Now that we are cool, he said, and regret that we hurt each other, I am not sorry that it happened. I deserved your reproach: a hundred times I have wished to tell you the whole story of my travels and adventures among the savages1, and one of the reasons which prevented me was the fear that it would have an unfortunate effect on our friendship. That was precious, and I desired above everything to keep it. But I must think no more about that now. I must think only of how I am to tell you my story. I will begin at a time when I was twenty-three. It was early in life to be in the thick of politics, and in trouble to the extent of having to fly my country to save my liberty, perhaps my life.
Every nation, someone remarks, has the government it deserves, and Venezuela certainly has the one it deserves and that suits it best. We call it a republic, not only because it is not one, but also because a thing must have a name; and to have a good name, or a fine name, is very convenient — especially when you want to borrow money. If the Venezuelans, thinly distributed over an area of half a million square miles, mostly illiterate3 peasants, half-breeds, and indigenes, were educated, intelligent men, zealous4 only for the public weal, it would be possible for them to have a real republic. They have instead a government by cliques5, tempered by revolution; and a very good government it is, in harmony with the physical conditions of the country and the national temperament7. Now, it happens that the educated men, representing your higher classes, are so few that there are not many persons unconnected by ties of blood or marriage with prominent members of the political groups to which they belong. By this you will see how easy and almost inevitable8 it is that we should become accustomed to look on conspiracy9 and revolt against the regnant party — the men of another clique6 — as only in the natural order of things. In the event of failure such outbreaks are punished, but they are not regarded as immoral10. On the contrary, men of the highest intelligence and virtue11 among us are seen taking a leading part in these adventures. Whether such a condition of things is intrinsically wrong or not, or would be wrong in some circumstances and is not wrong, because inevitable, in others, I cannot pretend to decide; and all this tiresome12 profusion13 is only to enable you to understand how I — a young man of unblemished character, not a soldier by profession, not ambitious of political distinction, wealthy for that country, popular in society, a lover of social pleasures, of books, of nature actuated, as I believed, by the highest motives15, allowed myself to be drawn16 very readily by friends and relations into a conspiracy to overthrow17 the government of the moment, with the object of replacing it by more worthy18 men ourselves, to wit.
Our adventure failed because the authorities got wind of the affair and matters were precipitated19. Our leaders at the moment happened to be scattered20 over the country — some were abroad; and a few hotheaded men of the party, who were in Caracas just then and probably feared arrest, struck a rash blow: the President was attacked in the street and wounded. But the attackers were seized, and some of them shot on the following day. When the news reached me I was at a distance from the capital, staying with a friend on an estate he owned on the River Quebrada Honda, in the State of Guarico, some fifteen to twenty miles from the town of Zaraza. My friend, an officer in the army, was a leader in the conspiracy; and as I was the only son of a man who had been greatly hated by the Minister of War, it became necessary for us both to fly for our lives. In the circumstances we could not look to be pardoned, even on the score of youth.
Our first decision was to escape to the sea-coast; but as the risk of a journey to La Guayra, or any other port of embarkation21 on the north side of the country, seemed too great, we made our way in a contrary direction to the Orinoco, and downstream to Angostura. Now, when we had reached this comparatively safe breathing-place — safe, at all events, for the moment — I changed my mind about leaving or attempting to leave the country. Since boyhood I had taken a very peculiar22 interest in that vast and almost unexplored territory we possess south of the Orinoco, with its countless23 unmapped rivers and trackless forests; and in its savage2 inhabitants, with their ancient customs and character, unadulterated by contact with Europeans. To visit this primitive24 wilderness25 had been a cherished dream; and I had to some extent even prepared myself for such an adventure by mastering more than one of the Indian dialects of the northern states of Venezuela. And now, finding myself on the south side of our great river, with unlimited26 time at my disposal, I determined27 to gratify this wish. My companion took his departure towards the coast, while I set about making preparations and hunting up information from those who had travelled in the interior to trade with the savages. I decided28 eventually to go back upstream and penetrate29 to the interior in the western part of Guayana, and the Amazonian territory bordering on Colombia and Brazil, and to return to Angostura in about six months’ time. I had no fear of being arrested in the semi-independent and in most part savage region, as the Guayana authorities concerned themselves little enough about the political upheavals30 at Caracas.
