In September it was time to see the Doctoragain: I drove out to the Remobilization Farm one morning during the first week of the month. Because the weather was fine, a number of the Doctor's other patients, quite old men and women, were taking the air, seated in their wheel chairs or in the ancient cane1 chairs all along the porch. As usual, they greeted me a little suspiciously with their eyes; visitors of any sort, but particularly of my age, were rare at the farm, and were not welcomed cordially. Ignoring their stony2 glances, I went inside to pay my respects to Mrs. Dockey, the receptionist-nurse. I found her in consultation3 with the Doctor himself.
"Good day, Horner," the Doctor beamed.
"Good morning, sir. Good morning, Mrs. Dockey."
That large, masculine woman nodded shortly without speaking -- her custom -- and the Doctor told me to wait for him in the Progress and Advice Room, which, along with the dining room, the kitchen, the reception room, the bathroom, and the Treatment Room constituted the first floor of the old frame house. Upstairs the partitions between the original bedrooms had been removed to form two dormitories, one for the men and one for the women. The Doctor had his own small bedroom upstairs too, and there were two bathrooms. I did not know at the time where Mrs. Dockey slept, or whether she slept at the farm at all. She was a most uncommunicative woman.
I had first met the Doctor quite by chance -- a rather fortunate chance -- on the morning of March 17, 1951, in what passes for the grand concourse of the Pennsylvania Railroad Station in Baltimore. It happened to be the day after my twenty-eighth birthday, and I was sitting on one of the benches in the station with my suitcase beside me. I was in an unusual condition: I couldn't move. On the previous day I had checked out of my room in the Bradford Apartment Hotel, an establishment on St. Paul and Thirty-third streets owned by the Johns Hopkins University. I had roomed there since September of the year before, when, halfheartedly, I matriculated as a graduate student at the university and began work on the degree that I was scheduled to complete the following June.
But on March 16, my birthday, with my oral examination passed but my master's thesis not even begun, I packed my suitcase and left the room to take a trip somewhere. Because I have learned to be not much interested in causes and biographies, I shall ascribe this romantic move to simple birthday despondency, a phenomenon sufficiently5 familiar to enough people so that I need not explain it further. Birthday despondency, let us say, had reminded me that I had no self-convincing reason for continuing for a moment longer to do any of the things that I happened to be doing with myself as of seven o'clock in the evening of March 16, 1951. I had thirty dollars and some change in my pocket: when my suitcase was filled I hailed a taxi, went to Pennsylvania Station, and stood in the ticket line.
"Yes?" said the ticket agent when my turn came.
"Ah -- this will sound theatrical6 to you," I said with some embarrassment7, "but I have thirty dollars or so to take a trip on. Would you mind telling me some of the places I could ride to from here for, say, twenty dollars?"
The man showed no surprise at my request. He gave me an understanding if unsympathetic look and consulted some sort of rate scales.
"You can go to Cincinnati, Ohio," he declared. "You can go to Crestline, Ohio. And let's see, now -- you can go to Dayton, Ohio. Or Lima, Ohio. That's a nice town. I have some of my wife's people up around Lima, Ohio. Want to go there?"
"Cincinnati, Ohio," I repeated, unconvinced. "Crestline, Ohio; Dayton, Ohio; and Lima, Ohio. Thank you very much. I'll make up my mind and come back."
So I left the ticket window and took a seat on one of the benches in the middle of the concourse to make up my mind. And it was there that I simply ran out of motives9, as a car runs out of gas. There was no reason to go to Cincinnati, Ohio. There was no reason to go to Crestline, Ohio. Or Dayton, Ohio; or Lima, Ohio. There was no reason, either, to go back to the Bradford Apartment Hotel, or for that matter to go anywhere. There was no reason to do anything. My eyes, as the German classicist Winckelmann said inaccurately10 of the eyes of the Greek statues, were sightless, gazing on eternity11, fixed12 on ultimacy, and when that is the case there is no reason to do anything -- even to change the focus of one's eyes. Which is perhaps why the statues stand still. It is the maladycosmopsis, the cosmic view, that afflicted13 me. When one has it, one is frozen like the bullfrog when the hunter's light strikes him full in the eyes, only with cosmopsis there is no hunter, and no quick hand to terminate the moment -- there's only the light.
Shortsighted animals all around me hurried in and out of doors leading down to the tracks; trains arrived and departed. Women, children, salesmen, soldiers, and redcaps hurried across the concourse toward immediate14 destinations, but I sat immobile on the bench. After a while Cincinnati, Crestline, Dayton, and Lima dropped from my mind, and their place was taken by that test pattern of my consciousness,Pepsi-Cola hits the spot, intoned with silent oracularity. But it, too, petered away into the void, and nothing appeared in its stead.
If you look like a vagrant15 it is difficult to occupy a train-station bench all night long, even in a busy terminal, but if you are reasonably well dressed, have a suitcase at your side, and sit erect16, policemen and railroad employees will not disturb you. I was sitting in the same place, in the same position, when the sun struck the grimy station windows next morning, and in the nature of the case I suppose I would have remained thus indefinitely, but about nine o'clock a small, dapper fellow in his fifties stopped in front of me and stared directly into my eyes. He was bald, dark-eyed, and dignified17, a Negro, and wore a graying mustache and a trim tweed suit to match. The fact that I did not stir even the pupils of my eyes under his gaze is an index to my condition, for ordinarily I find it next to impossible to return the stare of a stranger.
"Weren't you sitting here like this last night?" he asked me sharply. I did not reply. He came close, bent18 his face down toward mine, and moved an upthrust finger back and forth19 about two inches from my eyes. But my eyes did not follow his finger. He stepped back and regarded me critically, then suddenly snapped his fingers almost on the point of my nose. I blinked involuntarily, although my head did not jerk back.
