Pea soup à la Proteus,
Scalloped oysters7 à la Eastern Shore,
Deviled crabs8 à la Chesapeake,
Musk-ox à la Franklin Bay,
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Potatoes à l’Irlandaise,
Macaroni à l’Italienne,
Rice and curry9 à la Pacific Mail,
Blanc-mange, fruits, nuts, cake, ice-cream, and black coffee.
Lieutenant Greely kindly10 added, from private stores, some very good California port wine. Lockwood’s reflections, however, carried him to his distant home, and he longed to know that all there were well—that his dear parents and sisters were happy as when he was with them! Perhaps, even at that hour, their thoughts and words were of him. On this day, as frequently on his sledging11 journeys, he pictured to himself the family circle in the far-off home. The cold, fatigue, and monotony attending him and his companions were rendered endurable by thus breaking away from the present.
On the morning of the 10th of October, Lockwood started on a trip with Jewell across Lady Franklin Bay for Cape12 Baird. Had no difficulty for a mile or two beyond Dutch Island, but mist and fog then obscuring their way and blotting13 out the landscape, they kept on their course by compass. Soon they encountered heavy snow-drifts and many floe14-bergs and fields of rubble-ice, all unfavorable for sledging. Fortunately, they had only themselves to transport. Though the weather was cold, they soon found themselves oppressively warm from the labor15 attending the journey. Profiting by past experience, Lockwood had this time come out warmly dressed—viz., with two flannel16 shirts, a woolen17 jersey18, an under-shirt of light buckskin, 113 heavy woolen drawers, a seal-skin over-all, and two pairs of socks under light buckskin moccasins. He then became convinced, that it was quite as great a mistake to wear too much as too little clothing. Even when they could ride on the sledge19, which was not often, there were numerous bad places where they had to run with the dogs and lift the sledge over obstacles. Trying to avoid the moving ice, they struck too far westward20, so that when they approached land they found themselves some two miles within the cape for which they had started. Stopping only to take a bite of crackers21 and meat, they started to retrace22 their steps, but not before daylight had left them, and they had only the moon to show them the way. After some time they thought to reduce the distance by taking what they supposed was a short cut, but soon found themselves scrambling23 over hummocky24 ice of the most formidable character. They regained25 their track, but not till overcome by thirst and fatigue. Resting at short intervals26, they finally came in sight of Dutch Island, and soon afterward27 were gladdened by the sound of distant shouts. Dr. Pavy and Sergeants28 Brainard and Connell had come out to meet them, and not empty-handed, for they bore a bag of hot coffee, and never did coffee taste more delicious. Though the mercury was nearly nine degrees below zero, when they reached the house everything they had on was as wet as if they had fallen overboard.
The result of that reconnaissance was that they decided30 to establish a “depot31” near Cape Baird, which 114 labor was duly carried out by Lockwood, Ellis, Saler, and Bender. The weather being open, they started directly for Cape Baird, but, finding that route impracticable, inclined westward and got into their old track. After much delay and great labor, they reached a point on the farther side, where they found it necessary to encamp for the night. The tent was pitched, chocolate boiled, and beans thawed32 out, after which they crawled into their sleeping-bags, trying to forget, if possible, that the thermometer stood at -24° without. Resuming their journey, but now with the discomfort33 of wind added to intense cold, they made their way ashore34, established the depot of provisions, and with lightened sledges35 and hearts retraced36 their steps. Noses were frozen during the day, and only restored by friction37, which made them raw and uncomfortable. Very soon after starting back, twilight38 disappeared, and they had only the moon to light them on their way. Passing the resting-place of the previous night, they concluded to make the journey to the house without stopping. They stumbled on in the dark, a used-up party, Lockwood having a sprained39 tendon Achilles, and also a lame40 back. The air becoming calm, they were enabled to stop sometimes and rest, which they could not have safely done in their perspiring41 condition had the wind been blowing. When near Dutch Island, Dr. Pavy and Lieutenant Kislingbury met them with hot coffee, which so much refreshed them that the rest of the journey seemed easy, although it was probable that Lockwood’s raw red nose, frosted 115 toes, lame back, and tender heel, would be reminders42 of this trip for a long time.
