Again in old quarters! It is strange how we become attached to a place, be it what it may, if we only have known it before. The same old room we occupied years ago, however comfortless then, has a familiar air of welcome now. There is surely some little trace of self, some unseen spider-thread of attachment1 clinging to the walls, the old chair, the forlorn wash-stand, and the knobby four-poster, that holds the hardest of beds, the most consumptive of pillows, and a bolster2 as round, as white, and as hard, as a cathedral mass-candle. Heigho, Hotel Waverley! Here am I again; but where are the familiar faces? Where the brave soldier of Inkerman and Balaklava? Where the jolly old Captain of the native rifles? Where the Colonel, with his little meerschaum pipe he was so intent upon coloring? Where the party of salmon-fishermen, the Solomons of piscatology? Where the passengers by the "Canada?"[Pg 238] And where is Picton? Gone, like last year's birds!
"A glass of ale, Henry, and one cigar, only one; I wish to be solitary3."
I like this bed-room of mine at the Waverley, with its blue and white striped curtain at the window, through which the gas-lights of Halifax streets appear in lucid4 spots, as I wait for Henry, with the candles. Now I am no longer alone. I shut my chamber5 door, as it were, upon one world, only that I may enjoy another. So I trim the candles, and spread out the writing materials, and at once the characters of two centuries ago awake, and their life to me is as the life of to-day.
There is nothing more captivating in literature, than the narrative6 of some heroic deed of woman. Very few such are recorded; how many might be, if the actors themselves had not shunned7 notoriety, and "uncommended died," rather than encounter the ordeal8 of public praise? Of such the poet has written:
"Full many a flower is born to blush unseen,
And waste its sweetness on the desert air."
Of such, many have lived and died, to live again only in fiction; whereas their own true histories would have been greater than the inventions of authors. We read of heroes laden9 with the "glit[Pg 239]tering spoils of empire," but the heroic deeds of woman are oftentimes, all in all, as great, without the glitter; without the pomp and pageantry of triumphal processions; without the pealing10 trumpet11 of renown12. Boadicea, chained to the car of Suetonius, is the too common memorial of heroic womanity.
The story I relate is but a transcript13, a mere14 episode in the sad history of Acadia: yet the record will be pleasing to those who estimate the merits of brave women. This, then, is the legend of
MARIE DE LA TOUR.
In the year 1621, Sir William Alexander, afterwards Earl of Sterling15,[B] a romantic poet, and favorite of King James I., was presented by that monarch16 with a patent to all the land known as Acadia, in the Americas. Royalty17 in those days made out its parchment deeds for a province, without taking the trouble to search the record office, to see if there were any prior liens18 upon the territory. The good old rule obtained thus—
"That they may take who have the power,
And they may keep who can."
[Pg 240]or, to quote the words of another writer—
"For the time once was here, to all be it known,
That all a man sailed by or saw was his own."
It is due to Sir William Alexander to say that he gave the province the proud name which at present it enjoys, of Nova Scotia, or New Scotland, a title much more appropriate than that of "Acadia,"[C] which to us means nothing.
At this time the French Colony was slowly recovering from the effects of the Argall expedition, that eight years before had laid waste its fair possessions. Among a number of emigrants19 from the Loire and the Seine, two gentlemen of birth and education, La Tour by name, father and son, set out to seek their fortunes in the New World. It must be remembered that in the original patent of Acadia, given by Henry IV. to De Monts, freedom of religious opinion was one of the conditions of the grant, and therefore the fact, that both the La Tours were Huguenots, did not prevent them holding commissions under the French crown, the father having in charge a small fleet of transports then ready to sail from the harbor of Brest; the son,[Pg 241] being the commander of a fort and garrison20 at Cape21 Sable22, upon the western end of Acadia.
Affairs being in this condition, it chanced that the English and French ships set sail for the same port, at about the same time; and it so happened that Sir William Alexander's fleet running afoul of the elder La Tour's in a fog, not only captured that gallant23 chieftain but also his transports, munitions24 of war, stores, artillery25, etc. etc., and sailed back with the prizes to England. I beg you to observe, my dear reader, that occurrences of this kind were common enough at this period even in times of peace, and not considered piracy26 either, the ocean was looked upon as a mighty27 chessboard, and the game was won by those who could command the greatest number of pieces.
