The present Spring comes onward23 with fleeter footsteps, because Winter lingered so unconscionably long that with her best diligence she can hardly retrieve24 half the allotted25 period of her reign26. It is but a fortnight since I stood on the brink27 of our swollen28 river and beheld29 the accumulated ice of four frozen months go down the stream. Except in streaks30 here and there upon the hillsides, the whole visible universe was then covered with deep snow, the nethermost31 layer of which had been deposited by an early December storm. It was a sight to make the beholder33 torpid34, in the impossibility of imagining how this vast white napkin was to be removed from the face of the corpse-like world in less time than had been required to spread it there. But who can estimate the power of gentle influences, whether amid material desolation or the moral winter of man’s heart? There have been no tempestuous35 rains, even no sultry days, but a constant breath of southern winds, with now a day of kindly36 sunshine, and now a no less kindly mist or a soft descent of showers, in which a smile and a blessing37 seemed to have been steeped. The snow has vanished as if by magic; whatever heaps may be hidden in the woods and deep gorges38 of the hills, only two solitary39 specks40 remain in the landscape; and those I shall almost regret to miss when tomorrow I look for them in vain. Never before, methinks, has spring pressed so closely on the footsteps of retreating winter. Along the roadside the green blades of grass have sprouted41 on the very edge of the snow-drifts. The pastures and mowing-fields have not vet42 assumed a general aspect of verdure; but neither have they the cheerless-brown tint15 which they wear in latter autumn when vegetation has entirely43 ceased; there is now a faint shadow of life, gradually brightening into the warm reality. Some tracts44 in a happy exposure — as, for instance, yonder southwestern slope of an orchard45, in front of that old red farm-house beyond the river — such patches of land already wear a beautiful and tender green, to which no future luxuriance can add a charm. It looks unreal; a prophecy, a hope, a transitory effect of sonic peculiar46 light, which will vanish with the slightest motion of the eye. But beauty is never a delusion47; not these verdant48 tracts, but the dark and barren landscape all around them, is a shadow and a dream. Each moment wins seine portion of the earth from death to life; a sudden gleam of verdure brightens along the sunny slope of a bank which an instant ago was brown and bare. You look again, and behold32 an apparition49 of green grass!
The trees in our orchard and elsewhere are as yet naked, but already appear full of life and vegetable blood. It seems as if by one magic touch they might instantaneously burst into full foliage50, and that the wind which now sighs through their naked branches might make sudden music amid innumerable leaves. The mossgrown willow51-tree which for forty years past has overshadowed these western windows will be among the first to put on its green attire52. There are some objections to the willow; it is not a dry and cleanly tree, and impresses the beholder with an association of sliminess. No trees, I think, are perfectly53 agreeable as companions unless they have glossy54 leaves, dry bark, and a firm and hard texture55 of trunk and branches. But the willow is almost the earliest to gladden us with the promise and reality of beauty in its graceful56 and delicate foliage, and the last to scatter57 its yellow yet scarcely withered58 leaves upon the ground. All through the winter, too, its yellow twigs60 give it a sunny aspect, which is not without a cheering influence even in the grayest and gloomiest day. Beneath a clouded sky it faithfully remembers the sunshine. Our old house would lose a charm were the willow to be cut down, with its golden crown over the snow-covered roof and its heap of summer verdure.
The lilac-shrubs under my study-windows are likewise almost in leaf: in two or three days more I may put forth my hand and pluck the topmost bough62 in its freshest green. These lilacs are very aged63, and have lost the luxuriant foliage of their prime. The heart, or the judgment64, or the moral sense, or the taste is dissatisfied with their present aspect. Old age is not venerable when it embodies65 itself in lilacs, rose-bushes, or any other ornamental66 shrub61; it seems as if such plants, as they grow only for beauty, ought to flourish always in immortal67 youth, or, at least, to die before their sad decrepitude68. Trees of beauty are trees of paradise, and therefore not subject to decay by their original nature, though they have lost that precious birthright by being transplanted to an earthly soil. There is a kind of ludicrous unfitness in the idea of a time-stricken and grandfatherly lilac-bush. The analogy holds good in human life. Persons who can only be graceful and ornamental — who can give the world nothing but flowers — should die young, and never be seen with gray hair and wrinkles, any more than the flower-shrubs with mossy bark and blighted69 foliage, like the lilacs under my window. Not that beauty is worthy of less than immortality70; no, the beautiful should live forever — and thence, perhaps, the sense of impropriety when we see it triumphed over by time. Apple-trees, on the other hand, grow old without reproach. Let them live as long as they may, and contort themselves into whatever perversity72 of shape they please, and deck their withered limbs with a springtime gaudiness73 of pink blossoms; still they are respectable, even if they afford us only an apple or two in a season. Those few apples — or, at all events, the remembrance of apples in bygone years — are the atonement which utilitarianism inexorably demands for the privilege of lengthened74 life. Human flower-shrubs, if they will grow old on earth, should, besides their lovely blossoms, bear some kind of fruit that will satisfy earthly appetites, else neither man nor the decorum of nature will deem it fit that the moss should gather on them.
