Meanwhile, the sun had set, and twilight22 spread its uniform sombreness over all objects. Many, wearied with the exertions23 of the day, and tired of gossiping in the dark, returned to their respective homes. Our youth, after having assisted the progress of the carriage so long as there was need of assistance, and having followed it even between the two files of soldiers, as in triumph, was satisfied when he saw it rolling along, uninterruptedly, out of danger; and accompanying the crowd a little way, he soon deserted24 it by the first outlet25, that he might breathe a little fresh air in quiet. After taking a few steps at large, in the midst of much agitation26 from so many new scenes, so many passions, and so many recent and confused remembrances, he began to feel his need both of food and rest; and kept looking up from side to side, in hopes of seeing a sign of some inn, since it was too late to go to the convent. As he thus proceeded, gazing upwards, he suddenly lit upon a group of gossips; and stopping to listen, he heard them, as they talked, making conjectures27, proposals, and designs for the morrow. After listening a moment or two, he could not resist putting in his word, thinking that he who had done so much might, without presumption28, join a little in the conversation. Persuaded, from what he had seen during the day, that to accomplish anything, it was only necessary to suggest it to the populace, ‘My good sirs,’ cried he, by way of exordium: ‘may I, too, give my poor opinion? My poor opinion is this: that there are other iniquities29 besides this of bread. Now we’ve seen plain enough to-day that we can get justice by making ourselves felt. Then let us proceed until all these grievances30 are cured, that the world may move forward in a little more Christian31 fashion. Isn’t it true, gentlemen, that there’s a set of tyrants32 who set at nought33 the Ten Commandments, and search out poor people, (who don’t trouble their heads about them), just to do them every mischief34 they can; and yet they’re always in the right? Nay35, when they’ve been acting36 the rascal7 more than usual, then hold their heads higher than at other times? Yes, and even Milan has its share of them.’
‘Too many,’ said a voice.
‘So I say,’ rejoined Renzo: ‘the accounts of them have already reached our ears. And, besides, the thing speaks for itself. Let us suppose, for instance, that one of those I am talking about should have one foot outside and one in Milan: if he’s a devil there, he won’t be an angel here, I fancy. Yet just tell me, sirs, whether you’ve ever seen one of these men behind the grating! And the worst of it is (and this I can affirm with certainty), there are proclamations in plenty published, to punish them; and those not proclamations without meaning, but well drawn37 out; you can’t find anything better done: there are all sorts of villanies clearly mentioned, exactly as they happen, and to each one its proper punishment. It says: “Whoever it may be, ignoble38 or plebeians,” and what not besides. Now, just go and ask doctors, scribes, and pharisees, to see justice done to you, as the proclamation warrants, and they will give you as much ear as the Pope does to vagabonds: it’s enough to make any honest fellow turn desperate. It is plain enough, then, that the king, and those who command under him, are desirous that knaves39 should be duly punished; but nothing is done because there is some league between them. We, therefore, ought to break it; we should go to-morrow morning to Ferrer, who is a worthy40 man, and a tractable41 signor; we saw to-day how glad he was to be amongst the poor people, and how he tried to hear what was said to him, and answered with such condescension42. We should go to Ferrer, and tell him how things stand; and I, for my part, can tell him some fine doings; for I saw with my own eyes a proclamation with ever so many arms at the top, which had been made by three of the rulers, for there was the name of each of them printed plain below, and one of these names was Ferrer, seen by me with my own eyes: now, this edict exactly suited my case; and a doctor, to whom I applied43 for justice, according to the intention of these three gentlemen, among whom was Ferrer himself, this signor doctor, who had himself shown me the proclamation, and a fine one it is, aha! thought that I was talking to him like a madman! I’m sure that when this worthy old fellow hears some of these fine doings, for he cannot know all, particularly those in the country, he won’t be willing to let the world go on this way, but will find some remedy for it. And besides, they who make the proclamations ought to wish that they should be obeyed; for it is an insult to count as nothing an edict with their name fixed44 to it. And if the powerful ones won’t lower their heads, and will still play the fool, we are ready to make them, as we’ve done to-day. I don’t say that he should go about in his carriage, to carry off every powerful and overbearing rascal: eh, eh! it would require Noah’s ark for that. But he ought to command all those whose business it is, not only in Milan, but everywhere, to do things as the proclamations require; and draw up an indictment45 against all those who have committed these iniquities; and where it says, prison — to prison; where it says, galleys46 — to the galleys; and bid the podestà do his duty; if he won’t, send him about his business, and put a better man in his place; and then besides, as I said, we should be ready to lend a hand. And he ought to order the lawyers to listen to the poor, and to talk reasonably. Don’t I say right, my good sirs?’
