Prince Charles de Biron, the younger son of the Duke of Courland, Major-General in the Russian service, Knight2 of the Order of St. Alexander Newski, gave me a distinguished3 reception after reading his father’s letter. He was thirty-six years of age, pleasant-looking without being handsome, and polite and well-mannered, and he spoke4 French extremely well. In a few sentences he let me know what he could do for me if I intended to spend some time at Riga. His table, his friends, his pleasures, his horses, his advice, and his purse, all these were at my service, and he offered them with the frankness of the soldier and the geniality5 of the prince.
“I cannot offer you a lodging6,” he said, “because I have hardly enough room for myself, but I will see that you get a comfortable apartment somewhere.”
The apartment was soon found, and I was taken to it by one of the prince’s aides-de-camp. I was scarcely established when the prince came to see me, and made me dine with him just as I was. It was an unceremonious dinner, and I was pleased to meet Campioni, of whom I have spoken several times in these Memoirs7. He was a dancer, but very superior to his fellows, and fit for the best company polite, witty8, intelligent, and a libertine9 in a gentlemanly way. He was devoid10 of prejudices, and fond of women, good cheer, and heavy play, and knew how to keep an even mind both in good and evil fortune. We were mutually pleased to see each other again.
Another guest, a certain Baron12 de St. Heleine from Savoy, had a pretty but very insignificant13 wife. The baron, a fat man, was a gamester, a gourmand14, and a lover of wine; add that he was a past master in the art of getting into debt and lulling15 his creditors17 into a state of false security, and you have all his capacities, for in all other respects he was a fool in the fullest sense of the word. An aide-decamp and the prince’s mistress also dined with us. This mistress, who was pale, thin, and dreamy-looking, but also pretty, might be twenty years old. She hardly ate anything, saying that she was ill and did not like anything on the table. Discontent shewed itself on her every feature. The prince endeavoured, but all in vain, to make her eat and drink, she refused everything disdainfully. The prince laughed good-humouredly at her in such a manner as not to wound her feelings.
We spent two hours pleasantly enough at table, and after coffee had been served, the prince, who had business, shook me by the hand and left me with Campioni, telling me always to regard his table as my last resource.
This old friend and fellow-countryman took me to his house to introduce me to his wife and family. I did not know that he had married a second time. I found the so-called wife to be an Englishwoman, thin, but full of intelligence. She had a daughter of eleven, who might easily have been taken for fifteen; she, too, was marvellously intelligent, and danced, sang, and played on the piano and gave such glances that shewed that nature had been swifter than her years. She made a conquest of me, and her father congratulated me to my delight, but her mother offended her dreadfully by calling her baby.
I went for a walk with Campioni, who gave me a good deal of information, beginning with himself.
“I have lived for ten years,” he said, “with that woman. Betty, whom you admired so much, is not my daughter, the others are my children by my Englishwoman. I have left St. Petersburg for two years, and I live here well enough, and have pupils who do me credit. I play with the prince, sometimes winning and sometimes losing, but I never win enough to enable me to satisfy a wretched creditor16 I left at St. Petersburg, who persecutes18 me on account of a bill of exchange. He may put me in prison any day, and I am always expecting him to do so.”
“Is the bill for a large sum?”
“Five hundred roubles.”
“That is only two thousand francs.”
“Yes, but unfortunately I have not got it.”
“You ought to annul19 the debt by paying small sums on account.”
“The rascal20 won’t let me.”
“Then what do you propose doing?”
“Win a heavy sum, if I can, and escape into Poland.
“The Baron de St. Heleine will run away, too if he can, for he only lives on credit. The prince is very useful to us, as we are able to play at his house; but if we get into difficulty he could not extricate21 us, as he is heavily in debt himself. He always loses at play. His mistress is expensive, and gives him a great deal of trouble by her ill-humour.”
“Why is she so sour?”
“She wants him to keep his word, for he promised to get her married at the end of two years; and on the strength of this promise she let him give her two children. The two years have passed by and the children are there, and she will no longer allow him to have anything to do with her for fear of having a third child.”
“Can’t the prince find her a husband?”
“He did find her a lieutenant22, but she won’t hear of anybody under the rank of major.”
The prince gave a state dinner to General Woyakoff (for whom I had a letter), Baroness23 Korf, Madame Ittinoff, and to a young lady who was going to marry Baron Budberg, whom I had known at Florence, Turin, and Augsburg, and whom I may possibly have forgotten to mention.
All these friends made me spend three weeks very pleasantly, and I was especially pleased with old General Woyakoff. This worthy24 man had been at Venice fifty years before, when the Russians were still called Muscovites, and the founder25 of St. Petersburg was still alive. He had grown old like an oak, without changing his horizons. He thought the world was just the same as it had been when he was young, and was eloquent26 in his praise of the Venetian Government, imagining it to be still the same as he had left it.
At Riga an English merchant named Collins told me that the so-called Baron de Stenau, who had given me the forged bill of exchange, had been hanged in Portugal. This “baron” was a poor clerk, and the son of a small tradesman, and had left his desk in search of adventure, and thus he had ended. May God have mercy upon his soul!
One evening a Russian, on his way from Poland, where he had been executing some commission for the Russian Court, called on the prince, played, and lost twenty thousand roubles on his word of honour. Campioni was the dealer27. The Russian gave bills of exchange in payment of his debts; but as soon as he got to St. Petersburg he dishonoured28 his own bills, and declared them worthless, not caring for his honour or good faith. The result of this piece of knavery29 was not only that his creditors were defrauded30, but gaming was henceforth strictly32 forbidden in the officers’ quarters.
This Russian was the same that betrayed the secrets of Elizabeth Petrovna, when she was at war with Prussia. He communicated to Peter, the empress’s nephew and heir-presumptive, all the orders she sent to her generals, and Peter in his turn passed on the information to the Prussian king whom he worshipped.