One of the first things that strikes the attention when the white sheet of winter is withdrawn75 is the neglect and disarray76 that lay hidden beneath it. Nature is not cleanly according to our prejudices. The beauty of preceding years, now transformed to brown and blighted deformity, obstructs78 the brightening loveliness of the present hour. Our avenue is strewn with the whole crop of autumn’s withered leaves. There are quantities of decayed branches which one tempest after another has flung down, black and rotten, and one or two with the ruin of a bird’s-nest clinging to them. In the garden are the dried bean-vines, the brown stalks of the asparagus-bed, and melancholy79 old cabbages which were frozen into the soil before their unthrifty cultivator could find time to gather them. How invariably, throughout all the forms of life, do we find these intermingled memorials of death! On the soil of thought and in the garden of the heart, as well as in the sensual world, he withered leaves — the ideas and feelings that we have done with. There is no wind strong enough to sweep them away; infinite space will not garner80 then from our sight. What mean they? Why may we not be permitted to live and enjoy, as if this were the first life and our own the primal81 enjoyment82, instead of treading always on these dry hones and mouldering83 relics84, from the aged accumulation of which springs all that now appears so young and new? Sweet must have been the springtime of Eden, when no earlier year had strewn its decay upon the virgin85 turf and no former experience had ripened86 into summer and faded into autumn in the hearts of its inhabitants! That was a world worth living in. O then murmurer87, it is out of the very wantonness of such a life that then feignest these idle lamentations. There is no decay. Each human soul is the first-created inhabitant of its own Eden. We dwell in an old moss-covered mansion, and tread in the worn footprints of the past, and have a gray clergyman’s ghost for our daily and nightly inmate88; yet all these outward circumstances are made less than visionary by the renewing power of the spirit. Should the spirit ever lose this power — should the withered leaves, and the rotten branches, and the moss-covered house, and the ghost of the gray past ever become its realities, and the verdure and the freshness merely its faint dream — then let it pray to be released from earth. It will need the air of heaven to revive its pristine89 energies.
What an unlooked-for flight was this from our shadowy avenue of black-ash and balm of Gilead trees into the infinite! Now we have our feet again upon the turf. Nowhere does the grass spring up so industriously90 as in this homely yard, along the base of the stone wall, and in the sheltered nooks of the buildings, and especially around the southern doorstep — a locality which seems particularly favorable to its growth, for it is already tall enough to bend over and wave in the wind. I observe that several weeds — and most frequently a plant that stains the fingers with its yellow juice — have survived and retained their freshness and sap throughout the winter. One knows not how they have deserved such an exception from the common lot of their race. They are now the patriarchs of the departed year, and may preach mortality to the present generation of flowers and weeds.
Among the delights of spring, how is it possible to forget the birds? Even the crows were welcome as the sable91 harbingers of a brighter and livelier race. They visited us before the snow was off, but seem mostly to have betaken themselves to remote depths of the woods, which they haunt all summer long. Many a time shall I disturb them there, and feel as if I had intruded92 among a company of silent worshippers, as they sit in Sabbath stillness among the tree-tops. Their voices, when they speak, are in admirable accordance with the tranquil93 solitude94 of a summer afternoon; and resounding95 so far above the head, their loud clamor increases the religious quiet of the scene instead of breaking it. A crow, however, has no real pretensions96 to religion, in spite of his gravity of mien97 and black attire; he is certainly a thief, and probably an infidel. The gulls98 are far more respectable, in a moral point of view. These denizens99 of seabeaten rocks and haunters of the lonely beach come up our inland river at this season, and soar high overhead, flapping their broad wings in the upper sunshine. They are among the most picturesque100 of birds, because they so float and rest upon the air as to become almost stationary101 parts of the landscape. The imagination has time to grow acquainted with them; they have not flitted away in a moment. You go up among the clouds and greet these lofty-flighted gulls, and repose102 confidently with them upon the sustaining atmosphere. Duck’s have their haunts along the solitary places of the river, and alight in flocks upon the broad bosom103 of the overflowed104 meadows. Their flight is too rapid and determined105 for the eye to catch enjoyment from it, although it never fails to stir up the heart with the sportsman’s ineradicable instinct. They have now gone farther northward, but will visit us again in autumn.