"Ah," he said, satisfied, and regarded me again. "Does this happen to you often, young man?"
Perhaps because of the brisk assuredness of his voice, theno welled up in me like a belch20. And I realized as soon as I deliberately21 held my tongue (there being in the last analysis no reason to answer his question at all) that as of that moment I was artificially prolonging what had been a genuine physical immobility. Not to choose at all is unthinkable: what I had done before was simply choose not to act, since I had been at rest when the situation arose. Now, however, it was harder -- "more of a choice," so to speak -- to hold my tongue than to croak23 out something that filled my mouth, and so after a moment I said, "No."
Then, of course, the trance was broken. I was embarrassed, and rose quickly and stiffly from the bench to leave.
"Where will you go?" my examiner asked with a smile.
"What?" I frowned at him. "Oh -- get a bus home, I guess. See you around."
"Wait." His voice was mild, but entirely24 commanding. I stopped. "Won't you have coffee with me? I'm a physician, and I'd be interested in discussing your case with you."
"I don't have any case," I said awkwardly. "I was just -- sitting there for a minute or so."
"No. I saw you there last night at ten o'clock when I came in from New York," the doctor said. "You were sitting in the same position. Youwere paralyzed, weren't you?"
I laughed shortly. "Well, if you want to call it that, but there's nothing wrong with me. I don't know what came over me."
"Of course you don't, but I do. My specialty25 is various sorts of physical immobility. You're lucky I came by this morning."
"Oh, you don't understand --"
"I brought you out of it, didn't I?" he said cheerfully. "Here." He took a fifty-cent piece from his pocket and handed it to me -- I accepted it before I realized what he'd done. "I can't go into that lounge over there. Go get two cups of coffee for us and we'll sit here a minute and decide what to do."
"No, listen, I --"
"Why not?" he laughed. "Go on, now. I'll wait here."
Why not, indeed?
"I have my own money," I protested lamely26, offering him his fifty-cent piece back, but he waved me away and lit a cigar.
"Now hurry up," he ordered calmly, around the cigar. "Move fast, or you might get stuck again. Don't think of anything but the coffee I've asked you to get."
"All right." I turned and walked with dignity toward the lounge, just off the concourse.
"Fast!" the doctor laughed behind me. I flushed, and impulsively27 quickened my step.
While I waited for the coffee I tried to feel the curiosity about my invalidity and my rescuer that it seemed appropriate I should feel, but I was too weary in mind and body to wonder at anything. I do not mean to suggest that my condition had been unpleasant -- it was entirely anesthetic28 in its advanced stage, and even a little bit pleasant in its inception29 -- but it was fatiguing30, as an overlong sleep is fatiguing, and one had the same reluctance31 to throw it off that one has to finally get out of bed when one has slept around the clock. Indeed, as the Doctor had warned (it was at this time, not knowing my benefactor's name, that I began to think of him with a capitalD ), to slip back into immobility at the coffee counter would have been extremely easy: I felt my mind begin to settle into rigidity32, and only the clerk's peremptory33 "Thirty cents, please," brought me back to action -- luckily, because the Doctor could not have entered the white lounge to help me. I paid the clerk and took the paper cups of coffee back to the bench.
"Good," the Doctor said. "Sit down." I hesitated. I was standing8 directly in front of him. "Here!" he laughed. "On this side! You're like the donkey between two piles of straw!"
I sat where ordered and we sipped34 our coffee. I rather expected to be asked questions about myself, but the Doctor ignored me.
"Thanks for the coffee," I said uncertainly. He glanced at me impassively for a moment, as though I were a hitherto silent parrot who had suddenly blurted35 a brief piece of nonsense, and then he returned his attention to the crowd in the station.
"I have one or two calls to make yet before we catch the bus," he announced without looking at me. "Won't take long. I wanted to see if you were still here before I left town."
"What do you mean, catch the bus?"
"You'll have to come over to the farm -- my Remobilization Farm over near Wicomico -- for a day or so, for observation," he explained coldly. "You don't have anything else to do, do you?"
"Well, I should get back to the university, I guess. I'm a student."
"Oh," he chuckled36. "Might as well forget about that for a while. You can come back in a few days if you want to."
"Say, you know, really, I think you must have a misconception about what was wrong with me a while ago. I'm not a paralytic37. It's all just silly, really. I'll explain it to you if you want to hear it."
"No, you needn't bother. No offense38 intended, but the things you think are important probably aren't even relevant at all. I'm never very curious about my patients' histories. Rather not hear them, in fact -- just clutters39 things up. It doesn't much matter what caused it anyhow, does it?" He grinned. "My farm's like a nunnery in that respect -- I never bother about why my patients come there. Forget about causes; I'm no psychoanalyst."
"But that's what I mean, sir," I explained, laughing uncomfortably. "There's nothing physically40 wrong with me."
"Except that you couldn't move," the Doctor said. "What's your name?"
"Jacob Horner. I'm a graduate student up at Johns Hopkins --"
"Ah, ah," he warned. "No biography, Jacob Horner." He finished his coffee and stood up. "Come on, now, we'll get a cab. Bring your suitcase along."
"Oh, wait now!"
"Yes?"
I fumbled41 for protests: the thing was absurd.
"Well -- this is absurd."
"Yes. So?"
I hesitated, blinking, wetting my lips nervously42.
"Think, think!" the Doctor said brusquely.
My mind raced like a car engine when the clutch is disengaged. There was no answer.
"Well, I -- are you sure it's all right?" I asked weakly, not knowing what my question signified.
The Doctor made a short, derisive44 sound (a sort of "Huf!") and turned away. I shook my head -- at the same moment aware that I was watching myself act bewildered -- and then fetched up my suitcase and followed after him, out to the line of taxicabs at the curb45.
