 consumption: and Mr. Garrick, though, from unwillingness58 to disoblige, he seemed wavering, was not the less inexorable.
Mr. Crisp then, disgusted with the stage, the manager, and the theatrical59 public, gave up not alone that point, but every other by which he might have emerged from private life to celebrity60. He almost wholly retired61 from London, and resided at Hampton; where he fitted up a small house with paintings, prints, sculpture, and musical instruments, arranged with the most classical elegance62.
But the vicinity of the metropolis63 caused allurements64 such as these, with such a chief to bring them into play, to accord but ill with the small, though unincumbered fortune of their master; and the grace with which, instinctively, he received his visitors, made his habitation so pleasant, as soon to produce a call upon his income that shattered its stability.
[Pg 179]
His alarm now was such as might be expected from his sense of honour, and his love of independence. Yet the delicacy65 of his pride forbade any complaint to his friends, that might seem to implicate66 their discretion67 in his distress68, or to invite their aid; though his desire to smooth, without publishing, his difficulties, urged him to commune with those of his connexions who were in actual power, and to confess his wishes for some honourable69 place, or occupation, that might draw forth70 his faculties to the amelioration of his fortune.
Kind words, and enlivening promises, now raised his hopes to a favourable71 change in his affairs; and, brightly looking forward, he continued to welcome his friends; who, enchanted72 by his society, poured in upon him with a thoughtless frequency, which caused an increase of expenditure73 that startled him, ere long, with a prospect74, sudden and frightful75, of the road to ruin.
Shocked, wounded, dismayed, he perceived two ways only by which he could be extricated76 from the labyrinth77 into which he had been betrayed by premature78 expectation; either vigorously to urge his suit for some appointment, and persecute79, pester80 his friends to quicken his advancement81; or cut off
[Pg 180]
approaching worldly destruction by an immediate82 sacrifice of worldly luxury.
A severe fit of the gout, that now, for the first time—hastened, probably, by chagrin—assailed him, decided his resolution. He sold his house at Hampton, his books, prints, pictures, and instruments; with a fixed83 determination of relinquishing84 the world, and retiring from mankind.
Within a few miles of Hampton stood Chesington Hall, his chosen retreat; and thither85, with what little of his property he had rescued from the auctioneer and the appraiser86, he transplanted his person; and there buried every temporal prospect.
Chesington Hall was placed upon a considerable, though not rapid eminence87, whence two tall, antique trees, growing upon an old rustic88 structure called The Mount, were discernible at sixteen miles distance. The Hall had been built upon a large, lone7, and nearly desolate89 common; and no regular road, or even track to the mansion90 from Epsom, the nearest town, had, for many years, been spared from its encircling ploughed fields, or fallow ground.
This old mansion had fallen into the hands of the Hamiltons from those of the Hattons, by whom its erection had been begun in the same year upon
[Pg 181]
which Cardinal91 Wolsey had commenced raising, in its vicinity, the magnificent palace of Hampton Court.
Every thing around Chesington Hall was now falling to decay; and its hereditary92 owner, Christopher Hamilton, the last male of his immediate branch of the Hamilton family, was, at this time, utterly93 ruined, and sinking in person as well as property in the general desolation.
This was precisely94 a sojourn95 to meet the secluding96 desire of Mr. Crisp; he adopted some pic-nic plan with Mr. Hamilton; and Chesington Hall became his decided residence; it might almost be said, his fugitive97 sanctuary98. He acquainted no one with his intentions, and communicated to no one his place of abode99. Firm to resist the kindness, he determined100 to escape the tediousness, of persuasion101: and, however often, in after-life, when renovated102 health gave him a consciousness of renovated faculties, he might have regretted this intellectual interment, he was immoveable never more to emerge from a tranquillity103, which now, to his sickened mind, made the pursuits of ambition seem as oppressively troublesome in their manœuvres, as they were morbidly104 bitter in their disappointments.
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His fondness, however, for the arts, was less subordinate to the casualties of life than his love of the world. It was too much an integral part of his composition to be annihilated105 in the same gulph in which were sunk his mundane106 expectations. Regularly, therefore, every spring, he came up to the metropolis, where, in keeping pace with the times, he enjoyed every modern improvement in music and painting.
Rarely can a re-union of early associates have dispensed108 brighter felicity with more solid advantages, than were produced by the accidental re-meeting of these long separated friends. To Mr. Burney it brought back a congeniality of feeling and intelligence, that re-invigorated his social virtues109; and to Mr. Crisp it gave not only a friend, but a family.
It operated, however, no further. To Mr. Burney alone was confided110 the clue for a safe route across the wild common to Chesington Hall; from all others it was steadfastly111 withheld112; and from Mr. Greville it was studiously and peculiarly concealed114.
