"Not wholly. Time has improved the first crude instrument," Mr. Hazen replied. "The initial principle of the telephone, however, has never varied2 from Mr. Bell's primary idea. Before young Watson tumbled into bed on that epoch-making night, he had finished the instrument Bell had asked him to have ready, every part of it being made by the eager assistant who probably only faintly realized the mammoth3 importance of his task. Yet whether he realized it or not, he had caught a sufficient degree of the inventor's excitement to urge him forward. Over one of the receivers, as Mr. Bell directed, he mounted a small drumhead of goldbeater's skin, joined the center of it to the free end of the receiver spring, and arranged a mouthpiece to talk into. The plan was to force the steel spring to answer the vibrations4 of the voice and at the same time generate a current of electricity that should vary in intensity6 just as the air varies in density7 during the utterance8 of speech sounds. Not only did Watson make this instrument as specified9, but in his interest he went even farther, and as the rooms in the loft10 seemed too near together, the tireless young man ran a special wire from the attic11 down the two flights of stairs to the ground floor of the shop and ended it near his workbench at the rear of the building, thus constructing the first telephone line in history.
"Then the next day Mr. Bell came to test out his invention and, as you can imagine, there was great excitement."
"I hope it worked," put in Laurie.
"It worked all right although at this early stage of the game it was hardly to be expected that the instrument produced was perfect. Nevertheless, the demonstration12 proved that the principle behind it was sound and that was all Mr. Bell really wanted to make sure of. Watson, as it chanced, got far more out of this initial performance than did Mr. Bell himself for because of the inventor's practical work in phonics the vibrations of his voice carried more successfully than did those of the assistant. Yet the youthful Watson was not without his compensations. Nature had blessed him with unusually acute hearing and as a result he could catch Bell's tones perfectly13 as they came over the wire and could almost distinguish his words; but shout as he would, poor Mr. Bell could not hear him. This dilemma14 nevertheless discouraged neither of them for Watson had plenty of energy and was quite willing to leap up the two flights of stairs and repeat what he had heard; and this report greatly reassured15 Mr. Bell, who outlined a list of other improvements for another telephone that should be ready on the following day."
"I suppose they kept remodelling16 the telephones all the time after that, didn't they?" inquired Ted.
"You may be sure they did," was Mr. Hazen's response. "The harmonic telegraph was entirely17 sidetracked and the interest of both men turned into this newer channel. Mr. Bell, in the meantime, was giving less and less energy to his teaching and more and more to his inventing. Before many days the two could talk back and forth18 and hear one another's voices without difficulty, although ten full months of hard work was necessary before they were able to understand what was said. It was not until after this long stretch of patient toil19 that Watson unmistakably heard Mr. Bell say one day, 'Mr. Watson, please come here, I want you.' The message was a very ordinary, untheatrical one for a moment so significant but neither of the enthusiasts20 heeded21 that. The thrilling fact was that the words had come clear-cut over the wire."
"It certainly must have been a dramatic moment," Mr. Hazen agreed. "Mr. Bell, now convinced beyond all doubt of the value of his idea, hired two rooms at a cheap boarding-house situated23 at Number 5 Exeter Place, Boston. In one of these he slept and in the other he equipped a laboratory. Watson connected these rooms by a wire and afterward24 all Mr. Bell's experimenting was done here instead of at the Williams's shop. It was at the Exeter Place rooms that this first wonderful message came to Watson's ears. From this period on the telephone took rapid strides forward. By the summer of 1876, it had been improved until a simple sentence was understandable if carefully repeated three or four times."
The tutor smiled at the boy's incredulousness.
"You forget we are not dealing26 with a finished product," said he gently. "I am a little afraid you would have been less patient with the imperfections of an infant invention than were Bell and Watson."
"I know I should," was the honest retort.