Claude de la Tour, not as a prisoner of war, but as an enforced guest of Sir William, was carried to London; and there robbed of his goods, but treated like a gentleman; introduced at Court, although deprived of his purse and liberty, and in a word, found himself surrounded with the most hostile and hospitable28 conditions possible in life. It is not surprising then that with true French philosophy he should have made the best of it; gained the good will of the queen, played off a little badinage29 with the ladies of the court, and forgetting the late Lady[Pg 242] de la Tour, asleep in the old graveyard30 in the city of Rochelle, essayed to wear his widower31 weeds with that union of grace and sentiment for which his countrymen are so celebrated32. The consequence was one of her majesty's maids of honor fell in love with him; the queen encouraged the match; the king had just instituted the new order of Knights33 Baronet, of Nova Scotia; La Tour, now in the way of good fortune, was the first to be honored with the novel title, and at the same time placed the matrimonial ring upon the finger of the love-sick maid of honor. Indeed Charles Etienne de la Tour, commandant of the little fort at Cape Sable, had scarcely lost a father, before he had gained a step-mother.
That the French widower should have been so captivated by these marks of royal favor as to lose his discretion35, in the fullness of his gratitude36; and, that after receiving a grant of land from his patron, as a further incentive37, he should volunteer to assist in bringing Acadia under the British Crown, and as a primary step, undertake to reduce the Fort at Cape Sable; I say, that when I state this, nobody will be surprised, except a chosen few, who cherish some old-fashioned notions, in these days more romantic than real. "Two ships of war being placed under his command," he set sail, with[Pg 243] his guns and a Step-mother, to attack the Fort at Cape Sable. The latter was but poorly garrisoned38; but then it contained a Daughter-in-law! Under such circumstances, it was plain to be seen that the contest would be continued to the last ounce of powder.
Opening the trenches39 before the French fort, and parading his Scotch40 troops in the eyes of his son, the elder La Tour attempted to capture the garrison by argument. In vain he "boasted of the reception he had met with in England, of his interest at court, and the honor of knighthood which had been conferred upon him." In vain he represented "the advantages that would result from submission," the benefits of British patronage41; and paraded before the eyes of the young commander the parchment grant, the seal, the royal autograph, and the glittering title of Knight34 Baronet, which had inspired his perfidy42. His son, shocked and indignant, declined the proffered43 honors and emoluments44 that were only to be gained by an act of treason; and intimated his intention "to defend the Fort with his life, sooner than deliver it up to the enemies of his country." The father used the most earnest entreaties45, the most touching46 and parental47 arguments. Charles Etienne was proof against these. The Baronet alluded48 to the large force[Pg 244] under his command, and deplored49 the necessity of making an assault, in case his propositions were rejected. Charles Etienne only doubled his sentinels, and stood more firmly intrenched upon his honor. Then the elder La Tour ordered an assault. For two days the storm continued; sometimes the Mother-in-law led the Scotch soldiers to the breach50, but the French soldiers, under the Daughter-in-law, drove them back with such bitter fury, that of the assailants it was hard to say which numbered most, the living or the dead. At last, La Tour the elder abandoned the siege; and "ashamed to appear in England, afraid to appear in France," accepted the humiliating alternative of requesting an asylum51 from his son. Permission to reside in the neighborhood was granted by Charles Etienne. The Scotch troops were re?mbarked for England; and the younger and the elder Mrs. de la Tour smiled at each other grimly from the plain and from the parapet. Further than this there was no intercourse52 between the families. Whenever Marie de la Tour sent the baby to grandmother, it went with a troop of cavalry53 and a flag of truce54; and whenever Lady de la Tour left her card at the gate, the drums beat, and the guard turned out with fixed55 bayonets.
Such discipline had prepared Marie de la Tour[Pg 245] for the heroic part which afterwards raised her to the historical position she occupies in the chronicles of Acadia. I have had occasion to speak of freedom of opinion existing in this Province—but for the invasion of English and Scotch filibusters56, this absolute liberty of faith would have produced the happiest fruits in the new colonies. But unfortunately in a weak and newly-settled country, union in all things is an indispensable condition of existence. This very liberty of opinion, in a great measure disintegrated57 the early French settlements, and separated a people which otherwise might have encountered successfully its rapacious58 enemies.
