“And therefore is the glorious planet, Sol,
In noble eminence2 enthron’d and spher’d
Amidst the ether, whose medicinable eye
Corrects the ill aspects of planets evil.”
SHAKESPEARE.
Twelve years of open-air life in tropical Queensland persuade me that I am entitled to prerogative3 of speech, not as an oracle4 or a prophet on the prodigious5 subject of the weather at large, but of the effect thereof on my sensations and constitution, since the greater part of that period has been spent under conditions calculated to put them to the test. Especially has the sun given penetrating6 tastes of his quality and bestowed7 enduring marks of his favour. During these twelve joyful8 years the annual rainfall has averaged over 131 inches, the average number of days on which rain has fallen being 134. Of the heat of the sun during the hottest month of the year let two unstudied records speak. As January 29, 1907, gave early promise of exceptional heat, I watched the thermometer closely, noting the consistency9 with which its ups and downs tallied10 with my perceptions These are the readings:
Deg.
6 a.m. 75
10 a.m. 94
Noon 96
12.30 p.m. 97
1 p.m. 98
3 p.m. 97
4 p.m. 88
5 p.m. 85
6 p.m. 82
In the sun at 1 p.m. the glass registered 108°, at 2 p.m. 110°, and at 3 p.m. 107°. A thunderstorm accounted for the rather early culmination12 of the temperature and its rapid decline.
The shade temperature of January, 1910, at 6.30 a.m. was 73°, at 3 p.m. 88°. The sun registered 98° on the hottest day of that month when my diary tells me I took part in the erection of rough fencing, horse-driving, and lifting and carrying logs.
This salubrious sun does not excuse man from day labour in unshaded scenes. During January, I, who am blessed with but slight muscular strength and no inherent powers of resistance to noontide flames, have toiled14 laboriously15 without registering more than due fatigue16. Those accustomed to manual work experience but little inconvenience. It would be palpably indiscreet and vain to say that outdoor work in excessive heat involves no discomfort17, but it may be truthfully asserted that midday suspension therefrom, though pleasant, is not absolutely necessary, at any rate where the environment is such as this.
Bounteous19 rain and glorious sunshine in combination might seem to constitute a climate unsuitable to persons of English birth, or at least trying to their preconceptions of the ideal. My own experience is entirely20, enthusiastically favourable21. I proffer22 myself as an example, since there is none other upon whom publicity23 may be thrust, and really in the spirit of performing an inevitable24 duty, such duty being comprehended in the fervent25 desire to proclaim from the lowly height of my housetop how health unbought and happiness unrealisable may be enjoyed in this delicately equable clime.
When I landed feebly on September 28, 1897, and crawled up on the beach beyond the datum26 of the most recent high tide to throw myself prone27 on the consoling sand I was worn, world-weary, and pale, and weighed 8 st. 4 lb. Now my weight is 10 st. 2 lb., and my complexion28 uniformly sun-tinted. Perhaps it would be more exact to say that my uniform has been bestowed by the sun, because having early discovered the needlessness of clothes — that “the body is more than raiment”— most of the apparel in which civilisation29 flaunts30 was promptly31 discarded, and through the few thin things retained the sun soon worked his will. Latterly while in the open air I have abandoned the principal part of the superfluous32 remnant, to the enjoyment33 of additional comfort and the increase of self-complacency. As a final violation34 of my reserve be it proclaimed that to the super-excellence of the air of the Island, to the tonic35 of the sea, and to the graciousness of his Majesty the Sun — in whose radiance have I gloried — do I owe, perhaps, salvation36 from that which tributary37 friends in their meed of tenderness predicted — an untimely grave.
It is natural that those who live in cold climates and who wear for their comfort clothing designed to exclude the air from all parts of the body save the face should be steeped in conservatism; but the farther one ventures from the chaste38 opinion of the world the less subserviency39 he shows to customs and habits authoritative40 and relevant among century-settled folk, and the more readily he adapts himself to his environment the sooner does he become a true citizen of the country which he has chosen. Preconceptions he must discard as unfit, if not fatal. He is an alien until he learns to house, feed, and dress himself in accordance with the inviolable laws which Nature prescribes to each and every portion of her spacious41 and discordant42 realm.
Was I to remain fully18 clad and comfortless, or the reverse? The indulgence of my sensations has brought about revolutionary changes of costume and custom. Such changes were bound to react mentally, for are they not merely the symbols of ideas? Once it was unseemly, if not uncleanly, to perspire44 freely. Now the function is looked upon as necessary, wholesome45, and the sign of one’s loyalty46 to the sun. The sun compels thoughts. Daily, hourly does he exact homage47 and reign48 supreme49 over mind, body, and estate. So commanding is his rule, so apparent his goodwill50, so speedy his punishment for sins of disobedience, so influential51 his presence, that I have come to look up to him as the transcendent manifestation52 of that power which ordains53 life and all its privileges and abolishes all the noisesomeness of death. Alive, he nourishes, comforts, consoles, corrects us. Dead, all that is mortal he transforms into ethereal and vital gases. Obey him, and he blesses; flout54 him, and you perish.