Renzo had talked so earnestly, that from the beginning a great part of the assemblage had stopped all other conversation, and had turned to listen to him; and, up to a certain point, all had continued his auditors47. A confused clamour of applause, of ‘Bravo; certainly, he is right; it is too true!’ followed his harangue48. Critics, however, were not wanting. ‘Oh, yes,’ said one, ‘listen to a mountaineer: they are all advocates;’ and he went away. ‘Now,’ muttered another, ‘every ragamuffin must put in his word; and what with having too many irons in the fire, we sha’n’t have bread sold cheap, which is what we’ve made this stir for.’ Renzo, however, heard nothing but compliments, one taking him by this hand, another by that. ‘I will see you to-morrow. — Where? — At the square of the Cathedral. — Very well. — Very well. — And something will be done. — And something will be done.’
‘Which of these good gentlemen will direct me to an inn, where I can get something to eat, and a lodging49 for the night, that will suit a poor youth’s pocket?’ said Renzo.
‘I am at your service, my brave fellow,’ said one who had listened attentively51 to his harangue, and had not yet said a word. ‘I know an inn that will just suit you; and I will introduce you to the landlord, who is my friend, and a very worthy man.’
‘Near at hand?’ asked Renzo.
‘Only a little way off,’ replied he.
The assembly dispersed52; and Renzo, after several warm shakes of the hand from strangers, went off with his new acquaintance, thanking him heartily53 for his kindness.
‘Not a word, not a word,’ said he: one hand washes the other, and both the face. It is not one’s duty to serve one’s neighbour?’ And as he walked, he kept making of Renzo, in the course of conversation, first one and then another inquiry54. ‘Not out of curiosity about your doings; but you seem tired: where do you come from?’
‘I come,’ replied Renzo, ‘as far as from Lecco.’
‘From Lecco! Are you a native of Lecco?’
‘Of Lecco . . . that is, of the territory.’
‘Poor fellow! from what I have gathered in your conversation, you seem to have been badly treated.’
‘Eh! my dear fellow, I was obliged to speak rather carefully, that I might not publish my affairs to the world; but . . . it’s enough; some day it will be known, and then . . . But I see a sign of an inn here; and, to say the truth, I am not inclined to go any further.’
‘No, no; come where I told you: it’s a very little way further,’ said the guide: ‘here you won’t be comfortable.’
‘Very well,’ replied the youth: ‘I’m not a gentleman, accustomed to down, though: something good to supply the garrison55, and a straw mattress56, are enough for me: and what I most want is to find both directly. Here we are, fortunately,’ And he entered a shabby-looking doorway57, over which hung the sign of The Full Moon.
‘Well; I will lead you here, since you wish it,’ said the incognito58; and he followed him in.
‘Don’t trouble yourself any further,’ replied Renzo. ‘However,’ added he, ‘you will do me the favour of taking a glass with me.’
‘I accept your kind offer,’ replied he: and he advanced, as being better acquainted with the place, before Renzo, through a little court, approached a glass door, lifted up the latch59, and, opening it, entered with his companion into the kitchen.
Two lights illuminated60 the apartment, suspended from two hooks fixed in the beam of the ceiling. Many persons, all of whom were engaged, were lounging on benches which stretched along both sides of a narrow, dirty table, occupying almost the whole of one side of the room: here and there a cloth was spread, and a few dishes set out; at intervals61, cards were played, and dice62 cast, and gathered up; and everywhere were bottles and glasses. On the wet table were to be seen berlinghe, reali, and parpagliole,1 which, could they have spoken, would probably have said: This morning we were in a baker’s till, or in the pockets of some of the spectators of the tumult64; for every one, intent on watching how public matters went, forgot to look after their own private interests. The clamour was great. A boy was going backwards65 and forwards in haste and bustle66, waiting upon this table and sundry67 chess-boards: the host was sitting upon a small bench under the chimney-piece, occupied, apparently68, in making and un-making certain figures in the ashes with the tongs69; but, in reality, intent on all that was going on around him. He rose at the sound of the latch, and advanced towards the new comers. When he saw the guide. — Cursed fellow! thought he:— you are always coming to plague me, when I least want you! — Then, hastily glancing at Renzo, he again said to himself:— I don’t know you; but, coming with such a hunter, you must be either a dog or a hare; when you have said two words, I shall know which. — However, nothing of this mute soliloquy appeared in the landlord’s countenance70, which was as immovable as a picture: a round and shining face, with a thick reddish beard, and two bright and staring eyes.
‘What are your commands, gentlemen?’ said he.
‘First of all, a good flask71 of wine,’ said Renzo, ‘and then something to eat.’ So saying, he sat down on a bench towards the end of the table, and uttered a sonorous72 ‘Ah!’ which seemed to say: it does one good to sit down after having been so long standing and working so hard. But immediately the recollection of the bench and the table at which he had last sat with Lucia and Agnese, rushed to his mind, and forced from him a sigh. He shook his head to drive away the thought, and then saw the host coming with the wine. His companion had sat down opposite to Renzo, who poured him out a glass, and pushed it towards him, saying: ‘To moisten your lips.’ And filling the other glass, he emptied it at one draught73.