That gentleman now was greatly altered, from the large and larger strides which he had made, and was making, into the dangerous purlieus of horse-racing
[Pg 183]
and of play; into whose precincts, from the delusive115 difference of their surface from their foundation, no incursions can be hazarded without as perilous116 a shake to character and disposition117, as to fortune and conduct. And Mr. Greville, who, always honourable, was almost necessarily a frequent loser, was evidently on the high road to turn from a man of pleasure to a man of spleen; venting118 his wrath119 at his failures upon the turf and at the clubs, by growing fastidious and cavilling120 in general society. Mr. Crisp, therefore, bent121 to maintain the dear bought quiet of his worldly sacrifices as unmingled with the turbulent agitations122 of querulous debate, as with the restless solicitudes123 of active life, shunned124 the now pertinacious125 disputant almost with dread126.
Yet Mr. Greville, about this period, was rescued, for a while, from this hovering127 deterioration128, through the exertions130 of his friends in the government, by whom he was named minister plenipotentiary to the court of Bavaria; in the hope that such an appointment, with its probable consequences, might re-establish his affairs.
No change, however, of situation, caused any
[Pg 184]
change in Mr. Greville to his early protegé and attached and attaching friend, Mr. Burney, to whom he still shewed himself equally eager to communicate his opinions, and reveal his proceedings131. A letter from Munich, written when his Excellency was first installed in his new dignity, will display the pleasant openness of their correspondence; at the same time that it depicts132 the humours and expenses of the official ceremonials then in use, with a frankness that makes them both curious and entertaining.[30]
A letter to the Earl of Eglinton from the celebrated133 David Hume, written also about this time, gave Mr. Burney very peculiar113 satisfaction, from the sincere disposition to esteem134 and to serve him, which it manifested in that dangerously renowned135 philosopher; whose judgment of men was as skilfully136 inviting137, as his sophistry138 in theology was fearfully repelling139.
Yet upon the circumstances of this letter hung a cutting disappointment, which, in the midst of his rising prospects140, severely141 pierced the hopes of Mr. Burney; and, from the sharpness of its injury, and its future aggravating142 repetitions, would permanently143
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have festered them, had their composition been of less elastic144 quality.
To be Master of the King’s Band, as the highest professional honour to be obtained, had been the earliest aim of Mr. Burney; and, through the medium of warm friends, joined to his now well approved and obvious merit, the promise of the then Lord Chamberlain had been procured145 for the first vacancy146. This arrived in 1765; but when the consequent claim was made, how great, how confounding to Mr. Burney was the intelligence, that the place was disposed of already.
He hastened with a relation of this grievance147, as unexpected as it was undeserved, to the celebrated historian, to whom his rights had been well known at Paris. And Mr. Hume, whose sense of justice—one fatal warp148 excepted—was as luminous149 as it was profound, shocked by such a breach150 of its simplest and most unchangeable statutes151, instantly undertook, with the courage imbibed152 by his great abilities and high moral character, to make a representation on the subject to Lord Hertford.
Failing, however, of meeting with an immediate opportunity, and well aware of the importance of expedition in such applications, he addressed himself
[Pg 186]
to the Countess; and from her he learnt, and with expressions of benevolent153 concern, that it was the Duke of York[31] who had demanded the nomination154 to the place.
It now occurred to Mr. Hume that the present applicant155 might possibly be himself the object for whom his Royal Highness had interfered156, as Mr. Burney had frequently been seen, and treated with marked kindness, by the Royal Duke at private concerts; which were then often, at the sudden request of that prince, formed by the Earl of Eglinton; and at which Mr. Burney, when in London, was always a principal and favoured assistant. With this in his recollection, and naturally concluding Lord Eglinton, who always shewed an animated partiality for Mr. Burney, to be chief in the application to the Lord Chamberlain, Mr. Hume wrote the following letter.
To the Earl of Eglinton.
“My Lord,
“Not finding an opportunity of speaking yesterday to Lord Hertford, in favour of Mr. Burney, I spoke157 to my lady, and told her the whole case. She already knows Mr. Burney, and has an esteem for him. She said it gave her great uneasiness, and was
[Pg 187]
sure it would do so to my lord, that he was already engaged, and, she believed, to the Duke of York.
“It occurred to me, that his Royal Highness’s application might, also, be in favour of Mr. Burney; in which case the matter is easy. If not, it is probable your Lordship may engage his Royal Highness to depart from his application; for really Mr. Burney’s case, independently of his merit, is very hard and cruel.
“I have the honour to be,
“My Lord, your Lordship’s
“Most humble158 and most obedient servant,
“David Hume.”
“P. S. If your Lordship honour me with an answer in the forenoon, please send it to General Conway’s, in Little Warwick Street; if in the afternoon, at Miss Elliot’s, Brewer159 Street, Golden Square.”
A reclamation160 such as this, from a man who was then almost universally held to be at the head of British literature, could not be read unmoved; and an opinion so positive of the justice and merits of the case, manifested by two directions for an immediate reply, both given for the same day, and without any apology for such precipitancy, shewed a warmth
[Pg 188]
of personal zeal51 and interest for the welfare of Mr. Burney, that was equally refreshing161 to his spirits, and stimulating162 to his hopes.