The first five or six months I spent in Guayana, after leaving the city of refuge, were eventful enough to satisfy a moderately adventurous31 spirit. A complaisant32 government employee at Angostura had provided me with a passport, in which it was set down (for few to read) that my object in visiting the interior was to collect information concerning the native tribes, the vegetable products of the country, and other knowledge which would be of advantage to the Republic; and the authorities were requested to afford me protection and assist me in my pursuits. I ascended33 the Orinoco, making occasional expeditions to the small Christian34 settlements in the neighbourhood of the right bank, also to the Indian villages; and travelling in this way, seeing and learning much, in about three months I reached the River Metal During this period I amused myself by keeping a journal, a record of personal adventures, impressions of the country and people, both semi-civilized35 and savage; and as my journal grew, I began to think that on my return at some future time to Caracas, it might prove useful and interesting to the public, and also procure36 me fame; which thought proved pleasurable and a great incentive37, so that I began to observe things more narrowly and to study expression. But the book was not to be.
From the mouth of the Meta I journeyed on, intending to visit the settlement of Atahapo, where the great River Guaviare, with other rivers, empties itself into the Orinoco. But I was not destined38 to reach it, for at the small settlement of Manapuri I fell ill of a low fever; and here ended the first half-year of my wanderings, about which no more need be told.
A more miserable39 place than Manapuri for a man to be ill of a low fever in could not well be imagined. The settlement, composed of mean hovels, with a few large structures of mud, or plastered wattle, thatched with palm leaves, was surrounded by water, marsh40, and forest, the breeding-place of myriads41 of croaking42 frogs and of clouds of mosquitoes; even to one in perfect health existence in such a place would have been a burden. The inhabitants mustered43 about eighty or ninety, mostly Indians of that degenerate44 class frequently to be met with in small trading outposts. The savages of Guayana are great drinkers, but not drunkards in our sense, since their fermented45 liquors contain so little alcohol that inordinate46 quantities must be swallowed to produce intoxication47; in the settlements they prefer the white man’s more potent48 poisons, with the result that in a small place like Manapuri one can see enacted49, as on a stage, the last act in the great American tragedy. To be succeeded, doubtless, by other and possibly greater tragedies. My thoughts at that period of suffering were pessimistic in the extreme. Sometimes, when the almost continuous rain held up for half a day, I would manage to creep out a short distance; but I was almost past making any exertion50, scarcely caring to live, and taking absolutely no interest in the news from Caracas, which reached me at long intervals51. At the end of two months, feeling a slight improvement in my health, and with it a returning interest in life and its affairs, it occurred to me to get out my diary and write a brief account of my sojourn53 at Manapuri. I had placed it for safety in a small deal box, lent to me for the purpose by a Venezuelan trader, an old resident at the settlement, by name Pantaleon — called by all Don Panta — one who openly kept half a dozen Indian wives in his house, and was noted55 for his dishonesty and greed, but who had proved himself a good friend to me. The box was in a corner of the wretched palm-thatched hovel I inhabited; but on taking it out I discovered that for several weeks the rain had been dripping on it, and that the manuscript was reduced to a sodden56 pulp57. I flung it upon the floor with a curse and threw myself back on my bed with a groan58.
In that desponding state I was found by my friend Panta, who was constant in his visits at all hours; and when in answer to his anxious inquiries59 I pointed60 to the pulpy61 mass on the mud floor, he turned it over with his foot, and then, bursting into a loud laugh, kicked it out, remarking that he had mistaken the object for some unknown reptile62 that had crawled in out of the rain. He affected63 to be astonished that I should regret its loss. It was all a true narrative64, he exclaimed; if I wished to write a book for the stay-at-homes to read, I could easily invent a thousand lies far more entertaining than any real experiences. He had come to me, he said, to propose something. He had lived twenty years at that place, and had got accustomed to the climate, but it would not do for me to remain any longer if I wished to live. I must go away at once to a different country — to the mountains, where it was open and dry. “And if you want quinine when you are there,” he concluded, “smell the wind when it blows from the south-west, and you will inhale65 it into your system, fresh from the forest.” When I remarked despondingly that in my condition it would be impossible to quit Manapuri, he went on to say that a small party of Indians was now in the settlement; that they had come, not only to trade, but to visit one of their own tribe, who was his wife, purchased some years ago from her father. “And the money she cost me I have never regretted to this day,” said he, “for she is a good wife not jealous,” he added, with a curse on all the others. These Indians came all the way from the Queneveta mountains, and were of the Maquiritari tribe. He, Panta, and, better still, his good wife would interest them on my behalf, and for a suitable reward they would take me by slow, easy stages to their own country, where I would be treated well and recover my health.
This proposal, after I had considered it well, produced so good an effect on me that I not only gave a glad consent, but, on the following day, I was able to get about and begin the preparations for my journey with some spirit.