On the 16th of October the sun disappeared, to rise no more until February. With the mercury ranging from -28° to -40°, Lockwood amused himself by scraping off the accumulated condensation43 of moisture from the room on the window-panes near his corner, the ice being one inch thick.
About this time Lockwood took up a course of Arctic literature, with which they were liberally supplied. This was chiefly in view of his sledge-journey in the coming spring. Feeling the need of exercise, he left the station on the 23d for Depot “B,” Cape Beechy, with Brainard, Connell, and the Esquimaux Frederick, and a sledge with eight dogs. At Depot “A” they took on a small stove and a bag of coal from the mines, and thereby44 the tent at Depot “B” became more comfortable than anything they had experienced away from the station; notwithstanding, they had a comfortless night, as the crowded condition of the tent compelled some of them to lie so near the stove as to endanger their safety. Lockwood woke up to find a large hole burned in his blanket. Afterward, the fire going out, they suffered more than when they had had no fire at all. They erected46 a snow-house for a depot here, forming the sides of tough blocks of compact snow, and covering it with the boat-sail supported by oars47, and, by imitating the natives in some particulars, had a house impervious48 to cold.
While there, Lockwood, with Brainard, ascended49 116 Mount Bufort, near at hand, and had an uninterrupted view of the straits as far down as Cape Lieber, and of the opposite coast, between which and them hung water-clouds, indicating open water. This fact was also indicated by the roar, like a moving railroad-train, made by the crushing of the ice in the current. Having passed another night in their warm snow-house, they made their way next day to the station in less than five hours, and found all hands there engaged in erecting50 an ice wall around the house as high as the eaves, and filling in with snow. This proved most effectual in keeping the house warm.
Lieutenant Greely had an uncomfortable experience while assisting to make a tide-gauge. He fell in and got a ducking—not his first experience in that direction. Wolves were daily seen near the house, and were so bold and fearless that the men deemed it prudent51 never to leave the building without fire-arms; for, as the animals were of the same color as the snow, they could not be easily distinguished52.
On the 29th, a singular aurora53 made its appearance, consisting of a ribbon of white light a degree wide, stretching through the zenith from north to south; then another arch, 10° westward, whose base touched the first; and still another, also passing through the zenith, and cutting the others at right angles.
On the 30th, Lockwood commenced preparations for a preliminary journey to Hall’s winter quarters, whenever the straits could be crossed and the weather and light were suitable. Among other things, the 117 saddler, Fredericks, made a tent to hold eight men, using to that end two common “A” tents.
About this time, while cogitating55 on his room and room-mates, Lockwood said: “Surely this is a happy quartet occupying this room! We often sit silent during the whole day, and even a meal fails to elicit56 anything more than a chance remark or two. A charming prospect57 for four months of darkness, such gloom within, and penned up as we are in one room! I have doubts of getting over the straits, but I must be off as soon as possible, for I find a relief in getting away.”
Lieutenant Greely had felt himself compelled to show his dissatisfaction with Dr. Pavy’s explorations, or rather attempted explorations. He and the doctor had also adverse58 views as to how explorations should be made. The doctor wanted to take along many creature comforts, while Greely thought, with Lockwood, that nothing could be accomplished59 without sacrificing all beyond bare necessities.
Having everything complete, Lockwood started on the 1st of November to try the passage of the straits, with Brainard, Lynn, Saler, Biederbick, Ellis, Fredericks, and Connell, dragging an eight-man sledge, weighing, with load, one thousand pounds. They left sledge and load beyond Cape Distant, and returned to lodge60 at the house, where all hands fortified61 themselves with a first-class dinner, preparatory to the labors62 of the next day.
They got off early, but, owing to the limited light and other difficulties, found themselves some distance from the snow-house near Cape Beechy when darkness 118 overtook them. Having all in readiness on the 4th, they again got off, leaving Ellis at the snow-house with an injured foot. This was unfortunate, as he was a strong, willing fellow, with lots of pluck. The prospects63 of crossing the straits at this time were not encouraging, both from the short duration of light and from the open waters. Still, they determined65 to make the effort. This they first did with the whale-boat, which they had picked up on their route. They mounted it on the sledge, but soon found they could not drag so heavy a body, and returned to the snow-house. Rice, whom they found there, was then sent with a dog-sledge to bring up a small boat from Cape Murchison. Dr. Pavy, Lieutenant Kislingbury, and Jans coming along en route for another attempt northward66, were surprised to see how comfortable they were in the snow-house.