‘What can you give me to eat?’ then demanded he of the landlord.
‘A good bit of stewed74 meat?’ asked he.
‘Yes, sir; a bit of stewed meat.’
‘You shall be served directly,’ said the host to Renzo; and turning to the boy: ‘Attend to this stranger.’
And he retreated to the fire-place. ‘But . . . ’ resumed he, turning again towards Renzo: ‘we have no bread to-day.’‘As to bread,’ said Renzo, in a loud voice and laughing, ‘Providence76 has provided that.’ And drawing from his pocket the third and last loaf which he had picked up under the Cross of San Dionigi, he raised it in the air, exclaiming: ‘Behold the bread of Providence!’ Many turned on hearing this exclamation77; and, seeing such a trophy78 in the air, somebody called out: ‘Hurrah for bread at a low price!’
‘At a low price?’ said Renzo: ‘Gratis et amore.’
‘Better still, better still.’
‘But,’ added he, immediately, ‘I should not like these gentlemen to think ill of me. I have not, as they say, stolen it: I found it on the ground; and if I could find its owner, I am ready to pay him for it.’
‘Bravo! bravo!’ cried his companions, laughing more loudly, without its entering into one of their minds that these words seriously expressed a real fact and intention.
‘They think I’m joking; but it’s just so,’ said Renzo, to his guide, and, turning the loaf over in his hand, he added: ‘See how they’ve crushed it; it looks like a cake: but there were plenty close by it! if any of them had had very tender bones they’d have come badly off.’ Then, biting off and devouring79 three or four mouthfuls, he swallowed another glass of wine, and added, ‘This bread won’t go down alone. I never had so dry a throat. A great shouting there was!’
‘Prepare a good bed for this honest fellow,’ said the guide; ‘for he intends to sleep here.’
‘Do you wish a bed?’ asked the landlord of Renzo, advancing towards the table.
‘Certainly,’ replied he: ‘a bed, to be sure; only let the sheets be clean; for, though I’m but a poor lad, I’m accustomed to cleanliness.’
‘Oh! as to that,’ said the host: and going to a counter that stood in a corner of the kitchen, he returned with an inkstand and a little bit of writing-paper in one hand, and a pen in the other.
‘What does this mean?’ exclaimed Renzo, gulping80 down a mouthful of the stew75 that the boy had set before him, and then smiling in astonishment81: ‘Is this the white sheet, eh?’
Without making any reply, the landlord laid the paper on the table, and put the inkstand by the paper: then stooping forward, he rested his left arm on the table and his right elbow, and holding the pen in the air, with his face raised towards Renzo, said to him: ‘Will you be good enough to tell me your name, surname, and country?’
‘What?’ said Renzo: ‘What has all this to do with my bed?’
‘I do my duty,’ said the host, looking towards the guide; ‘we are obliged to give an account and relation of every one that comes to sleep in our house: name and surname, and of what nation he is, on what business he comes, if he has any arms with him . . . how long he intends to stay in this city . . . They are the very words of the proclamation.’
Before replying, Renzo swallowed another glass; it was the third, and from this time forward, I fear we shall not be able to count them. He then said, ‘Ah! ah! you have the proclamation! And I pride myself upon being a doctor of law; so I know well enough what importance is attached to edicts.’
‘I speak in earnest,’ said the landlord, keeping his eye on Renzo’s mute companion; and going again to the counter, he drew out a large sheet, an exact copy of the proclamation, and came to display it before Renzo’s eyes.
‘Ah! see!’ exclaimed the youth, raising the re-filled glass in one hand, and quickly emptying it, while he stretched out the other, and pointed82 with his finger towards the unfolded proclamation; ‘Look at that fine sheet, like a missal. I’m delighted to see it. I know those arms; and I know what that heretical face means, with the noose83 round its neck.’ (At the head of the edicts the arms of the governor were usually placed; and in those of Don Gonzalo Fernandez de Cordova appeared a Moorish84 king, chained by the throat.)
‘That face means: Command who can, and obey who will. When that face shall have sent to the galleys Signor don —— never mind, I know who; as another parchment says, like this; when it has provided that an honest youth may marry an honest girl who is willing to be married to him, then I will tell my name to this face, and will give it a kiss into the bargain. I may have very good reasons for not telling my name. Oh, truly! And if a rascal, who had under his command a handful more of rascals; for if he were alone ——’ Here he finished his sentence with a gesture: ‘If a rascal wanted to know where I am, to do me an ill turn, I ask if that face would move itself to help me. I’m to tell my business! This is something new. Supposing I had come to Milan to confess, I should wish to confess to a Capuchin Father, I beg to say, and not to a landlord.’