"The telephone was a very delicate instrument to perfect," explained Mr. Hazen. "Always remember that. An inventor must not only be a man who has unshaken faith in his idea but he must also have the courage to cling stubbornly to his belief through every sort of mechanical vicissitude27. This Mr. Bell did. June of 1876 was the year of the great Centennial at Philadelphia, the year that marked the first century of our country's progress. As the exhibition was to be one symbolic28 of our national development in every line, Mr. Bell decided29 to show his telephone there; to this end he set Watson, who was still at the Williams's shop, to making exhibition telephones of the two varieties they had thus far worked out."
"I fancy he was and certainly he had a right to be," answered Mr. Hazen. "I have always been glad, too, that it fell to his lot to have this honor; for he had worked long and faithfully, and if there were glory to be had, he should share it. To his unflagging zeal32 and intelligence Mr. Bell owed a great deal. Few men could so whole-heartedly have effaced33 their own personality and thrown themselves with such zest34 into the success of another as did Thomas Watson."
The tutor paused.
"Up to this time," he presently went on, "the telephones used by Bell and Watson in their experiments had been very crude affairs; but those designed for the Centennial were glorified35 objects. Watson says that you could see your face in them. The Williams's shop outdid itself and more splendid instruments never went forth from its doors. You can therefore imagine Watson's chagrin36 when, after highly commending Mr. Bell's invention, Sir William Thompson added, 'This, perhaps, greatest marvel37 hitherto achieved by electric telegraph has been obtained by appliances of quite a homespun and rudimentary character.'"
Both Ted and Laurie joined in the laughter of the tutor.
"And now the telephone was actually launched?" Ted asked.
"Well, it was not really in clear waters," Mr. Hazen replied, with a dubious38 shrug39 of his shoulders, "but at least there was no further question as to which of his schemes Mr. Bell should perfect. Both Mr. Hubbard and Mr. Saunders, who were assisting him financially, agreed that for the present it must be the telephone; and recognizing the value of Watson's services, they offered him an interest in Mr. Bell's patents if he would give up his work at Williams's shop and put in all his time on this device. Nevertheless they did not entirely abandon the harmonic telegraph for Bell's success with the other invention had only served to strengthen their confidence in his ability and genius. It was also decided that Mr. Bell should move from Salem to Boston, take an additional room at the Exeter Place house (which would give him the entire floor where his laboratory was), and unhampered by further teaching plunge40 into the inventive career for which heaven had so richly endowed him and which he loved with all his heart. You can picture to yourselves the joy these decisions gave him and the eagerness with which he and Watson took up their labors41 together.
"They made telephones of every imaginable size in their attempts to find out whether there was anything that would work more satisfactorily than the type they now had. But in spite of their many experiments they came back to the kind of instrument with which they had started, discovering nothing that was superior to their original plan. Except that they compelled the transmitter to do double duty and act also as a receiver, the telephone that emerged from these many tests was practically similar in principle to the one of to-day."
"Had they made any long-distance trials up to this time?" questioned Laurie.
"No," Mr. Hazen admitted. "They had lacked opportunity to make such tests since no great span of wires was accessible to them. But on October 9, 1876, the Walworth Manufacturing Company gave them permission to try out their device on the Company's private telegraph line that ran from Boston to Cambridge. The distance to be sure was only two miles but it might as well have been two thousand so far as the excitement of the two workers went. Their baby had never been out of doors. Now at last it was to take the air! Fancy how thrilling the prospect42 was! As the wire over which they were to make the experiment was in use during the day, they were forced to wait until the plant was closed for the night. Then Watson, with his tools and his telephone under his arm, went to the Cambridge office where he impatiently listened for Mr. Bell's signal to come over the Morse sounder. When he had heard this and thereby43 made certain that Bell was at the other end of the line, he cut out the sounder, connected the telephone he had brought with him, and put his ear to the transmitter."
The hut was so still one could almost hear the breathing of the lads, who were listening intently.
"Go on!" Laurie said quickly. "Tell us what happened."