After extensive repairs to the small boat, they again got off at noon, seven men and Lockwood himself dragging the sledge, on which were the boat and one hundred and fourteen pounds of rations54. On reaching open water, three only were to proceed in the boat, the others to fall back on the snow-house. They got along pretty well until they came to the hummocks67, through which, with extreme labor, and frequently using an axe68, they made their way, till they heard, in the distance toward Polaris Promontory69, the roar of the grinding ice, indicating open water. Moving on ahead of the party over very rough ice, and crossing some wet, slushy ice fifteen or twenty yards wide, Lockwood found himself on a level floe. He had 119 gone only a short distance over this toward a dark streak70 beyond, which he took for open water, when he found that the floe upon which he stood was in motion. Retreating over the bed of slushy ice, he found this to be really only a thick mass of broken pieces intermediate between the moving floe and the firm ice. He could readily thrust his ice-hook down through it to the water beneath, and did so. Reaching the sledge-party, and viewing the difficulties of the situation, he decided, all agreeing, on the impracticability of crossing at this season. They accordingly displayed signal-torches from the top of an iceberg71, as agreed upon, that Lieutenant Greely might know that they had found the crossing dangerous and had abandoned the effort. They returned in darkness, and with considerable difficulty, guided somewhat by a signal-torch displayed by Ellis at the snow-house. They remained all day at the snow-house, which the men found so comfortable that they preferred it to the restraints of the station. At noon Lockwood and Brainard went upon a tramp, and found the condition of the open water to be such as to demonstrate the wisdom of their return the evening before. The men made some additions to the snow-house, which were regarded as a great success. The return to the station on the 7th was attended with more difficulty and labor than had been expected, arising from a strong south wind having worn away the foot-ice, and the small amount of light; hence, they soon had wet feet, which in that region always means frost-bitten feet. So much were some of the men used up by this journey of twenty 120 miles, which had before been made in one day, that they had to be conveyed on the sledge, and did not reach the station till the third day. At Dutch Island they met Whistler, who, missing Biederbick at the ropes and seeing a human form on the sledge, came to the conclusion that Biederbick was dead, and repeatedly exclaimed, “Poor Biederbick! poor Biederbick!”
During a period of dullness at the station, Rice and Henry projected a newspaper, to be called the “Arctic Moon,” and Lockwood, to whom, also, the idea had occurred, agreed to join them as one of the editors. They wanted something to dispel72 the monotony which was depressing all hands, as all were tired of reading, of cards and other games, while two of Lockwood’s room-mates were gloomy and taciturn. To counteract73 this, he resumed his reading, especially history and travels—anything but novels. Kane’s work interested him especially, and he considered him a remarkable74 man, courageous75, energetic, and determined. Their own manner of life just then reminded Lockwood of a rainy day in the country intensified76. “Yet,” says he, “why not be contented? Books and leisure afford an opportunity for reading and studying which we may never have again. We have a warm, comfortable house, plenty of food, and other things which many are without. Life in this world is just what one chooses to make it. Man can make of it a heaven or a hell.” He felt anxious as to the effect of one hundred and thirty sunless days upon himself and men, as this might tell on their sledging 121 in the coming spring. Nares’s people broke down under it, and, when sledging, were decimated by the scurvy77. They themselves were fortunate so far in not having had a single man sick enough to keep his bed.
True to his intellectual instincts, Lockwood formed a class in geography and grammar, consisting of Ellison, Bender, Connell, and Whistler, while Lieutenant Greely taught them arithmetic. On the 22d of November appeared, with a flourish of trumpets78, the first number of the “Arctic Moon.” Of course the editors thought it a great success. It had for the frontispiece a sketch79 of the house, drawn80 by Lockwood, while Rice made fair copies of the paper by the hectograph process—enough for all, and many to spare.