An old historian of sport quaintly55 expressed a correct theory as to the virtue56 of profuse57 perspiration58: “And when the hunters do their office on horseback and on foot, they sweat often; then if they have any evil in them it must come away in the sweating; so that he keep from cold after the heat.” So does the wise man in the tropics regard perspiration — not as an offensive, certainly not as a pleasant function, but as one that is really inevitable and conducive59 to cleanliness and health.
Can the man who swathes his body in ever so many separate, superimposed, artificial skins, and who is careful to banish60 purifying air from contact with him, save on the rare occasions of the bath, be as healthful as he who furnishes himself with but a single superfluous skin, and that as thin and penetrable61 as the laws which hold society together permit?
The play of the sterilising sun on the brown, moist skin is not only tolerable but delightful62 — refreshing63 and purifying the body, while even light cotton clothing saturated64 to the dripping stage with perspiration represents the acme65 of discomfort, and if unchanged a good deal of the actually unwholesome.
All the hotter hours of the day have I worked in the bush felling trees, sawing and splitting logs, and adzing rough timber, the while November’s unclouded sun evaporated perspiration almost as speedily as it flowed from high-pressure pores. There was no sensation of overheat, although the arms might weary with the swinging of the heavy maul and the back respond with aches to the stiffened66 attitude imposed by the adze.
Then at sundown to plunge67 into the tepid68 sea, to frolic and splash therein, while the red light in the west began to pale and the pink and silver surface of the ocean faded to grey; then to a vigorous soaping and scrubbing in the shady creek69, where the orange-tinted drupes of pandanus-palms give to the cool water a balsamic savour; then, clad in clean cotton, to the evening meal with a prodigious appetite; and to bed at nine o’clock to sleep murmurlessly for eight hours — tell me if thus you are not fitted for another day’s toil13 in the sublimating70 sunshine!
A medical man on the staff of one of the earliest of European voyages in the Pacific Ocean expressed the opinion that the “cutaneous disorders71 which so generally affect the inhabitants in the neighbourhood of the equator are caused by an acrimonious72 alteration73 of the humours brought on by the great heat of these climates”; and he adds: “I have no doubt that the constant action of the air and sun upon the skin of the people who go continually naked contributes much to these maladies, and renders them more obstinate74.” Though it would be presumptuous75 to pose as counsel for the defence of his Majesty the Sun, one who is blessed with so many of the privileges he bestows76 cannot ignore so scandalous albeit77 musty a libel which time, the only dispassionate judge, has long since condemned78 in respect of the generality of manhood. It is surprising, too, that Byron, though he revelled79 in the sea, was also under a delusion80 as to the more vitalising element, for he fancied the scorching82 rays to be “impregnate with disease,” whereas the sun, the sea, and, in lesser83 degree, the torrid sand do actually represent “the spice and salt which season a man,” and are the elements whence are derived84 many of his cleanest, superfine thoughts.
Kinship with his Majesty the Sun of the tropics is not to be claimed offhand85. The imperious luminary86 does not grant his letters-patent to all. Very few does he permit to wanton in his presence without exacting87 probation88. He is a rare respecter of persons. Though there are faces, like King Henry V.‘s, which the sun will not condescend89 to burn, sometimes he smites90 savagely91. He makes of the countenances92 of his foes93 a fry and of their bodies a comprehensive granulation. But if you find favour in his eyes — in those discriminating94, ruthless, sight-absorbing glances which none may reciprocate95 — accept your privileges with a thrill of chastened pride that you may bask96 in his presence and be worthy97 his livery and of gladsome mind. The harpings of the sweet singer of Israel could not have been more effectual in the dispersal of depression than the steadfast98 beams of the sun supreme in tropic sky.
Let the sun scorch81 the skin and blister99 it until it peels, and scorches100 and peels again, and scorches and peels alternately until, having no more dominion101 over the flesh, it tinctures the very blood and transmutes102 mere43 ruddiness to bronze. Thereafter you know not for ever the pallor of the street for have you not the gold of the sun in your blood and his iron in your bones?