"Nothing happened!" answered the tutor. "Watson listened but there was not a sound."
"Great Scott!"
"The poor assistant was aghast," went on Mr. Hazen. "He was at a complete loss to understand what was the matter. Could it be that the contrivance which worked so promisingly44 in the Boston rooms would not work under these other conditions? Perhaps an electric current was too delicate a thing to carry sound very far. Or was it that the force of the vibration5 filtered off at each insulator45 along the line until it became too feeble to be heard? All these possibilities flashed into Watson's mind while at his post two miles away from Mr. Bell he struggled to readjust the instrument. Then suddenly an inspiration came to his alert brain. Might there not be another Morse sounder somewhere about? If there were, that would account for the whole difficulty. Springing up, he began to search the room and after following the wires, sure enough, he traced them to a relay with a high resistance coil in the circuit. Feverishly46 he cut this out and rushed back to his telephone. Plainly over the wire came Bell's voice, 'Ahoy! Ahoy!' For a few seconds both of them were too delighted to say much of anything else. Then they sobered down and began this first long-distance conversation. Now one of the objections Mr. Bell had constantly been forced to meet from the skeptical47 public was that while the telegraph delivered messages that were of unchallenged accuracy telephone conversations were liable to errors of misunderstanding. One could not therefore rely so completely on the trustworthiness of the latter as on that of the former. To refute this charge Mr. Bell had insisted that both he and Watson carefully write out whatever they heard that the two records might afterward be compared and verified. 'That is,' Mr. Bell had added with the flicker49 of a smile, 'if we succeed in talking at all!' Well, they did succeed, as you have heard. At first they held only a stilted50 dialogue and conscientiously51 jotted52 it down; but afterward their exuberance53 got the better of them and in sheer joy they chattered54 away like magpies55 until long past midnight. Then, loath56 to destroy the connection, Watson detached his telephone, replaced the Company's wires, and set out for Boston. In the meantime Mr. Bell, who had previously57 made an arrangement with the Boston Advertiser to publish on the following morning an account of the experiment, together with the recorded conversations, had gone to the newspaper office to carry his material to the press. Hence he was not at the Exeter Place rooms when the jubilant Watson arrived. But the early morning hour did not daunt58 the young electrician; and when, after some delay, Mr. Bell came in, the two men rushed toward one another and regardless of everything else executed what Mr. Watson has since characterized as a war dance. Certainly they were quite justified59 in their rejoicings and perhaps if their landlady60 had understood the cause of their exultations she might have joined in the dance herself. Unluckily she had only a scant61 sympathy with inventive genius and since the victory celebration not only aroused her, but also wakened most of her boarders from their slumbers62, her ire was great and the next morning she informed the two men that if they could not be more quiet at night they would have to leave her house."
"If she had known what she was sheltering, I suppose she would have been proud as a peacock and promptly65 told all her neighbors," grinned Ted.
"Undoubtedly66! But she did not know, poor soul!" returned Mr. Hazen.
"After this Mr. Bell and Mr. Watson must have shot ahead by leaps and bounds," commented Laurie.
"There is no denying that that two-mile test did give them both courage and assurance," responded the tutor. "They got chances to try out the invention on longer telegraph wires; and in spite of the fact that no such thing as hard-drawn copper67 wire was in existence they managed to get results even over rusty68 wires with their unsoldered joinings. Through such experiments an increasingly wider circle of outside persons heard of the telephone and the marvel began to attract greater attention. Mr. Bell's modest little laboratory became the mecca of scientists and visitors of every imaginable type. Moses G. Farmer, well known in the electrical world, came to view the wonder and confessed to Mr. Bell that more than once he had lingered on the threshold of the same mighty31 discovery but had never been able to step across it into success. It amused both Mr. Bell and Mr. Watson to see how embarrassed persons were when allowed to talk over the wire. Standing48 up and speaking into a box has long since become too much a matter of course with us to appear ridiculous; but those experiencing the novelty for the first time were so overwhelmed by self-consciousness that they could think of nothing to say. One day when Mr. Watson called from his end of the line, 'How do you do?' a dignified70 lawyer who was trying the instrument answered with a foolish giggle71, 'Rig-a-jig-jig and away we go!' The psychological reaction was too much for many a well-poised individual and I do not wonder it was, do you?"