The place, however, was decidedly gone. The first word from the Duke had fixed its fate; though, from the real amenity163 of the character of the prince, joined to the previous favour he had shewn to Mr. Burney, there cannot be a doubt that, had the history of the affair reached the ear of his Royal Highness, he would have been foremost himself, as Mr. Hume suggested, to have nominated Mr. Burney.
Here the matter dropped; and the expressed regret and civilities of the Countess, with the implied ones of the Earl, somewhat softened164 the infliction165: but the active services, and manly166 appeal of David Hume, conduced far more to awaken167 and to fortify168 the philosophy that so unexpected a mortification169 required.
In mingling170 again with the world upon its common terms of cultivating what was good, and supporting what was evil, Mr. Burney now, no longer bewitched by beauty, nor absorbed by social sympathies, found literature and its pursuits without rival in his estimation; yet, in missing those vanished delights, he deemed that he had the world to re-begin: for though prosperity met his professional toils171 with heightened reputation and reward, they were joyless, however essential, since participation172 was gone!
The time had arrived, and now was passed, for the long-settled project of Mr. Burney of conveying to
[Pg 189]
Paris his second and, then, youngest daughters, Frances and Charlotte, to replace his eldest173 and his third, Esther and Susanna; now both returned thence, with every improvement that a kind parent could reasonably desire.
The time had arrived—and was passed.—But if no man can with certainty pronounce what at any stated period he will perform, how much less is he gifted with fore-knowledge of what, at any stated period, he may wish!
Six heartless, nearly desolate, years of lonely conjugal174 chasm175, had succeeded to double their number of nearly unparalleled conjugal enjoyment—and the void was still fallow and hopeless!—when the yet very handsome, though no longer in her bloom, Mrs. Stephen Allen, of Lynn, now become a widow, decided, for promoting the education of her eldest daughter, to make London her winter residence.
Mr. Burney was, of course, applied176 to for assistance in the musical line; and not less called upon as the most capable judge and counsellor in every other.
The loss that had been sustained by Mrs. Allen was that of a very worthy177 man, whom she esteemed178, but to whom she had been married by her parents early in life, without either choice or aversion. In her situation, therefore, and that of Mr. Burney,
[Pg 190]
there was no other affinity179 than that each had been widowed by the hand of death.
Highly intellectual, and fond even to passion of books, Mrs. Allen delighted in the conversation of Mr. Burney; and the hour for his instructions to Miss Allen was fixed to be that of tea-time; to the end that, when he was liberated180 from the daughter, he might be engaged with the mother.
The superior grief of Mr. Burney, as deep as it was acute, was not more prominent than the feeling admiration181 that it inspired in Mrs. Allen: and if moved by his sorrows, while charmed by his merit, Mrs. Allen saw him with daily increasing interest, Mr. Burney was not less moved by her commiseration182, nor less penetrated183 by her sympathy; and insensibly he became solaced184, while involuntarily she grew grateful, upon observing her rising influence over his spirits.
To the tender sentiments of the heart, the avenues are as infinite for entrance as they are difficult for escape; but there are none so direct, and, consequently, none so common, as those through whose gentle mazes185 soft pity encounters soothing186 sensibility.
The task of consoling the sorrower seems, to its participator, nearly a devout187 one; and the sorrower, most especially where beauty and spirit meet in that
[Pg 191]
participator, would think resistance to such benevolence188 might savour of ingratitude189.
Those who judge of the sincerity190 of pristine191 connubial192 tenderness merely by its abhorrence193 of succession, take a very unenlightened, if not false, view of human grief; unless they limit their stigma194 to an eager or a facile repetition of those rites195 which, on their first inauguration196, had seemed inviolable and irreplaceable.
So still, in fact, they may faithfully, though silently continue, even under a subsequent new connexion. The secret breast, alive to memory though deprived of sympathy, may still internally adhere to its own choice and fondness; notwithstanding the various and imperious calls of current existence may urge a second alliance: and urge it, from feelings and from affections as clear of inconstancy as of hypocrisy198; urge it, from the best of motives199, that of accommodating ourselves to our lot, with all its piercing privations; since our lot is dependent upon causes we have no means to either evade200 or fathom201; and as remote from our direction as from our wishes.
If, by any exertion129 of which mortal man is capable, or any suffering which mortal man can sustain, Mr. Burney could have called back his vanished
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Esther to his ecstatic consciousness, labour, even to decrepitude202, endurance even to torture, he would have borne, would have sought, would have blessed, for the most transient sight of her adored form. But she was taken away from him by that decree against which there is no appeal.
He who loses a parent, a brother, a sister, a friend, however deeply and deservedly they may be lamented203, is never branded with want of feeling if he seek another counsellor and guide, if he accept another companion and favourite. It is but considered to be meeting his destiny as a man who knows he must not choose it; it is but consenting to receive such good as is attainable204, while bowing down submissively to such evil as is unavoidable.