The smaller birds — the little songsters of the woods, and those that haunt man’s dwellings106 and claim human friendship by building their nests under the sheltering eaves or among the orchard trees — these require a touch more delicate and a gentler heart than mine to do them justice. Their outburst of melody is like a brook107 let loose from wintry chains. We need not deem it a too high and solemn word to call it a hymn108 of praise to the Creator; since Nature, who pictures the reviving year in so many sights of beauty, has expressed the sentiment of renewed life in no other sound save the notes of these blessed birds. Their music, however, just now, seems to be incidental, and not the result of a set purpose. They are discussing the economy of life and love and the site and architecture of their summer residences, and have no time to sit on a twig59 and pour forth solemn hymns109, or overtures110, operas, symphonies, and waltzes. Anxious questions are asked; grave subjects are settled in quick and animated111 debate; and only by occasional accident, as from pure ecstasy112, does a rich warble roll its tiny waves of golden sound through the atmosphere. Their little bodies are as busy as their voices; they are all a constant flutter and restlessness. Even when two or three retreat to a tree-top to hold council, they wag their tails and heads all the time with the irrepressible activity of their nature, which perhaps renders their brief span of life in reality as long as the patriarchal age of sluggish man. The blackbirds, three species of which consort113 together, are the noisiest of all our feathered citizens. Great companies of them — more than the famous “four-and-twenty” whom Mother Goose has immortalized — congregate114 in contiguous treetops and vociferate with all the clamor and confusion of a turbulent political meeting. Politics, certainly, must be the occasion of such tumultuous debates; but still, unlike all other politicians, they instil115 melody into their individual utterances116 and produce harmony as a general effect. Of all bird voices, none are more sweet and cheerful to my ear than those of swallows, in the dim, sunstreaked interior of a lofty barn; they address the heart with even a closer sympathy than robin-redbreast. But, indeed, all these winged people, that dwell in the vicinity of homesteads, seem to partake of human nature, and possess the germ, if not the development, of immortal souls. We hear them saying their melodious117 prayers at morning’s blush and eventide. A little while ago, in the deep of night, there came the lively thrill of a bird’s note from a neighboring tree — a real song, such as greets the purple dawn or mingles118 with the yellow sunshine. What could the little bird mean by pouring it forth at midnight? Probably the music gushed119 out of the midst of a dream in which he fancied himself in paradise with his mate, but suddenly awoke on a cold leafless bough, with a New England mist penetrating120 through his feathers. That was a sad exchange of imagination for reality.
Insects are among the earliest births of sprung. Multitudes of I know not what species appeared long ago on the surface of the snow. Clouds of them, almost too minute for sight, hover121 in a beam of sunshine, and vanish, as if annihilated122, when they pass into the shade. A mosquito has already been heard to sound the small horror of his bugle-horn. Wasps123 infest124 the sunny windows of the house. A bee entered one of the chambers125 with a prophecy of flowers. Rare butterflies came before the snow was off, flaunting126 in the chill breeze, and looking forlorn and all astray, in spite of the magnificence of their dark velvet127 cloaks, with golden borders.
The fields and wood-paths have as yet few charms to entice128 the wanderer. In a walk, the other day, I found no violets, nor anemones129, nor anything in the likeness130 of a flower. It was worth while, however, to ascend6 our opposite hill for the sake of gaining a general idea of the advance of spring, which I had hitherto been studying in its minute developments. The river lay around me in a semicircle, overflowing131 all the meadows which give it its Indian name, and offering a noble breadth to sparkle in the sunbeams. Along the hither shore a row of trees stood up to their knees in water; and afar off, on the surface of the stream, tufts of bushes thrust up their heads, as it were, to breathe. The most striking objects were great solitary trees here and there, with a mile-wide waste of water all around them. The curtailment132 of the trunk, by its immersion133 in the river, quite destroys the fair proportions of the tree, and thus makes us sensible of a regularity134 and propriety71 in the usual forms of nature. The flood of the present season — though it never amounts to a freshet on our quiet stream — has encroached farther upon the land than any previous one for at least a score of years. It has overflowed stone fences, and even rendered a portion of the highway navigable for boats.