"It must have been almost as good as a vaudeville72 show to watch the people," commented Ted.
"Better! Lots better!" echoed Laurie.
"In April, 1877, the first out-of-door telephone line running on its own private wires was installed in the shop of Charles Williams at Number 109 Court Street and carried from there out to his house at Somerville. Quite a little ceremony marked the event. Both Mr. Bell and Mr. Watson attended the christening and the papers chronicled the circumstance in bold headlines the following day. Immediately patrons who wanted telephones began to pop up right and left like so many mushrooms. But alas73, where was the money to come from that should enable Mr. Bell and his associates to branch out and grasp the opportunities that now beckoned74 them? The inventor's own resources were at a low ebb75; Watson, like many another young man, had more brains than fortune; and neither Mr. Hubbard nor Mr. Saunders felt they could provide the necessary capital. Already the Western union had refused Mr. Hubbard's offer to sell all Mr. Bell's patents for one hundred thousand dollars, the Company feeling that the price asked was much too high. Two years later, however, they would willingly have paid twenty-five million dollars for the privilege they had so summarily scorned. What was to be done? Money must be secured for without it all further progress was at a standstill. Was success to be sacrificed now that the goal was well within sight? And must the telephone be shut away from the public and never take its place of service in the great world? Why, if a thing was not to be used it might almost as well never have been invented! The spirits of the telephone pioneers sank lower and lower. The only way to raise money seemed to be to sell the telephone instruments outright76 and this Mr. Bell, who desired simply to lease them, was unwilling77 to do. Then an avenue of escape from this dilemma presented itself to him."
"What was it?" asked Laurie.
"He would give lectures, accompanying them with practical demonstrations78 of the telephone. This would bring in money and banish79 for a time, at least, the possibility of having to sell instead of rent telephones. The plan succeeded admirably. The first lecture was given at Salem where, because of Mr. Bell's previous residence and many friends, a large audience packed the hall. Then Boston desired to know more of the invention and an appeal for a lecture signed by Longfellow, Oliver Wendell Holmes, and other distinguished80 citizens was forwarded to Mr. Bell. The Boston lectures were followed by others in New York, Providence81, and the principal cities throughout New England."
"It seems a shame Mr. Bell should have had to take his time to do that, doesn't it?" mused69 Ted. "How did they manage the lectures?"
"The lectures had a checkered82 existence," smiled Mr. Hazen. "Many very amusing incidents centered about them. Were I to talk until doomsday I could not begin to tell you the multitudinous adventures Mr. Bell and Mr. Watson had during their platform career; for although Mr. Watson was never really before the footlights as Mr. Bell was, he was an indispensable part of the show,—the power behind the scenes, the man at the other end of the wire, who furnished the lecture hall with such stunts83 as would not only convince an audience but also entertain them. It was a dull, thankless position, perhaps, to be so far removed from the excitement and glamor84, to be always playing or singing into a little wooden box and never catching85 a glimpse of the fun that was going on at the other end of the line; but since Mr. Watson was a rather shy person it is possible he was quite as well pleased. After all, it was Mr. Bell whom everybody wanted to see and of course Mr. Watson understood this. Therefore he was quite content to act his modest rôle and not only gather together at his end of the wire cornet soloists87, electric organs, brass88 bands, or whatever startling novelties the occasion demanded, but talk or sing himself. The shyest of men can sometimes out-Herod Herod if not obliged to face their listeners in person. As Watson had spoken so much over the telephone, he was thoroughly89 accustomed to it and played the parts assigned him far better than more gifted but less practically trained soloists did. It always amused him intensely after he had bellowed90 Pull for the Shore, Hold the Fort or Yankee Doodle into the transmitter to hear the applause that followed his efforts. Probably singing before a large company was about the last thing Tom Watson expected his electrical career would lead him into. Had he been told that such a fate awaited him, he would doubtless have jeered91 at the prophecy. But here he was, singing away with all his lung power, before a great hall full of people and not minding it in the least; nay92, I rather think he may have enjoyed it. Once, desiring to give a finer touch than usual to the entertainment, Mr. Bell hired a professional singer; but this soloist86 had never used a telephone and although he possessed93 the art of singing he was not able to get it across the wire. No one in the lecture hall could hear him. Mr. Bell promptly summoned Watson (who was doubtless congratulating himself on being off duty) to render Hold the Fort in his customary lusty fashion. After this Mr. Watson became the star soloist and no more singers were engaged."