In about eight days I bade good-bye to my generous friend Panta, whom I regarded, after having seen much of him, as a kind of savage beast that had sprung on me, not to rend66, but to rescue from death; for we know that even cruel savage brutes68 and evil men have at times sweet, beneficent impulses, during which they act in a way contrary to their natures, like passive agents of some higher power. It was a continual pain to travel in my weak condition, and the patience of my Indians was severely69 taxed; but they did not forsake70 me; and at last the entire distance, which I conjectured71 to be about sixty-five leagues, was accomplished72; and at the end I was actually stronger and better in every way than at the start. From this time my progress towards complete recovery was rapid. The air, with or without any medicinal virtue blown from the cinchona trees in the far-off Andean forest, was tonic73; and when I took my walks on the hillside above the Indian village, or later when able to climb to the summits, the world as seen from those wild Queneveta mountains had a largeness and varied74 glory of scenery peculiarly refreshing75 and delightful76 to the soul.
With the Maquiritari tribe I passed some weeks, and the sweet sensations of returning health made me happy for a time; but such sensations seldom outlast77 convalescence78. I was no sooner well again than I began to feel a restless spirit stirring in me. The monotony of savage life in this place became intolerable. After my long listless period the reaction had come, and I wished only for action, adventure — no matter how dangerous; and for new scenes, new faces, new dialects. In the end I conceived the idea of going on to the Casiquiare river, where I would find a few small settlements, and perhaps obtain help from the authorities there which would enable me to reach the Rio Negro. For it was now in my mind to follow that river to the Amazons, and so down to Para and the Atlantic coast.
Leaving the Queneveta range, I started with two of the Indians as guides and travelling companions; but their journey ended only half-way to the river I wished to reach; and they left me with some friendly savages living on the Chunapay, a tributary79 of the Cunucumana, which flows to the Orinoco. Here I had no choice but to wait until an opportunity of attaching myself to some party of travelling Indians going south-west should arrive; for by this time I had expended80 the whole of my small capital in ornaments82 and calico brought from Manapuri, so that I could no longer purchase any man’s service. And perhaps it will be as well to state at this point just what I possessed83. For some time I had worn nothing but sandals to protect my feet; my garments consisted of a single suit, and one flannel84 shirt, which I washed frequently, going shirtless while it was drying. Fortunately I had an excellent blue cloth cloak, durable85 and handsome, given to me by a friend at Angostura, whose prophecy on presenting it, that it would outlast me, very nearly came true. It served as a covering by night, and to keep a man warm and comfortable when travelling in cold and wet weather no better garment was ever made. I had a revolver and metal cartridge-box in my broad leather belt, also a good hunting-knife with strong buckhorn handle and a heavy blade about nine inches long. In the pocket of my cloak I had a pretty silver tinder-box, and a match-box — to be mentioned again in this narrative
and one or two other trifling87 objects; these I was determined to keep until they could be kept no longer.
During the tedious interval52 of waiting on the Chunapay I was told a flattering tale by the village Indians, which eventually caused me to abandon the proposed journey to the Rio Negro. These Indians wore necklets, like nearly all the Guayana savages; but one, I observed, possessed a necklet unlike that of the others, which greatly aroused my curiosity. It was made of thirteen gold plates, irregular in form, about as broad as a man’s thumb-nail, and linked together with fibres. I was allowed to examine it, and had no doubt that the pieces were of pure gold, beaten flat by the savages. When questioned about it, they said it was originally obtained from the Indians of Parahuari, and Parahuari, they further said, was a mountainous country west of the Orinoco. Every man and woman in that place, they assured me, had such a necklet. This report inflamed88 my mind to such a degree that I could not rest by night or day for dreaming golden dreams, and considering how to get to that rich district, unknown to civilized men. The Indians gravely shook their heads when I tried to persuade them to take me. They were far enough from the Orinoco, and Parahuari was ten, perhaps fifteen, days’ journey further on — a country unknown to them, where they had no relations.
In spite of difficulties and delays, however, and not without pain and some perilous89 adventures, I succeeded at last in reaching the upper Orinoco, and, eventually, in crossing to the other side. With my life in my hand I struggled on westward90 through an unknown difficult country, from Indian village to village, where at any moment I might have been murdered with impunity91 for the sake of my few belongings92. It is hard for me to speak a good word for the Guayana savages; but I must now say this of them, that they not only did me no harm when I was at their mercy during this long journey, but they gave me shelter in their villages, and fed me when I was hungry, and helped me on my way when I could make no return. You must not, however, run away with the idea that there is any sweetness in their disposition93, any humane94 or benevolent95 instincts such as are found among the civilized nations: far from it. I regard them now, and, fortunately for me, I regarded them then, when, as I have said, I was at their mercy, as beasts of prey96, plus a cunning or low kind of intelligence vastly greater than that of the brute67; and, for only morality, that respect for the rights of other members of the same family, or tribe, without which even the rudest communities cannot hold together. How, then, could I do this thing, and dwell and travel freely, without receiving harm, among tribes that have no peace with and no kindly97 feelings towards the stranger, in a district where the white man is rarely or never seen? Because I knew them so well. Without that knowledge, always available, and an extreme facility in acquiring new dialects, which had increased by practice until it was almost like intuition, I should have fared badly after leaving the Maquiritari tribe. As it was, I had two or three very narrow escapes.