On the death of Elizabeth, Peter put this traitor33 at the head of the department for commerce, and the fellow actually made known, with the Czar’s sanction, the service for which he had received such a reward, and thus, instead of looking upon his conduct as disgraceful, he gloried over it. Peter could not have been aware of the fact that, though it is sometimes necessary to reward treachery, the traitor himself is always abhorred34 and despised.
I have remarked that it was Campioni who dealt, but he dealt for the prince who held the bank. I had certain claims, but as I remarked that I expected nothing and would gladly sell my expectations for a hundred roubles, the prince took me at my word and gave me the amount immediately. Thus I was the only person who made any money by our night’s play.
Catherine II, wishing to shew herself to her new subjects, over whom she was in reality supreme35, though she had put the ghost of a king in the person of Stanislas Poniatowski, her former favourite, on the throne of Poland, came to Riga, and it was then I saw this great sovereign for the first time. I was a witness of the kindness and affability with which she treated the Livonian nobility, and of the way in which she kissed the young ladies, who had come to kiss her hand, upon the mouth. She was surrounded by the Orloffs and by other nobles who had assisted in placing her on the throne. For the comfort and pleasure of her loyal subjects the empress graciously expressed her intention of holding a bank at faro of ten thousand roubles.
Instantly the table and the cards were brought forward, and the piles of gold placed in order. She took the cards, pretended to shuffle36 them, and gave them to the first comer to cut. She had the pleasure of seeing her bank broken at the first deal, and indeed this result was to be expected, as anybody not an absolute idiot could see how the cards were going. The next day the empress set out for Mitau, where triumphal arches were erected37 in her honour. They were made of wood, as stone is scarce in Poland, and indeed there would not have been time to build stone arches.
The day after her arrival great alarm prevailed, for news came that a revolution was ready to burst out at St. Petersburg, and some even said that it had begun. The rebels wished to have forth31 from his prison the hapless Ivan Ivanovitz, who had been proclaimed emperor in his cradle, and dethroned by Elizabeth Petrovna. Two officers to whom the guardianship38 of the prince had been confided39 had killed the poor innocent monarch40 when they saw that they would be overpowered.
The assassination41 of the innocent prince created such a sensation that the wary42 Panin, fearing for the results, sent courier after courier to the empress urging her to return to St. Petersburg and shew herself to the people.
Catherine was thus obliged to leave Mitau twenty-four hours after she had entered it, and after hastening back to the capital she arrived only to find that the excitement had entirely43 subsided44. For politic45 reasons the assassins of the wretched Ivan were rewarded, and the bold man who had endeavoured to rise by her fall was beheaded.
The report ran that Catherine had concerted the whole affair with the assassins, but this was speedily set down as a calumny46. The czarina was strong-minded, but neither cruel nor perfidious48. When I saw her at Riga she was thirty-five, and had reigned49 two years. She was not precisely50 handsome, but nevertheless her appearance was pleasing, her expression kindly51, and there was about her an air of calm and tranquillity52 which never left her.
At about the same time a friend of Baron de St. Heleine arrived from St. Petersburg on his way to Warsaw. His name was Marquis Dragon, but he called himself d’Aragon. He came from Naples, was a great gamester, a skilled swordsman, and was always ready to extract himself from a difficulty by a duel53. He had left St. Petersburg because the Orloffs had persuaded the empress to prohibit games of chance. It was thought strange that the prohibition54 should come from the Orloffs, as gaming had been their principal means of gaining a livelihood55 before they entered on the more dangerous and certainly not more honourable56 profession of conspiracy57. However, this measure was really a sensible one. Having been gamesters themselves they knew that gamesters are mostly knaves58, and always ready to enter into any intrigue59 or conspiracy provided it assures them some small gain; there could not have been better judges of gaming and its consequences than they were.
But though a gamester may be a rogue60 he may still have a good heart, and it is only just to say that this was the case with the Orloffs. Alexis gained the slash61 which adorns62 his face in a tavern63, and the man who gave the blow had just lost to him a large sum of money, and considered his opponent’s success to be rather the result of dexterity64 than fortune. When Alexis became rich and powerful, instead of revenging himself, he hastened to make his enemy’s fortune. This was nobly done.
Dragon, whose first principle was always to turn up the best card, and whose second principle was never to shirk a duel, had gone to St. Petersburg in 1759 with the Baron de St. Heleine. Elizabeth was still on the throne, but Peter, Duke of Holstein, the heir- presumptive, had already begun to loom65 large on the horizon. Dragon used to frequent the fencing school where the prince was a frequent visitor, and there encountered all comers successfully. The duke got angry, and one day he took up a foil and defied the Neapolitan marquis to a combat. Dragon accepted and was thoroughly66 beaten, while the duke went off in triumph, for he might say from henceforth that he was the best fencer in St. Petersburg.
When the prince had gone, Dragon could not withstand the temptation of saying that he had only let himself be beaten for fear of offending his antagonist67; and this boast soon got to the grand-duke’s ears. The great man was terribly enraged68, and swore he would have him banished69 from St. Petersburg if he did not use all his skill, and at the same time he sent an order to Dragon to be at the fencing school the next day.
The impatient duke was the first to arrive, and d’Aragon was not long in coming. The prince began reproaching him for what he had said the day before, but the Neapolitan, far from denying the fact, expressed himself that he had felt himself obliged to shew his respect for his prince by letting him rap him about for upwards70 of two hours.
“Very good,” said the duke, “but now it is your turn; and if you don’t do your best I will drive you from St. Petersburg.”
“My lord, your highness shall be obeyed. I shall not allow you to touch me once, but I hope you will deign71 to take me under your protection.”
The two champions passed the whole morning with the foils, and the duke was hit a hundred times without being able to touch his antagonist. At last, convinced of Dragon’s superiority, he threw down his foil and shook him by the hand, and made him his fencer-in- ordinary, with the rank of major in his regiment72 of Holsteiners.