Succession is the law of nature; and, as far as her laws are obvious, it is that which stands foremost.
The angel whom Mr. Burney had lost—for an angel both without and within she had seemed to him—had the generous disinterestedness205, on the bed of death, to recommend to her miserable206 husband that he would marry again; well knowing that the tenderness of female friendship would come nearest,—however distant,—to the softness of consolation207: and, maternally208 weighing, no doubt, that
[Pg 193]
a well chosen partner might prove a benediction209 to her poor children. And this injunction, though heard at the time with agony scarcely supportable, might probably, and strongly, influence his future conduct, when the desperation of hopelessness was somewhat worn away by all-subduing time, joined to forced exertions in business.
His Esther had even named to him the lady whom she thought most capable to suit him as a companion, and most tenderly disposed to becoming a mother to his children,—Miss Dorothy Young, who was her most valued friend. Mrs. Allen, Dorothy’s nearest competitor, was not then a widow. But Mr. Burney, sacred as he held the opinions and the wishes of his Esther, was too ardent211 an admirer of beauty to dispense107, in totality, with that attractive embellishment of the female frame. He honoured and esteemed, with a brother’s affection, the excellent Dorothy Young: but those charms which awaken softer sensations, were utterly and unhappily denied to that estimable woman, through her peculiarly unfortunate personal defects.
Not early, and not easily, did Mr. Burney and Mrs. Allen reveal their mutual partiality. The wounded heart of Mr. Burney recoiled212 from such
[Pg 194]
anodyne213 as demanded new vows214 to a new object: and Mrs. Allen, at that period, lived in a state of affluence215 that made such a marriage require severe worldly sacrifices. Only, however transiently; for by an unfortunate trust in an unfortunate, though honourable speculatist, Dr. King, she completely lost all that, independently, was at her own disposal of fortune. And the noble disinterestedness of Mr. Burney upon this occasion, rivetted to him her affections, with the highest esteem.
Yet even when these scruples216 were mutually overwhelmed by increasing force of regard, so many unlooked for obstacles stood in the way of their union, that, wearied by delays that seemed at once captious217 and interminable, Mr. Burney earnestly entreated218 that an immediate private marriage might avert219, at least, a final breach of their engagement: solemnly promising220, at the same time, that they should keep the alliance secret, and still live apart, till all prudential exactions should be satisfied.
As they were each wholly independent, save from the influence of opinion,—which, however, is frequently more difficult to subdue221 than that of authority,—Mrs. Allen saw no objection of sufficient force to counteract222 her pleasure in compliance223.
[Pg 195]
Their plan was confided to four persons, indispensably requisite for its execution; Mrs., afterwards Lady Strange, Miss Young, Mr. Crisp, and the Rev2. Mr. Pugh, curate of St. James’s church.
Mr. Pugh, who was of very long standing197 a friend of Mr. Burney, aided personally in promoting such measures as secured secrecy224 with success; and in St. James’s church, Mr. Pugh tied that indissoluble knot, which, however fairly promising, is inevitably225 rigorous, since it can be loosened only by Crime or by Death: but which, where it binds226 the destinies of those whose hearts are already knit together by reciprocated227 regard, gives a charm to captivity228 that robs liberty of regret.
At the porch of St. James’s church, Mrs. Strange and Mr. Pugh whispered their congratulations to the new married couple, as they entered a prepared post-chaise; which, in a very few hours, galloped229 them to the obscure skirts of the then pathless, and nearly uninhabited, Chesington common; where Mr. Crisp had engaged for them a rural and fragrant230 retreat, at a small farm-house in a little hamlet, a mile or two from Chesington Hall.
The secret, as usual in matrimonial concealments, was faithfully preserved, for a certain time, by
[Pg 196]
scrupulous231 discretion in the parties, and watchful232 circumspection233 in the witnesses: but, as usual also, error and accident were soon at work to develop the transaction; and the loss of a letter, through some carelessness of conveyance234, revealed suddenly but irrevocably the state of the connexion.
This circumstance, however, though, at the time, cruelly distressing235, served ultimately but to hasten their own views; as the discovery was necessarily followed by the personal union for which their hands had been joined.
Mrs. Burney,—now no longer Mrs. Stephen Allen—came openly to town to inhabit, for a while, a house in Poland-street, a few doors from that of her husband; while alterations, paintings, and embellishments were progressively preparing the way for her better reception at his home.
The two families, however, awaited not the completion of these improvements for a junction210. The younger branches, who already, and from their birth, were well known to one another, were as eager as their parents for a general union; and the very amiable236 Miss Allen,[32] the most important personage in the juvenile group,
[Pg 197]
conducted herself upon the disclosure of the marriage, with a generous warmth of kindness that quickened the new establishment. And her example would forcibly have weighed with her deserving brother, Stephen Allen,[33] had such example been wanting; but he entertained so true and affectionate a respect for Mr. Burney, that he required neither duty nor influence to reconcile him to the match.