Thus began myalliance with the Doctor. He stopped first at an establishment on North Howard Street, where he ordered two wheel chairs, three pairs of crutches46, and certain other apparatus47 for the farm, and then at a pharmaceutical48 supply house on South Paca Street, where he also made some sort of order. Then we went to the W.B. & A. bus terminal on Howard and Redwood streets and took the Red Star bus to the Eastern Shore. The Doctor's Mercury station wagon49 was parked at the Wicomico bus depot50; he drove to the little settlement of Vineland, about three miles south of Wicomico, turned off onto a secondary road, and finally drove up a long, winding51 dirt lane to the Remobilization Farm, an aged43 but clean-painted white clapboard house in a clump52 of oaks on a knoll53 overlooking some creek54 or other. The patients on the porch, senile men and women, welcomed the Doctor with querulous enthusiasm, and he returned their greeting. Me they regarded with open suspicion, if not hostility55, but the Doctor made no explanation of my presence -- for that matter, I should have been hard put to explain it myself.
Inside I was introduced to the muscular Mrs. Dockey and taken to the Progress and Advice Room for my first interview. I waited alone in that clean room, bare, but not really clinical-looking -- just an empty white room in a farmhouse56 -- for some ten minutes, and then the Doctor entered and took his seat very much in front of me. He had donned a white medical-looking jacket and appeared entirely official and competent.
"I'll make a few things clear very quickly, Jacob," he said, leaning forward with his hands on his knees and rolling his cigar around in his mouth between sentences. "The farm, as you can see, is designed for the treatment of paralytics. Most of my patients are old people, but you mustn't infer from that that this is a nursing home for the aged. It's not. Perhaps you noticed when we drove up that my patients like me. They do. It has happened several times in the past that for one reason or another I have seen fit to change the location of the farm. Once it was outside of Troy, New York; another time near Fond du Lac, Wisconsin; another time near Biloxi, Mississippi. And we've been other places, too. Nearly all the patients I have on the farm have been with me at least since Fond du Lac, and if I should have to move tomorrow to Helena, Montana, or Far Rockaway, most of them would go with me, and not because they haven't anywhere else to go. But don't think I have an equal love for them. They're just more or less interesting problems in immobility, for which I find it satisfying to work out therapies. I tell this to you, but not to them, because your problem is such that this information is harmless. And for that matter, you've no way of knowing whether anything I've said or will say is the truth, or just a part of my general therapy for you. You can't even tell whether your doubt in this matter is an honestly founded doubt or just a part of your treatment: access to the truth, Jacob, even belief that there is such a thing, is itself therapeutic57 or antitherapeutic, depending on the problem. The reality of your problem itself is all that you can be sure of."
"Yes, sir."
"Why do you say that?" the Doctor asked.
"Say what?"
" 'Yes, sir.' Why do you say 'Yes, sir'?"
"Oh -- I was just acknowledging what you said before."
"Acknowledging the truth of what I said or merely the fact that I said it?"
"Well," I hesitated, flustered59. "I don't know, sir."
"You don't know whether to say you were acknowledging the truth of my statements, when actually you weren't, or to say you were simply acknowledging that I said something, at the risk of offending me by the implication that you don't agree with any of it. Eh?"
"Oh, I agree withsome of it," I assured him.
"What parts of it do you agree with? Which statements?"
"I don't know: I guess --" I searched my mind hastily to remember even one thing that he'd said. He regarded my floundering coldly for a minute and then went on as if the interruption hadn't occurred.
"Agapotherapy -- devotion therapy -- is often useful with older patients," he said. "One of the things that work toward restoring their mobility22 is devotion to some figure, a doctor or other kind of administrator60. It keeps their allegiances from becoming divided. For that reason I'd move the farm occasionally even if other circumstances didn't make it desirable. It does them good to decide to follow me. Agapotherapy is one small therapy in a great number, some consecutive61, some simultaneous, which are exercised on the patients. No two patients have the same schedule of therapies, because no two people are ever paralyzed in the same way. The authors of medical textbooks," he added with some contempt, "like everyone else, can reach generality only by ignoring enough particularity. They speak of paralysis62, and the treatment of paralytics, as though one read the textbook and then followed the rules for getting paralyzed properly. There is no such thing asparalysis, Jacob. There is only paralyzed Jacob Horner. And I don'ttreat paralysis: I schedule therapies to mobilize John Doe or Jacob Horner, as the case may be. That's why I ignore you when you say you aren't paralyzed like the people out on the porch are paralyzed. I don't treat your paralysis; I treat paralyzed you. Please don't say, 'Yes, sir.' "
The urge to acknowledge is almost irresistible63, but I managed to sit silent and not even nod.
"There are several things wrong with you, I think. I daresay you don't know the seating capacity of the Cleveland Municipal Stadium, do you?"
"What?"
The Doctor did not smile. "You suggest that my question is absurd, when you have no grounds for knowing whether it is or not -- you obviously heard me and understood me. Probably you want to delay my learning that youdon't know the seating capacity of Cleveland Municipal Stadium, since your vanity would be ruffled64 if the questionweren't absurd, and even if it were. It makes no difference whether it is or not, Jacob Horner: it's a question asked you by your doctor. Now, is there any ultimate reason why the Cleveland Stadium shouldn't seat fifty-seven thousand, four hundred eighty-eight people?"
"None that I can think of," I grinned.
"Don't pretend to be amused. Of course there's not. Is there any reason why it shouldn't seat eighty-eight thousand, four hundred seventy-five people?"
"No, sir."