To return from this digression. I looked at last on the famous Parahuari mountains, which, I was greatly surprised to find, were after all nothing but hills, and not very high ones. This, however, did not impress me. The very fact that Parahuari possessed no imposing98 feature in its scenery seemed rather to prove that it must be rich in gold: how else could its name and the fame of its treasures be familiar to people dwelling99 so far away as the Cunucumana?
But there was no gold. I searched through the whole range, which was about seven leagues long, and visited the villages, where I talked much with the Indians, interrogating100 them, and they had no necklets of gold, nor gold in any form; nor had they ever heard of its presence in Parahuari or in any other place known to them.
The very last village where I spoke101 on the subject of my quest, albeit102 now without hope, was about a league from the western extremity103 of the range, in the midst of a high broken country of forest and savannah and many swift streams; near one of these, called the Curicay, the village stood, among low scattered trees — a large building, in which all the people, numbering eighteen, passed most of their time when not hunting, with two smaller buildings attached to it. The head, or chief, Runi by name, was about fifty years old, a taciturn, finely formed, and somewhat dignified104 savage, who was either of a sullen105 disposition or not well pleased at the intrusion of a white man. And for a time I made no attempt to conciliate him. What profit was there in it at all? Even that light mask, which I had worn so long and with such good effect, incommoded me now: I would cast it aside and be myself — silent and sullen as my barbarous host. If any malignant106 purpose was taking form in his mind, let it, and let him do his worst; for when failure first stares a man in the face, it has so dark and repellent a look that not anything that can be added can make him more miserable; nor has he any apprehension107. For weeks I had been searching with eager, feverish108 eyes in every village, in every rocky crevice109, in every noisy mountain streamlet, for the glittering yellow dust I had travelled so far to find. And now all my beautiful dreams — all the pleasure and power to be — had vanished like a mere110 mirage111 on the savannah at noon.
It was a day of despair which I spent in this place, sitting all day indoors, for it was raining hard, immersed in my own gloomy thoughts, pretending to doze54 in my seat, and out of the narrow slits112 of my half-closed eyes seeing the others, also sitting or moving about, like shadows or people in a dream; and I cared nothing about them, and wished not to seem friendly, even for the sake of the food they might offer me by and by.
Towards evening the rain ceased; and rising up I went out a short distance to the neighbouring stream, where I sat on a stone and, casting off my sandals, raved113 my bruised114 feet in the cool running water. The western half of the sky was blue again with that tender lucid115 blue seen after rain, but the leaves still glittered with water, and the wet trunks looked almost black under the green foliage116. The rare loveliness of the scene touched and lightened my heart. Away back in the east the hills of Parahuari, with the level sun full on them, loomed117 with a strange glory against the grey rainy clouds drawing off on that side, and their new mystic beauty almost made me forget how these same hills had wearied, and hurt, and mocked me. On that side, also to the north and south, there was open forest, but to the west a different prospect118 met the eye. Beyond the stream and the strip of verdure that fringed it, and the few scattered dwarf119 trees growing near its banks, spread a brown savannah sloping upwards120 to a long, low, rocky ridge86, beyond which rose a great solitary121 hill, or rather mountain, conical in form, and clothed in forest almost to the summit. This was the mountain Ytaioa, the chief landmark122 in that district. As the sun went down over the ridge, beyond the savannah, the whole western sky changed to a delicate rose colour that had the appearance of rose-coloured smoke blown there by some far off-wind, and left suspended — a thin, brilliant veil showing through it the distant sky beyond, blue and ethereal. Flocks of birds, a kind of troupial, were flying past me overhead, flock succeeding flock, on their way to their roosting-place, uttering as they flew a clear, bell-like chirp123; and there was something ethereal too in those drops of melodious124 sound, which fell into my heart like raindrops falling into a pool to mix their fresh heavenly water with the water of earth.