Shortly after, D’Aragon having won the good graces of the duke obtained leave to hold a bank at faro in his court, and in three or four years he amassed73 a fortune of a hundred thousand roubles, which he took with him to the Court of King Stanislas, where games of all sorts were allowed. When he passed through Riga, St. Heleine introduced him to Prince Charles, who begged him to call on him the next day, and to shew his skill with the foils against himself and some of his friends. I had the honour to be of the number; and thoroughly well he beat us, for his skill was that of a demon74. I was vain enough to become angry at being hit at every pass, and told him that I should not be afraid to meet him at a game of sharps. He was calmer, and replied by taking my hand, and saying —
“With the naked sword I fence in quite another style, and you are quite right not to fear anyone, for you fence very well.”
D’Aragon set out for Warsaw the next day, but he unfortunately found the place occupied by more cunning Greeks than himself. In six months they had relieved him of his hundred thousand roubles, but such is the lot of gamesters; no craft can be more wretched than theirs.
A week before I left Riga (where I stayed two months) Campioni fled by favour of the good Prince Charles, and in a few days the Baron de St. Heleine followed him without taking leave of a noble army of creditors. He only wrote a letter to the Englishman Collins, to whom he owed a thousand crowns, telling him that like an honest man he had left his debts where he had contracted them. We shall hear more of these three persons in the course of two years.
Campioni left me his travelling carriage, which obliged me to use six horses on my journey to St. Petersburg. I was sorry to leave Betty, and I kept up an epistolary correspondence with her mother throughout the whole of my stay at St. Petersburg.
I left Riga with the thermometer indicating fifteen degrees of frost, but though I travelled day and night, not leaving the carriage for the sixty hours for which my journey lasted, I did not feel the cold in the least. I had taken care to pay all the stages in advance, and Marshal Braun, Governor of Livonia, had given me the proper passport. On the box seat was a French servant who had begged me to allow him to wait on me for the journey in return for a seat beside the coachman. He kept his word and served me well, and though he was but ill clad he bore the horrible cold for two days and three nights without appearing to feel it. It is only a Frenchman who can bear such trials; a Russian in similar attire75 would have been frozen to death in twenty-four hours, despite plentiful76 doses of corn brandy. I lost sight of this individual when I arrived at St. Petersburg, but I met him again three months after, richly dressed, and occupying a seat beside mine at the table of M. de Czernitscheff. He was the uchitel of the young count, who sat beside him. But I shall have occasion to speak more at length of the office of uchitel, or tutor, in Russia.
As for Lambert, who was beside me in the carriage, he did nothing but eat, drink, and sleep the whole way; seldom speaking, for he stammered77, and could only talk about mathematical problems, on which I was not always in the humour to converse78. He was never amusing, never had any sensible observation to make on the varied79 scenes through which we passed; in short, he was a fool, and wearisome to all save himself.
I was only stopped once, and that was at Nawa, where the authorities demanded a passport, which I did not possess. I told the governor that as I was a Venetian, and only travelled for pleasure, I did not conceive a passport would be necessary, my Republic not being at war with any other power, and Russia having no embassy at Venice.
“Nevertheless,” I added, “if your excellency wills it I will turn back; but I shall complain to Marshal Braun, who gave me the passport for posting, knowing that I had not the political passport.”
After rubbing his forehead for a minute, the governor gave me a pass, which I still possess, and which brought me into St. Petersburg, without my having to allow the custom-house officers to inspect my trunks.
Between Koporie and St. Petersburg there is only a wretched hut for the accommodation of travellers. The country is a wilderness80, and the inhabitants do not even speak Russian. The district is called Ingria, and I believe the jargon81 spoken has no affinity82 with any other language. The principal occupation of the peasants is robbery, and the traveller does well not to leave any of his effects alone for a moment.
I got to St. Petersburg just as the first rays of the sun began to gild83 the horizon. It was in the winter solstice, and the sun rose at the extremity84 of an immense plain at twenty-four minutes past nine, so I am able to state that the longest night in Russia consists of eighteen hours and three quarters.
I got down in a fine street called the Millione. I found a couple of empty rooms, which the people of the house furnished with two beds, four chairs, and two small tables, and rented to me very cheaply. Seeing the enormous stoves, I concluded they must consume a vast amount of wood, but I was mistaken. Russia is the land of stoves as Venice is that of cisterns85. I have inspected the interior of these stoves in summer-time as minutely as if I wished to find out the secret of making them; they are twelve feet high by six broad, and are capable of warming a vast room. They are only refuelled once in twenty-four hours, for as soon as the wood is reduced to the state of charcoal86 a valve is shut in the upper part of the stove.
It is only in the houses of noblemen that the stoves are refuelled twice a day, because servants are strictly forbidden to close the valve, and for a very good reason.
If a gentleman chance to come home and order his servants to warm his room before he goes to bed, and if the servant is careless enough to close the valve before the wood is reduced to charcoal, then the master sleeps his last sleep, being suffocated87 in three or four hours. When the door is opened in the morning he is found dead, and the poor devil of a servant is immediately hanged, whatever he may say. This sounds severe, and even cruel; but it is a necessary regulation, or else a servant would be able to get rid of his master on the smallest provocation88.
After I had made an agreement for my board and lodging, both of which were very cheap (now St. Petersburg, is as dear as London), I brought some pieces of furniture which were necessaries for me, but which were not as yet much in use in Russia, such as a commode, a bureau, &c.
German is the language principally spoken in St. Petersburg, and I did not speak German much better then than I do now, so I had a good deal of difficulty in making myself understood, and usually excited my auditors89 to laughter.
After dinner my landlord told me that the Court was giving a masked ball to five thousand persons to last sixty hours. He gave me a ticket, and told me I only needed to shew it at the entrance of the imperial palace.