These trifles served to shorten, apparently81, the many hours of gloom and darkness, which were wearing away the spirits of all. The men were now far less hilarious82 than they had been, and, with the game of chess to assist, silence reigned83 supreme84.
Thanksgiving-day, with its games, sports, and dinner, gave them a pleasant variety. First, came the snow-shoe race of one hundred yards, Brainard, victor. Next, the foot-race, with many contestants85, but Ellis coming out ahead. Then the dog-team race to Dutch Island and return, under the Esquimaux Jans and Frederick, the latter, victor. And, finally, a shooting-match, necessarily at short range, and with torches, Henry, victor. These and other out-door exercises were followed by the grand feature of the day, the Thanksgiving dinner, and not a poor one either, even for a lower latitude86 than eighty-two degrees. 122 In the evening Lieutenant Greely gave out prizes to the victors and second best, Rice acting87 as master of ceremonies, rigged out in swallow-tail coat, black pantaloons, white vest, and “boiled” shirt. The mercury froze on that day, and Lieutenant Greely brought in a teacupful, which looked like lead as it comes from the mold. The moon also made its appearance, and all fully88 appreciated the blessing89 of this luminary90.
“What a change,” exclaimed Lockwood, “when she comes forth91 in all her beauty and loveliness, flooding the landscape with her refulgent92 beams and cheering the drooping93 spirits of benighted94 mortals! Even the poor dogs feel her influence!” On the 1st of December, they had an almost total eclipse of the moon, more remarkable there than an eclipse of the sun elsewhere. During the phenomenon, the exposed part of the disk was of a dull-red color. Lockwood took the altitude of the moon while crossing the meridian95, using a saucer of molasses as an artificial horizon. She flooded the whole region with a light, electric in appearance, and causing deep shadows. In the evening they were treated to a display of mock moons, with a circular band of bright light connecting them, and several bands or ribbons of light at various angles, but all passing through the moon.
The Esquimaux, Jans and Frederick, having of late been much depressed96, efforts were made by kindly attentions on the part of Lieutenant Greely and others to dispel their gloom and assure them of the friendly feeling entertained toward them by all. 123 These good offices, however, all failed. Dr. Pavy said this state of mind was not infrequent among the natives of lower Greenland, and often resulted in the wandering off of the subjects of it, and, if not followed, by their perishing in the cold. One morning Jans was missing, and at once his tracks were followed by Dr. Pavy, Brainard, Rice, and Whistler, with the dog-sledge. Late in the afternoon they returned with poor Jans, who was found nine miles away, following at a rapid pace the ice-foot around Cape Murchison. He returned unwillingly97, and gave no reason for his strange conduct. Rice and Whistler were both rendered hors de combat by the journey, the former by a fall from an ice-hummock, the latter by congestion98 of the brain owing to having shaved before going out. Both Dr. Kane and Dr. Rink (in his book on Greenland) refer to hallucinations similar to that of Jans, and the frequent fatal consequences.
On the 14th of December appeared the second number of the “Arctic Moon,” which was thought to be an improvement on number one, and was well received. Lieutenant Greely gave a lecture on the “Polar Question.”
On the same day also, Esquimaux Frederick came to Lieutenant Greely and asked permission to leave the station, and, when asked why, said some one was going to shoot him—a strange hallucination!
On the 20th Lockwood writes: “The sun now begins his journey to the north; the backbone99 of the winter is broken! Walking out at noon to-day, I was just able to see the hands of my watch by holding it 124 close to my eye. The profound silence of this region is quite as striking, and almost as disagreeable, as the darkness. Standing45 still, one can almost hear his heart beat. The sense of solitude100 is sublime101.” Speaking of Arctic literature, he says that “Hayes’ book, though beautifully written, is far below that of Kane as to information and reliability102. No one who has been up Smith’s Sound can fail to notice this.”
On the 24th of December, after eating a birthday dinner, the Christmas presents from an unknown friend to every one of the party, were distributed. The rooms were appropriately decorated, and everything was done to render the occasion cheerful and pleasant. Those articles not specifically assigned by the donor103 were disposed of by lottery104.