"Indeed not. Then as far as Reason is concerned its seating capacity could be almost anything. Logic65 will never give you the answer to my question. Only Knowledge of the World will answer it. There's no ultimate reason at all why the Cleveland Stadium should seat exactly seventy-seven thousand, seven hundred people, but it happens that it does. There's no reason in the long run why Italy shouldn't be shaped like a sausage instead of a boot, but that doesn't happen to be the case.The world is everything that is the case, and what the case is is not a matter of logic. If you don't simplyknow how many people can sit in the Cleveland Municipal Stadium, you have no real reason for choosing one number over another, assuming you can make a choice at all -- do you understand? But if you have some Knowledge of the World you may be able to say, 'Seventy-seven thousand, seven hundred,' just like that. No choice is involved."
"Well," I said, "you'd still have to choose whether to answer the question or not, or whether to answer it correctly, even if you knew the right answer, wouldn't you?"
The Doctor's tranquil66 stare told me my question was somehow silly, though it seemed reasonable enough to me.
"One of the things you'll have to do," he said dryly, "is buy a copy of theWorld Almanac for 1951 and begin to study it scrupulously67. This is intended as a discipline, and you'll have to pursue it diligently68, perhaps for a number of years. Informational Therapy is one of a number of therapies we'll have to initiate69 at once.
I shook my head and chuckled genially70. "Do all your patients memorize theWorld Almanac, Doctor?"
I might as well not have spoken.
"Mrs. Dockey will show you to your bed," the Doctor said, rising to go. "I'll speak to you again presently." At the door he stopped and added, "One, perhaps two, of the older men may attempt familiarities with you at night up in the dormitory. They're on Sexual Therapy, and I find it useful and convenient in their cases to suggest homosexual affairs rather than heterosexual ones. But unless you're accustomed to that sort of thing I don't think you should accept their advances. You should keep your life as uncomplicated as possible, at least for a while. Reject them gently, and they'll go back to each other."
There was little I could say. After a while Mrs. Dockey showed me my bed in the men's dormitory. I was not introduced to my roommates, nor did I introduce myself. In fact (though since then I've come to know them better), during the three days that I remained at the farm not a dozen words were exchanged between us, much less homosexual advances. When I left they were uniformly glad to see me go.
The Doctor spent two or three one-hour sessions with me each day. He asked me virtually nothing about myself; the conversations consisted mostly of harangues71 against the medical profession for its stupidity in matters of paralysis, and imputations that my condition was the result of defective72 character and intelligence.
"You claim to be unable to choose in many situations," he said once. "Well, I claim that that inability is only theoretically inherent in situations, when there's no chooser. Given a particular chooser, it's unthinkable. So, since the inabilitywas displayed in your case, the fault lies not in the situation but in the fact that there was no chooser. Choosing is existence: to the extent that you don't choose, you don't exist. Now, everything we do must be oriented toward choice and action. It doesn't matter whether this action is more or less reasonable than inaction; the point is that it is its opposite."
"But why should anyone prefer it?" I asked.
"There's no reason why you should prefer it," he said, "and no reason why you shouldn't. One is a patient simply because one chooses a condition that only therapy can bring one to, not because any one condition is inherently better than another. All my therapies for a while will be directed toward making you conscious of your existence. It doesn't matter whether you act constructively73 or even consistently, so long as you act. It doesn't matter to the case whether your character is admirable or not, so long as you think you have one."
"I don't understand why you should choose to treat anyone, Doctor," I said.
"That's my business, not yours."
And so it went. I was charged, directly or indirectly74, with everything from intellectual dishonesty and vanity to nonexistence. If I protested, the Doctor observed that my protests indicated my belief in the truth of his statements. If I only listened glumly75, he observed that my glumness76 indicated my belief in the truth of his statements.
"All right, then," I said at last, giving up. "Everything you say is true. All of it is the truth."
The Doctor listened calmly. "You don't know what you're talking about," he said. "There's no such thing as truth as you conceive it."
These apparently77 pointless interviews did not constitute my only activity at the farm. Before every meal the other patients and I were made to perform various calisthenics under the direction of Mrs. Dockey. For the older patients these were usually very simple -- perhaps a mere58 nodding of the head or flexing78 of the arms --although some of the old folks could execute really surprising feats79: one gentleman in his seventies was an excellent rope climber, and two old ladies turned agile80 somersaults. For each Mrs. Dockey prescribed different activities; my own special prescription81 was to keep some sort of visible motion going all the time. If nothing else, I was constrained82 to keep a finger wiggling or a foot tapping, say, during mealtimes, when more involved movements would have made eating difficult. And I was told to rock from side to side in my bed all night long: not an unreasonable83 request, as it happened, for I did this habitually84 anyhow, even in my sleep -- a habit carried over from childhood.
"Motion! Motion!" the Doctor would say, almost exalted85. "You must be alwaysconscious of motion!"
There were special diets and, for many patients, special drugs. I learned of Nutritional86 Therapy, Medicinal Therapy, Surgical87 Therapy, Dynamic Therapy, Informational Therapy, Conversational88 Therapy, Sexual Therapy, Devotional Therapy, Occupational and Preoccupational Therapy, Virtue89 and Vice4 Therapy, Theotherapy and Atheotherapy -- and, later, Mythotherapy, Philosophical90 Therapy, Scriptotherapy, and many, many other therapies practiced in various combinations and sequences by the patients. Everything, to the Doctor, is either therapeutic, anti-therapeutic, or irrelevant91. He is a kind of super-pragmatist.
At the end of my last session -- it had been decided92 that I was to return to Baltimore experimentally, to see whether and how soon my immobility might recur93 -- the Doctor gave me some parting instructions.