I decided90 to use the ticket, for I felt that I should like to be present at so numerous an assembly, and as I had my domino still by me a mask was all I wanted. I went to the palace in a sedan-chair, and found an immense crowd assembled, and dancing going on in several halls in each of which an orchestra was stationed. There were long counters loaded with eatables and drinkables at which those who were hungry or thirsty ate or drank as much as they liked. Gaiety and freedom reigned everywhere, and the light of a thousand wax candles illuminated91 the hall. Everything was wonderful, and all the more so from its contrast with the cold and darkness that were without. All at once I heard a masquer beside me say to another —
“There’s the czarina.”
We soon saw Gregory Orloff, for his orders were to follow the empress at a distance.
I followed the masquer, and I was soon persuaded that it was really the empress, for everybody was repeating it, though no one openly recognized her. Those who really did not know her jostled her in the crowd, and I imagined that she would be delighted at being treated thus, as it was a proof of the success of her disguise. Several times I saw her speaking in Russian to one masquer and another. No doubt she exposed her vanity to some rude shocks, but she had also the inestimable advantage of hearing truths which her courtiers would certainly not tell her. The masquer who was pronounced to be Orloff followed her everywhere, and did not let her out of his sight for a moment. He could not be mistaken, as he was an exceptionally tall man and had a peculiar92 carriage of the head.
I arrested my progress in a hall where the French square dance was being performed, and suddenly there appeared a masquer disguised in the Venetian style. The costume was so complete that I at once set him down as a fellow-countryman, for very few strangers can imitate us so as to escape detection. As it happened, he came and stood next to me.
“One would think you were a Venetian,” I said to him in French.
“So I am.”
“Like myself.”
“I am not jesting.”
“No more am I.”
“Then let us speak in Venetian.”
“Do you begin, and I will reply.”
We began our conversation, but when he came to the word Sabato, Saturday, which is a Sabo in Venetian, I discovered that he was a real Venetian, but not from Venice itself. He said I was right, and that he judged from my accent that I came from Venice.
“Quite so,” said I.
“I thought Bernadi was the only Venetian besides myself in St. Petersburg.”
“You see you are mistaken.”
“My name is Count Volpati di Treviso.”
“Give me your address, and I will come and tell you who I am, for I cannot do so here.”
“Here it is.”
After leaving the count I continued my progress through this wonderful hall, and two or three hours after I was attracted by the voice of a female masquer speaking Parisian French in a high falsetto, such as is common at an opera ball.
I did not recognize the voice but I knew the style, and felt quite certain that the masquer must be one of my old friends, for she spoke with the intonations93 and phraseology which I had rendered popular in my chief places of resort at Paris.
I was curious to see who it could be, and not wishing to speak before I knew her, I had the patience to wait till she lifted her mask, and this occurred at the end of an hour. What was my surprise to see Madame Baret, the stocking-seller of the Rue47 St. Honor& My love awoke from its long sleep, and coming up to her I said, in a falsetto voice —
“I am your friend of the ‘Hotel d’Elbeuf.’”
She was puzzled, and looked the picture of bewilderment. I whispered in her ear, “Gilbert Baret, Rue des Prouveres,” and certain other facts which could only be known to herself and a fortunate lover.
She saw I knew her inmost secrets, and drawing me away she begged me to tell her who I was.
“I was your lover, and a fortunate one, too,” I replied; “but before I tell you my name, with whom are you, and how are you?”
“Very well; but pray do not divulge94 what I tell you. I left Paris with M. d’Anglade, counsellor in the Court of Rouen. I lived happily enough for some time with him, and then left him to go with a theatrical95 manager, who brought me here as an actress under the name of de l’Anglade, and now I am kept by Count Rzewuski, the Polish ambassador. And now tell me who you are?”
Feeling sure of enjoying her again, I lifted my mask. She gave a cry of joy, and exclaimed —
“My good angel has brought you to St. Petersburg.”
“How do you mean?”
“Rzewuski is obliged to go back to Poland, and now I count on you to get me out of the country, for I can no longer continue in a station for which I was not intended, since I can neither sing nor act.”
She gave me her address, and I left her delighted with my discovery. After having passed half an hour at the counter, eating and drinking of the best, I returned to the crowd and saw my fair stocking-seller talking to Count Volpati. He had seen her with me, and hastened to enquire96 my name of her. However, she was faithful to our mutual11 promise, and told him I was her husband, though the Venetian did not seem to give the least credence97 to this piece of information.
At last I was tired and left the ball, and went to bed intending to go to mass in the morning. I slept for some time and woke, but as it was still dark I turned on the other side and went to sleep again. At last I awoke again, and seeing the daylight stealing through my double windows, I sent for a hairdresser, telling my man to make haste as I wanted to hear mass on the first Sunday after my arrival in St. Petersburg.
“But sir,” said he, “the first Sunday was yesterday; we are at Monday now.”
“What! Monday?”
“Yes, sir.”
I had spent twenty-seven hours in bed, and after laughing at the mishap98 I felt as if I could easily believe it, for my hunger was like that of a cannibal.
This is the only day which I really lost in my life; but I do not weep like the Roman emperor, I laugh. But this is not the only difference between Titus and Casanova.
I called on Demetrio Papanelopulo, the Greek merchant, who was to pay me a hundred roubles a month. I was also commended to him by M. da Loglio, and I had an excellent reception. He begged me to come and dine with him every day, paid me the roubles for the month due, and assured me that he had honoured my bill drawn99 at Mitau. He also found me a reliable servant, and a carriage at eighteen roubles, or six ducats per month. Such cheapness has, alas100! departed for ever.
The next day, as I was dining with the worthy Greek and young Bernardi, who was afterwards poisoned, Count Volpati came in with the dessert, and told us how he had met a Venetian at the ball who had promised to come and see him.
“The Venetian would have kept his promise,” said I, “if he had not had a long sleep of twenty-seven hours. I am the Venetian, and am delighted to continue our acquaintance.”