"Ironically enough, as Mr. Watson's work kept him always in the background furnishing the features of these entertainments, he never himself heard Mr. Bell lecture. He says, however, that the great inventor was a very polished, magnetic speaker who never failed to secure and hold the attention of his hearers. Of course, every venture has its trials and these lecture tours were no exception to the general rule. Once, for example, the Northern Lights were responsible for demoralizing the current and spoiling a telephone demonstration at Lawrence; and although both Watson and a cornetist strained their lungs to bursting, neither of them could be heard at the hall. Then the sparks began to play over the wires and the show had to be called off. Nevertheless such disasters occurred seldom, and for the most part the performances went smoothly95, the people were delighted, and Mr. Bell increased not only his fame but his fortune."
Mr. Hazen stopped a moment.
"You must not for an instant suppose," he resumed presently, "that the telephone was a perfected product. Transmitters of sufficient delicacy96 to do away with shouting and screaming had not yet made their appearance and in consequence when one telephoned all the world knew it; it was not until the Blake transmitter came into use that a telephone conversation could be to any extent confidential97. In its present state, the longer the range the more lung power was demanded; and probably had not this been the condition, people would have shouted anyway, simply from instinct. Even with our own delicately adjusted instruments we are prone98 to forget and commit this folly99. But in the early days one was forced to uplift his voice at the telephone and if he had no voice to uplift woe100 betide his telephoning. And apropos101 of this matter, I recall reading that once, when Mr. Bell was to lecture in New York, he thought what a drawing card it would be if he could have his music and other features of entertainment come from Boston. Therefore he arranged to use the wires of the Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph Company and to this end he and Watson planned a dress rehearsal102 at midnight in order to try out the inspiration. Now it chanced that the same inflexible103 landlady ruled at Number 5 Exeter Place, and remembering his former experience, Mr. Watson felt something must be done to stifle104 the shouting he foresaw he would be compelled to do at that nocturnal hour. So he gathered together all the blankets and rolled them into a sort of cone105 and to the small end of this he tied his telephone. Then he crept into this stuffy106, breathless shelter, the ancestor of our sound-proof telephone booth, and for nearly three hours shouted to Mr. Bell in New York—or tried to. But the experiment was not a success. He could be heard, it is true, but not distinctly enough to risk such an unsatisfactory demonstration before an uninitiated audience. Hence the scheme was abandoned and Mr. Watson scrambled107 his things together and betook himself to a point nearer the center of action."
"It must all have been great fun, mustn't it?" said Laurie thoughtfully.
"Great fun, no doubt, but very hard work," was the tutor's answer. "Many a long, discouraging hour was yet to follow before the telephone became a factor in the everyday world. Yet each step of the climb to success had its sunlight as well as its shadow, its humor as well as its pathos108; and it was fortunate both men appreciated this fact for it floated them over many a rough sea. Man can spare almost any other attribute better than his sense of humor. Without this touchstone he is ill equipped to battle with life," concluded Mr. Hazen whimsically.