The four daughters of Mr. Burney,—Esther, Frances, Susan, and Charlotte,—were all earnest to contribute their small mites237 to the happiness of one of the most beloved of parents, by receiving, with the most respectful alacrity238, the lady on whom he had cast his future hopes of regaining239 domestic comfort.
The Paris scheme for the two daughters, who were to have followed the route of their sisters, long remitted240, from the fluctuating affairs and feelings of Mr. Burney, was now finally abandoned. The youngest daughter, Charlotte, was sent to a school in Norfolk. The second, Frances, was the only one of Mr. Burney’s family who never was placed in any seminary, and never was put under
[Pg 198]
any governess or instructor241 whatsoever242. Merely and literally243 self-educated, her sole emulation244 for improvement, and sole spur for exertion, were her unbounded veneration245 for the character, and affection for the person, of her father; who, nevertheless, had not, at the time, a moment to spare for giving her any personal lessons; or even for directing her pursuits.[34]
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revival
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| n.复兴，复苏，（精力、活力等的）重振 | |
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rev
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| v.发动机旋转，加快速度 | |
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intercourse
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| n.性交；交流，交往，交际 | |
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banished
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| v.放逐，驱逐( banish的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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innately
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| adv.天赋地；内在地，固有地 | |
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recurs
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| 再发生，复发( recur的第三人称单数 ) | |
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lone
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| adj.孤寂的，单独的；唯一的 | |
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faculties
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| n.能力( faculty的名词复数 )；全体教职员；技巧；院 | |
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genial
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| adj.亲切的，和蔼的，愉快的，脾气好的 | |
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confidential
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| adj.秘（机）密的，表示信任的，担任机密工作的 | |
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mutual
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| adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的 | |
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juvenile
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| n.青少年，少年读物；adj.青少年的，幼稚的 | |
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instinctively
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judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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obtrusively
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| adv.冒失地，莽撞地 | |
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mingle
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| vt.使混合，使相混；vi.混合起来；相交往 | |
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17
memoirs
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| n.回忆录；回忆录传( mem,自oir的名词复数) | |
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apprised
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| v.告知，通知( apprise的过去式和过去分词 )；评价 | |
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19
decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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20
recluse
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| n.隐居者 | |
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vicissitude
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| n.变化，变迁，荣枯，盛衰 | |
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amassed
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| v.积累，积聚( amass的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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23
solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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vivacity
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| n.快活，活泼，精神充沛 | |
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25
chapel
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| n.小教堂，殡仪馆 | |
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26
mellifluously
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| adj.声音甜美的，悦耳的 | |
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27
sublimity
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| 崇高，庄严，气质高尚 | |
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animated
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| adj.生气勃勃的，活跃的，愉快的 | |
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29
climax
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| n.顶点；高潮；v.(使)达到顶点 | |
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30
homage
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| n.尊敬，敬意，崇敬 | |
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31
electrifying
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| v.使电气化( electrify的现在分词 )；使兴奋 | |
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32
vividly
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| adv.清楚地，鲜明地，生动地 | |
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33
portrayed
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| v.画像( portray的过去式和过去分词 )；描述；描绘；描画 | |
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34
chaste
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| adj.贞洁的；有道德的；善良的；简朴的 | |
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35
tint
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| n.淡色，浅色；染发剂；vt.着以淡淡的颜色 | |
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36
requisite
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| adj.需要的，必不可少的；n.必需品 | |
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37
desultory
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| adj.散漫的，无方法的 | |
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38
distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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39
embellished
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| v.美化( embellish的过去式和过去分词 )；装饰；修饰；润色 | |
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40
countenance
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| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
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41
enjoyment
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| n.乐趣；享有；享用 | |
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42
wont
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| adj.习惯于；v.习惯；n.习惯 | |
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43
coterie
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| n.(有共同兴趣的)小团体，小圈子 | |
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44
postponed
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| vt.& vi.延期，缓办，（使）延迟vt.把…放在次要地位；[语]把…放在后面（或句尾）vi.（疟疾等）延缓发作（或复发） | |
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45
adverse
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| adj.不利的；有害的；敌对的，不友好的 | |
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46
exquisite
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| adj.精美的；敏锐的；剧烈的，感觉强烈的 | |
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47
catastrophe
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| n.大灾难，大祸 | |
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48
nay
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| adv.不；n.反对票，投反对票者 | |
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49
negligent
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| adj.疏忽的；玩忽的；粗心大意的 | |
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50
precipitate
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| adj.突如其来的；vt.使突然发生；n.沉淀物 | |
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51
zeal
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| n.热心，热情，热忱 | |
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52
zealous
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| adj.狂热的，热心的 | |
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53
sundry
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| adj.各式各样的，种种的 | |
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54
indefatigably
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| adv.不厌倦地，不屈不挠地 | |
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55
alterations
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| n.改动( alteration的名词复数 )；更改；变化；改变 | |
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56
serenity
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| n.宁静，沉着，晴朗 | |
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57
withering
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| 使人畏缩的，使人害羞的，使人难堪的 | |