The count was about to leave, and his departure had already been announced in the St. Petersburg Gazette. The Russian custom is not to give a traveller his passports till a fortnight has elapsed after the appearance of his name in the paper. This regulation is for the advantage of tradesmen, while it makes foreigners think twice before they contract any debts.
The next day I took a letter of introduction to M. Pietro Ivanovitch Melissino, colonel and afterwards general of artillery101. The letter was written by Madame da Loglio, who was very intimate with Melissino. I was most politely welcomed, and after presenting me to his pleasant wife, he asked me once for all to sup with him every night. The house was managed in the French style, and both play and supper were conducted without any ceremony. I met there Melissino’s elder brother, the procurator of the Holy Synod and husband of the Princess Dolgorouki. Faro went on, and the company was composed of trustworthy persons who neither boasted of their gains nor bewailed their losses to anyone, and so there was no fear of the Government discovering this infrigement of the law against gaming. The bank was held by Baron Lefort, son of the celebrated102 admiral of Peter the Great. Lefort was an example of the inconstancy of fortune; he was then in disgrace on account of a lottery103 which he had held at Moscow to celebrate the coronation of the empress, who had furnished him with the necessary funds. The lottery had been broken and the fact was attributed to the baron’s supposed dishonesty.
I played for small stakes and won a few roubles. I made friends with Baron Lefort at supper, and he afterwards told me of the vicissitudes104 he had experienced.
As I was praising the noble calmness with which a certain prince had lost a thousand roubles to him, he laughed and said that the fine gamester I had mentioned played upon credit but never paid.
“How about his honour?”
“It is not affected105 by the non-payment of gaming debts. It is an understood thing in Russia that one who plays on credit and loses may pay or not pay as he wishes, and the winner only makes himself ridiculous by reminding the loser of his debt.”
“Then the holder106 of the bank has the right to refuse to accept bets which are not backed by ready money.”
“Certainly; and nobody has a right to be offended with him for doing so. Gaming is in a very bad state in Russia. I know young men of the highest rank whose chief boast is that they know how to conquer fortune; that is, to cheat. One of the Matuschkins goes so far as to challenge all foreign cheats to master him. He has just received permission to travel for three years, and it is an open secret that he wishes to travel that he may exercise his skill. He intends returning to Russia laden107 with the spoils of the dupes he has made.”
A young officer of the guards named Zinowieff, a relation of the Orloffs, whom I had met at Melissino’s, introduced me to Macartney, the English ambassador, a young man of parts and fond of pleasure. He had fallen in love with a young lady of the Chitroff family, and maid of honour to the empress, and finding his affection reciprocated108 a baby was the result. The empress disapproved109 strongly of this piece of English freedom, and had the ambassador recalled, though she forgave her maid of honour. This forgiveness was attributed to the young lady’s skill in dancing. I knew the brother of this lady, a fine and intelligent young officer. I had the good fortune to be admitted to the Court, and there I had the pleasure of seeing Mdlle. Chitroff dancing, and also Mdlle. Sievers, now Princesss, whom I saw again at Dresden four years ago with her daughter, an extremely genteel young princess. I was enchanted110 with Mdlle. Sievers, and felt quite in love with her; but as we were never introduced I had no opportunity of declaring my passion. Putini, the castrato, was high in her favour, as indeed he deserved to be, both for his talents and the beauties of his person.
The worthy Papanelopulo introduced me to Alsuwieff, one of the ministers, a man of wit and letters, and only one of the kind whom I met in Russia. He had been an industrious111 student at the University of Upsala, and loved wine, women, and good cheer. He asked me to dine with Locatelli at Catherinhoff, one of the imperial mansions112, which the empress had assigned to the old theatrical manager for the remainder of his days. He was astonished to see me, and I was more astonished still to find that he had turned taverner, for he gave an excellent dinner every day to all who cared to pay a rouble, exclusive of wine. M. d’Alsuwieff introduced me to his colleague in the ministry113, Teploff, whose vice1 was that he loved boys, and his virtue114 that he had strangled Peter III.
Madame Mecour, the dancer, introduced me to her lover, Ghelaghin, also a minister. He had spent twenty years of his life in Siberia.
A letter from Da Loglio got me a warm welcome from the castrato Luini, a delightful115 man, who kept a splendid table. He was the lover of Colonna, the singer, but their affection seemed to me a torment116, for they could scarce live together in peace for a single day. At Luini’s house I met another castrato, Millico, a great friend of the chief huntsman, Narischkin, who also became one of my friends. This Narischkin, a pleasant and a well-informed man, was the husband of the famous Maria Paulovna. It was at the chief huntsman’s splendid table that I met Calogeso Plato, now archbishop of Novgorod, and then chaplain to the empress. This monk117 was a Russian, and a master of ruses118, understood Greek, and spoke Latin and French, and was what would be called a fine man. It was no wonder that he rose to such a height, as in Russia the nobility never lower themselves by accepting church dignities.
Da Loglio had given me a letter for the Princess Daschkoff, and I took it to her country house, at the distance of three versts from St. Petersburg. She had been exiled from the capital, because, having assisted Catherine to ascend119 the throne, she claimed to share it with her.
I found the princess mourning for the loss of her husband. She welcomed me kindly, and promised to speak to M. Panin on my behalf; and three days later she wrote to me that I could call on that nobleman as soon as I liked. This was a specimen120 of the empress’s magnanimity; she had disgraced the princess, but she allowed her favourite minister to pay his court to her every evening. I have heard, on good authority, that Panin was not the princess’s lover, but her father. She is now the President of the Academy of Science, and I suppose the literati must look upon her as another Minerva, or else they would be ashamed to have a woman at their head. For completeness’ sake the Russians should get a woman to command their armies, but Joan d’Arcs are scarce.