"It would not be well in your particular case to believe in God," he said, "Religion will only make you despondent94. But until we work out something for you it will be useful to subscribe95 to some philosophy. Why don't you read Sartre and become an existentialist? It will keep you moving until we find something more suitable for you. Study theWorld Almanac: it is to be your breviary for a while. Take a day job, preferably factory work, but not so simple that you are able to think coherently while working. Something involving sequential operations would be nice. Go out in the evenings; play cards with people. I don't recommend buying a television set just yet. If you read anything outside theAlmanac, read nothing but plays -- no novels or non-fiction. Exercise frequently. Take long walks, but always to a previously96 determined97 destination, and when you get there, walk right home again, briskly. And move out of your present quarters; the association is unhealthy for you. Don't get married or have love affairs yet: if you aren't courageous98 enough to hire prostitutes, then take up masturbation temporarily. Above all, act impulsively: don't let yourself get stuck between alternatives, or you're lost. You're not that strong. If the alternatives are side by side, choose the one on the left; if they're consecutive in time, choose the earlier. If neither of these applies, choose the alternative whose name begins with the earlier letter of the alphabet. These are the principles of Sinistrality, Antecedence99, and Alphabetical100 Priority -- there are others, and they're arbitrary, but useful. Good-by."
"Good-by, Doctor," I said, a little breathless, and prepared to leave.
"If you have another attack, contact me as soon as you can. If nothing happens, come back in three months. My services will cost you ten dollars a visit -- no charge for this one. I have a limited interest in your case, Jacob, and in the vacuum you have for a self. Thatis your case. Remember, keep moving all the time. Beengagé. Join things."
I left, somewhat dazed, and took the bus back to Baltimore. There, out of it all, I had a chance to attempt to decide what I thought of the Doctor, the Remobilization Farm, the endless list of therapies, and my own position. One thing seemed fairly clear: the Doctor was operating either outside the law or on its very fringes. Sexual Therapy, to name only one thing, could scarcely be sanctioned by the American Medical Association. This doubtless was the reason for the farm's frequent relocation. It was also apparent that he was a crank -- though perhaps not an ineffective one -- and one wondered whether he had any sort of license101 to practice medicine at all. Because -- his rationalizations aside -- I was so clearly different from his other patients, I could only assume that he had some sort of special interest in my case: perhaps he was a frustrated102 psychoanalyst. At worst he was some combination of quack103 and prophet --F ather Divine, Sister Kenny, and Bernarr MacFadden combined (all of them quite effective people), with elements of faith healer and armchair Freud thrown in -- running a semi-legitimate rest home for senile eccentrics; and yet one couldn't easily laugh off his forcefulness, and his insights frequently struck home. As a matter of fact, I was unable to make any judgment104 one way or the other about him or the farm or the therapies.
A most extraordinary Doctor. Although I kept telling myself that I was just going along with the joke, I actually did move from the Bradford down to East Chase Street; I took a job as an assembler on the line of the Chevrolet factory out on Broening Highway, where I operated an air wrench105 that bolted leaf springs on the left side of Chevrolet chassis106, and I joined the U.A.W. I read Sartre but had difficulty deciding how to apply him to specific situations (How did existentialism help one decide whether to carry one's lunch to work or buy it in the factory cafeteria? I had no head for philosophy). I played poker107 with my fellow assemblers, took walks from Chase Street down to the waterfront and back, and attended B movies. Temperamentally I was already pretty much of an atheist108 most of the time, and the proscription109 of women was a small burden, for I was not, as a rule, heavily sexed. I applied110 Sinistrality, Antecedence, and Alphabetical Priority religiously (though in some instances I found it hard to decide which of those devices best fitted the situation). And every quarter for the next two years I drove over to the Remobilization Farm for advice. It would be idle for me to speculate further on why I assented111 to this curious alliance, which more often than not is insulting to me -- I presume that anyone interested in causes will have found plenty to pick from by now in this account.
I left myself sitting in the Progress and Advice Room, I believe, in September of 1953, waiting for the Doctor. My mood on this morning was an unusual one; as a rule I am almost "weatherless" the moment I enter the farmhouse, and I suppose that weatherlessness is the ideal condition for receiving advice, but on this morning, although I felt unemotional, I was not without weather. I felt dry, clear, and competent, for some reason or other -- quite sharp and not a bit humble112. In meteorological terms, my weather wassec Supérieur.
"How are you these days, Horner?" the Doctor asked affably as he entered the room.
"Just fine, Doctor," I replied breezily. "How's yourself?"
The Doctor took his seat, spread his knees, and regarded me critically, not answering my question.
"Have you begun teaching yet?"
"Nope. Start next week. Two sections of grammar and two of composition."
"Ah." He rolled his cigar around in his mouth. He was studying me, not what I said. "You shouldn't be teaching composition."
"Can't have everything," I said cheerfully, stretching my legs out under his chair and clasping my hands behind my head. "It was that or nothing, so I took it." The Doctor observed the position of my legs and arms.
"Who is this confident fellow you've befriended?" he asked. "One of the other teachers? He's terribly sure of himself!"
I blushed: it occurred to me that Iwas imitating Joe Morgan. "Why do you say I'm imitating somebody?"
"I didn't," the Doctor smiled. "I only asked who was the forceful fellow you've obviously met."
"None of your business, sir."
"Oh, my. Very good. It's a pity you can't take over that manner consistently -- you'd never need my services again! But you're not stable enough for that yet, Jacob. Besides, you couldn't act like him when you're in his company, could you? Anyway I'm pleased to see you assuming a role. You do it, evidently, in order to face up to me: a character like your friend's would never allow itself to be insulted by some crank with his string of implausible therapies, eh?"
"That's right, Doctor," I said, but much of the fire had gone out of me under his analysis.