Of the graciousness of the sun a special instance has been preserved in my erratic103 diary. Here it is: November 24, 1908: Spent from 10 a.m. to 1.15 p.m. on the beach and on the Isle104 of Purtaboi, bare-limbed, bare-bodied, save for scant105 cotton pants. Above high-water mark the sand was scorchingly hot to the feet. The heat of the glowing coral drift on the Isle forced me promptly to amend106 my methodic gait to a quick step, though my hardened soles soon became indifferent. Nutmeg pigeons were nesting plentifully107 on trees and shrubs108 amongst masses of orchids109, and on ledges110 almost obscured by grass. Brown-winged terns occupied cool nooks and crannies in the rocks, and other species of terns had egg reserves — they cannot be called nests — on the unshaded coral bank. After gazing intently on the white drift, eagerly making mental notes of any remarkable111 mutations in the colouring of the thickly strewn eggs, and admiring the fortitude112 or indifference113 with which the fledglings endured the sizzling heat, I found myself subject to an optical illusion, for when I looked up and abroad the brightly gleaming sea had been changed to inky purple, the hills of the mainland to black. Though absolutely cloudless, the sky seemed oppressed with slaty114 gloom, and the leaves of the trees near at hand assumed a leaden green. For a few seconds I was convinced that some almost unearthly meteorological phenomenon, before which the most resolute115 of men might cower116, had developed with theatrical117 suddenness. Then I realised that the intense glare of the coral, of which I had been unconscious, and the quivering heat rays had temporarily deprived my vision of appreciation118 of ordinary tints119. Saturated by vivid white light, my bemused sight swayed under temporary aberration120. I was conscious of illusion creating symptoms, tipsy with excess of sunshine. This condition passing, I found the atmosphere, though hot, pleasant and refreshing, the labour of rowing across the bay involving no unusual exertion121 or sense of discomfort. During my brief absence the beach of the island seemed to have absorbed still more effectively solar rays. “Scoot” (my terrier, exulting122 companion on land and sea) skipped in sprightly123 fashion across the burning zone, while I was fain to walk on the grass, the sandy track being impracticable to bare feet. In the house protests against the intolerance of the sun were rife124. Crockery on the kitchen shelves seemed to have been artificially heated, while the head of an axe125 exposed to the glare was blisteringly hot. Yet to me in the open air, most scantily126 draped and wearing a frayed127, loopholed, and battered128 straw hat, the sunbath had been a pleasant and exhilarating indulgence in no way remarkable on the score of temperature.
Dress, other than fulfils the dictates129 of decency130, is not only unimportant but incongruous and vexatious. During bright but cloudless days the less worn the higher the degree of comfort, and upon comfort happiness depends. Sick of a surfeit131 of pleasures, the whining132 monarch133, counselled by his soothsayers, ransacked134 his kingdom for the shirt of a happy subject. He found the enviable man — a toil-worn hind135 who had never fidgeted under the discomfort of the badge of respectability.
In his native state the black fellow is nearer the ideal than the white alien in his body clothes, starched136 shirt, high collar, cloth suit, and felt hat. The needs and means of the black are non-existent. His dress corresponds, whereas the white usurper137 of his territory — servile to the malignant138 impositions of custom and fashion — suffers from general superfluity and winces139 under his sufferings. Would he not be wiser owning subservience140 to the sun, and adopting dress suitable to actual needs and the dominant141 characteristics of the land of the sun? He would pant less, drink less, perspire less, be more wholesome and sweeter in temper, and more worthy of citizenship142 under the sun, against whose sway there can be no revolt. Kings and queens are under his rule and governance. His companionship disdains143 ceremonious livery, scorns ribbands, and scoffs144 at gew-gaws. Bronze is his colour, native worth the only wear.
Whosoever has seen (himself unseen) an unsophisticated North Queensland black parading his native strand145 has seen a lord of creation — an inferior species, but still a lord. His bold front, fluent carriage, springy step, alert, confident, superior air proclaim him so, innocent though he be of the frailest146 insignia of civilisation. The monarch arrayed in seven colours ascends147 the steps of his throne with no prouder mien149 than that in which the naked child of the sun lords it over the empty spaces.
In civility to his Majesty the Sun do I also proudly testify to his transcendent gifts as a painter in the facile media which here prevail. Look upon his coming and his going — an international, universal property, an ecstatic delight, an awesome150 marvel151, upon which we gaze, of which we cannot speak, lacking roseate phrases. A landscape painter also is he, for have I not seen his boldest brush at work and stood amazed at the magnificence of his art?
Do those who live in temperate152 and cold climates realise the effect of the sun’s heat on the sea — how warm, how hot, blessed by his beams, the water may become? The luxuriousness153 of bathing in an ocean having a temperature of 108° is not for the multitude who crowd in reeking154 cities which the sun touches tremulously and slantwise.