The waters, however, are now gradually subsiding135; islands become annexed136 to the mainland; and other islands emerge, like new creations, from the watery137 waste. The scene supplies an admirable image of the receding77 of the Nile, except that there is no deposit of black slime; or of Noah’s flood, only that there is a freshness and novelty in these recovered portions of the continent which give the impression of a world just made rather than of one so polluted that a deluge138 had been requisite139 to purify it. These upspringing islands are the greenest spots in the landscape; the first gleam of sunlight suffices to cover them with verdure.
Thank Providence140 for spring! The earth — and man himself, by sympathy with his birthplace would be far other than we find them if life toiled141 wearily onward without this periodical infusion142 of the primal spirit. Will the world ever be so decayed that spring may not renew its greenness? Can man be so dismally143 age stricken that no faintest sunshine of his youth may revisit him once a year? It is impossible. The moss on our time-worn mansion brightens into beauty; the good old pastor144 who once dwelt here renewed his prime, regained145 his boyhood, in the genial breezes of his ninetieth spring. Alas146 for the worn and heavy soul if, whether in youth or age, it have outlived its privilege of springtime sprightliness147! From such a soul the world must hope no reformation of its evil, no sympathy with the lofty faith and gallant148 struggles of those who contend in its behalf. Summer works in the present, and thinks not of the future; autumn is a rich conservative; winter has utterly149 lost its faith, and clings tremulously to the remembrance of what has been; but spring, with its outgushing life, is the true type of the movement.
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1
moss
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| n.苔，藓，地衣 | |
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mansion
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| n.大厦，大楼；宅第 | |
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inviting
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| adj.诱人的，引人注目的 | |
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genial
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| adj.亲切的，和蔼的，愉快的，脾气好的 | |
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casement
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| n.竖铰链窗；窗扉 | |
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ascend
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| vi.渐渐上升，升高；vt.攀登，登上 | |
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ascends
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| v.上升，攀登( ascend的第三人称单数 ) | |
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forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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retirement
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| n.退休，退职 | |
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chamber
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| n.房间，寝室；会议厅；议院；会所 | |
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sluggish
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| adj.懒惰的，迟钝的，无精打采的 | |
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lapse
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| n.过失，流逝，失效，抛弃信仰，间隔；vi.堕落，停止，失效，流逝；vt.使失效 | |
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grotesque
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| adj.怪诞的，丑陋的；n.怪诞的图案，怪人（物） | |
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tinted
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| adj. 带色彩的 动词tint的过去式和过去分词 | |
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tint
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| n.淡色，浅色；染发剂；vt.着以淡淡的颜色 | |
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homely
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| adj.家常的，简朴的；不漂亮的 | |
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hues
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| 色彩( hue的名词复数 )； 色调； 信仰； 观点 | |
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meditation
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| n.熟虑，（尤指宗教的）默想，沉思，（pl.）冥想录 | |
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northward
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| adv.向北；n.北方的地区 | |
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labor
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| n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦 | |
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worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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imbibe
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| v.喝，饮；吸入，吸收 | |
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onward
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| adj.向前的，前进的；adv.向前，前进，在先 | |
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retrieve
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| vt.重新得到，收回；挽回，补救；检索 | |
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allotted
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| 分配，拨给，摊派( allot的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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reign
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| n.统治时期，统治，支配，盛行；v.占优势 | |
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brink
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| n.(悬崖、河流等的)边缘，边沿 | |
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swollen
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| adj.肿大的，水涨的；v.使变大，肿胀 | |
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beheld
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| v.看，注视( behold的过去式和过去分词 )；瞧；看呀；（叙述中用于引出某人意外的出现）哎哟 | |
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streaks
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| n.（与周围有所不同的）条纹( streak的名词复数 )；（通常指不好的）特征（倾向）；（不断经历成功或失败的）一段时期v.快速移动( streak的第三人称单数 )；使布满条纹 | |
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nethermost
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| adj.最下面的 | |
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behold
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| v.看，注视，看到 | |
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beholder
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| n.观看者，旁观者 | |
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torpid
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| adj.麻痹的，麻木的，迟钝的 | |
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tempestuous
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| adj.狂暴的 | |
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kindly
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| adj.和蔼的，温和的，爽快的；adv.温和地，亲切地 | |
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blessing
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| n.祈神赐福；祷告；祝福，祝愿 | |
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gorges
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| n.山峡，峡谷( gorge的名词复数 )；咽喉v.（用食物把自己）塞饱，填饱( gorge的第三人称单数 )；作呕 | |
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solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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specks
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| n.眼镜；斑点，微粒，污点( speck的名词复数 ) | |
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sprouted
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| v.发芽( sprout的过去式和过去分词 )；抽芽；出现；（使）涌现出 | |
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vet