At this time the French Governor of Acadia, Razillia, died. Charles Etienne la Tour as a subordinate officer, had full command of the eastern part of the province, as the Chevalier d'Aulney de Charnisé, had of the western portion, extending as far as the Penobscot. As for the Sterling patent, Sir William, finding it of little value, had sold it to the elder La Tour, but the defeated adventurer of Cape Sable by the treaty of St. Germains in 1632, was stripped of his new possessions by King Charles I., who conveyed the whole of the territory again to Louis XIII. of France. Thus it will be seen, that two claimants only were in possession of Acadia; namely, the younger La Tour and[Pg 246] D'Aulney. The elder La Tour now retires from the scene, goes to England with his wife, and is heard of no more.
Between the rival commanders in Acadia, there were certain points of resemblance—both were youthful, both were brave, enterprising and ambitious, both the happy husbands of proud and beautiful wives. Otherwise La Tour was a Huguenot and D'Aulney a Catholic—thus it will be seen that the latter had the most favor at the French court, while the former could more securely count upon the friendship of the English of Massachusetts Bay—no inconsiderable allies as affairs then stood. Under such circumstances, it is not to be wondered at that there was a constant feud59 between the two young officers, and their young wives. The chronicles of the Pilgrims, the records of Bradford, Winthrop, Mather, and Hutchinson, are full of the exploits of these pugnacious60 heroes. At one time La Tour appears in person at Boston, to beat up recruits, as more than two hundred years after, another power attempted to raise a foreign legion, and, although the pilgrim fathers do not officially sanction the proceeding61, yet they connive62 at it, and quote Scripture63 to warrant them. Close upon this follows a protest of D'Aulney, and with it the exhibition of a warrant from the French[Pg 247] king for the arrest of La Tour. Upon this there is a meeting of the council and a treaty, offensive and defensive64, made with D'Aulney.
Meanwhile, Marie de la Tour arrived at Boston from England, where she had been on a visit to her mother-in-law. The captain of the vessel65 upon which she had re?mbarked for the new world, having carried her to this city instead of to the river St. John, according to the letter of the charter, was promptly66 served with a summons by that lady to appear before the magistrates67 to show cause why he did it; and the consequence was, madame recovered damages to the amount of two thousand pounds in the Marine68 Court of the Modern Athens. With this sum in her pocket, she chartered a vessel for the river St. John, and arrived at a small fort belonging to her husband, on its banks, just in time to defend it against D'Aulney, who had rallied his forces for an attack upon it, during the absence of Charles Etienne.
Marie de la Tour at this time was one of the most beautiful women in the new world. She was not less than twenty, nor more than thirty years of age; her features had a charm beyond the limits of the regular; her eyes were expressive69; her mouth intellectual; her complexion70 brown and clear, could pale or flush with emotions either tender or[Pg 248] indignant. Before such a commandress D'Aulney de Charnisé set down his forces in the year 1644.
The garrison was small—the brave Charles Etienne absent in a distant part of the province. But the unconquerable spirit of the woman prevailed over these disadvantages. At the first attack by D'Aulney, the guns of the fort were directed with such consummate71 skill that every shot told. The besieger72, with twenty killed and thirteen wounded, was only too happy to warp73 his frigate74 out of the leach75 of this lovely lady's artillery, and retire to Penobscot to refit for further operations. Again D'Aulney sailed up the St. John, with the intention of taking the place by assault. By land as by water, his forces were repulsed76 with great slaughter77. A host of Catholic soldiers fell before a handful of Protestant guns, which was not surprising, as the cannon78 were well pointed79, and loaded with grape and canister. For three days the French officer carried on the attack, and then again retreated. On the fourth day a Swiss hireling deserted80 to the enemy and betrayed the weakness of the garrison. D'Aulney, now confident of success, determined81 to take the fort by storm; but as he mounted the wall, the lovely La Tour, at the head of her little garrison, met the besiegers with such determined bravery, that again they were repulsed. That evening[Pg 249] D'Aulney hung the traitorous82 Swiss, and proposed honorable terms, if the brave commandress would surrender. To these terms Marie assented83, in the vain hope of saving the lives of the brave men who had survived; the remnants of her little garrison. But the perfidious84 D'Aulney, who, from the vigorous defence of the fort, had supposed the number of soldiers to have been greater, instead of feeling that admiration85 which brave men always experience when acts of valor86 are presented by an enemy, lost himself in an abyss of chagrin87, to find he had been thrice defeated by a garrison so contemptible88 in numbers, and led by a female. To his eternal infamy89 let it be recorded, that pretending to have been deceived by the terms of capitulation, D'Aulney hanged the brave survivors90 of the garrison, and even had the baseness and cruelty to parade Madame de la Tour herself on the same scaffold, with the ignominious91 cord around her neck, as a reprieved92 criminal.