The host was silent, and looked towards the guide, who gave no token of noticing what passed. Renzo, we grieve to say, swallowed another glass, and continued: ‘I will give you a reason, my dear landlord, which will satisfy you. If those proclamations which speak in favour of good Christians85 are worth nothing, those which speak against them are worth still less. So carry away all these bothering things, and bring us instead another flask; for this is broken.’ So saying, he tapped it lightly with his knuckles86, and added: ‘Listen, how it sounds like a cracked bottle.’
Renzo’s language had again attracted the attention of the party; and when he ceased, there arose a general murmur19 of approbation87.
‘What must I do?’ said the host, looking at the incognito, who was, however, no stranger to him.
‘Away, away with them,’ cried many of the guests; ‘this country-man has some sense; they are grievances, tricks, impositions; new laws to-day, new laws!’
In the midst of these cries, the incognito, glancing towards the landlord a look of reproof88 for this too public magisterial89 summons, said, ‘Let him have his own way a little; don’t give any offence.’
‘I have done my duty,’ said the host, in a loud voice; and added, to himself:— Now I have my shoulders against the wall.— He then removed the pen, ink, and paper, and took the empty flagon to give it to the boy.
‘Bring the same sort of wine,’ said Renzo; ‘for I find it a worthy fellow, and will send it to sleep with the other, without asking its name or surname, and what is its business, and if it intends to stay any time in the city.’
‘Some more of the same sort,’ said the landlord, to the boy, giving him the flask; and he returned to his seat under the chimney-piece. — More simple than a hare! — thought he, figuring away in the cinders:— and into what hands hast thou fallen! Thou great ass17! If thou wilt90 drown, drown; but the landlord of the Full Moon isn’t obliged to go shares in thy folly91! —
Renzo returned thanks to his guide, and to all the rest who had taken his part. ‘Brave friends,’ said he, ‘now I see clearly that honest fellows give each other a hand, and support each other.’ Then waving his hand in the air, over the table, and again assuming the air of a speaker, ‘Isn’t it an admirable thing,’ exclaimed he, ‘that all our rulers will have pen, ink, and paper, intruding92 everywhere? Always a pen in the hand! They must have a mighty93 passion for wielding94 the pen!’
‘Eh! you worthy countryman! would you like to know the reason?’ said a winner in one of the games, laughing.
‘Let us hear,’ replied Renzo.
‘The reason is,’ said he, ‘that as these Signori eat geese, they find they have got so many quills95 that they are obliged to make something of them.’
All began to laugh, excepting the poor man who had just been a loser.
‘Oh,’ said Renzo, ‘this man is a poet. You have some poets here, then: they are springing up everywhere. I have a little turn that way myself; and sometimes I make some fine verses . . . but that’s when things go smoothly96.’
To understand this nonsense of poor Renzo’s, the reader must know that, amongst the lower orders in Milan, and still more in the country, the term poet did not signify, as among all educated people, a sacred genius, an inhabitant of Pindus, a votary97 of the Muses98; it rather meant a humorous and even giddy-headed person, who in conversation and behaviour had more repartee99 and novelty than sense. So daring are these mischief-makers among the vulgar, in destroying the meaning of words, and making them express things the most foreign and contrary to their legitimate100 signification! For what, I should like to know, has a poet to do with a giddy brain?
‘But I’ll tell you the true reason,’ added Renzo; ‘It is because they hold the pen in their own hand: and so the words that they utter fly away and disappear; the words that a poor lad speaks, are carefully noted101, and very soon they fly through the air with his pen, and are down upon paper to be made use of at a proper time and place. They’ve also another trick, that when they would bother a poor fellow who doesn’t know letters, but who has a little . . . I know what . . . ’ and to illustrate102 his meaning he began tapping, and almost battering103 his forehead with his forefinger104, ‘no sooner do they perceive that he begins to understand the puzzle, than, forsooth, they must throw in a little Latin, to make him lose the thread, to prevent his defending himself, and to perplex his brain. Well, well! it is our business to do away with these practices! To-day everything has been done reasonably, in our own tongue, and without pen, ink and paper: and to-morrow, if people will but govern themselves, we will do still better; without touching105 a hair of their heads, though; everything must be done in a fair way.’
In the mean time some of the company had returned to their gaming, others to eating, and many to shouting; some went away, and others arrived in their place; the landlord busied himself in attending upon all; but these things have nothing to do with our story.
The unknown guide was impatient to take his departure; yet, though he had not, to all appearance, any business at the house, he would not go away till he had chatted a little with Renzo, individually. He, therefore, turned to him, and renewed the conversation about bread; and after a few of those expressions which had been, for some time, in everybody’s mouth, he began to give his own opinion. ‘Eh! if I were ruling,’ said he, ‘I would find a way of making things right.’