Melissino and I were present at an extraordinary ceremony on the Day of the Epiphany, namely the blessing121 of the Neva, then covered with five feet of ice.
After the benediction122 of the waters children were baptized by being plunged123 into a large hole which had been made in the ice. On the day on which I was present the priest happened to let one of the children slip through his hands.
“Drugoi!” he cried.
That is, “Give me another.” But my surprise may be imagined when I saw that the father and mother of the child were in an ecstasy124 of joy; they were certain that the babe had been carried straight to heaven. Happy ignorance!
I had a letter from the Florentine Madame Bregonci for her friend the Venetian Roccolini, who had left Venice to go and sing at the St. Petersburg Theatre, though she did not know a note of music, and had never appeared on the stage. The empress laughed at her, and said she feared there was no opening in St. Petersburg for her peculiar talents, but the Roccolini, who was known as La Vicenza, was not the woman to lose heart for so small a check. She became an intimate friend of a Frenchwoman named Prote, the wife of a merchant who lived with the chief huntsman. She was at the same time his mistress and the confidante of his wife Maria Petrovna, who did not like her husband, and was very much obliged to the Frenchwoman for delivering her from the conjugal125 importunities.
This Prote was one of the handsomest women I have ever seen, and undoubtedly126 the handsomest in St. Petersburg at that time. She was in the flower of her age. She had at once a wonderful taste for gallantry and for all the mysteries of the toilette. In dress she surpassed everyone, and as she was witty and amusing she captivated all hearts. Such was the woman whose friend and procuress La Vicenza had become. She received the applications of those who were in love with Madame Prote, and passed them on, while, whether a lover’s suit was accepted or not, the procuress got something out of him.
I recognized Signora Roccolini as soon as I saw her, but as twenty years had elapsed since our last meeting she did not wonder at my appearing not to know her, and made no efforts to refresh my memory. Her brother was called Montellato, and he it was who tried to assassinate127 me one night in St. Mark’s Square, as I was leaving the Ridotto. The plot that would have cost me my life, if I had not made my escape from the window, was laid in the Roccolini’s house.
She welcomed me as a fellow-countryman in a strange land, told me of her struggles, and added that now she had an easy life of it, and associated with the pleasantest ladies in St. Petersburg.
“I am astonished that you have not met the fair Madame Prote at the chief huntsman’s, for she is the darling of his heart. Come and take coffee with me to-morrow, and you shall see a wonder.”
I kept the appointment, and I found the lady even more beautiful than the Venetian’s praises of her had led me to expect. I was dazzled by her beauty, but not being a rich man I felt that I must set my wits to work if I wanted to enjoy her. I asked her name, though I knew it quite well, and she replied, “Prote.”
“I am glad to hear it, madam,” said I, “for you thereby128 promise to be mine.”
“How so?” said she, with a charming smile. I explained the pun, and made her laugh. I told her amusing stories, and let her know the effect that her beauty had produced on me, and that I hoped time would soften129 her heart to me. The acquaintance was made, and thenceforth I never went to Narischkin’s without calling on her, either before or after dinner.
The Polish ambassador returned about that time, and I had to forego my enjoyment130 of the fair Anglade, who accepted a very advantegeous proposal which was made her by Count Brawn131. This charming Frenchwoman died of the small-pox a few months later, and there can be no doubt that her death was a blessing, as she would have fallen into misery132 and poverty after her beauty had once decayed.
I desired to succeed with Madame Prote, and with that idea I asked her to dinner at Locatelli’s with Luini, Colonna, Zinowieff, Signora Vicenza, and a violinist, her lover. We had an excellent dinner washed down with plenty of wine, and the spirits of the company were wound up to the pitch I desired. After the repast each gentleman went apart with his lady, and I was on the point of success when an untoward133 accident interrupted us. We were summoned to see the proofs of Luini’s prowess; he had gone out shooting with his dogs and guns.
As I was walking away from Catherinhoff with Zinowieff I noticed a young country-woman whose beauty astonished me. I pointed134 her out to the young officer, and we made for her; but she fled away with great activity to a little cottage, where we followed her. We went in and saw the father, mother, and some children, and in a corner the timid form of the fair maiden135.
Zinowieff (who, by the way, was for twenty years Russian ambassador at Madrid) had a long conversation in Russian with the father. I did not understand what was said, but I guessed it referred to the girl because, when her father called her, she advanced submissively, and stood modestly before us.
The conversation over, Zinowieff went out, and I followed him after giving the master of the house a rouble. Zinowieff told me what had passed, saying that he had asked the father if he would let him have the daughter as a maid-servant, and the father had replied that it should be so with all his heart, but that he must have a hundred roubles for her, as she was still a virgin136. “So you see,” added Zinowieff, “the matter is quite simple.”
“How simple?”
“Why, yes; only a hundred roubles.”
“And supposing me to be inclined to give that sum?”
“Then she would be your servant, and you could do anything you liked with her, except kill her.”
“And supposing she is not willing?”
“That never happens, but if it did you could have beaten her.”
“Well, if she is satisfied and I enjoy her, can I still continue to keep her?”
“You will be her master, I tell you, and can have her arrested if she attempts to escape, unless she can return the hundred roubles you gave for her.”
“What must I give her per month?”
“Nothing, except enough to eat and drink. You must also let her go to the baths on Saturday and to the church on Sunday.”
“Can I make her come with me when I leave St. Petersburg?”
“No, unless you obtain permission and find a surety, for though the girl would be your slave she would still be a slave to the empress.”
“Very good; then will you arrange this matter for me? I will give the hundred roubles, and I promise you I will not treat her as a slave. But I hope you will care for my interests, as I do not wish to be duped.”
“I promise you you shall not be duped; I will see to everything. Would you like her now?”
“No, to-morrow.”
“Very good; then to-morrow it shall be.”