On November 21, 1909 (far be it from me to bundle out into an apathetic155 world whimpering facts lacking the legitimacy156 of dates), we bathed at Moo-jee in shallow water on the edge of an area of denuded157 coral reef fully two miles long by a mile broad. For three hours a considerable portion of the reef had been exposed to the glare of the sun, and the incoming tide filched158 heat, stored by solar rays, from coral and stones and sand. The first wallow provoked an exclamation159 of amazement160, for the water was several degrees hotter than the air, and it was the hottest hour (3 p.m.) of an extremely hot day. No thermometer was at hand to register the actual temperature of the water, but subsequent tests at the same spot under similar conditions proved that on the thermometerless occasion the sea was about 108° F. — that is, the surface stratum161 of about one foot, which averaged from 4° to 6° F. hotter than the air. Beneath, the temperature seemed ordinary — corresponding with that of the water a hundred yards out from the shore. This delectable162 experience revealed that in bathing something more is comprehended than mere physical pleasure. It touched and tingled163 a refined aesthetic164 emotion, an enlightened consciousness of the surroundings, remote from gross bodily sensations. For the time being one was immersed, not in heated salt water only but in the purifying essence of the scene — the glowing sky, stainless165, pallid166, and pure; the gleaming, scarcely visible, fictitious167 sea and the bold blue isles168 beyond; the valley whence whiffs of cool, fern-filtered, odorous air issued shyly from the shadowed land of the jungle through the embowered lips of the creek. The blend of these elements reacted on the perceptions, rendering169 the bathe in two temperatures that of a lifetime and a means also whereby the clarified senses were first stimulated170 and then soothed171. With an occasional lounge on the soft sand, when the body became clad in a costume of mica172 spangles and finely comminuted shell grit173, the bathe continued for two hours, with an after effect of sleek174 and silky content.
Another date (January 10, 1910) may verify details of such a sybaritic soak in the sea as is to be indulged in only in the tropics and remote from the turmoil175 of man. Between noon and 3 p.m. the thermometer hanging on the wall of the house under the veranda176, five feet from the corrugated177 iron roof, wavered between 89° and 90°, while the unshaded sun registered 98°. My noontide bath failed to detect any difference in temperature between air and water, and putting my perceptions to scientific test found the sea to be heated to 90°. With the bulb buried in the sand six feet from the edge of the water, the mercury rose to 112° in a few seconds and remained stationary178.
It being far more blissful to lounge in the sea than on the veranda, I sat down, steeped chin deep in crystal clearness, warmth, and silence, passively surrendering myself to a cheap yet precious sensation. Around me were revealed infinitely179 fragile manifestations180 of life, scarcely less limpid181 than the sea, sparkling, darting182, twisting — strong and vigorous of purpose. Tremulous filaments183 of silver flashed and were gone. No space but was thickly peopled with what ordinarily passes as the invisible, but which now, plainly to behold184, basked185 and revelled in the blaze — products of the sun. Among the grains of sand and flakes186 of mica furtive187 bubblings, burrowings, and upheavals188 betrayed a benighted189 folk to whom the water was as a firmament190 into which they might not venture to ascend148.
Sought out by the sun, translucent191 fish revealed their presence by spectral192 shadows on the sand, and, traced by the shadows, became discernible, though but little the more substantial.
This peace-lulled, beguiling193, sea, teeming194 with myriad195 forms scintillating196 on the verge197 of nothingness — obscure, elusive198, yet mighty199 in their wayward way — soothed with never so gentle, so dulcet200 a swaying. This smooth-bosomed nurse was pleased to fondle to drowsiness201 a loving mortal responsive to the blissfulness of enchantment202. Warm, comforting, stainless, she swathed me with rose-leaf softness while whispering a lullaby of sighs. Her salty caresses203 lingered on my lips, as I gazed dreamily intent upon determining the non-existing skyline. Yet, with no demarcation of the allied11 elements this rimless204, flickering205 moon, to what narrow zone, I pondered, is man restricted! He swims feebly; if he but immerse his lips below the shining surface for a space to be measured by seconds, he becomes carrion206. On the mountain-tops he is deadly sick. Thus musing207, the sorcery of the sea became invincible208. My thoughts drifted, until I dozed209, and dozing211 dreamt — a vague, incomprehensible dream of floating, in some purer ether, some diviner air than ever belonged to wormy earth, and woke to realities and a skate — a little friendly skate which had snoodled beside me, its transparent212 shovel-snout half buried in the sand. Immune from the opiate of the sea, though motionless, with wide, watery-yellow eyes, it gazed upon me as a fascinated child might upon a strange shape monstrous213 though benign214, and as I raised my hand in salutation wriggled215 off, less afraid than curious.
Beyond, a shadow — a disc-shaped shadow — drifted with a regular pulsating216 motion. Shadowlike, my thoughts, too, drifted, but how remote from the scene! They transported me to Thisbe — Thisbe who
“Saw the lion’s shadow ere himself
And ran dismayed away.”