"This indicates to me that you're ready for Mythotherapy, since you seem to be already practicing it without knowing it, and therapeutically113, too. But it's best you be aware of what you're doing, so that you won't break down through ignorance. Some time ago I told you to become an existentialist. Did you read Sartre?"
"Some things. Frankly114 I really didn't get to be an existentialist."
"No? Well, no matter now. Mythotherapy is based on two assumptions: that human existence precedes human essence, if either of the two terms really signifies anything; and that a man is free not only to choose his own essence but to change it at will. Those are both good existentialist premises115, and whether they're true or false is of no concern to us -- they'reuseful in your case."
He went on to explain Mythotherapy.
"In life," he said, "there are no essentially116 major or minor117 characters. To that extent, all fiction and biography, and most historiography, are a lie. Everyone is necessarily the hero of his own life story.Hamlet could be told from Polonius's point of view and calledThe Tragedy of Polonius, Lord Chamberlain of Denmark. He didn't think he was a minor character in anything, I daresay. Or suppose you're an usher118 in a wedding. From the groom119's viewpoint he's the major character; the others play supporting parts, even the bride. From your viewpoint, though, the wedding is a minor episode in the very interesting history ofyour life, and the bride and groom both are minor figures. What you've done is choose toplay the part of a minor character: it can be pleasant for you topretend to be less important than you know you are, as Odysseus does when he disguises as a swineherd. And every member of the congregation at the wedding sees himself as the major character, condescending120 to witness the spectacle. So in this sense fiction isn't a lie at all, but a true representation of the distortion that everyone makes of life.
"Now, not only are we the heroes of our own life stories -- we're the ones who conceive the story, and give other people the essences of minor characters. But since no man's life story as a rule is ever one story with a coherent plot, we're always reconceiving just the sort of hero we are, and consequently just the sort of minor roles that other people are supposed to play. This is generally true. If any man displays almost the same character day in and day out, all day long, it's either because he has no imagination, like an actor who can play only one role, or because he has an imagination so comprehensive that he sees each particular situation of his life as an episode in some grand over-all plot, and can so distort the situations that the same type of hero can deal with them all. But this is most unusual.
"This kind of role-assigning is myth-making, and when it's done consciously or unconsciously for the purpose of aggrandizing121 or protecting your ego122 -- and it's probably done for this purpose all the time -- it becomes Mythotherapy. Here's the point: an immobility such as you experienced that time in Penn Station is possible only to a person who for some reason or other has ceased to participate in Mythotherapy. At that time on the bench you were neither a major nor a minor character: you were no character at all. It's because this has happened once that it's necessary for me to explain to you something that comes quite naturally to everyone else. It's like teaching a paralytic how to walk again.
"Now many crises in people's lives occur because the hero role that they've assumed for one situation or set of situations no longer applies to some new situation that comes up, or -- the same thing in effect -- because they haven't the imagination to distort the new situation to fit their old role. This happens to parents, for instance, when their children grow older, and to lovers when one of them begins to dislike the other. If the new situation is too overpowering to ignore, and they can't find a mask to meet it with, they may become schizophrenic -- a last-resort mask -- or simply shattered. All questions of integrity involve this consideration, because a man's integrity consists in being faithful to the script he's written for himself.
"I've said you're too unstable123 to play any one part all the time -- you're also too unimaginative -- so for you these crises had better be met by changing scripts as often as necessary. This should come naturally to you; the important thing for you is to realize what you're doing so you won't get caught without a script, or with the wrong script in a given situation. You did quite well, for example, for a beginner, to walk in here so confidently and almost arrogantly124 a while ago, and assign me the role of a quack. But you must be able to change masks at once if by some means or other I'm able to make the one you walked in with untenable. Perhaps -- I'm just suggesting an offhand125 possibility -- you could change to thinking of me as The Sagacious Old Mentor126, a kind of Machiavellian127 Nestor, say, and yourself as The Ingenuous128 But Promising129 Young Protégé, a young Alexander, who someday will put all these teachings into practice and far outshine the master. Do you get the idea? Or -- this is repugnant, but it could be used as a last resort -- The Silently Indignant Young Man, who tolerates the ravings of a Senile Crank but who will leave this house unsullied by them. I call this repugnant because if you ever used it you'd cut yourself off from much that you haven't learned yet.
"It's extremely important that you learn to assume these masks wholeheartedly. Don't think there's anything behind them: there isn't.Ego meansI, andI meansego, and the ego by definition is a mask. Where there's no ego -- this is you on the bench -- there's noI. If you sometimes have the feeling that your mask isinsincere -- impossible word! -- it's only because one of your masks is incompatible130 with another. You mustn't put on two at a time. There's a source of conflict, and conflict between masks, like absence of masks, is a source of immobility. The more sharply you can dramatize your situation, and define your own role and everybody else's role, the safer you'll be. It doesn't matter in Mythotherapy for paralytics whether your role is major or minor, as long as it's clearly conceived, but in the nature of things it'll normally always be major. Now say something."
I could not.
"Say something!" the Doctor ordered. "Move! Take a role!"
I tried hard to think of one, but I could not.
"Damn you!" the Doctor cried. He kicked back his chair and leaped upon me, throwing me to the floor and pounding me roughly.
"Hey!" I hollered, entirely startled by his attack. "Cut it out! What the hell!" I struggled with him and, being both larger and stronger than he, soon had him off me. We stood facing each other warily131, panting from the exertion132.
"You watch that stuff!" I said belligerently133. "I could make plenty of trouble for you if I wanted to, I'll bet!"
"Anything wrong?" asked Mrs. Dockey, sticking her head into the room. I would not want to tangle134 with her.
"No, not now," the Doctor smiled, brushing the knees of his white trousers. "A little Pugilistic Therapy for Jacob Horner. No trouble." She closed the door.