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1
ted
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| vt.翻晒，撒，撒开 | |
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varied
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| adj.多样的，多变化的 | |
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mammoth
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| n.长毛象；adj.长毛象似的，巨大的 | |
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vibrations
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| n.摆动( vibration的名词复数 )；震动；感受；（偏离平衡位置的）一次性往复振动 | |
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vibration
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| n.颤动，振动；摆动 | |
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intensity
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| n.强烈，剧烈；强度；烈度 | |
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density
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| n.密集，密度，浓度 | |
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utterance
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| n.用言语表达，话语，言语 | |
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specified
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| adj.特定的 | |
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loft
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| n.阁楼，顶楼 | |
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attic
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| n.顶楼，屋顶室 | |
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demonstration
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| n.表明，示范，论证，示威 | |
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perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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dilemma
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| n.困境，进退两难的局面 | |
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reassured
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| adj.使消除疑虑的；使放心的v.再保证，恢复信心( reassure的过去式和过去分词) | |
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remodelling
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| v.改变…的结构[形状]( remodel的现在分词 ) | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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toil
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| vi.辛劳工作，艰难地行动；n.苦工，难事 | |
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enthusiasts
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| n.热心人，热衷者( enthusiast的名词复数 ) | |
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heeded
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| v.听某人的劝告，听从( heed的过去式和过去分词 )；变平，使（某物）变平( flatten的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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gee
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| n.马；int.向右！前进！，惊讶时所发声音；v.向右转 | |
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situated
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| adj.坐落在...的，处于某种境地的 | |
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afterward
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| adv.后来；以后 | |
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gasped
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dealing
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| n.经商方法，待人态度 | |
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vicissitude
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| n.变化，变迁，荣枯，盛衰 | |
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symbolic
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| adj.象征性的，符号的，象征主义的 | |
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decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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almighty
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| adj.全能的，万能的；很大的，很强的 | |
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mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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zeal
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| n.热心，热情，热忱 | |
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effaced
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| v.擦掉( efface的过去式和过去分词 )；抹去；超越；使黯然失色 | |
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zest
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| n.乐趣；滋味，风味；兴趣 | |
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glorified
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| 美其名的，变荣耀的 | |
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chagrin
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| n.懊恼；气愤；委屈 | |
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marvel
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| vi.(at)惊叹vt.感到惊异；n.令人惊异的事 | |
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dubious
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| adj.怀疑的，无把握的；有问题的，靠不住的 | |
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shrug
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| v.耸肩(表示怀疑、冷漠、不知等) | |
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plunge
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| v.跳入，(使)投入，(使)陷入；猛冲 | |
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labors
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| v.努力争取(for)( labor的第三人称单数 )；苦干；详细分析；（指引擎）缓慢而困难地运转 | |
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prospect
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| n.前景，前途；景色，视野 | |
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thereby
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| adv.因此，从而 | |
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promisingly
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| （通常只是开头）给人以希望地，良好地 | |
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insulator
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| n.隔离者；绝缘体 | |
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feverishly
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| adv. 兴奋地 | |
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skeptical
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| adj.怀疑的，多疑的 | |
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standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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flicker
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| vi./n.闪烁，摇曳，闪现 | |
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50
stilted
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| adj.虚饰的；夸张的 | |
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conscientiously
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| adv.凭良心地；认真地，负责尽职地；老老实实 | |
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jotted
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| v.匆忙记下( jot的过去式和过去分词 )；草草记下，匆匆记下 | |
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exuberance
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| n.丰富；繁荣 | |
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54
chattered
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| （人）喋喋不休( chatter的过去式 )； 唠叨； （牙齿）打战； （机器）震颤 | |
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magpies
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| 喜鹊（magpie的复数形式） | |
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loath
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| adj.不愿意的；勉强的 | |
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previously