To quote the words of the chronicler: "The violent and unusual exertions93 which Madame la Tour had made, the dreadful fate of her household and followers94, and the total wreck95 of his fortune, had such an effect that she died soon after this event."
So perished the beautiful, the brave, the faithful,[Pg 250] the unfortunate! Shall I add that her besieger, D'Aulney, died soon after, leaving a bereaved96 but blooming widow? That Charles Etienne la Tour, to prevent further difficulties in the province, laid siege to that sad and sympathizing lady, not with flag and drum, shot and shell, but with the more effectual artillery of love? That Madame D'Aulney finally surrendered, and that Charles Etienne was wont97 to say to her, after the wedding: "Beloved, your husband and my wife have had their pitched battle, but let us live in peace for the rest of our days, my dear."
Quaint98, old, mouldy Halifax seems more attractive after re-writing this portion of its early history. The defence of that little fort, with its slender garrison, by Madame la Tour, against the perfidious Charnisé, brings to mind other instances of female heroism99, peculiar100 to the French people. It recalls the achievements of Joan of Arc, and Charlotte Corday. Not less, than these, in the scale of intrepid101 valor, are those of Marie de la Tour.
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1
attachment
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| n.附属物，附件；依恋；依附 | |
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bolster
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| n.枕垫；v.支持，鼓励 | |
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solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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lucid
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| adj.明白易懂的，清晰的，头脑清楚的 | |
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chamber
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| n.房间，寝室；会议厅；议院；会所 | |
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narrative
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| n.叙述，故事；adj.叙事的，故事体的 | |
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shunned
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| v.避开，回避，避免( shun的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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ordeal
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laden
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pealing
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| v.（使）（钟等）鸣响，（雷等）发出隆隆声( peal的现在分词 ) | |
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trumpet
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| n.喇叭，喇叭声；v.吹喇叭，吹嘘 | |
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renown
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| n.声誉，名望 | |
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transcript
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| n.抄本，誊本，副本，肄业证书 | |
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mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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sterling
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| adj.英币的(纯粹的，货真价实的)；n.英国货币(英镑) | |
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monarch
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| n.帝王，君主，最高统治者 | |
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royalty
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| n.皇家，皇族 | |
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liens
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| n.留置权，扣押权( lien的名词复数 ) | |
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emigrants
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| n.（从本国移往他国的）移民( emigrant的名词复数 ) | |
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garrison
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| n.卫戍部队；驻地，卫戍区；vt.派(兵)驻防 | |
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cape
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| n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风 | |
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sable
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| n.黑貂；adj.黑色的 | |
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gallant
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| adj.英勇的，豪侠的；(向女人)献殷勤的 | |
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munitions
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| n.军火，弹药；v.供应…军需品 | |
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artillery
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| n.(军)火炮，大炮；炮兵(部队) | |
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piracy
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| n.海盗行为，剽窃，著作权侵害 | |
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mighty
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| adj.强有力的；巨大的 | |
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hospitable
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| adj.好客的；宽容的；有利的，适宜的 | |
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badinage
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| n.开玩笑，打趣 | |
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graveyard
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widower
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| n.鳏夫 | |
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celebrated
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knights
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| 骑士； （中古时代的）武士( knight的名词复数 )； 骑士； 爵士； （国际象棋中）马 | |
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knight
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| n.骑士，武士；爵士 | |
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discretion
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| n.谨慎；随意处理 | |
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gratitude
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| adj.感激，感谢 | |
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incentive
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| n.刺激；动力；鼓励；诱因；动机 | |
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garrisoned
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| 卫戍部队守备( garrison的过去式和过去分词 )； 派部队驻防 | |
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trenches
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| 深沟，地沟( trench的名词复数 )； 战壕 | |
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scotch
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| n.伤口，刻痕；苏格兰威士忌酒；v.粉碎，消灭，阻止；adj.苏格兰(人)的 | |
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patronage
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| n.赞助，支援，援助；光顾，捧场 | |
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perfidy
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| n.背信弃义，不忠贞 | |
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proffered
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| v.提供，贡献，提出( proffer的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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emoluments
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| n.报酬，薪水( emolument的名词复数 ) | |
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entreaties
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| n.恳求，乞求( entreaty的名词复数 ) | |
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touching
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| adj.动人的，使人感伤的 | |
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parental
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| adj.父母的；父的；母的 | |
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alluded