Lockwood indulged in the following reflections: “How suggestive of home and of the dear ones there! How often do my thoughts wander away to them! Has Providence105 been equally kind to them as to me? The day with me suggests alternately the past and the future. Will next Christmas find me here, with everything around as auspicious106 as now, and shall I then be able to look back with satisfaction and self-complacency on my labors along the Greenland coast? Or will the future bring a record of dreams unsatisfied, of efforts unproductive, of labor in vain? My mind is far away with that group at home assembled together and doubtless regretting that the absent one is not of their number. Could I but see them for an hour, or know that all is well with them, I should rejoice, indeed!”
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The “Lime-Juice Club” gave an entertainment on the same evening, at which Snyder affected107 Jans to tears by his personation of an Esquimaux lady, and Connell brought down the house as a martinet108 captain, by exclaiming, when a soldier who had shot himself was brought in: “Very sad affair, very sad, indeed! Charge him with two cartridges109 expended110, Sergeant29.”
Lieutenant Greely also gave the party as a lecture, “Reminiscences of the Battle of Fredericksburg,” which was interesting and two hours long, though entirely111 ex tempore; and Lockwood was announced to lecture on “Arctic Sledging.”
On the 31st, rations of rum were issued to help the men welcome in the new year. They were also to fire a salute112 with rifles. Fiddles113 were in full blast, with singing and other marks of hilarity114.
Lockwood’s lecture on “Arctic Sledging” was given January 3, 1882, and was well received. Being confirmed in his opinion that he was no public speaker, he intended to leave lecturing for others thereafter. On the 9th he took his usual walk, notwithstanding the thermometer was at 60° below zero, and felt the cold chiefly on his nose. It seemed curious to him, that when the thermometer was lowest, the air was stillest. Were it otherwise, he supposed existence in the Arctic would be an impossibility.
But severe as was the weather, it did not deter64 him from the study of science, as will be seen by the following record, made on the 9th of January: “I have been looking up the subject of nautical115 astronomy 126 for some time past, and to-day and this evening, taking sextant, mercury, etc., and establishing an observatory116 on top of an old barrel in front of the house, commenced observations on the transit117 of Markab, Capella, and other stars, but have not been very successful. Everything conspires118 against one in this climate. It reminds me of my observations last spring. However, I hope by dint119 of practice to do better. The winter is passing away slowly but surely. The time is coming when I shall look at these stars from grassy120 fields, on a summer night, in the temperate121 zone, I hope. The stars up here are very bright, and a great many of them circle around the pole and never set. It is a beautiful sight. Arcturus, Aldebaran, and others, besides being very bright, show different colors, red, violet, and green. Jupiter looks immense.”
Still absorbed with his astronomical122 studies, he gives us the following on the 13th of the same month: “The moon appeared after noon. How welcome she is! How a poet would rave6 over the moon could he once experience a polar winter!—not simply an Arctic winter, for anywhere north of the Arctic Circle is the Arctic, and the dark days which most expeditions have seen are trifling123 compared with ours. I think it would be a good idea to exile a first-class poet into these regions for the purpose, but give him to understand he was never to return. How he would sing!”
On the 12th, they had a phenomenon they had never heard of—the precipitation of vapor124 with a perfectly125 127 clear sky. It resembled a heavy mist or light rain.
On the 16th occurred the first hurricane of the season. It began in the morning with heavy south wind and sudden fall of barometer126. At noon the wind whipped round to the northeast and blew with indescribable fury, filling the air with snow-drifts, and blotting out the view of everything even a few feet distant. The anemometer registered sixty-five miles, and then broke down. The noise of the storm, as heard from the house, was as though on shipboard. It must have given way but for the ice walls around it.
On the 20th, Lieutenant Greely issued a circular letter, calling attention to the order that all should be up for breakfast. Kislingbury and Dr. Pavy took exceptions to this, and the latter declined to lecture in his turn.
The next evening occurred a beautiful and unique auroral127 display, the chief features of which were many broad bands of pure white passing through the zenith and reaching to the east and to the west horizon, which blended, twisted, and curled in upon each other in a very remarkable manner. The spectacle was viewed with wonder and amazement128.
