Such was the aspect of the times when the folds of the English banner, with the Red Cross in its field, were flung out over a company of Puritans. Their leader, the famous Endicott, was a man of stern and resolute15 countenance16, the effect of which was heightened by a grizzled beard that swept the upper portion of his breastplate. This piece of armor was so highly polished that the whole surrounding scene had its image in the glittering steel. The central object in the mirrored picture was an edifice17 of humble18 architecture with neither steeple nor bell to proclaim it — what nevertheless it was — the house of prayer. A token of the perils19 of the wilderness20 was seen in the grim head of a wolf, which had just been slain21 within the precincts of the town, and according to the regular mode of claiming the bounty22, was nailed on the porch of the meeting-house. The blood was still plashing on the doorstep. There happened to be visible, at the same noontide hour, so many other characteristics of the times and manners of the Puritans, that we must endeavor to represent them in a sketch23, though far less vividly24 than they were reflected in the polished breastplate of John Endicott.
In close vicinity to the sacred edifice appeared that important engine of Puritanic authority, the whipping-post — with the soil around it well trodden by the feet of evil doers, who had there been disciplined. At one corner of the meeting-house was the pillory25, and at the other the stocks; and, by a singular good fortune for our sketch, the head of an Episcopalian and suspected Catholic was grotesquely26 incased in the former machine while a fellow-criminal, who had boisterously27 quaffed28 a health to the king, was confined by the legs in the latter. Side by side, on the meeting-house steps, stood a male and a female figure. The man was a tall, lean, haggard personification of fanaticism29, bearing on his breast this label — A WANTON GOSPELLER — which betokened30 that he had dared to give interpretations31 of Holy Writ32 unsanctioned by the infallible judgment33 of the civil and religious rulers. His aspect showed no lack of zeal34 to maintain his heterodoxies, even at the stake. The woman wore a cleft35 stick on her tongue, in appropriate retribution for having wagged that unruly member against the elders of the church; and her countenance and gestures gave much cause to apprehend36 that, the moment the stick should be removed, a repetition of the offence would demand new ingenuity38 in chastising39 it.
The above-mentioned individuals had been sentenced to undergo their various modes of ignominy, for the space of one hour at noonday. But among the crowd were several whose punishment would be life-long; some, whose ears had been cropped, like those of puppy dogs; others, whose cheeks had been branded with the initials of their misdemeanors; one, with his nostrils40 slit41 and seared; and another, with a halter about his neck, which he was forbidden ever to take off, or to conceal42 beneath his garments. Methinks he must have been grievously tempted43 to affix44 the other end of the rope to some convenient beam or bough45. There was likewise a young woman, with no mean share of beauty, whose doom46 it was to wear the letter A on the breast of her gown, in the eyes of all the world and her own children. And even her own children knew what that initial signified. Sporting with her infamy47, the lost and desperate creature had embroidered48 the fatal token in scarlet49 cloth, with golden thread and the nicest art of needlework; so that the capital A might have been thought to mean Admirable, or anything rather than Adulteress.
Let not the reader argue, from any of these evidences of iniquity50, that the times of the Puritans were more vicious than our own, when, as we pass along the very street of this sketch, we discern no badge of infamy on man or woman. It was the policy of our ancestors to search out even the most secret sins, and expose them to shame, without fear or favor, in the broadest light of the noonday sun. Were such the custom now, perchance we might find materials for a no less piquant51 sketch than the above.
Except the malefactors whom we have described, and the diseased or infirm persons, the whole male population of the town, between sixteen years and sixty, were seen in the ranks of the trainband. A few stately savages52, in all the pomp and dignity of the primeval Indian, stood gazing at the spectacle. Their flint-headed arrows were but childish weapons compared with the matchlocks of the Puritans, and would have rattled54 harmlessly against the steel caps and hammered iron breastplates which inclosed each soldier in an individual fortress55. The valiant56 John Endicott glanced with an eye of pride at his sturdy followers57, and prepared to renew the martial toils58 of the day.