Doubtless into the turbid125 tarn126 of my heart some sacred drops had fallen — from the passing birds, from that crimson127 disk which had now dropped below the horizon, the darkening hills, the rose and blue of infinite heaven, from the whole visible circle; and I felt purified and had a strange sense and apprehension of a secret innocence128 and spirituality in nature — a prescience of some bourn, incalculably distant perhaps, to which we are all moving; of a time when the heavenly rain shall have washed us clean from all spot and blemish14. This unexpected peace which I had found now seemed to me of infinitely129 greater value than that yellow metal I had missed finding, with all its possibilities. My wish now was to rest for a season at this spot, so remote and lovely and peaceful, where I had experienced such unusual feelings and such a blessed disillusionment.
This was the end of my second period in Guayana: the first had been filled with that dream of a book to win me fame in my country, perhaps even in Europe; the second, from the time of leaving the Queneveta mountains, with the dream of boundless130 wealth — the old dream of gold in this region that has drawn so many minds since the days of Francisco Pizarro. But to remain I must propitiate131 Runi, sitting silent with gloomy brows over there indoors; and he did not appear to me like one that might be won with words, however flattering. It was clear to me that the time had come to part with my one remaining valuable trinket — the tinder-box of chased silver.
I returned to the house and, going in, seated myself on a log by the fire, just opposite to my grim host, who was smoking and appeared not to have moved since I left him. I made myself a cigarette, then drew out the tinder-box, with its flint and steel attached to it by means of two small silver chains. His eyes brightened a little as they curiously132 watched my movements, and he pointed without speaking to the glowing coals of fire at my feet. I shook my head, and striking the steel, sent out a brilliant spray of sparks, then blew on the tinder and lit my cigarette.
This done, instead of returning the box to my pocket I passed the chain through the buttonhole of my cloak and let it dangle133 on my breast as an ornament81. When the cigarette was smoked, I cleared my throat in the orthodox manner and fixed134 my eyes on Runi, who, on his part, made a slight movement to indicate that he was ready to listen to what I had to say.
My speech was long, lasting135 at least half an hour, delivered in a profound silence; it was chiefly occupied with an account of my wanderings in Guayana; and being little more than a catalogue of names of all the places I had visited, and the tribes and chief or head men with whom I had come in contact, I was able to speak continuously, and so to hide my ignorance of a dialect which was still new to me. The Guayana savage judges a man for his staying powers. To stand as motionless as a bronze statue for one or two hours watching for a bird; to sit or lie still for half a day; to endure pain, not seldom self-inflicted, without wincing136; and when delivering a speech to pour it out in a copious137 stream, without pausing to take breath or hesitating over a word — to be able to do all this is to prove yourself a man, an equal, one to be respected and even made a friend of. What I really wished to say to him was put in a few words at the conclusion of my well-nigh meaningless oration138. Everywhere, I said, I had been the Indian’s friend, and I wished to be his friend, to live with him at Parahuari, even as I had lived with other chiefs and heads of villages and families; to be looked on by him, as these others had looked on me, not as a stranger or a white man, but as a friend, a brother, an Indian.
I ceased speaking, and there was a slight murmurous139 sound in the room, as of wind long pent up in many lungs suddenly exhaled140; while Runi, still unmoved, emitted a low grunt141. Then I rose, and detaching the silver ornament from my cloak, presented it to him. He accepted it; not very graciously, as a stranger to these people might have imagined; but I was satisfied, feeling sure that I had made a favourable142 impression. After a little he handed the box to the person sitting next to him, who examined it and passed it on to a third, and in this way it went round and came back once more to Runi. Then he called for a drink. There happened to be a store of casserie in the house; probably the women had been busy for some days past in making it, little thinking that it was destined to be prematurely143 consumed. A large jarful was produced; Runi politely quaffed144 the first cup; I followed; then the others; and the women drank also, a woman taking about one cupful to a man’s three. Runi and I, however, drank the most, for we had our positions as the two principal personages there to maintain. Tongues were loosened now; for the alcohol, small as the quantity contained in this mild liquor is, had begun to tell on our brains. I had not their pottle-shaped stomach, made to hold unlimited quantities of meat and drink; but I was determined on this most important occasion not to deserve my host’s contempt — to be compared, perhaps, to the small bird that delicately picks up six drops of water in its bill and is satisfied. I would measure my strength against his, and if necessary drink myself into a state of insensibility.