On the 26th, the twilight at noonday was quite bright. The moon also lent her aid; but low spirits and a sense of oppression and homesickness prevailed, all induced, doubtless, by want of exercise, and loneliness.
“Another twenty-four hours,” wrote Lockwood, on the 6th of February, “of this interminable night 128 nearly gone! Thank God! Sometimes it seems as if this life must hold on forever, but tempus fugit up here as well as elsewhere. The days and weeks seem weeks and months in passing, and yet, in the retrospect129, time seems to have passed quickly, because there is so little in the past to mark its progress, I suppose.”
Lockwood could not realize the extreme cold, and seldom wore his gloves when going out for a few minutes. Though he put on a thick dog-skin coat and seal-skin over-all when taking his daily walk, he really did not regard so much clothing necessary. Exposure to such low temperatures, however, for several hours, and particularly at night, was to be dreaded130. Many authorities—among others Lieutenant Greely—spoke of a peculiar131 sensation in the throat on first encountering a very low temperature, as when going out of doors from a warm room, but such was not Lockwood’s experience. Provided it was calm, he could stand any degree of cold he had yet met with. Owing to the peculiar and admirable construction of their house, the men were able to keep up 50° of heat within, however cold without.
On the 13th of February, Lockwood with two men went to see what damage had resulted from the late storm to the observatory on the summit of Bellot Island. Contrary to their expectations, they found the snow not only deep, but with a crust just firm enough not to bear. Consequently, they sent the dog-sledge back, and proceeded on foot, frequently sinking down knee-deep. Though the thermometer 129 stood at -65°, they got into a profuse132 perspiration133, which was not lessened134 by the steep and slippery ascent135 of two thousand feet. From this point the station-house seemed only a black spot, and was hardly recognizable as a house. Having made their inspection136 and fired their rifles several times as agreed upon with Lieutenant Greely, who was experimenting on sound, they returned. The result of these experiments was, that at -65° sound travels nine hundred and fifty feet per second. This was the coldest day they had yet experienced, and still they did not suffer with the cold.
The return to a warm house was an indescribable comfort, and Lockwood thought that if this could always be done, Arctic journeying would then be nothing. It was unprecedentedly137 cold even for that latitude. Pure brandy and also glycerine were frozen hard. The poor dogs suffered, yet many of them preferred to remain curled up on the snow-banks outside, to occupying the tent and holes prepared for them.
On the 19th, Lockwood made a dog-sledge trip with Brainard and the Esquimaux Frederick to Depot “B,” to look for a good place to cross the straits. Found that the snow had drifted so as to form a continuous inclined plane from the bluffs138 far outside the snow-house and tent, thus almost concealing139 them. They recognized the spot only by seeing the stovepipe jutting140 above the snow. Knowing how the mouth of the tunnel lay from this point, they dug through the hard, compact snow, cleared out the tunnel, and soon 130 found themselves within the snow-house. The little stove was swallowed up in a cone141 of snow reaching from roof to floor. This had drifted through a small aperture142 where the pipe pierced the roof. The fire going out after they turned in, the room became extremely damp and chilly143. However, they made up for the discomforts144 of the night by a rousing fire in the morning, over which they got up a grand breakfast of musk-ox steak, beans, coffee, and hard-tack. They next sent the team with Frederick down to St. Patrick’s Bay for a bag of coal, while Lockwood and Brainard walked over the straits toward Polaris Promontory. Going out some four or five miles over ice of varied145 nature, some exceedingly broken and hummocky and some quite level, they returned, satisfied that the time for crossing over was not yet. Frederick had, in the mean time, returned, mended up the hole in the roof, made a good fire, and prepared a warm meal.
They again started out to test the important passage, taking a route farther north. There the rubble-ice reached only two hundred yards from the shore, beyond which, as far as they walked and could see, smooth ice extended. They returned, satisfied that this was the place to attempt the passage when the time should arrive for their contemplated146 exploration farther north.
They made the trip over the foot-ice to the station (twenty miles) in four hours, thus proving the fine condition of the sledge and dogs for traveling, and the eagerness of the dogs to rejoin their companions and 131 pups. All the way, they had before them to the southward a rich glow on the horizon like the sunrise of a fine morning at home. They found the men celebrating the 22d of February by match-games of various kinds, and, after listening to an appropriate speech on the Father of his Country, enjoyed a good dinner.