How different the shadow of the moment from that of the king of beasts which led to the tragedy under the walls of Babylon, where the blood of the lovers dyed the mulberry red! It is the evidence of a bloodless thing, a rotund and turreted217 medusa, the leader of a disorderly procession, soundless and feeble as becomes beings almost as impalpable as the sea itself. Shadows of fish exquisitely218 framed flit and dance. I see naught219 but shadows, dim and thin, for I doze210 and dream again; and so fantastic time, whose footfalls are beads220 and bubbles, passes, and grosser affairs beckon221 me out of the sunlit sea.
Oh, great and glorious and mighty sun! Oh, commanding, majestical sun! Superfine invigorator; bold illuminator222 of the dim spaces of the brain; originator of the glow! which distils223 its rarest attars! Am I not thy true, thy joyful knight224? Hast thou not touched my toughened, unflinching shoulders with the flat of thy burnished225 sword? Do I not behold its jewelled hilt flashing with pearls and precious stones as thou sheathest it for the night among the purple Western hills? Do I not hail its golden gleams among the fair-barked trees what time each scented226 morn I milk my skittish227 goats?
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1
majesty
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| n.雄伟，壮丽，庄严，威严；最高权威，王权 | |
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eminence
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| n.卓越，显赫；高地，高处；名家 | |
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prerogative
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| n.特权 | |
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oracle
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| n.神谕，神谕处，预言 | |
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prodigious
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| adj.惊人的，奇妙的；异常的；巨大的；庞大的 | |
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6
penetrating
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| adj.（声音）响亮的，尖锐的adj.（气味）刺激的adj.（思想）敏锐的，有洞察力的 | |
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7
bestowed
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| 赠给，授予( bestow的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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8
joyful
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| adj.欢乐的，令人欢欣的 | |
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9
consistency
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| n.一贯性，前后一致，稳定性；(液体的)浓度 | |
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10
tallied
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| v.计算，清点( tally的过去式和过去分词 )；加标签（或标记）于；（使）符合；（使）吻合 | |
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allied
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| adj.协约国的；同盟国的 | |
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culmination
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| n.顶点；最高潮 | |
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13
toil
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| vi.辛劳工作，艰难地行动；n.苦工，难事 | |
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14
toiled
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| 长时间或辛苦地工作( toil的过去式和过去分词 )； 艰难缓慢地移动，跋涉 | |
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15
laboriously
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| adv.艰苦地；费力地；辛勤地；（文体等）佶屈聱牙地 | |
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fatigue
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| n.疲劳，劳累 | |
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17
discomfort
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| n.不舒服，不安，难过，困难，不方便 | |
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fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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bounteous
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| adj.丰富的 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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favourable
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| adj.赞成的，称赞的，有利的，良好的，顺利的 | |
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proffer
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| v.献出，赠送；n.提议，建议 | |
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publicity
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| n.众所周知，闻名；宣传，广告 | |
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inevitable
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| adj.不可避免的，必然发生的 | |
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fervent
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| adj.热的，热烈的，热情的 | |
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datum
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| n.资料；数据；已知数 | |
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prone
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| adj.(to)易于…的，很可能…的；俯卧的 | |
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complexion
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| n.肤色；情况，局面；气质，性格 | |
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civilisation
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| n.文明，文化，开化，教化 | |
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flaunts
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| v.炫耀，夸耀( flaunt的第三人称单数 )；有什么能耐就施展出来 | |
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promptly
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| adv.及时地，敏捷地 | |
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32
superfluous
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| adj.过多的，过剩的，多余的 | |
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enjoyment
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| n.乐趣；享有；享用 | |
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violation
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| n.违反(行为)，违背(行为)，侵犯 | |
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35
tonic
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| n./adj.滋补品，补药，强身的，健体的 | |
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salvation
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| n.（尤指基督）救世，超度，拯救，解困 | |
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tributary
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| n.支流；纳贡国；adj.附庸的；辅助的；支流的 | |
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chaste
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| adj.贞洁的；有道德的；善良的；简朴的 | |
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subserviency
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| n.有用，裨益 | |
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authoritative
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| adj.有权威的，可相信的；命令式的；官方的 | |
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spacious
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| adj.广阔的，宽敞的 | |
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42
discordant
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| adj.不调和的 | |
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mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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44
perspire
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| vi.出汗，流汗 | |
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wholesome
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| adj.适合；卫生的；有益健康的；显示身心健康的 | |
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46
loyalty
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| n.忠诚，忠心 | |
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47
homage
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| n.尊敬，敬意，崇敬 | |
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48
reign
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| n.统治时期，统治，支配，盛行；v.占优势 | |
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49
supreme
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| adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的 | |
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50
goodwill
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| n.善意，亲善，信誉，声誉 | |
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51
influential
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| adj.有影响的，有权势的 | |
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52
manifestation
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| n.表现形式；表明；现象 | |
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53