‘How would you do?’ asked Renzo, fixing on him two eyes more sparkling than usual, and twisting his mouth away, as it were to be more attentive50.
‘How would I do?’ said he; ‘I would have bread for all: for poor as well as rich.’
‘Ah! so far well,’ said Renzo.
‘See how I would do. First, I would fix a moderate price, that everybody could reach. Then I would distribute bread according to the number of mouths: for there are some inconsiderate gluttons106 who would have all to themselves, and strive who can get the most, buying at a high price, and thus there isn’t bread enough for the poor people. Therefore, distribute bread. And how should that be done? See: give a note to every family, in proportion to the number of mouths, to go and get bread at the bakehouses. To me, for example, they should give a note of this kind:— Ambrogio Fusella, by trade a sword-cutler, with a wife and four children, all of an age to eat bread (note that well): let them have so much bread; and pay so many pence. But to do things justly it must always be in proportion to the number of mouths. You, we will suppose, ought to have a note for . . . your name?’
‘Lorenzo Tramaglino,’ said the youth; who, delighted with the plan, never recollected107 that it was entirely108 founded on paper, pen and ink, and that to put it in execution the first thing must be to get everybody’s name.
‘Very well,’ said the stranger; ‘but have you a wife and children?’
‘I ought, indeed . . . children, no . . . too soon . . . but a wife . . . if the world went as it ought . . . ’
‘Ah! you are single! Well, have patience; but a smaller portion . . . ’
‘You are right; but if soon, as I hope . . . and by the help of God . . . Enough; and when I’ve a wife too?’
‘Then change the note, and increase the quantity. As I said; always in proportion to the number of mouths,’ said the unknown, rising from his seat.
‘That is all very good,’ cried Renzo; and he continued vociferously109, as he struck his hand upon the table: ‘And why don’t they make a law of this kind?’
‘How can I tell? But I must bid you good night, and be off; for I fancy my wife and children have been looking out for me this good while.’
‘Just another little drop — another little drop,’ cried Renzo, hastily filling his glass; and, rising quickly, he seized the skirt of his doublet, and tried to force him to sit down again. ‘Another little drop; don’t do me this insult.’
But his friend disengaged himself with a sudden jerk, and leaving Renzo to indulge in importunity110 and reproaches as he pleased, again said: ‘Good night,’ and went away. Renzo shouted after him when he had even reached the street, and then sank back upon his seat. He eyed the glass that he had just filled; and seeing the boy passing the table, he detained him with a beckon111 of his hand, as if he had some business to communicate to him; he then pointed to the glass, and, with a slow and grave enunciation112, and pronouncing the words in a peculiar113 manner, said: ‘See, I had prepared it for that worthy gentleman: do you see? full to the brim, fit for a friend; but he wouldn’t have it; people have very odd ideas, sometimes. I couldn’t do otherwise; I let him see my kind intentions. Now, then, since the thing is done, I mus’n’t let it go to waste.’ So saying, he took it, and emptied it at a draught.
‘I understand,’ said the boy, going away.
‘Ah! you understand, do you?’ replied Renzo; ‘then it is true. When reasons are sensible! . . . ’
Nothing less than our love of truthfulness114 would induce us to prosecute115 a faithful account which does so little credit to so important a person, we may almost say, to the principal hero, of our story. From this same motive116 of impartiality117, however, we must also state, that this was the first time that such a thing happened to Renzo; and it is just because he was not accustomed to such excesses that his first attempt succeeded so fatally. The few glasses that he had swallowed one after another, at first, contrary to his usual habits, partly to cool his parched118 throat, partly from a sort of excitement of mind which gave him no liberty to do anything in moderation, quickly went to his head; a more practised drinker would probably never have felt them. Our anonymous119 author here makes an observation which we repeat for the benefit of those of our readers who know how to value it. Temperate120 and honest habits, says he, bring with them this advantage; that the more they are established and rooted in a man, so much the more easily, when he acts contrary to them, does he immediately feel the injury or inconvenience, or, to say the least, the disagreeability of such an action: so that he has something to remember for a time; and thus even a slight fault serves him for a lesson.
However this may be, certain it is that when these first fumes121 had mounted to Renzo’s brain, wine and words continued to flow, one down, the other up, without measure or reason: and at the point where we have left him, he had got quite beyond his powers of self-government. He felt a great desire to talk: auditors, or at least men present whom he could imagine such, were not wanting; and for some time also words had readily occurred to him, and he had been able to arrange them in some sort of order. But by degrees his power of connecting sentences began woefully to fail. The thought that had presented itself vividly123 and definitively124 to his mind, suddenly clouded over and vanished; while the word he wanted and waited for, was, when it occurred to him, inapplicable and unseasonable. In this perplexity, by one of those false instincts that so often ruin men, he would again have recourse to the flagon; but any one with a grain of sense will be able to imagine of what use the flagon was to him then.