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| adv.以前，先前（地） | |
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58
daunt
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| vt.使胆怯，使气馁 | |
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justified
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| a.正当的，有理的 | |
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60
landlady
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| n.女房东，女地主 | |
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scant
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| adj.不充分的，不足的；v.减缩，限制，忽略 | |
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slumbers
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| 睡眠，安眠( slumber的名词复数 ) | |
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appreciative
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| adj.有鉴赏力的，有眼力的；感激的 | |
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chuckle
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| vi.／n.轻声笑，咯咯笑 | |
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promptly
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| adv.及时地，敏捷地 | |
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undoubtedly
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| adv.确实地，无疑地 | |
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copper
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| n.铜；铜币；铜器；adj.铜(制)的；(紫)铜色的 | |
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rusty
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| adj.生锈的；锈色的；荒废了的 | |
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mused
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| v.沉思，冥想( muse的过去式和过去分词 )；沉思自语说（某事） | |
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dignified
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| a.可敬的，高贵的 | |
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giggle
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| n.痴笑，咯咯地笑；v.咯咯地笑着说 | |
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vaudeville
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| n.歌舞杂耍表演 | |
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alas
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| int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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beckoned
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| v.（用头或手的动作）示意，召唤( beckon的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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ebb
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| vi.衰退，减退；n.处于低潮，处于衰退状态 | |
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outright
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| adv.坦率地；彻底地；立即；adj.无疑的；彻底的 | |
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unwilling
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| adj.不情愿的 | |
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demonstrations
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| 证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威 | |
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banish
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| vt.放逐，驱逐；消除，排除 | |
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distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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providence
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| n.深谋远虑，天道，天意；远见；节约；上帝 | |
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checkered
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| adj.有方格图案的 | |
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stunts
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| n.惊人的表演( stunt的名词复数 )；（广告中）引人注目的花招；愚蠢行为；危险举动v.阻碍…发育[生长]，抑制，妨碍( stunt的第三人称单数 ) | |
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glamor
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| n.魅力，吸引力 | |
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catching
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| adj.易传染的，有魅力的，迷人的，接住 | |
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soloist
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| n.独奏者，独唱者 | |
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soloists
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| n.独唱者，独奏者，单飞者( soloist的名词复数 ) | |
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brass
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| n.黄铜；黄铜器，铜管乐器 | |
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thoroughly
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| adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地 | |
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bellowed
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| v.发出吼叫声，咆哮（尤指因痛苦）( bellow的过去式和过去分词 )；（愤怒地）说出（某事），大叫 | |
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jeered
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| v.嘲笑( jeer的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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nay
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| adv.不；n.反对票，投反对票者 | |
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possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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ripple
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| n.涟波，涟漪，波纹，粗钢梳；vt.使...起涟漪，使起波纹； vi.呈波浪状，起伏前进 | |
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smoothly
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| adv.平滑地，顺利地，流利地，流畅地 | |
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delicacy
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| n.精致，细微，微妙，精良；美味，佳肴 | |
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confidential
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| adj.秘（机）密的，表示信任的，担任机密工作的 | |
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prone
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| adj.(to)易于…的，很可能…的；俯卧的 | |
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99
folly
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| n.愚笨，愚蠢，蠢事，蠢行，傻话 | |
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woe
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| n.悲哀，苦痛，不幸，困难；int.用来表达悲伤或惊慌 | |
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apropos
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| adv.恰好地；adj.恰当的；关于 | |
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102
rehearsal
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| n.排练，排演；练习 | |
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103
inflexible
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| adj.不可改变的，不受影响的，不屈服的 | |
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104
stifle
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| vt.使窒息；闷死；扼杀；抑止，阻止 | |
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105
cone
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| n.圆锥体，圆锥形东西，球果 | |
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106
stuffy
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| adj.不透气的，闷热的 | |
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107
scrambled
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| v.快速爬行( scramble的过去式和过去分词 )；攀登；争夺；（军事飞机）紧急起飞 | |
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108
pathos
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| n.哀婉，悲怆 | |
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