“Come, my stout59 hearts!” quoth he, drawing his sword. “Let us show these poor heathen that we can handle our weapons like men of might. Well for them, if they put us not to prove it in earnest!”
The iron-breasted company straightened their line, and each man drew the heavy butt60 of his matchlock close to his left foot, thus awaiting the orders of the captain. But, as Endicott glanced right and left along the front, he discovered a personage at some little distance with whom it behooved61 him to hold a parley62. It was an elderly gentleman, wearing a black cloak and band, and a high-crowned hat, beneath which was a velvet63 skull-cap, the whole being the garb64 of a Puritan minister. This reverend person bore a staff which seemed to have been recently cut in the forest, and his shoes were bemired as if he had been travelling on foot through the swamps of the wilderness. His aspect was perfectly65 that of a pilgrim, heightened also by an apostolic dignity. Just as Endicott perceived him he laid aside his staff, and stooped to drink at a bubbling fountain which gushed66 into the sunshine about a score of yards from the corner of the meeting-house. But, ere the good man drank, he turned his face heavenward in thankfulness, and then, holding back his gray beard with one hand, he scooped67 up his simple draught68 in the hollow of the other.
“What, ho! good Mr. Williams,” shouted Endicott. “You are welcome back again to our town of peace. How does our worthy69 Governor Winthrop? And what news from Boston?”
“The Governor hath his health, worshipful Sir,” answered Roger Williams, now resuming his staff, and drawing near. “And for the news, here is a letter, which, knowing I was to travel hitherward to-day, his Excellency committed to my charge. Belike it contains tidings of much import; for a ship arrived yesterday from England.”
Mr. Williams, the minister of Salem and of course known to all the spectators, had now reached the spot where Endicott was standing70 under the banner of his company, and put the Governor’s epistle into his hand. The broad seal was impressed with Winthrop’s coat of arms. Endicott hastily unclosed the letter and began to read, while, as his eye passed down the page, a wrathful change came over his manly72 countenance. The blood glowed through it, till it seemed to be kindling73 with an internal heat, nor was it unnatural74 to suppose that his breastplate would likewise become red-hot with the angry fire of the bosom75 which it covered. Arriving at the conclusion, he shook the letter fiercely in his hand, so that it rustled76 as loud as the flag above his head.
“Black tidings these, Mr. Williams,” said he; “blacker never came to New England. Doubtless you know their purport77?”
“Yea, truly,” replied Roger Williams; “for the Governor consulted, respecting this matter, with my brethren in the ministry at Boston; and my opinion was likewise asked. And his Excellency entreats78 you by me, that the news be not suddenly noised abroad, lest the people be stirred up unto some outbreak, and thereby79 give the King and the Archbishop a handle against us.”
“The Governor is a wise man — a wise man, and a meek80 and moderate,” said Endicott, setting his teeth grimly. “Nevertheless, I must do according to my own best judgment. There is neither man, woman, nor child in New England, but has a concern as dear as life in these tidings; and if John Endicott’s voice be loud enough, man, woman, and child shall hear them. Soldiers, wheel into a hollow square! Ho, good people! Here are news for one and all of you.”
The soldiers closed in around their captain; and he and Roger Williams stood together under the banner of the Red Cross; while the women and the aged81 men pressed forward, and the mothers held up their children to look Endicott in the face. A few taps of the drum gave signal for silence and attention.
“Fellow-soldiers — fellow-exiles,” began Endicott, speaking under strong excitement, yet powerfully restraining it, “wherefore did ye leave your native country? Wherefore, I say, have we left the green and fertile fields, the cottages, or, perchance, the old gray halls, where we were born and bred, the churchyards where our forefathers lie buried? Wherefore have we come hither to set up our own tombstones in a wilderness? A howling wilderness it is! The wolf and the bear meet us within halloo of our dwellings82. The savage53 lieth in wait for us in the dismal shadow of the woods. The stubborn roots of the trees break our ploughshares, when we would till the earth. Our children cry for bread, and we must dig in the sands of the sea-shore to satisfy them. Wherefore, I say again, have we sought this country of a rugged83 soil and wintry sky? Was it not for the enjoyment84 of our civil rights? Was it not for liberty to worship God according to our conscience?”