At last I was scarcely able to stand on my legs. But even the seasoned old savage was affected by this time. In vino veritas, said the ancients; and the principle holds good where there is no vinum, but only mild casserie. Runi now informed me that he had once known a white man, that he was a bad man, which had caused him to say that all white men were bad; even as David, still more sweepingly145, had proclaimed that all men were liars146. Now he found that it was not so, that I was a good man. His friendliness147 increased with intoxication. He presented me with a curious little tinder-box, made from the conical tail of an armadillo, hollowed out, and provided with a wooden stopper — this to be used in place of the box I had deprived myself of. He also furnished me with a grass hammock, and had it hung up there and then, so that I could lie down when inclined. There was nothing he would not do for me. And at last, when many more cups had been emptied, and a third or fourth jar brought out, he began to unburthen his heart of its dark and dangerous secrets. He shed tears — for the “man without at ear” dwells not in the woods of Guayana: tears for those who had been treacherously148 slain149 long years ago; for his father, who had been killed by Tripica, the father of Managa, who was still above ground. But let him and all his people beware of Runi. He had spilt their blood before, he had fed the fox and vulture with their flesh, and would never rest while Managa lived with his people at Uritay — the five hills of Uritay, which were two days’ journey from Parahuari. While thus talking of his old enemy he lashed150 himself into a kind of frenzy151, smiting152 his chest and gnashing his teeth; and finally seizing a spear, he buried its point deep into the clay floor, only to wrench153 it out and strike it into the earth again and again, to show how he would serve Managa, and any one of Managa’s people he might meet with — man, woman, or child. Then he staggered out from the door to flourish his spear; and looking to the north-west, he shouted aloud to Managa to come and slay154 his people and burn down his house, as he had so often threatened to do.
“Let him come! Let Managa come!” I cried, staggering out after him. “I am your friend, your brother; I have no spear and no arrows, but I have this — this!” And here I drew out and flourished my revolver. “Where is Managa?” I continued. “Where are the hills of Uritay?” He pointed to a star low down in the south-west. “Then,” I shouted, “let this bullet find Managa, sitting by the fire among his people, and let him fall and pour out his blood on the ground!” And with that I discharged my pistol in the direction he had pointed to. A scream of terror burst out from the women and children, while Runi at my side, in an access of fierce delight and admiration155, turned and embraced me. It was the first and last embrace I ever suffered from a naked male savage, and although this did not seem a time for fastidious feelings, to be hugged to his sweltering body was an unpleasant experience.
More cups of casserie followed this outburst; and at last, unable to keep it up any longer, I staggered to my hammock; but being unable to get into it, Runi, overflowing156 with kindness, came to my assistance, whereupon we fell and rolled together on the floor. Finally I was raised by the others and tumbled into my swinging bed, and fell at once into a deep, dreamless sleep, from which I did not awake until after sunrise on the following morning.
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savages
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| 未开化的人，野蛮人( savage的名词复数 ) | |
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savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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illiterate
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| adj.文盲的；无知的；n.文盲 | |
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zealous
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| adj.狂热的，热心的 | |
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cliques
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| n.小集团，小圈子，派系( clique的名词复数 ) | |
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clique
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| n.朋党派系，小集团 | |
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temperament
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| n.气质，性格，性情 | |
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inevitable
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| adj.不可避免的，必然发生的 | |
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conspiracy
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| n.阴谋，密谋，共谋 | |
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immoral
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| adj.不道德的，淫荡的，荒淫的，有伤风化的 | |
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virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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tiresome
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| adj.令人疲劳的，令人厌倦的 | |
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profusion
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| n.挥霍；丰富 | |
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blemish
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| v.损害；玷污；瑕疵，缺点 | |
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15
motives
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| n.动机，目的( motive的名词复数 ) | |
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16
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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overthrow
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| v.推翻，打倒，颠覆；n.推翻，瓦解，颠覆 | |
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18
worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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19
precipitated
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| v.（突如其来地）使发生( precipitate的过去式和过去分词 )；促成；猛然摔下；使沉淀 | |
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scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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21
embarkation
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| n. 乘船, 搭机, 开船 | |
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22
peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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23
countless
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| adj.无数的，多得不计其数的 | |
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24
primitive
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| adj.原始的；简单的；n.原(始)人，原始事物 | |
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25
wilderness
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| n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠 | |
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26
unlimited
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| adj.无限的，不受控制的，无条件的 | |
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27
determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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28
decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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29
penetrate
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| v.透(渗)入；刺入，刺穿；洞察，了解 | |
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30
upheavals
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| 突然的巨变( upheaval的名词复数 )； 大动荡； 大变动； 胀起 | |
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31
adventurous
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| adj.爱冒险的；惊心动魄的，惊险的，刺激的 | |
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32
complaisant
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| adj.顺从的，讨好的 | |
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33
ascended
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| v.上升，攀登( ascend的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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34
Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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35
civilized
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| a.有教养的，文雅的 | |
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36
procure
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| vt.获得，取得，促成；vi.拉皮条 | |
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37
incentive
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| n.刺激；动力；鼓励；诱因；动机 | |
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38
destined
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| adj.命中注定的；(for)以…为目的地的 | |