"Now, shall we continue our talk?" he asked me, his eyes twinkling. "You were speaking in a manly135 way about making trouble."
But I was no longer in a mood to go along with the whole ridiculous business. I'd had enough of the old lunatic for this quarter.
"Or perhaps you've had enough of The Old Crank for today, eh?"
"What would the sheriff in Wicomico think of this farm?" I grumbled136 uncomfortably. "Suppose the police were sent out to investigate Sexual Therapy?"
The Doctor was unruffled by my threats.
"Do you intend to send them?" he asked pleasantly.
"Do you think I wouldn't?"
"I've no idea," he said, still undisturbed.
"Do you dare me to?"
This question, for some reason or other, visibly upset him: he looked at me sharply.
"Indeed I do not," he said at once. "I'm sure you're quite able to do it. I'm sorry if my tactic137 for mobilizing you just then made you angry. I did it with all good intent. Youwere paralyzed again, you know."
"Horseshit!" I sneered138. "You and your paralysis!"
"Youhave had enough for today, Horner!" the Doctor said. He too was angry now. "Get out! I hope you get paralyzed driving sixty miles an hour on your way home!" He raised his voice. "Get out of here, you damned moron139!"
His obviously genuine anger immediately removed mine, which after the first instant had of course been only a novel mask.
"I'm sorry, Doctor," I said. "I won't lose my temper again."
We exchanged smiles.
"Why not?" he laughed. "It's both therapeutic and pleasant to lose your temper in certain situations." He relit his cigar, which had been dropped during our scuffle. "Two interesting things were demonstrated in the past few minutes, Jacob Horner. I can't tell you about them until your next visit. Good-by, now. Don't forget to pay Mrs. Dockey."
Out he strode, cool as could be, and a few moments later out strode I: A Trifle Shaken, But Sure Of My Strength.
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cane
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| n.手杖，细长的茎，藤条；v.以杖击，以藤编制的 | |
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stony
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| adj.石头的，多石头的，冷酷的，无情的 | |
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consultation
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| n.咨询；商量；商议；会议 | |
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vice
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| n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的 | |
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sufficiently
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| adv.足够地，充分地 | |
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theatrical
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| adj.剧场的，演戏的；做戏似的，做作的 | |
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embarrassment
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| n.尴尬；使人为难的人(事物)；障碍；窘迫 | |
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standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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motives
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| n.动机，目的( motive的名词复数 ) | |
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inaccurately
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| 不精密地，不准确地 | |
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eternity
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| n.不朽，来世；永恒，无穷 | |
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fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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afflicted
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| 使受痛苦，折磨( afflict的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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immediate
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| adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的 | |
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vagrant
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| n.流浪者，游民；adj.流浪的，漂泊不定的 | |
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erect
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| n./v.树立，建立，使竖立；adj.直立的，垂直的 | |
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dignified
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| a.可敬的，高贵的 | |
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bent
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| n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的 | |
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forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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belch
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| v.打嗝，喷出 | |
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deliberately
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| adv.审慎地；蓄意地；故意地 | |
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mobility
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| n.可动性，变动性，情感不定 | |
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croak
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| vi.嘎嘎叫，发牢骚 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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specialty
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| n.(speciality)特性，特质；专业，专长 | |
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lamely
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| 一瘸一拐地，不完全地 | |
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impulsively
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| adv.冲动地 | |
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anesthetic
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| n.麻醉剂，麻药；adj.麻醉的，失去知觉的 | |
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inception
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| n.开端，开始，取得学位 | |
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fatiguing
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| a.使人劳累的 | |
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reluctance
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| n.厌恶，讨厌，勉强，不情愿 | |
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rigidity
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| adj.钢性，坚硬 | |
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peremptory
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| adj.紧急的，专横的，断然的 | |
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sipped
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| v.小口喝，呷，抿( sip的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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blurted
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| v.突然说出，脱口而出( blurt的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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chuckled
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| 轻声地笑( chuckle的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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paralytic
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| adj. 瘫痪的 n. 瘫痪病人 | |
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offense
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| n.犯规，违法行为；冒犯，得罪 | |
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clutters
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| n.杂物，零乱的东西零乱vt.( clutter的名词复数 )；乱糟糟地堆满，把…弄得很乱；（以…） 塞满…v.杂物，零乱的东西零乱vt.( clutter的第三人称单数 )；乱糟糟地堆满，把…弄得很乱；（以…） 塞满… | |
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physically
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| adj.物质上，体格上，身体上，按自然规律 | |
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fumbled
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| （笨拙地）摸索或处理（某事物）( fumble的过去式和过去分词 )； 乱摸，笨拙地弄； 使落下 | |
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nervously
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| adv.神情激动地，不安地 | |
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aged
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| adj.年老的，陈年的 | |
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derisive
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| adj.嘲弄的 | |
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curb
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| n.场外证券市场，场外交易；vt.制止，抑制 | |
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crutches
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| n.拐杖, 支柱 v.支撑 | |
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apparatus
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| n.装置，器械；器具，设备 | |
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pharmaceutical
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| adj.药学的，药物的；药用的，药剂师的 | |
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wagon
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| n.四轮马车，手推车，面包车；无盖运货列车 | |
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depot
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| n.仓库，储藏处；公共汽车站；火车站 | |
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winding
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| n.绕，缠，绕组，线圈 | |
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clump
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| n.树丛，草丛；vi.用沉重的脚步行走 | |
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knoll
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| n.小山，小丘 | |
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creek
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| n.小溪，小河，小湾 | |
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hostility
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| n.敌对，敌意；抵制［pl.］交战，战争 | |
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farmhouse
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| n.农场住宅（尤指主要住房） | |
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therapeutic
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| adj.治疗的，起治疗作用的；对身心健康有益的 | |
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mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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flustered
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| adj.慌张的；激动不安的v.使慌乱，使不安( fluster的过去式和过去分词) | |
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administrator
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| n.经营管理者，行政官员 | |
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consecutive
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| adj.连续的，联贯的，始终一贯的 | |
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paralysis
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| n.麻痹(症)；瘫痪(症) | |
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irresistible
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| adj.非常诱人的，无法拒绝的，无法抗拒的 | |