We returned to St. Petersburg in a phaeton, and the next day at nine o’clock I called on Zinowieff, who said he was delighted to do me this small service. On the way he said that if I liked he could get me a perfect seraglio of pretty girls in a few days.
“No,” said I, “one is enough.” And I gave him the hundred roubles.
We arrived at the cottage, where we found the father, mother, and daughter. Zinowieff explained his business crudely enough, after the custom of the country, and the father thanked St. Nicholas for the good luck he had sent him. He spoke to his daughter, who looked at me and softly uttered the necessary yes.
Zinowieff then told me that I ought to ascertain137 that matters were intact, as I was going to pay for a virgin. I was afraid of offending her, and would have nothing to do with it; but Zinowieff said the girl would be mortified138 if I did not examine her, and that she would be delighted if I place her in a position to prove before her father and mother that her conduct had always been virtuous139. I therefore made the examination as modestly as I could, and I found her to be intact. To tell the truth, I should not have said anything if things had been otherwise.
Zinowieff then gave the hundred roubles to the father, who handed them to his daughter, and she only took them to return them to her mother. My servant and coachman were then called in to witness as arrangement of which they knew nothing.
I called her Zaira, and she got into the carriage and returned with me to St. Petersburg in her coarse clothes, without a chemise of any kind. After I had dropped Zinowieff at his lodging I went home, and for four days I was engaged in collecting and arranging my slave’s toilet, not resting till I had dressed her modestly in the French style. In less than three months she had learnt enough Italian to tell me what she wanted and to understand me. She soon loved me, and afterwards she got jealous. But we shall hear more of her in the following chapter.
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1
vice
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| n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的 | |
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knight
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| n.骑士，武士；爵士 | |
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distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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4
spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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geniality
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| n.和蔼，诚恳；愉快 | |
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lodging
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| n.寄宿，住所；(大学生的)校外宿舍 | |
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memoirs
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| n.回忆录；回忆录传( mem,自oir的名词复数) | |
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8
witty
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| adj.机智的，风趣的 | |
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libertine
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| n.淫荡者；adj.放荡的，自由思想的 | |
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10
devoid
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| adj.全无的，缺乏的 | |
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mutual
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| adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的 | |
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baron
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| n.男爵；(商业界等)巨头，大王 | |
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insignificant
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| adj.无关紧要的，可忽略的，无意义的 | |
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gourmand
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| n.嗜食者 | |
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lulling
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| vt.使镇静，使安静（lull的现在分词形式） | |
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16
creditor
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| n.债仅人，债主，贷方 | |
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creditors
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| n.债权人，债主( creditor的名词复数 ) | |
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18
persecutes
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| （尤指宗教或政治信仰的）迫害(~sb. for sth.)( persecute的第三人称单数 )； 烦扰，困扰或骚扰某人 | |
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19
annul
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| v.宣告…无效，取消，废止 | |
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rascal
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| n.流氓；不诚实的人 | |
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21
extricate
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| v.拯救，救出；解脱 | |
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22
lieutenant
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| n.陆军中尉，海军上尉；代理官员，副职官员 | |
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23
baroness
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| n.男爵夫人，女男爵 | |
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worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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Founder
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| n.创始者，缔造者 | |
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eloquent
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| adj.雄辩的，口才流利的；明白显示出的 | |
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dealer
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| n.商人，贩子 | |
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28
dishonoured
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| a.不光彩的，不名誉的 | |
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29
knavery
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| n.恶行，欺诈的行为 | |
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30
defrauded
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| v.诈取，骗取( defraud的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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strictly
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| adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地 | |
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traitor
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| n.叛徒，卖国贼 | |
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34
abhorred
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| v.憎恶( abhor的过去式和过去分词 )；（厌恶地）回避；拒绝；淘汰 | |
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35
supreme
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| adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的 | |
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shuffle
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| n.拖著脚走，洗纸牌；v.拖曳，慢吞吞地走 | |
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37
ERECTED
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| adj. 直立的，竖立的，笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立，建立 | |
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38
guardianship
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| n. 监护, 保护, 守护 | |
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39
confided
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| v.吐露（秘密，心事等）( confide的过去式和过去分词 )；（向某人）吐露（隐私、秘密等） | |
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40
monarch
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| n.帝王，君主，最高统治者 | |
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41
assassination
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| n.暗杀；暗杀事件 | |
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42
wary
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| adj.谨慎的，机警的，小心的 | |
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43
entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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44
subsided
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| v.（土地）下陷（因在地下采矿）( subside的过去式和过去分词 )；减弱；下降至较低或正常水平；一下子坐在椅子等上 | |
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45
politic
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| adj.有智虑的；精明的；v.从政 | |
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46
calumny
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| n.诽谤，污蔑，中伤 | |
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47
rue
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| n.懊悔，芸香，后悔；v.后悔，悲伤，懊悔 | |
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48
perfidious
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| adj.不忠的，背信弃义的 | |
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49
reigned
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| vi.当政，统治（reign的过去式形式） | |
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50
precisely
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| adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地 | |
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51
kindly
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| adj.和蔼的，温和的，爽快的；adv.温和地，亲切地 | |
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52
tranquillity
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| n. 平静, 安静 | |
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53
duel
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| n./v.决斗；(双方的)斗争 | |
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54
prohibition
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| n.禁止；禁令，禁律 | |
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55
livelihood
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| n.生计，谋生之道 | |
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honourable
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| adj.可敬的；荣誉的，光荣的 | |
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57
conspiracy
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| n.阴谋，密谋，共谋 | |
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58
knaves
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| n.恶棍，无赖( knave的名词复数 )；（纸牌中的）杰克 | |
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59
intrigue
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| vt.激起兴趣，迷住；vi.耍阴谋；n.阴谋，密谋 | |
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60
rogue
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| n.流氓；v.游手好闲 | |
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61
slash
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| vi.大幅度削减；vt.猛砍，尖锐抨击，大幅减少；n.猛砍，斜线，长切口，衣衩 | |
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adorns
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| 装饰，佩带( adorn的第三人称单数 ) | |
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63
tavern
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| n.小旅馆，客栈；小酒店 | |
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dexterity