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| 提及，暗指( allude的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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deplored
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| v.悲叹，痛惜，强烈反对( deplore的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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breach
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| n.违反，不履行；破裂；vt.冲破，攻破 | |
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asylum
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| n.避难所，庇护所，避难 | |
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intercourse
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| n.性交；交流，交往，交际 | |
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cavalry
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| n.骑兵；轻装甲部队 | |
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truce
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| n.休战，(争执，烦恼等的)缓和；v.以停战结束 | |
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fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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filibusters
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| n.掠夺兵( filibuster的名词复数 )；暴兵；（用冗长的发言）阻挠议事的议员；会议妨碍行为v.阻碍或延宕国会或其他立法机构通过提案( filibuster的第三人称单数 )；掠夺 | |
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disintegrated
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| v.（使）破裂[分裂，粉碎]，（使）崩溃( disintegrate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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rapacious
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| adj.贪婪的，强夺的 | |
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feud
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| n.长期不和；世仇；v.长期争斗；世代结仇 | |
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pugnacious
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| adj.好斗的 | |
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proceeding
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| n.行动，进行，(pl.)会议录，学报 | |
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connive
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| v.纵容；密谋 | |
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scripture
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| n.经文，圣书，手稿；Scripture:(常用复数)《圣经》，《圣经》中的一段 | |
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defensive
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| adj.防御的；防卫的；防守的 | |
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65
vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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promptly
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| adv.及时地，敏捷地 | |
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magistrates
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| 地方法官，治安官( magistrate的名词复数 ) | |
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marine
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| adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵 | |
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expressive
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| adj.表现的，表达…的，富于表情的 | |
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complexion
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| n.肤色；情况，局面；气质，性格 | |
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consummate
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| adj.完美的；v.成婚；使完美 [反]baffle | |
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besieger
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| n. 围攻者, 围攻军 | |
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warp
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| vt.弄歪，使翘曲，使不正常，歪曲，使有偏见 | |
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frigate
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| n.护航舰，大型驱逐舰 | |
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leach
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| v.分离，过滤掉；n.过滤；过滤器 | |
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repulsed
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| v.击退( repulse的过去式和过去分词 )；驳斥；拒绝 | |
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slaughter
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| n.屠杀，屠宰；vt.屠杀，宰杀 | |
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cannon
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| n.大炮，火炮；飞机上的机关炮 | |
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pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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deserted
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| adj.荒芜的，荒废的，无人的，被遗弃的 | |
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determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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82
traitorous
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| adj. 叛国的, 不忠的, 背信弃义的 | |
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83
assented
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| 同意，赞成( assent的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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perfidious
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| adj.不忠的，背信弃义的 | |
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85
admiration
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| n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕 | |
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valor
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| n.勇气，英勇 | |
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chagrin
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| n.懊恼；气愤；委屈 | |
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contemptible
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| adj.可鄙的，可轻视的，卑劣的 | |
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infamy
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| n.声名狼藉，出丑，恶行 | |
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survivors
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| 幸存者，残存者，生还者( survivor的名词复数 ) | |
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ignominious
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| adj.可鄙的，不光彩的，耻辱的 | |
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reprieved
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| v.缓期执行（死刑）( reprieve的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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exertions
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| n.努力( exertion的名词复数 )；费力；（能力、权力等的）运用；行使 | |
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followers
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| 追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件 | |
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wreck
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| n.失事，遇难；沉船；vt.(船等)失事，遇难 | |
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bereaved
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| adj.刚刚丧失亲人的v.使失去（希望、生命等）( bereave的过去式和过去分词)；（尤指死亡）使丧失（亲人、朋友等）；使孤寂；抢走（财物） | |
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wont
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| adj.习惯于；v.习惯；n.习惯 | |
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98
quaint
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| adj.古雅的，离奇有趣的，奇怪的 | |
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heroism
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| n.大无畏精神，英勇 | |
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100
peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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101
intrepid
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| adj.无畏的，刚毅的 | |
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