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| n.兽医，退役军人；vt.检查 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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tracts
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| 大片土地( tract的名词复数 )； 地带； （体内的）道； （尤指宣扬宗教、伦理或政治的）短文 | |
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orchard
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| n.果园，果园里的全部果树，(美俚)棒球场 | |
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peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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delusion
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| n.谬见，欺骗，幻觉，迷惑 | |
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verdant
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| adj.翠绿的，青翠的，生疏的，不老练的 | |
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apparition
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| n.幽灵，神奇的现象 | |
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foliage
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| n.叶子，树叶，簇叶 | |
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willow
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| n.柳树 | |
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attire
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| v.穿衣，装扮[同]array；n.衣着；盛装 | |
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perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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glossy
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| adj.平滑的；有光泽的 | |
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texture
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| n.(织物)质地；(材料)构造；结构；肌理 | |
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graceful
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| adj.优美的，优雅的；得体的 | |
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scatter
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| vt.撒，驱散，散开；散布/播；vi.分散，消散 | |
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58
withered
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| adj. 枯萎的，干瘪的，（人身体的部分器官）因病萎缩的或未发育良好的 动词wither的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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twig
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| n.小树枝，嫩枝；v.理解 | |
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twigs
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| 细枝，嫩枝( twig的名词复数 ) | |
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61
shrub
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| n.灌木，灌木丛 | |
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62
bough
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| n.大树枝，主枝 | |
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63
aged
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| adj.年老的，陈年的 | |
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64
judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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65
embodies
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| v.表现( embody的第三人称单数 )；象征；包括；包含 | |
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66
ornamental
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| adj.装饰的；作装饰用的；n.装饰品；观赏植物 | |
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67
immortal
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| adj.不朽的；永生的，不死的；神的 | |
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68
decrepitude
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| n.衰老；破旧 | |
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69
blighted
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| adj.枯萎的，摧毁的 | |
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70
immortality
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| n.不死，不朽 | |
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71
propriety
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| n.正当行为；正当；适当 | |
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72
perversity
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| n.任性；刚愎自用 | |
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73
gaudiness
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| n.华美，俗丽的美 | |
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74
lengthened
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| （时间或空间）延长，伸长( lengthen的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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75
withdrawn
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| vt.收回；使退出；vi.撤退，退出 | |
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76
disarray
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| n.混乱，紊乱，凌乱 | |
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77
receding
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| v.逐渐远离( recede的现在分词 )；向后倾斜；自原处后退或避开别人的注视；尤指问题 | |
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78
obstructs
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| 阻塞( obstruct的第三人称单数 )； 堵塞； 阻碍； 阻止 | |
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79
melancholy
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| n.忧郁，愁思；adj.令人感伤（沮丧）的，忧郁的 | |
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80
garner
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| v.收藏；取得 | |
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81
primal
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| adj.原始的；最重要的 | |
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82
enjoyment
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| n.乐趣；享有；享用 | |
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83
mouldering
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| v.腐朽( moulder的现在分词 )；腐烂，崩塌 | |
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84
relics
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| [pl.］n.遗物，遗迹，遗产；遗体，尸骸 | |
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85
virgin
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| n.处女，未婚女子；adj.未经使用的；未经开发的 | |
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86
ripened
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| v.成熟，使熟( ripen的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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87
murmurer
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| 低语 | |
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88
inmate
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| n.被收容者；(房屋等的)居住人；住院人 | |
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89
pristine
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| adj.原来的，古时的，原始的，纯净的，无垢的 | |
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90
industriously
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91
sable
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| n.黑貂；adj.黑色的 | |
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92
intruded
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| n.侵入的，推进的v.侵入，侵扰，打扰( intrude的过去式和过去分词 )；把…强加于 | |
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93
tranquil
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| adj. 安静的, 宁静的, 稳定的, 不变的 | |
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solitude
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| n. 孤独; 独居,荒僻之地,幽静的地方 | |
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95
resounding
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| adj. 响亮的 | |
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96
pretensions
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| 自称( pretension的名词复数 )； 自命不凡； 要求； 权力 | |
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97
mien
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| n.风采；态度 | |