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39
miserable
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| adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的 | |
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40
marsh
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| n.沼泽，湿地 | |
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41
myriads
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| n.无数，极大数量( myriad的名词复数 ) | |
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42
croaking
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| v.呱呱地叫( croak的现在分词 )；用粗的声音说 | |
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43
mustered
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| v.集合，召集，集结（尤指部队）( muster的过去式和过去分词 )；（自他人处）搜集某事物；聚集；激发 | |
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44
degenerate
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| v.退步，堕落；adj.退步的，堕落的；n.堕落者 | |
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45
fermented
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| v.（使）发酵( ferment的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）激动；骚动；骚扰 | |
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46
inordinate
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| adj.无节制的；过度的 | |
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47
intoxication
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| n.wild excitement;drunkenness；poisoning | |
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48
potent
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| adj.强有力的，有权势的；有效力的 | |
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49
enacted
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| 制定（法律），通过（法案）( enact的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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50
exertion
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| n.尽力，努力 | |
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51
intervals
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| n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 )；间隔时间；[数学]区间；（戏剧、电影或音乐会的）幕间休息 | |
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52
interval
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| n.间隔，间距；幕间休息，中场休息 | |
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53
sojourn
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| v./n.旅居，寄居；逗留 | |
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54
doze
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| v.打瞌睡；n.打盹，假寐 | |
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55
noted
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| adj.著名的，知名的 | |
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56
sodden
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| adj.浑身湿透的；v.使浸透；使呆头呆脑 | |
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57
pulp
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| n.果肉，纸浆；v.化成纸浆，除去...果肉，制成纸浆 | |
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58
groan
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| vi./n.呻吟，抱怨；(发出)呻吟般的声音 | |
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59
inquiries
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| n.调查( inquiry的名词复数 )；疑问；探究；打听 | |
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60
pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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61
pulpy
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| 果肉状的，多汁的，柔软的； 烂糊； 稀烂 | |
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62
reptile
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| n.爬行动物；两栖动物 | |
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63
affected
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| adj.不自然的，假装的 | |
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64
narrative
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| n.叙述，故事；adj.叙事的，故事体的 | |
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65
inhale
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| v.吸入(气体等)，吸(烟) | |
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66
rend
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| vt.把…撕开，割裂；把…揪下来，强行夺取 | |
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67
brute
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| n.野兽，兽性 | |
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68
brutes
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| 兽( brute的名词复数 )； 畜生； 残酷无情的人； 兽性 | |
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69
severely
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| adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地 | |
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70
forsake
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| vt.遗弃，抛弃；舍弃，放弃 | |
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71
conjectured
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| 推测，猜测，猜想( conjecture的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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72
accomplished
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| adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的 | |
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73
tonic
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| n./adj.滋补品，补药，强身的，健体的 | |
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74
varied
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| adj.多样的，多变化的 | |
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75
refreshing
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| adj.使精神振作的，使人清爽的，使人喜欢的 | |
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76
delightful
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| adj.令人高兴的，使人快乐的 | |
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77
outlast
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| v.较…耐久 | |
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78
convalescence
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| n.病后康复期 | |
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79
tributary
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| n.支流；纳贡国；adj.附庸的；辅助的；支流的 | |
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80
expended
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| v.花费( expend的过去式和过去分词 )；使用（钱等）做某事；用光；耗尽 | |
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81
ornament
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| v.装饰，美化；n.装饰，装饰物 | |
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82
ornaments
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| n.装饰( ornament的名词复数 )；点缀；装饰品；首饰v.装饰，点缀，美化( ornament的第三人称单数 ) | |
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83
possessed
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|
| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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84
flannel
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| n.法兰绒；法兰绒衣服 | |
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85
durable
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| adj.持久的，耐久的 | |
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86
ridge
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| n.山脊；鼻梁；分水岭 | |
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87
trifling
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| adj.微不足道的；没什么价值的 | |
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88
inflamed
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| adj.发炎的，红肿的v.（使）变红，发怒，过热( inflame的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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89
perilous
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| adj.危险的，冒险的 | |
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90
westward
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| n.西方，西部；adj.西方的，向西的；adv.向西 | |
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91
impunity
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| n.(惩罚、损失、伤害等的)免除 | |
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92
belongings
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| n.私人物品，私人财物 | |
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93
disposition
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| n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署 | |
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94
humane
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| adj.人道的，富有同情心的 | |
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95
benevolent
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| adj.仁慈的，乐善好施的 | |
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96
prey
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| n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨 | |
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97
kindly
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| adj.和蔼的，温和的，爽快的；adv.温和地，亲切地 | |
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98
imposing
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| adj.使人难忘的，壮丽的，堂皇的，雄伟的 | |
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99
dwelling
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| n.住宅，住所，寓所 | |
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100
interrogating
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| n.询问技术v.询问( interrogate的现在分词 )；审问；（在计算机或其他机器上）查询 | |
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101
spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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102
albeit
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| conj.即使；纵使；虽然 | |
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103
extremity
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| n.末端，尽头；尽力；终极；极度 | |
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104
dignified
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| a.可敬的，高贵的 | |
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105
sullen
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| adj.愠怒的，闷闷不乐的，(天气等)阴沉的 | |
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106
malignant
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| adj.恶性的，致命的；恶意的，恶毒的 | |
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107
apprehension
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| n.理解，领悟；逮捕，拘捕；忧虑 | |
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108
feverish
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| adj.发烧的，狂热的，兴奋的 | |
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109
crevice
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| n.(岩石、墙等)裂缝；缺口 | |
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110
mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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111
mirage
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| n.海市蜃楼，幻景 | |
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112
slits
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| n.狭长的口子，裂缝( slit的名词复数 )v.切开，撕开( slit的第三人称单数 )；在…上开狭长口子 | |
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113
raved
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| v.胡言乱语( rave的过去式和过去分词 )；愤怒地说；咆哮；痴心地说 | |
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114
bruised
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| [医]青肿的，瘀紫的 | |
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115
lucid
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| adj.明白易懂的，清晰的，头脑清楚的 | |
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116
foliage
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| n.叶子，树叶，簇叶 | |
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117
loomed
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| v.隐约出现，阴森地逼近( loom的过去式和过去分词 )；隐约出现，阴森地逼近 | |
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118
prospect
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| n.前景，前途；景色，视野 | |
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119
dwarf
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| n.矮子，侏儒，矮小的动植物；vt.使…矮小 | |
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120
upwards
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| adv.向上，在更高处...以上 | |
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121
solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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122
landmark
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| n.陆标，划时代的事，地界标 | |
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123
chirp
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| v.(尤指鸟)唧唧喳喳的叫 | |
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124
melodious
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| adj.旋律美妙的，调子优美的，音乐性的 | |
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125
turbid
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| adj.混浊的，泥水的，浓的 | |
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126
tarn
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| n.山中的小湖或小潭 | |
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127
crimson
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| n./adj.深(绯)红色(的)；vi.脸变绯红色 | |
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128
innocence
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| n.无罪；天真；无害 | |
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129
infinitely
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| adv.无限地，无穷地 | |
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130
boundless
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| adj.无限的；无边无际的；巨大的 | |
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131
propitiate
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| v.慰解，劝解 | |
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132
curiously
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| adv.有求知欲地；好问地；奇特地 | |
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133
dangle
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| v.(使)悬荡，(使)悬垂 | |
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134
fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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135
lasting
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| adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持 | |
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136
wincing
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| 赶紧避开，畏缩( wince的现在分词 ) | |
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137
copious
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| adj.丰富的，大量的 | |
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138
oration
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| n.演说，致辞，叙述法 | |
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139
murmurous
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| adj.低声的 | |
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140
exhaled
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| v.呼出，发散出( exhale的过去式和过去分词 )；吐出（肺中的空气、烟等），呼气 | |
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141
grunt
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| v.嘟哝；作呼噜声；n.呼噜声，嘟哝 | |
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142
favourable
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| adj.赞成的，称赞的，有利的，良好的，顺利的 | |
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143
prematurely
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| adv.过早地，贸然地 | |
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144
quaffed
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| v.痛饮( quaff的过去式和过去分词 )；畅饮；大口大口将…喝干；一饮而尽 | |
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145
sweepingly
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| adv.扫荡地 | |
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146
liars
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| 说谎者( liar的名词复数 ) | |
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147
friendliness
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| n.友谊，亲切，亲密 | |
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148
treacherously
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| 背信弃义地； 背叛地； 靠不住地； 危险地 | |
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149
slain
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| 杀死，宰杀，杀戮( slay的过去分词 )； (slay的过去分词) | |
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150
lashed
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| adj.具睫毛的v.鞭打( lash的过去式和过去分词 )；煽动；紧系；怒斥 | |
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151
frenzy
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| n.疯狂，狂热，极度的激动 | |
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152
smiting
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| v.猛打，重击，打击( smite的现在分词 ) | |
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153
wrench
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| v.猛拧；挣脱；使扭伤；n.扳手；痛苦，难受 | |
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154
slay
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| v.杀死，宰杀，杀戮 | |
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155
admiration
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| n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕 | |
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156
overflowing
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| n. 溢出物,溢流 adj. 充沛的，充满的 动词overflow的现在分词形式 | |
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