ordains
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| v.任命（某人）为牧师( ordain的第三人称单数 )；授予（某人）圣职；（上帝、法律等）命令；判定 | |
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54
flout
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| v./n.嘲弄，愚弄，轻视 | |
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55
quaintly
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| adv.古怪离奇地 | |
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56
virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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57
profuse
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| adj.很多的，大量的，极其丰富的 | |
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58
perspiration
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| n.汗水；出汗 | |
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59
conducive
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| adj.有益的，有助的 | |
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60
banish
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| vt.放逐，驱逐；消除，排除 | |
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61
penetrable
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| adj.可穿透的 | |
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62
delightful
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| adj.令人高兴的，使人快乐的 | |
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63
refreshing
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| adj.使精神振作的，使人清爽的，使人喜欢的 | |
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64
saturated
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| a.饱和的，充满的 | |
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65
acme
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| n.顶点，极点 | |
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66
stiffened
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| 加强的 | |
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67
plunge
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| v.跳入，(使)投入，(使)陷入；猛冲 | |
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68
tepid
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| adj.微温的，温热的，不太热心的 | |
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69
creek
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| n.小溪，小河，小湾 | |
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70
sublimating
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| v.（使某物质）升华( sublimate的现在分词 )；使净化；纯化 | |
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71
disorders
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| n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 )；凌乱；骚乱；（身心、机能）失调 | |
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72
acrimonious
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| adj.严厉的，辛辣的，刻毒的 | |
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73
alteration
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| n.变更，改变；蚀变 | |
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74
obstinate
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| adj.顽固的，倔强的，不易屈服的，较难治愈的 | |
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75
presumptuous
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| adj.胆大妄为的，放肆的，冒昧的，冒失的 | |
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76
bestows
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| 赠给，授予( bestow的第三人称单数 ) | |
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77
albeit
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| conj.即使；纵使；虽然 | |
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78
condemned
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| adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词 | |
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79
revelled
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| v.作乐( revel的过去式和过去分词 )；狂欢；着迷；陶醉 | |
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80
delusion
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| n.谬见，欺骗，幻觉，迷惑 | |
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81
scorch
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| v.烧焦，烤焦；高速疾驶；n.烧焦处，焦痕 | |
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82
scorching
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| adj. 灼热的 | |
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83
lesser
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| adj.次要的，较小的；adv.较小地，较少地 | |
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84
derived
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| vi.起源；由来；衍生；导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取 | |
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85
offhand
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|
| adj.临时，无准备的；随便，马虎的 | |
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86
luminary
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| n.名人，天体 | |
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87
exacting
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| adj.苛求的，要求严格的 | |
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88
probation
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| n.缓刑(期)，(以观后效的)察看；试用(期) | |
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89
condescend
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| v.俯就，屈尊；堕落，丢丑 | |
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90
smites
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| v.猛打，重击，打击( smite的第三人称单数 ) | |
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91
savagely
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| adv. 野蛮地，残酷地 | |
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92
countenances
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| n.面容( countenance的名词复数 )；表情；镇静；道义支持 | |
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93
foes
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| 敌人，仇敌( foe的名词复数 ) | |
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94
discriminating
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| a.有辨别能力的 | |
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95
reciprocate
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|
| v.往复运动；互换；回报，酬答 | |
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96
bask
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| vt.取暖，晒太阳，沐浴于 | |
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97
worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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98
steadfast
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| adj.固定的，不变的，不动摇的；忠实的；坚贞不移的 | |
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99
blister
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| n.水疱；(油漆等的)气泡；v.(使)起泡 | |
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100
scorches
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| 烧焦，烤焦( scorch的第三人称单数 )； 使（植物）枯萎，把…晒枯； 高速行驶 | |
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101
dominion
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| n.统治，管辖，支配权；领土，版图 | |
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102
transmutes
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| v.使变形，使变质，把…变成…( transmute的第三人称单数 ) | |
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103
erratic
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| adj.古怪的，反复无常的，不稳定的 | |
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104
isle
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| n.小岛，岛 | |
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105
scant
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| adj.不充分的，不足的；v.减缩，限制，忽略 | |
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106
amend
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| vt.修改，修订，改进；n.[pl.]赔罪，赔偿 | |
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107
plentifully
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| adv. 许多地，丰饶地 | |
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108
shrubs
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| 灌木( shrub的名词复数 ) | |
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109
orchids
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| n.兰花( orchid的名词复数 ) | |
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110
ledges
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| n.（墙壁，悬崖等）突出的狭长部分( ledge的名词复数 )；（平窄的）壁架；横档；（尤指）窗台 | |
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111
remarkable
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|
| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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112