We will only relate some of the many words he uttered in this disastrous125 evening; the others which we omit would be too unsuitable; for they not only had no meaning, but made no show of having any — a necessary requisite126 in a printed book.
‘Ah, host, host,’ resumed he, following him with his eye round the table, or under the chimney-piece; sometimes gazing at him where he was not, and talking all the time in the midst of the uproar127 of the party: ‘What a landlord you are! I cannot swallow this . . . this trick about the name, surname, and business. To a youth like me! . . . You have not behaved well. What satisfaction now, what advantage, what pleasure . . . to put upon paper a poor youth? Don’t I speak sense, gentlemen? Landlords ought to stand by good youths . . . Listen, listen, landlord; I will compare you . . . because . . . Do you laugh, eh! I am a little too far gone, I know . . . but the reasons I would give are right enough. Just tell me, now, who is it that keeps up your trade? Poor fellows, isn’t it? See if any of these gentlemen of the proclamations ever come here to wet their lips.’
‘They are all people that drink water,’ said one of Renzo’s neighbours.
‘They want to have their heads clear,’ added another, ‘to be able to tell lies cleverly.’
‘Ah!’ cried Renzo. ‘That was the poet who spoke63 then. Then you also understand my reason. Answer me, then, landlord; and Ferrer, who is the best of all, has he ever come here to drink a toast, or to spend a quarter of a farthing? And that dog of a villain128, Don . . . I’ll hold my tongue, because I’m a careful fellow. Ferrer and Father Cr-r-r . . . I know, they are two worthy men; but there are so few worthy men in the world. The old are worse than the young; and the young . . . worse again than the old. However, I am glad there has been no murdering; fye; cruelties that should be left for the hangman’s hands. Bread; oh yes! I got some great pushes, but . . . I gave some away too. Room! plenty! long live! . . . However, even Ferrer . . . some few words in Latin . . . siés baraòs trapolorum . . . Cursed trick! Long live! . . . justice! bread! Ah, these are fair words! . . . There we wanted these comrades . . . when that cursed ton, ton, ton, broke forth129, and then again ton, ton, ton. We did not flee then, do you see, to keep that signor curate there . . . I know what I’m thinking about!’
At these words he bent130 down his head, and remained some time as if absorbed in some idea; he then heaved a deep sigh, and raised a face with two piteous-looking eyes, and such an expression of disagreeable and stupid grief, that woe122 to him if the object of it could have seen him at that moment. But the wicked men around him, who had already begun to divert themselves with the impassioned and confused eloquence131 of Renzo, now hastened to ridicule132 his countenance tinctured with remorse133; the nearest to him said to the others: ‘Look at him;’ and all turned towards the poor fellow, so that he became the laughing-stock of the unruly company. Not that all of them were in their perfect senses, or in their ordinary senses, whatever they might be; but, to say the truth, none of them had gone so far as poor Renzo: and still more, he was a countryman. They began, first one and then another, to provoke him with foolish and unmannerly questions, and jesting ceremonies. One moment he would seem to be offended, the next, would take the treatment in joke; now, without taking notice of all these voices, he would talk of something quite different, now replying, now interrogating134, but always by starts and blunders. Fortunately, in all this extravagance, he had preserved a kind of instinctive135 carefulness not to mention the names of persons, so that even that which was most likely to be firmly fixed in his memory was not once uttered; for deeply it would have grieved us if that name for which even we entertain a degree of respect and affection, had been bandied about, and become the sport of these abandoned wretches136.