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58
unwillingness
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| n. 不愿意，不情愿 | |
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59
theatrical
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| adj.剧场的，演戏的；做戏似的，做作的 | |
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60
celebrity
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| n.名人，名流；著名，名声，名望 | |
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61
retired
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| adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的 | |
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62
elegance
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| n.优雅；优美，雅致；精致，巧妙 | |
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63
metropolis
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| n.首府；大城市 | |
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64
allurements
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| n.诱惑( allurement的名词复数 )；吸引；诱惑物；有诱惑力的事物 | |
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65
delicacy
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| n.精致，细微，微妙，精良；美味，佳肴 | |
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66
implicate
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| vt.使牵连其中，涉嫌 | |
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67
discretion
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| n.谨慎；随意处理 | |
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68
distress
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| n.苦恼，痛苦，不舒适；不幸；vt.使悲痛 | |
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69
honourable
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| adj.可敬的；荣誉的，光荣的 | |
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70
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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71
favourable
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| adj.赞成的，称赞的，有利的，良好的，顺利的 | |
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72
enchanted
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| adj. 被施魔法的，陶醉的，入迷的 动词enchant的过去式和过去分词 | |
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73
expenditure
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| n.(时间、劳力、金钱等)支出；使用，消耗 | |
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74
prospect
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| n.前景，前途；景色，视野 | |
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75
frightful
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| adj.可怕的；讨厌的 | |
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76
extricated
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| v.使摆脱困难，脱身( extricate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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77
labyrinth
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| n.迷宫；难解的事物；迷路 | |
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78
premature
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| adj.比预期时间早的；不成熟的，仓促的 | |
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79
persecute
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| vt.迫害，虐待；纠缠，骚扰 | |
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80
pester
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| v.纠缠，强求 | |
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81
advancement
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| n.前进，促进，提升 | |
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82
immediate
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| adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的 | |
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83
fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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84
relinquishing
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| 交出，让给( relinquish的现在分词 )； 放弃 | |
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85
thither
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| adv.向那里；adj.在那边的，对岸的 | |
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86
appraiser
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| n.评价者，鉴定者，估价官 | |
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87
eminence
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| n.卓越，显赫；高地，高处；名家 | |
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88
rustic
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| adj.乡村的，有乡村特色的；n.乡下人，乡巴佬 | |
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89
desolate
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| adj.荒凉的，荒芜的；孤独的，凄凉的；v.使荒芜，使孤寂 | |
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90
mansion
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| n.大厦，大楼；宅第 | |
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91
cardinal
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| n.(天主教的)红衣主教；adj.首要的，基本的 | |
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92
hereditary
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| adj.遗传的，遗传性的，可继承的，世袭的 | |
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93
utterly
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| adv.完全地，绝对地 | |
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94
precisely
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| adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地 | |
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95
sojourn
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| v./n.旅居，寄居；逗留 | |
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96
secluding
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| v.使隔开，使隔绝，使隐退( seclude的现在分词 ) | |
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97
fugitive
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| adj.逃亡的，易逝的；n.逃犯，逃亡者 | |
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98
sanctuary
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| n.圣所，圣堂，寺庙；禁猎区，保护区 | |
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99
abode
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| n.住处，住所 | |
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100
determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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101
persuasion
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| n.劝说；说服；持有某种信仰的宗派 | |
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102
renovated
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| 翻新，修复，整修( renovate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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103
tranquillity
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| n. 平静, 安静 | |
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104
morbidly
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| adv.病态地 | |
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105
annihilated
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| v.（彻底）消灭( annihilate的过去式和过去分词 )；使无效；废止；彻底击溃 | |
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106
mundane
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| adj.平凡的；尘世的；宇宙的 | |
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107
dispense
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| vt.分配，分发；配(药)，发(药)；实施 | |
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108
dispensed
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| v.分配( dispense的过去式和过去分词 )；施与；配（药） | |
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109
virtues
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| 美德( virtue的名词复数 )； 德行； 优点； 长处 | |
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110
confided
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| v.吐露（秘密，心事等）( confide的过去式和过去分词 )；（向某人）吐露（隐私、秘密等） | |
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111
steadfastly
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| adv.踏实地，不变地；岿然；坚定不渝 | |
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112
withheld
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| withhold过去式及过去分词 | |
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113
peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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114
concealed
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| a.隐藏的，隐蔽的 | |
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115
delusive
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| adj.欺骗的，妄想的 | |
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116
perilous
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| adj.危险的，冒险的 | |
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117
disposition
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| n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署 | |
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118
venting
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| 消除； 泄去； 排去； 通风 | |
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119
wrath
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| n.愤怒，愤慨，暴怒 | |
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120
cavilling
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| n.（矿工的）工作地点抽签法v.挑剔，吹毛求疵( cavil的现在分词 ) | |