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ruffled
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| adj. 有褶饰边的, 起皱的 动词ruffle的过去式和过去分词 | |
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logic
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| n.逻辑(学)；逻辑性 | |
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tranquil
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| adj. 安静的, 宁静的, 稳定的, 不变的 | |
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scrupulously
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| adv.一丝不苟地；小心翼翼地，多顾虑地 | |
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diligently
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| ad.industriously;carefully | |
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initiate
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| vt.开始，创始，发动；启蒙，使入门；引入 | |
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genially
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| adv.亲切地，和蔼地；快活地 | |
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harangues
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| n.高谈阔论的长篇演讲( harangue的名词复数 )v.高谈阔论( harangue的第三人称单数 ) | |
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defective
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| adj.有毛病的，有问题的，有瑕疵的 | |
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constructively
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| ad.有益的，积极的 | |
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indirectly
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| adv.间接地，不直接了当地 | |
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glumly
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| adv.忧郁地，闷闷不乐地；阴郁地 | |
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glumness
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| n.忧郁 | |
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apparently
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| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
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flexing
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| n.挠曲，可挠性v.屈曲( flex的现在分词 )；弯曲；（为准备大干而）显示实力；摩拳擦掌 | |
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feats
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| 功绩，伟业，技艺( feat的名词复数 ) | |
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agile
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| adj.敏捷的，灵活的 | |
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prescription
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| n.处方，开药；指示，规定 | |
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constrained
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| adj.束缚的,节制的 | |
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unreasonable
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| adj.不讲道理的，不合情理的，过度的 | |
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habitually
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| ad.习惯地，通常地 | |
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exalted
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| adj.(地位等)高的，崇高的；尊贵的，高尚的 | |
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nutritional
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| adj.营养的，滋养的 | |
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surgical
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| adj.外科的，外科医生的，手术上的 | |
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conversational
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| adj.对话的，会话的 | |
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virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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philosophical
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| adj.哲学家的，哲学上的，达观的 | |
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irrelevant
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| adj.不恰当的，无关系的，不相干的 | |
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decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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recur
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| vi.复发，重现，再发生 | |
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despondent
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| adj.失望的，沮丧的，泄气的 | |
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subscribe
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| vi.(to)订阅，订购；同意；vt.捐助，赞助 | |
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previously
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| adv.以前，先前（地） | |
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determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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courageous
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| adj.勇敢的，有胆量的 | |
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antecedence
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| n.居先，优先 | |
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alphabetical
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| adj.字母（表）的，依字母顺序的 | |
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101
license
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| n.执照，许可证，特许；v.许可，特许 | |
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102
frustrated
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| adj.挫败的，失意的，泄气的v.使不成功( frustrate的过去式和过去分词 )；挫败；使受挫折；令人沮丧 | |
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103
quack
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| n.庸医；江湖医生；冒充内行的人；骗子 | |
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104
judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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105
wrench
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| v.猛拧；挣脱；使扭伤；n.扳手；痛苦，难受 | |
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106
chassis
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| n.汽车等之底盘；（飞机的）起落架；炮底架 | |
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107
poker
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| n.扑克；vt.烙制 | |
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108
atheist
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| n.无神论者 | |
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109
proscription
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| n.禁止，剥夺权利 | |
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applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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assented
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| 同意，赞成( assent的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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112
humble
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| adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低 | |
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113
therapeutically
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| [医]adv.在治疗上 | |
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114
frankly
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| adv.坦白地，直率地；坦率地说 | |
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115
premises
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| n.建筑物，房屋 | |
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116
essentially
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| adv.本质上，实质上，基本上 | |
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117
minor
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| adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修 | |
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118
usher
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| n.带位员，招待员；vt.引导，护送；vi.做招待，担任引座员 | |
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119
groom
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| vt.给（马、狗等）梳毛，照料，使...整洁 | |
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120
condescending
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| adj.谦逊的,故意屈尊的 | |
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aggrandizing
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| v.扩大某人的权力( aggrandize的现在分词 )；提高某人的地位；夸大；吹捧 | |
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122
ego
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| n.自我，自己，自尊 | |
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unstable
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| adj.不稳定的，易变的 | |
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124
arrogantly
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| adv.傲慢地 | |
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125
offhand
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| adj.临时，无准备的；随便，马虎的 | |
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126
mentor
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| n.指导者，良师益友；v.指导 | |
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127
machiavellian
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| adj.权谋的，狡诈的 | |
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128
ingenuous
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| adj.纯朴的，单纯的；天真的；坦率的 | |
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129
promising
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| adj.有希望的，有前途的 | |
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130
incompatible
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| adj.不相容的，不协调的，不相配的 | |
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warily
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| adv.留心地 | |
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132
exertion
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| n.尽力，努力 | |
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133
belligerently
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134
tangle
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| n.纠缠；缠结；混乱；v.(使)缠绕；变乱 | |
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135
manly
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| adj.有男子气概的；adv.男子般地，果断地 | |
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136
grumbled
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| 抱怨( grumble的过去式和过去分词 )； 发牢骚； 咕哝； 发哼声 | |
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137
tactic
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| n.战略，策略；adj.战术的，有策略的 | |
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138
sneered
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| 讥笑，冷笑( sneer的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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139
moron
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| n.极蠢之人，低能儿 | |
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