“Call you this liberty of conscience?” interrupted a voice on the steps of the meeting-house.
It was the Wanton Gospeller. A sad and quiet smile flitted across the mild visage of Roger Williams. But Endicott, in the excitement of the moment, shook his sword wrathfully at the culprit — an ominous85 gesture from a man like him.
“What hast thou to do with conscience, thou knave86?” cried he. “I said liberty to worship God, not license87 to profane88 and ridicule89 him. Break not in upon my speech, or I will lay thee neck and heels till this time tomorrow! Hearken to me, friends, nor heed90 that accursed rhapsodist. As I was saying, we have sacrificed all things, and have come to a land whereof the old world hath scarcely heard, that we might make a new world unto ourselves, and painfully seek a path from hence to heaven. But what think ye now? This son of a Scotch91 tyrant92 — this grandson of a Papistical and adulterous Scotch woman, whose death proved that a golden crown doth not always save an anointed head from the block —”
“Nay, brother, nay,” interposed Mr. Williams; “thy words are not meet for a secret chamber93, far less for a public street.”
“Hold thy peace, Roger Williams!” answered Endicott, imperiously. “My spirit is wiser than thine for the business now in hand. I tell ye, fellow-exiles, that Charles of England, and Laud, our bitterest persecutor94, arch-priest of Canterbury, are resolute to pursue us even hither. They are taking counsel, saith this letter, to send over a governor-general, in whose breast shall be deposited all the law and equity95 of the land. They are minded, also, to establish the idolatrous forms of English Episcopacy; so that, when Laud shall kiss the Pope’s toe, as cardinal96 of Rome, he may deliver New England, bound hand and foot, into the power of his master!
A deep groan97 from the auditors98 — a sound of wrath71, as well as fear and sorrow — responded to this intelligence.
“Look ye to it, brethren,” resumed Endicott, with increasing energy. “If this king and this arch-prelate have their will, we shall briefly99 behold100 a cross on the spire101 of this tabernacle which we have builded, and a high altar within its walls, with wax tapers102 burning round it at noonday. We shall hear the sacring bell, and the voices of the Romish priests saying the mass. But think ye, Christian103 men, that these abominations may be suffered without a sword drawn104? without a shot fired? without blood spilt, yea, on the very stairs of the pulpit? No — be ye strong of hand and stout of heart! Here we stand on our own soil, which we have bought with our goods, which we have won with our swords, which we have cleared with our axes, which we have tilled with the sweat of our brows, which we have sanctified with our prayers to the God that brought us hither! Who shall enslave us here? What have we to do with this mitred prelate — with this crowned king? What have we to do with England?”
Endicott gazed round at the excited countenances105 of the people, now full of his own spirit, and then turned suddenly to the standard-bearer, who stood close behind him.
“Officer, lower your banner!” said he.
The officer obeyed; and, brandishing106 his sword, Endicott thrust it through the cloth, and, with his left hand, rent the Red Cross completely out of the banner. He then waved the tattered107 ensign above his head.
“Sacrilegious wretch108!” cried the high-churchman in the pillory, unable longer to restrain himself, “thou hast rejected the symbol of our holy religion!”
“Treason, treason!” roared the royalist in the stocks. “He hath defaced the King’s banner!”
“Before God and man, I will avouch109 the deed,” answered Endicott. “Beat a flourish, drummer! — shout, soldiers and people! — in honor of the ensign of New England. Neither Pope nor Tyrant hath part in it now!”
With a cry of triumph, the people gave their sanction to one of the boldest exploits which our history records. And forever honored be the name of Endicott! We look back through the mist of ages, and recognize in the rending110 of the Red Cross from New England’s banner the first omen37 of that deliverance which our fathers consummated111 after the bones of the stern Puritan had lain more than a century in the dust.