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| n.(手的)灵巧，灵活 | |
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loom
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| n.织布机，织机；v.隐现，(危险、忧虑等)迫近 | |
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66
thoroughly
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| adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地 | |
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antagonist
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| n.敌人，对抗者，对手 | |
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enraged
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| 使暴怒( enrage的过去式和过去分词 )； 歜； 激愤 | |
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69
banished
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| v.放逐，驱逐( banish的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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upwards
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| adv.向上，在更高处...以上 | |
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71
deign
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| v. 屈尊, 惠允 ( 做某事) | |
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72
regiment
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| n.团，多数，管理；v.组织，编成团，统制 | |
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73
amassed
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| v.积累，积聚( amass的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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74
demon
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| n.魔鬼，恶魔 | |
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75
attire
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| v.穿衣，装扮[同]array；n.衣着；盛装 | |
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76
plentiful
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| adj.富裕的，丰富的 | |
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77
stammered
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| v.结巴地说出( stammer的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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78
converse
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| vi.谈话，谈天，闲聊；adv.相反的，相反 | |
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varied
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| adj.多样的，多变化的 | |
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80
wilderness
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| n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠 | |
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81
jargon
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| n.术语，行话 | |
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82
affinity
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| n.亲和力，密切关系 | |
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83
gild
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| vt.给…镀金，把…漆成金色，使呈金色 | |
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84
extremity
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| n.末端，尽头；尽力；终极；极度 | |
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85
cisterns
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| n.蓄水池，储水箱( cistern的名词复数 )；地下储水池 | |
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86
charcoal
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| n.炭，木炭，生物炭 | |
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87
suffocated
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| （使某人）窒息而死( suffocate的过去式和过去分词 )； （将某人）闷死； 让人感觉闷热； 憋气 | |
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provocation
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| n.激怒，刺激，挑拨，挑衅的事物，激怒的原因 | |
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89
auditors
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| n.审计员，稽核员( auditor的名词复数 )；（大学课程的）旁听生 | |
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90
decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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illuminated
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| adj.被照明的；受启迪的 | |
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92
peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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93
intonations
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| n.语调，说话的抑扬顿挫( intonation的名词复数 )；（演奏或唱歌中的）音准 | |
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94
divulge
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| v.泄漏(秘密等)；宣布，公布 | |
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95
theatrical
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| adj.剧场的，演戏的；做戏似的，做作的 | |
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96
enquire
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| v.打听，询问；调查，查问 | |
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97
credence
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| n.信用，祭器台，供桌，凭证 | |
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98
mishap
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| n.不幸的事，不幸；灾祸 | |
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99
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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100
alas
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| int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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101
artillery
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| n.(军)火炮，大炮；炮兵(部队) | |
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102
celebrated
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| adj.有名的，声誉卓著的 | |
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103
lottery
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| n.抽彩；碰运气的事，难于算计的事 | |
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104
vicissitudes
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| n.变迁，世事变化；变迁兴衰( vicissitude的名词复数 )；盛衰兴废 | |
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affected
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| adj.不自然的，假装的 | |
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106
holder
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| n.持有者，占有者；(台，架等)支持物 | |
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107
laden
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| adj.装满了的；充满了的；负了重担的；苦恼的 | |
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108
reciprocated
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| v.报答，酬答( reciprocate的过去式和过去分词 )；（机器的部件）直线往复运动 | |
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109
disapproved
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| v.不赞成( disapprove的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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110
enchanted
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| adj. 被施魔法的，陶醉的，入迷的 动词enchant的过去式和过去分词 | |
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111
industrious
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| adj.勤劳的，刻苦的，奋发的 | |
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112
mansions
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| n.宅第，公馆，大厦( mansion的名词复数 ) | |
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113
ministry
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| n.(政府的)部；牧师 | |
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114
virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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115
delightful
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| adj.令人高兴的，使人快乐的 | |
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116
torment
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| n.折磨；令人痛苦的东西(人)；vt.折磨；纠缠 | |
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117
monk
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| n.和尚，僧侣，修道士 | |
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118
ruses
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| n.诡计，计策( ruse的名词复数 ) | |
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119
ascend
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| vi.渐渐上升，升高；vt.攀登，登上 | |
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120
specimen
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| n.样本，标本 | |
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121
blessing
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| n.祈神赐福；祷告；祝福，祝愿 | |
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122
benediction
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| n.祝福；恩赐 | |
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123
plunged
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| v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降 | |
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124
ecstasy
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| n.狂喜，心醉神怡，入迷 | |
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125
conjugal
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| adj.婚姻的，婚姻性的 | |
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126
undoubtedly
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| adv.确实地，无疑地 | |
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127
assassinate
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| vt.暗杀，行刺，中伤 | |
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128
thereby
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| adv.因此，从而 | |
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129
soften
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| v.(使)变柔软；(使)变柔和 | |
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130
enjoyment
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| n.乐趣；享有；享用 | |
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131
brawn
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| n.体力 | |
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132
misery
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| n.痛苦，苦恼，苦难；悲惨的境遇，贫苦 | |
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133
untoward
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| adj.不利的，不幸的，困难重重的 | |
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134
pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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135
maiden
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| n.少女，处女；adj.未婚的，纯洁的，无经验的 | |
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136
virgin
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| n.处女，未婚女子；adj.未经使用的；未经开发的 | |
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137
ascertain
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| vt.发现，确定，查明，弄清 | |
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138
mortified
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| v.使受辱( mortify的过去式和过去分词 )；伤害（人的感情）；克制；抑制（肉体、情感等） | |
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139
virtuous
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| adj.有品德的，善良的，贞洁的，有效力的 | |
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