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disperse
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| vi.使分散；使消失；vt.分散；驱散 | |
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confinement
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| n.幽禁，拘留，监禁；分娩；限制，局限 | |
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3
sufficiently
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| adv.足够地，充分地 | |
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4
superintendent
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| n.监督人，主管，总监；(英国)警务长 | |
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5
insurgents
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| n.起义，暴动，造反( insurgent的名词复数 ) | |
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6
congregated
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| （使）集合，聚集( congregate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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7
rascal
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| n.流氓；不诚实的人 | |
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8
rascals
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| 流氓( rascal的名词复数 )； 无赖； （开玩笑说法）淘气的人（尤指小孩）； 恶作剧的人 | |
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9
grumbled
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| 抱怨( grumble的过去式和过去分词 )； 发牢骚； 咕哝； 发哼声 | |
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10
propped
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| 支撑，支持，维持( prop的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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11
consultation
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| n.咨询；商量；商议；会议 | |
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12
scattered
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| adj.分散的，稀疏的；散步的；疏疏落落的 | |
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13
standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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14
azure
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| adj.天蓝色的，蔚蓝色的 | |
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15
upwards
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| adv.向上，在更高处...以上 | |
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16
dire
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| adj.可怕的，悲惨的，阴惨的，极端的 | |
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17
ass
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| n.驴；傻瓜，蠢笨的人 | |
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18
prey
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| n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨 | |
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19
murmur
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| n.低语，低声的怨言；v.低语，低声而言 | |
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20
hoax
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| v.欺骗，哄骗，愚弄；n.愚弄人，恶作剧 | |
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21
hubbub
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| n.嘈杂；骚乱 | |
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22
twilight
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| n.暮光，黄昏；暮年，晚期，衰落时期 | |
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23
exertions
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| n.努力( exertion的名词复数 )；费力；（能力、权力等的）运用；行使 | |
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24
deserted
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| adj.荒芜的，荒废的，无人的，被遗弃的 | |
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25
outlet
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| n.出口/路；销路；批发商店；通风口；发泄 | |
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26
agitation
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| n.搅动；搅拌；鼓动，煽动 | |
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27
conjectures
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| 推测，猜想( conjecture的名词复数 ) | |
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28
presumption
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| n.推测，可能性，冒昧，放肆，[法律]推定 | |
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29
iniquities
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| n.邪恶( iniquity的名词复数 )；极不公正 | |
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30
grievances
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| n.委屈( grievance的名词复数 )；苦衷；不满；牢骚 | |
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31
Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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32
tyrants
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| 专制统治者( tyrant的名词复数 )； 暴君似的人； （古希腊的）僭主； 严酷的事物 | |
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33
nought
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| n.／adj.无，零 | |
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34
mischief
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| n.损害，伤害，危害；恶作剧，捣蛋，胡闹 | |
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35
nay
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| adv.不；n.反对票，投反对票者 | |
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36
acting
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| n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的 | |
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37
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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38
ignoble
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| adj.不光彩的，卑鄙的；可耻的 | |
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39
knaves
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| n.恶棍，无赖( knave的名词复数 )；（纸牌中的）杰克 | |
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40
worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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41
tractable
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| adj.易驾驭的；温顺的 | |
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42
condescension
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| n.自以为高人一等，贬低(别人) | |
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43
applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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44
fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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45
indictment
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| n.起诉；诉状 | |
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46
galleys
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| n.平底大船，战舰( galley的名词复数 )；（船上或航空器上的）厨房 | |
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47
auditors
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| n.审计员，稽核员( auditor的名词复数 )；（大学课程的）旁听生 | |
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48
harangue
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| n.慷慨冗长的训话，言辞激烈的讲话 | |
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49
lodging
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| n.寄宿，住所；(大学生的)校外宿舍 | |
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50
attentive
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| adj.注意的，专心的；关心(别人)的，殷勤的 | |
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51
attentively
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| adv.聚精会神地；周到地；谛；凝神 | |
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52
dispersed
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| adj. 被驱散的, 被分散的, 散布的 | |
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53
heartily
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| adv.衷心地，诚恳地，十分，很 | |
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54
inquiry
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| n.打听，询问，调查，查问 | |
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55
garrison
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| n.卫戍部队；驻地，卫戍区；vt.派(兵)驻防 | |
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56
mattress
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| n.床垫，床褥 | |
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57
doorway
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| n.门口，(喻)入门；门路，途径 | |
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58
incognito
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| adv.匿名地；n.隐姓埋名；adj.化装的，用假名的，隐匿姓名身份的 | |
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59
latch
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| n.门闩，窗闩；弹簧锁 | |
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60
illuminated
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| adj.被照明的；受启迪的 | |
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61
intervals
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| n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 )；间隔时间；[数学]区间；（戏剧、电影或音乐会的）幕间休息 | |
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62
dice
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| n.骰子；vt.把（食物）切成小方块，冒险 | |
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63
spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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64
tumult
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| n.喧哗；激动，混乱；吵闹 | |
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65
backwards
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| adv.往回地，向原处，倒，相反，前后倒置地 | |
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66
bustle
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| v.喧扰地忙乱，匆忙，奔忙；n.忙碌；喧闹 | |
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67
sundry
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| adj.各式各样的，种种的 | |
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68
apparently
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| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
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69
tongs