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1
mustered
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| v.集合，召集，集结（尤指部队）( muster的过去式和过去分词 )；（自他人处）搜集某事物；聚集；激发 | |
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martial
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| adj.战争的，军事的，尚武的，威武的 | |
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3
buckle
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| n.扣子，带扣；v.把...扣住，由于压力而弯曲 | |
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4
prospects
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| n.希望，前途(恒为复数) | |
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5
dismal
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| adj.阴沉的，凄凉的，令人忧郁的，差劲的 | |
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ministry
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| n.(政府的)部；牧师 | |
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opposition
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| n.反对，敌对 | |
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injustice
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| n.非正义，不公正，不公平，侵犯（别人的）权利 | |
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bigoted
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| adj.固执己见的，心胸狭窄的 | |
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haughty
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| adj.傲慢的，高傲的 | |
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primate
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| n.灵长类（目）动物，首席主教；adj.首要的 | |
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laud
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| n.颂歌；v.赞美 | |
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wrought
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| v.引起；以…原料制作；运转；adj.制造的 | |
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14
forefathers
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| n.祖先，先人；祖先，祖宗( forefather的名词复数 )；列祖列宗；前人 | |
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15
resolute
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| adj.坚决的，果敢的 | |
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countenance
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| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
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edifice
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| n.宏伟的建筑物(如宫殿，教室) | |
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humble
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| adj.谦卑的，恭顺的；地位低下的；v.降低，贬低 | |
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perils
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| 极大危险( peril的名词复数 )； 危险的事（或环境） | |
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20
wilderness
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| n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠 | |
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slain
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| 杀死，宰杀，杀戮( slay的过去分词 )； (slay的过去分词) | |
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bounty
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| n.慷慨的赠予物，奖金；慷慨，大方；施与 | |
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sketch
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| n.草图；梗概；素描；v.素描；概述 | |
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24
vividly
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| adv.清楚地，鲜明地，生动地 | |
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pillory
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| n.嘲弄；v.使受公众嘲笑；将…示众 | |
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grotesquely
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| adv. 奇异地,荒诞地 | |
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boisterously
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| adv.喧闹地，吵闹地 | |
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28
quaffed
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| v.痛饮( quaff的过去式和过去分词 )；畅饮；大口大口将…喝干；一饮而尽 | |
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fanaticism
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| n.狂热，盲信 | |
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betokened
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| v.预示，表示( betoken的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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interpretations
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| n.解释( interpretation的名词复数 )；表演；演绎；理解 | |
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writ
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| n.命令状，书面命令 | |
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judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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zeal
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| n.热心，热情，热忱 | |
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cleft
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| n.裂缝；adj.裂开的 | |
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apprehend
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| vt.理解，领悟，逮捕，拘捕，忧虑 | |
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omen
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| n.征兆，预兆；vt.预示 | |
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ingenuity
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| n.别出心裁；善于发明创造 | |
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chastising
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| v.严惩（某人）（尤指责打）( chastise的现在分词 ) | |
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40
nostrils
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| 鼻孔( nostril的名词复数 ) | |
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slit
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| n.狭长的切口；裂缝；vt.切开，撕裂 | |
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conceal
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| v.隐藏，隐瞒，隐蔽 | |
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43
tempted
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| v.怂恿（某人）干不正当的事；冒…的险（tempt的过去分词） | |
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44
affix
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| n.附件，附录 vt.附贴，盖(章)，签署 | |
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45
bough
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| n.大树枝，主枝 | |
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46
doom
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| n.厄运，劫数；v.注定，命定 | |
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47
infamy
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| n.声名狼藉，出丑，恶行 | |
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48
embroidered
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| adj．绣花的 | |
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49
scarlet
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| n.深红色，绯红色，红衣；adj.绯红色的 | |
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50
iniquity
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| n.邪恶；不公正 | |
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51
piquant
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| adj.辛辣的，开胃的，令人兴奋的 | |
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52
savages
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| 未开化的人，野蛮人( savage的名词复数 ) | |
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53
savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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54
rattled
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| 慌乱的，恼火的 | |
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55
fortress
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| n.堡垒，防御工事 | |
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56