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98
gulls
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| n.鸥( gull的名词复数 )v.欺骗某人( gull的第三人称单数 ) | |
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99
denizens
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| n.居民，住户( denizen的名词复数 ) | |
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100
picturesque
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| adj.美丽如画的，（语言）生动的，绘声绘色的 | |
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101
stationary
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| adj.固定的，静止不动的 | |
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102
repose
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| v.(使)休息；n.安息 | |
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103
bosom
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| n.胸，胸部；胸怀；内心；adj.亲密的 | |
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104
overflowed
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| 溢出的 | |
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105
determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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106
dwellings
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| n.住处，处所( dwelling的名词复数 ) | |
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107
brook
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| n.小河，溪；v.忍受，容让 | |
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108
hymn
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| n.赞美诗，圣歌，颂歌 | |
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109
hymns
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| n.赞美诗，圣歌，颂歌( hymn的名词复数 ) | |
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110
overtures
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| n.主动的表示，提议；（向某人做出的）友好表示、姿态或提议( overture的名词复数 )；（歌剧、芭蕾舞、音乐剧等的）序曲，前奏曲 | |
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111
animated
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| adj.生气勃勃的，活跃的，愉快的 | |
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112
ecstasy
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| n.狂喜，心醉神怡，入迷 | |
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113
consort
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| v.相伴；结交 | |
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114
congregate
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| v.(使)集合，聚集 | |
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115
instil
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| v.逐渐灌输 | |
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116
utterances
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| n.发声( utterance的名词复数 )；说话方式；语调；言论 | |
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117
melodious
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| adj.旋律美妙的，调子优美的，音乐性的 | |
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118
mingles
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| 混合，混入( mingle的第三人称单数 )； 混进，与…交往[联系] | |
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119
gushed
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| v.喷，涌( gush的过去式和过去分词 )；滔滔不绝地说话 | |
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120
penetrating
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| adj.（声音）响亮的，尖锐的adj.（气味）刺激的adj.（思想）敏锐的，有洞察力的 | |
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121
hover
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| vi.翱翔，盘旋；徘徊；彷徨，犹豫 | |
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122
annihilated
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| v.（彻底）消灭( annihilate的过去式和过去分词 )；使无效；废止；彻底击溃 | |
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123
wasps
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| 黄蜂( wasp的名词复数 )； 胡蜂； 易动怒的人； 刻毒的人 | |
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124
infest
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| v.大批出没于；侵扰；寄生于 | |
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125
chambers
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| n.房间( chamber的名词复数 )；（议会的）议院；卧室；会议厅 | |
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126
flaunting
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| adj.招摇的，扬扬得意的，夸耀的v.炫耀，夸耀( flaunt的现在分词 )；有什么能耐就施展出来 | |
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127
velvet
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| n.丝绒，天鹅绒；adj.丝绒制的，柔软的 | |
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128
entice
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| v.诱骗，引诱，怂恿 | |
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129
anemones
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| n.银莲花( anemone的名词复数 )；海葵 | |
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130
likeness
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| n.相像，相似（之处） | |
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131
overflowing
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| n. 溢出物,溢流 adj. 充沛的，充满的 动词overflow的现在分词形式 | |
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132
curtailment
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| n.缩减，缩短 | |
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133
immersion
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| n.沉浸；专心 | |
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134
regularity
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| n.规律性，规则性；匀称，整齐 | |
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135
subsiding
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| v.（土地）下陷（因在地下采矿）( subside的现在分词 )；减弱；下降至较低或正常水平；一下子坐在椅子等上 | |
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136
annexed
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| [法] 附加的，附属的 | |
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137
watery
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| adj.有水的，水汪汪的；湿的，湿润的 | |
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138
deluge
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| n./vt.洪水，暴雨，使泛滥 | |
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139
requisite
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| adj.需要的，必不可少的；n.必需品 | |
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140
providence
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| n.深谋远虑，天道，天意；远见；节约；上帝 | |
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141
toiled
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| 长时间或辛苦地工作( toil的过去式和过去分词 )； 艰难缓慢地移动，跋涉 | |
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142
infusion
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| n.灌输 | |
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143
dismally
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| adv.阴暗地，沉闷地 | |
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144
pastor
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| n.牧师，牧人 | |
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145
regained
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| 复得( regain的过去式和过去分词 )； 赢回； 重回； 复至某地 | |
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146
alas
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| int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等) | |
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147
sprightliness
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| n.愉快，快活 | |
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148
gallant
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| adj.英勇的，豪侠的；(向女人)献殷勤的 | |
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149
utterly
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| adv.完全地，绝对地 | |
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