fortitude
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| n.坚忍不拔；刚毅 | |
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113
indifference
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| n.不感兴趣，不关心，冷淡，不在乎 | |
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114
slaty
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| 石板一样的，石板色的 | |
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115
resolute
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|
| adj.坚决的，果敢的 | |
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116
cower
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| v.畏缩，退缩，抖缩 | |
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117
theatrical
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| adj.剧场的，演戏的；做戏似的，做作的 | |
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118
appreciation
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| n.评价；欣赏；感谢；领会，理解；价格上涨 | |
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119
tints
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| 色彩( tint的名词复数 )； 带白的颜色； （淡色）染发剂； 痕迹 | |
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120
aberration
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| n.离开正路，脱离常规，色差 | |
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121
exertion
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| n.尽力，努力 | |
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122
exulting
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| vi. 欢欣鼓舞，狂喜 | |
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123
sprightly
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| adj.愉快的，活泼的 | |
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124
rife
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| adj.(指坏事情)充斥的，流行的，普遍的 | |
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125
axe
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| n.斧子；v.用斧头砍，削减 | |
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126
scantily
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| adv.缺乏地；不充足地；吝啬地；狭窄地 | |
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127
frayed
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| adj.磨损的v.（使布、绳等）磨损，磨破( fray的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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128
battered
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| adj.磨损的；v.连续猛击；磨损 | |
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129
dictates
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| n.命令，规定，要求( dictate的名词复数 )v.大声讲或读( dictate的第三人称单数 )；口授；支配；摆布 | |
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130
decency
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| n.体面，得体，合宜，正派，庄重 | |
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131
surfeit
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| v.使饮食过度；n.(食物)过量，过度 | |
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132
whining
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| n. 抱怨，牢骚 v. 哭诉，发牢骚 | |
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133
monarch
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| n.帝王，君主，最高统治者 | |
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134
ransacked
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| v.彻底搜查( ransack的过去式和过去分词 )；抢劫，掠夺 | |
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135
hind
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| adj.后面的，后部的 | |
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136
starched
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|
| adj.浆硬的，硬挺的，拘泥刻板的v.把（衣服、床单等）浆一浆( starch的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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137
usurper
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| n. 篡夺者, 僭取者 | |
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138
malignant
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| adj.恶性的，致命的；恶意的，恶毒的 | |
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139
winces
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| 避开，畏缩( wince的名词复数 ) | |
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140
subservience
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| n.有利，有益；从属（地位），附属性；屈从，恭顺；媚态 | |
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141
dominant
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| adj.支配的，统治的；占优势的；显性的；n.主因，要素，主要的人(或物)；显性基因 | |
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142
citizenship
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| n.市民权，公民权，国民的义务(身份) | |
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143
disdains
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| 鄙视，轻蔑( disdain的名词复数 ) | |
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144
scoffs
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| 嘲笑，嘲弄( scoff的第三人称单数 ) | |
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145
strand
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| vt.使（船）搁浅，使（某人）困于（某地） | |
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146
frailest
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| 脆弱的( frail的最高级 )； 易损的； 易碎的 | |
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147
ascends
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| v.上升，攀登( ascend的第三人称单数 ) | |
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148
ascend
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| vi.渐渐上升，升高；vt.攀登，登上 | |
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149
mien
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| n.风采；态度 | |
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150
awesome
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| adj.令人惊叹的，难得吓人的，很好的 | |
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151
marvel
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| vi.(at)惊叹vt.感到惊异；n.令人惊异的事 | |
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152
temperate
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| adj.温和的，温带的，自我克制的，不过分的 | |
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153
luxuriousness
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154
reeking
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| v.发出浓烈的臭气( reek的现在分词 )；散发臭气；发出难闻的气味 (of sth)；明显带有（令人不快或生疑的跡象） | |
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155
apathetic
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| adj.冷漠的，无动于衷的 | |
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156
legitimacy
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| n.合法，正当 | |
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157
denuded
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| adj.[医]变光的，裸露的v.使赤裸( denude的过去式和过去分词 )；剥光覆盖物 | |
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158
filched
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| v.偷（尤指小的或不贵重的物品）( filch的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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159
exclamation
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| n.感叹号，惊呼，惊叹词 | |
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160
amazement
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| n.惊奇，惊讶 | |
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161
stratum
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| n.地层，社会阶层 | |
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162
delectable
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| adj.使人愉快的；美味的 | |
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163
tingled
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| v.有刺痛感( tingle的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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164
aesthetic
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| adj.美学的，审美的，有美感 | |
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165
stainless
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| adj.无瑕疵的，不锈的 | |
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166
pallid
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| adj.苍白的，呆板的 | |
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167
fictitious
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| adj.虚构的，假设的；空头的 | |
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168
isles
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| 岛( isle的名词复数 ) | |
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169
rendering
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| n.表现，描写 | |