valiant
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| adj.勇敢的，英勇的；n.勇士，勇敢的人 | |
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57
followers
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| 追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件 | |
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58
toils
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| 网 | |
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60
butt
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| n.笑柄；烟蒂；枪托；臀部；v.用头撞或顶 | |
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61
behooved
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| v.适宜( behoove的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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62
parley
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| n.谈判 | |
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63
velvet
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| n.丝绒，天鹅绒；adj.丝绒制的，柔软的 | |
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garb
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| n.服装，装束 | |
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perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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gushed
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| v.喷，涌( gush的过去式和过去分词 )；滔滔不绝地说话 | |
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scooped
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| v.抢先报道( scoop的过去式和过去分词 )；（敏捷地）抱起；抢先获得；用铲[勺]等挖（洞等） | |
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68
draught
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| n.拉，牵引，拖；一网（饮，吸，阵)；顿服药量，通风；v.起草，设计 | |
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69
worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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70
standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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71
wrath
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| n.愤怒，愤慨，暴怒 | |
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72
manly
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| adj.有男子气概的；adv.男子般地，果断地 | |
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73
kindling
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| n. 点火, 可燃物 动词kindle的现在分词形式 | |
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unnatural
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| adj.不自然的；反常的 | |
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75
bosom
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| n.胸，胸部；胸怀；内心；adj.亲密的 | |
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76
rustled
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| v.发出沙沙的声音( rustle的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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purport
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| n.意义，要旨，大要；v.意味著，做为...要旨，要领是... | |
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entreats
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| 恳求，乞求( entreat的第三人称单数 ) | |
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thereby
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| adv.因此，从而 | |
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80
meek
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| adj.温顺的，逆来顺受的 | |
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aged
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| adj.年老的，陈年的 | |
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82
dwellings
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| n.住处，处所( dwelling的名词复数 ) | |
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rugged
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| adj.高低不平的，粗糙的，粗壮的，强健的 | |
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enjoyment
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| n.乐趣；享有；享用 | |
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85
ominous
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| adj.不祥的，不吉的，预兆的，预示的 | |
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86
knave
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| n.流氓；（纸牌中的）杰克 | |
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87
license
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| n.执照，许可证，特许；v.许可，特许 | |
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profane
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| adj.亵神的，亵渎的；vt.亵渎，玷污 | |
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ridicule
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| v.讥讽，挖苦；n.嘲弄 | |
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heed
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| v.注意，留意；n.注意，留心 | |
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scotch
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| n.伤口，刻痕；苏格兰威士忌酒；v.粉碎，消灭，阻止；adj.苏格兰(人)的 | |
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tyrant
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| n.暴君，专制的君主，残暴的人 | |
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chamber
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| n.房间，寝室；会议厅；议院；会所 | |
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persecutor
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| n. 迫害者 | |
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equity
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| n.公正，公平，（无固定利息的）股票 | |
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cardinal
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| n.(天主教的)红衣主教；adj.首要的，基本的 | |
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groan
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| vi./n.呻吟，抱怨；(发出)呻吟般的声音 | |
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auditors
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| n.审计员，稽核员( auditor的名词复数 )；（大学课程的）旁听生 | |
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briefly
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| adv.简单地，简短地 | |
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100
behold
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| v.看，注视，看到 | |
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101
spire
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| n.(教堂)尖顶，尖塔，高点 | |
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102
tapers
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| （长形物体的）逐渐变窄( taper的名词复数 )； 微弱的光； 极细的蜡烛 | |
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103
Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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104
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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105
countenances
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| n.面容( countenance的名词复数 )；表情；镇静；道义支持 | |
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106
brandishing
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| v.挥舞( brandish的现在分词 )；炫耀 | |
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107
tattered
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| adj.破旧的，衣衫破的 | |
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108
wretch
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| n.可怜的人，不幸的人；卑鄙的人 | |
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109
avouch
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| v.确说，断言 | |
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110
rending
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| v.撕碎( rend的现在分词 )；分裂；（因愤怒、痛苦等而）揪扯（衣服或头发等）；（声音等）刺破 | |
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consummated
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| v.使结束( consummate的过去式和过去分词 )；使完美；完婚；（婚礼后的）圆房 | |
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