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121
bent
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| n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的 | |
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122
agitations
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| （液体等的）摇动( agitation的名词复数 )； 鼓动； 激烈争论； （情绪等的）纷乱 | |
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123
solicitudes
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| n.关心，挂念，渴望( solicitude的名词复数 ) | |
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124
shunned
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| v.避开，回避，避免( shun的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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125
pertinacious
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| adj.顽固的 | |
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126
dread
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| vt.担忧，忧虑；惧怕，不敢；n.担忧，畏惧 | |
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127
hovering
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| 鸟( hover的现在分词 )； 靠近（某事物）； （人）徘徊； 犹豫 | |
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128
deterioration
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| n.退化；恶化；变坏 | |
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129
exertion
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| n.尽力，努力 | |
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130
exertions
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| n.努力( exertion的名词复数 )；费力；（能力、权力等的）运用；行使 | |
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131
proceedings
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| n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报 | |
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132
depicts
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| 描绘，描画( depict的第三人称单数 )； 描述 | |
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133
celebrated
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| adj.有名的，声誉卓著的 | |
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134
esteem
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| n.尊敬，尊重；vt.尊重，敬重；把…看作 | |
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135
renowned
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| adj.著名的，有名望的，声誉鹊起的 | |
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136
skilfully
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| adv. (美skillfully)熟练地 | |
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137
inviting
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| adj.诱人的，引人注目的 | |
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138
sophistry
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| n.诡辩 | |
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139
repelling
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| v.击退( repel的现在分词 )；使厌恶；排斥；推开 | |
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140
prospects
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| n.希望，前途(恒为复数) | |
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141
severely
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| adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地 | |
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142
aggravating
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| adj.恼人的，讨厌的 | |
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143
permanently
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| adv.永恒地，永久地，固定不变地 | |
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144
elastic
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| n.橡皮圈，松紧带；adj.有弹性的；灵活的 | |
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145
procured
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| v.（努力）取得， （设法）获得( procure的过去式和过去分词 )；拉皮条 | |
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146
vacancy
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| n.（旅馆的）空位，空房，（职务的）空缺 | |
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147
grievance
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| n.怨愤，气恼，委屈 | |
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148
warp
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| vt.弄歪，使翘曲，使不正常，歪曲，使有偏见 | |
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149
luminous
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| adj.发光的，发亮的；光明的；明白易懂的；有启发的 | |
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150
breach
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| n.违反，不履行；破裂；vt.冲破，攻破 | |
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151
statutes
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| 成文法( statute的名词复数 )； 法令； 法规； 章程 | |
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152
imbibed
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| v.吸收( imbibe的过去式和过去分词 )；喝；吸取；吸气 | |
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153
benevolent
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| adj.仁慈的，乐善好施的 | |
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154
nomination
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| n.提名，任命，提名权 | |
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155
applicant
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| n.申请人，求职者，请求者 | |
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156
interfered
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| v.干预( interfere的过去式和过去分词 )；调停；妨碍；干涉 | |
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157
spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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158
humble
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| adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低 | |
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159
brewer
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| n. 啤酒制造者 | |
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160
reclamation
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| n.开垦；改造；（废料等的）回收 | |
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161
refreshing
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| adj.使精神振作的，使人清爽的，使人喜欢的 | |
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162
stimulating
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| adj.有启发性的，能激发人思考的 | |
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163
amenity
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| n.pl.生活福利设施，文娱康乐场所；（不可数）愉快，适意 | |
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164
softened
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| （使）变软( soften的过去式和过去分词 )； 缓解打击； 缓和； 安慰 | |
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165
infliction
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| n.（强加于人身的）痛苦，刑罚 | |
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166
manly
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| adj.有男子气概的；adv.男子般地，果断地 | |
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167
awaken
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| vi.醒，觉醒；vt.唤醒，使觉醒，唤起，激起 | |
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168
fortify
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| v.强化防御，为…设防；加强，强化 | |
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169
mortification
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| n.耻辱，屈辱 | |
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170
mingling
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| adj.混合的 | |
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171
toils
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| 网 | |
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172
participation
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| n.参与，参加，分享 | |
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173
eldest
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| adj.最年长的，最年老的 | |
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174
conjugal
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| adj.婚姻的，婚姻性的 | |
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175
chasm
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| n.深坑，断层，裂口，大分岐，利害冲突 | |
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176
applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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177
worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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178
esteemed
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| adj.受人尊敬的v.尊敬( esteem的过去式和过去分词 )；敬重；认为；以为 | |
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179
affinity
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| n.亲和力，密切关系 | |
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180
liberated
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| a.无拘束的，放纵的 | |
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181
admiration
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| n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕 | |
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182
commiseration
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| n.怜悯，同情 | |
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183