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| n.钳；夹子 | |
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70
countenance
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| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
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71
flask
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| n.瓶，火药筒，砂箱 | |
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72
sonorous
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| adj.响亮的，回响的；adv.圆润低沉地；感人地；n.感人，堂皇 | |
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73
draught
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| n.拉，牵引，拖；一网（饮，吸，阵)；顿服药量，通风；v.起草，设计 | |
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74
stewed
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| adj.焦虑不安的，烂醉的v.炖( stew的过去式和过去分词 )；煨；思考；担忧 | |
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75
stew
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| n.炖汤，焖，烦恼；v.炖汤，焖，忧虑 | |
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76
providence
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| n.深谋远虑，天道，天意；远见；节约；上帝 | |
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77
exclamation
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| n.感叹号，惊呼，惊叹词 | |
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78
trophy
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| n.优胜旗，奖品，奖杯，战胜品，纪念品 | |
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79
devouring
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| 吞没( devour的现在分词 )； 耗尽； 津津有味地看； 狼吞虎咽地吃光 | |
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80
gulping
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|
| v.狼吞虎咽地吃，吞咽( gulp的现在分词 )；大口地吸（气）；哽住 | |
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81
astonishment
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| n.惊奇，惊异 | |
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82
pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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83
noose
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| n.绳套，绞索（刑）；v.用套索捉；使落入圈套；处以绞刑 | |
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84
moorish
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| adj.沼地的，荒野的，生[住]在沼地的 | |
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85
Christians
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| n.基督教徒( Christian的名词复数 ) | |
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86
knuckles
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| n.（指人）指关节( knuckle的名词复数 )；（指动物）膝关节，踝v.（指人）指关节( knuckle的第三人称单数 )；（指动物）膝关节，踝 | |
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87
approbation
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| n.称赞；认可 | |
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88
reproof
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| n.斥责，责备 | |
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89
magisterial
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| adj.威风的，有权威的；adv.威严地 | |
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90
wilt
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| v.(使)植物凋谢或枯萎；(指人)疲倦，衰弱 | |
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91
folly
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| n.愚笨，愚蠢，蠢事，蠢行，傻话 | |
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92
intruding
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| v.侵入，侵扰，打扰( intrude的现在分词)；把…强加于 | |
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93
mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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94
wielding
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| 手持着使用（武器、工具等）( wield的现在分词 )； 具有； 运用（权力）； 施加（影响） | |
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95
quills
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| n.（刺猬或豪猪的）刺( quill的名词复数 )；羽毛管；翮；纡管 | |
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96
smoothly
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| adv.平滑地，顺利地，流利地，流畅地 | |
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97
votary
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| n.崇拜者；爱好者；adj.誓约的，立誓任圣职的 | |
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98
muses
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| v.沉思，冥想( muse的第三人称单数 )；沉思自语说（某事） | |
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99
repartee
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| n.机敏的应答 | |
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100
legitimate
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| adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法 | |
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101
noted
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| adj.著名的，知名的 | |
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102
illustrate
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| v.举例说明，阐明；图解，加插图 | |
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103
battering
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| n.用坏，损坏v.连续猛击( batter的现在分词 ) | |
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104
forefinger
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| n.食指 | |
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105
touching
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| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
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106
gluttons
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| 贪食者( glutton的名词复数 )； 贪图者； 酷爱…的人； 狼獾 | |
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107
recollected
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| adj.冷静的；镇定的；被回忆起的；沉思默想的v.记起，想起( recollect的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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108
entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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109
vociferously
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| adv.喊叫地，吵闹地 | |
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110
importunity
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| n.硬要，强求 | |
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111
beckon
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| v.(以点头或打手势)向...示意，召唤 | |
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112
enunciation
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| n.清晰的发音；表明，宣言；口齿 | |
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113
peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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114
truthfulness
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| n. 符合实际 | |
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115
prosecute
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| vt.告发；进行；vi.告发，起诉，作检察官 | |
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116
motive
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| n.动机，目的；adv.发动的，运动的 | |
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117
impartiality
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| n. 公平, 无私, 不偏 | |
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118
parched
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| adj.焦干的；极渴的；v.（使）焦干 | |
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119
anonymous
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| adj.无名的；匿名的；无特色的 | |
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120
temperate
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| adj.温和的，温带的，自我克制的，不过分的 | |
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121
fumes
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| n.(强烈而刺激的)气味，气体 | |
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122
woe
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| n.悲哀，苦痛，不幸，困难；int.用来表达悲伤或惊慌 | |
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123
vividly
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| adv.清楚地，鲜明地，生动地 | |
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124
definitively
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| adv.决定性地，最后地 | |
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125
disastrous
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| adj.灾难性的，造成灾害的；极坏的，很糟的 | |
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126
requisite
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| adj.需要的，必不可少的；n.必需品 | |
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uproar
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| n.骚动，喧嚣，鼎沸 | |
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128
villain
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| n.反派演员，反面人物；恶棍；问题的起因 | |
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129
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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bent
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| n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的 | |
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eloquence
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| n.雄辩；口才，修辞 | |
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132
ridicule
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| v.讥讽，挖苦；n.嘲弄 | |
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133
remorse
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| n.痛恨，悔恨，自责 | |
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134
interrogating
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| n.询问技术v.询问( interrogate的现在分词 )；审问；（在计算机或其他机器上）查询 | |
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135
instinctive
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| adj.(出于)本能的；直觉的；(出于)天性的 | |
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wretches
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| n.不幸的人( wretch的名词复数 )；可怜的人；恶棍；坏蛋 | |
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