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170
stimulated
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| a.刺激的 | |
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171
soothed
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| v.安慰( soothe的过去式和过去分词 )；抚慰；使舒服；减轻痛苦 | |
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172
mica
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| n.云母 | |
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173
grit
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| n.沙粒，决心，勇气；v.下定决心，咬紧牙关 | |
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174
sleek
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| adj.光滑的，井然有序的；v.使光滑，梳拢 | |
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175
turmoil
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| n.骚乱，混乱，动乱 | |
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176
veranda
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| n.走廊；阳台 | |
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177
corrugated
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| adj.波纹的；缩成皱纹的；波纹面的；波纹状的v.（使某物）起皱褶(corrugate的过去式和过去分词) | |
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178
stationary
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| adj.固定的，静止不动的 | |
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179
infinitely
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| adv.无限地，无穷地 | |
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180
manifestations
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| n.表示，显示（manifestation的复数形式） | |
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181
limpid
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| adj.清澈的，透明的 | |
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182
darting
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| v.投掷，投射( dart的现在分词 )；向前冲，飞奔 | |
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183
filaments
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| n.（电灯泡的）灯丝( filament的名词复数 )；丝极；细丝；丝状物 | |
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184
behold
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| v.看，注视，看到 | |
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185
basked
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| v.晒太阳，取暖( bask的过去式和过去分词 )；对…感到乐趣；因他人的功绩而出名；仰仗…的余泽 | |
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186
flakes
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| 小薄片( flake的名词复数 )； （尤指）碎片； 雪花； 古怪的人 | |
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187
furtive
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| adj.鬼鬼崇崇的，偷偷摸摸的 | |
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188
upheavals
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| 突然的巨变( upheaval的名词复数 )； 大动荡； 大变动； 胀起 | |
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189
benighted
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| adj.蒙昧的 | |
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190
firmament
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| n.苍穹；最高层 | |
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191
translucent
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| adj.半透明的；透明的 | |
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192
spectral
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| adj.幽灵的，鬼魂的 | |
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193
beguiling
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| adj.欺骗的，诱人的v.欺骗( beguile的现在分词 )；使陶醉；使高兴；消磨（时间等） | |
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194
teeming
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| adj.丰富的v.充满( teem的现在分词 )；到处都是；（指水、雨等）暴降；倾注 | |
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195
myriad
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| adj.无数的；n.无数，极大数量 | |
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196
scintillating
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| adj．才气横溢的,闪闪发光的; 闪烁的 | |
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197
verge
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| n.边，边缘；v.接近，濒临 | |
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198
elusive
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| adj.难以表达(捉摸)的；令人困惑的；逃避的 | |
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mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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200
dulcet
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| adj.悦耳的 | |
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201
drowsiness
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| n.睡意；嗜睡 | |
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202
enchantment
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| n.迷惑，妖术，魅力 | |
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203
caresses
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| 爱抚，抚摸( caress的名词复数 ) | |
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204
rimless
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| adj.无边的 | |
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205
flickering
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| adj.闪烁的，摇曳的，一闪一闪的 | |
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206
carrion
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| n.腐肉 | |
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207
musing
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| n. 沉思，冥想 adj. 沉思的, 冥想的 动词muse的现在分词形式 | |
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208
invincible
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| adj.不可征服的，难以制服的 | |
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209
dozed
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| v.打盹儿，打瞌睡( doze的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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210
doze
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| v.打瞌睡；n.打盹，假寐 | |
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211
dozing
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| v.打瞌睡,假寐 n.瞌睡 | |
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212
transparent
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| adj.明显的，无疑的；透明的 | |
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monstrous
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| adj.巨大的；恐怖的；可耻的，丢脸的 | |
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benign
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| adj.善良的，慈祥的；良性的，无危险的 | |
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wriggled
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| v.扭动，蠕动，蜿蜒行进( wriggle的过去式和过去分词 )；（使身体某一部位）扭动；耍滑不做，逃避（应做的事等） | |
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216
pulsating
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| adj.搏动的，脉冲的v.有节奏地舒张及收缩( pulsate的现在分词 )；跳动；脉动；受（激情）震动 | |
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217
turreted
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| a.(像炮塔般)旋转式的 | |
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218
exquisitely
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| adv.精致地；强烈地；剧烈地；异常地 | |
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219
naught
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| n.无，零 [=nought] | |
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220
beads
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| n.（空心）小珠子( bead的名词复数 )；水珠；珠子项链 | |
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221
beckon
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| v.(以点头或打手势)向...示意，召唤 | |
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222
illuminator
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| n.照明者 | |
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223
distils
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| v.蒸馏( distil的第三人称单数 )；从…提取精华 | |
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224
knight
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| n.骑士，武士；爵士 | |
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225
burnished
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| adj.抛光的，光亮的v.擦亮（金属等），磨光( burnish的过去式和过去分词 )；被擦亮，磨光 | |
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226
scented
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| adj.有香味的；洒香水的；有气味的v.嗅到(scent的过去分词) | |
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227
skittish
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| adj.易激动的，轻佻的 | |
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