penetrated
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| adj. 击穿的，鞭辟入里的 动词penetrate的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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184
solaced
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| v.安慰，慰藉( solace的过去分词 ) | |
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185
mazes
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| 迷宫( maze的名词复数 )； 纷繁复杂的规则； 复杂难懂的细节； 迷宫图 | |
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186
soothing
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| adj.慰藉的；使人宽心的；镇静的 | |
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187
devout
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| adj.虔诚的，虔敬的，衷心的 (n.devoutness) | |
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188
benevolence
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| n.慈悲，捐助 | |
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189
ingratitude
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| n.忘恩负义 | |
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190
sincerity
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| n.真诚，诚意；真实 | |
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191
pristine
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| adj.原来的，古时的，原始的，纯净的，无垢的 | |
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192
connubial
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| adj.婚姻的，夫妇的 | |
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193
abhorrence
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| n.憎恶；可憎恶的事 | |
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194
stigma
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| n.耻辱，污名；(花的)柱头 | |
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195
rites
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| 仪式，典礼( rite的名词复数 ) | |
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196
inauguration
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| n.开幕、就职典礼 | |
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197
standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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198
hypocrisy
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| n.伪善，虚伪 | |
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199
motives
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| n.动机，目的( motive的名词复数 ) | |
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200
evade
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| vt.逃避，回避；避开，躲避 | |
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201
fathom
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| v.领悟，彻底了解 | |
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202
decrepitude
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| n.衰老；破旧 | |
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203
lamented
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| adj.被哀悼的，令人遗憾的v.（为…）哀悼，痛哭，悲伤( lament的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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204
attainable
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| a.可达到的，可获得的 | |
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205
disinterestedness
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206
miserable
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| adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的 | |
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207
consolation
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| n.安慰，慰问 | |
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208
maternally
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209
benediction
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| n.祝福；恩赐 | |
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210
junction
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| n.连接，接合；交叉点，接合处，枢纽站 | |
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211
ardent
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| adj.热情的，热烈的，强烈的，烈性的 | |
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212
recoiled
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| v.畏缩( recoil的过去式和过去分词 )；退缩；报应；返回 | |
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213
anodyne
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| n.解除痛苦的东西，止痛剂 | |
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214
vows
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| 誓言( vow的名词复数 )； 郑重宣布，许愿 | |
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215
affluence
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| n.充裕，富足 | |
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216
scruples
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| n.良心上的不安( scruple的名词复数 )；顾虑，顾忌v.感到于心不安，有顾忌( scruple的第三人称单数 ) | |
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217
captious
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| adj.难讨好的，吹毛求疵的 | |
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218
entreated
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| 恳求，乞求( entreat的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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219
avert
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| v.防止，避免；转移(目光、注意力等) | |
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220
promising
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| adj.有希望的，有前途的 | |
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221
subdue
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| vt.制服，使顺从，征服；抑制，克制 | |
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222
counteract
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| vt.对…起反作用，对抗，抵消 | |
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223
compliance
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| n.顺从；服从；附和；屈从 | |
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224
secrecy
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| n.秘密，保密，隐蔽 | |
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225
inevitably
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| adv.不可避免地；必然发生地 | |
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226
binds
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| v.约束( bind的第三人称单数 )；装订；捆绑；（用长布条）缠绕 | |
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227
reciprocated
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| v.报答，酬答( reciprocate的过去式和过去分词 )；（机器的部件）直线往复运动 | |
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228
captivity
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| n.囚禁；被俘；束缚 | |
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229
galloped
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| （使马）飞奔，奔驰( gallop的过去式和过去分词 )； 快速做[说]某事 | |
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230
fragrant
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| adj.芬香的，馥郁的，愉快的 | |
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231
scrupulous
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| adj.审慎的，小心翼翼的，完全的，纯粹的 | |
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232
watchful
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| adj.注意的，警惕的 | |
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233
circumspection
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| n.细心，慎重 | |
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234
conveyance
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| n.(不动产等的)转让，让与；转让证书；传送；运送；表达；（正）运输工具 | |
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235
distressing
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| a.使人痛苦的 | |
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236
amiable
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| adj.和蔼可亲的，友善的，亲切的 | |
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237
mites
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| n.（尤指令人怜悯的）小孩( mite的名词复数 )；一点点；一文钱；螨 | |
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238
alacrity
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| n.敏捷，轻快，乐意 | |
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239
regaining
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| 复得( regain的现在分词 )； 赢回； 重回； 复至某地 | |
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240
remitted
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| v.免除（债务），宽恕( remit的过去式和过去分词 )；使某事缓和；寄回，传送 | |
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241
instructor
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| n.指导者，教员，教练 | |
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242
whatsoever
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| adv.（用于否定句中以加强语气）任何；pron.无论什么 | |
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243
literally
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| adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实 | |
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244
emulation
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| n.竞争；仿效 | |
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245
veneration
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| n.尊敬，崇拜 | |
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