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lieutenant
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| n.陆军中尉，海军上尉；代理官员，副职官员 | |
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attained
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| （通常经过努力）实现( attain的过去式和过去分词 )； 达到； 获得； 达到（某年龄、水平、状况） | |
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3
contented
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| adj.满意的，安心的，知足的 | |
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anticipations
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| 预期( anticipation的名词复数 )； 预测； （信托财产收益的）预支； 预期的事物 | |
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5
fatigue
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| n.疲劳，劳累 | |
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rave
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| vi.胡言乱语；热衷谈论；n.热情赞扬 | |
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7
oysters
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| 牡蛎( oyster的名词复数 ) | |
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crabs
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| n.蟹( crab的名词复数 )；阴虱寄生病；蟹肉v.捕蟹( crab的第三人称单数 ) | |
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curry
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| n.咖哩粉，咖哩饭菜；v.用咖哩粉调味，用马栉梳，制革 | |
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kindly
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| adj.和蔼的，温和的，爽快的；adv.温和地，亲切地 | |
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sledging
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| v.乘雪橇( sledge的现在分词 )；用雪橇运载 | |
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cape
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| n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风 | |
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blotting
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| 吸墨水纸 | |
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floe
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| n.大片浮冰 | |
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labor
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| n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦 | |
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flannel
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| n.法兰绒；法兰绒衣服 | |
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woolen
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| adj.羊毛(制)的；毛纺的 | |
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jersey
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| n.运动衫 | |
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sledge
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| n.雪橇，大锤；v.用雪橇搬运，坐雪橇往 | |
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20
westward
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| n.西方，西部；adj.西方的，向西的；adv.向西 | |
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21
crackers
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| adj.精神错乱的，癫狂的n.爆竹( cracker的名词复数 )；薄脆饼干；（认为）十分愉快的事；迷人的姑娘 | |
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22
retrace
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| v.折回；追溯，探源 | |
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23
scrambling
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| v.快速爬行( scramble的现在分词 )；攀登；争夺；（军事飞机）紧急起飞 | |
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24
hummocky
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| adj.圆丘般的，多圆丘的；波丘地 | |
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25
regained
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| 复得( regain的过去式和过去分词 )； 赢回； 重回； 复至某地 | |
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intervals
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| n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 )；间隔时间；[数学]区间；（戏剧、电影或音乐会的）幕间休息 | |
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afterward
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| adv.后来；以后 | |
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28
sergeants
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| 警官( sergeant的名词复数 )； （美国警察）警佐； （英国警察）巡佐； 陆军（或空军）中士 | |
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sergeant
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| n.警官，中士 | |
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30
decided
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| adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的 | |
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31
depot
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| n.仓库，储藏处；公共汽车站；火车站 | |
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32
thawed
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| 解冻 | |
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33
discomfort
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| n.不舒服，不安，难过，困难，不方便 | |
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34
ashore
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| adv.在(向)岸上，上岸 | |
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35
sledges
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| n.雪橇，雪车( sledge的名词复数 )v.乘雪橇( sledge的第三人称单数 )；用雪橇运载 | |
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36
retraced
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| v.折回( retrace的过去式和过去分词 )；回忆；回顾；追溯 | |
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37
friction
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| n.摩擦，摩擦力 | |
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38
twilight
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| n.暮光，黄昏；暮年，晚期，衰落时期 | |
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39
sprained
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| v.&n. 扭伤 | |
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40
lame
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| adj.跛的，(辩解、论据等)无说服力的 | |
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41
perspiring
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| v.出汗，流汗( perspire的现在分词 ) | |
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42
reminders
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| n.令人回忆起…的东西( reminder的名词复数 )；提醒…的东西；（告知该做某事的）通知单；提示信 | |
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43
condensation
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| n.压缩，浓缩；凝结的水珠 | |
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44
thereby
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| adv.因此，从而 | |
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45
standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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46
ERECTED
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| adj. 直立的，竖立的，笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立，建立 | |
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47
oars
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| n.桨，橹( oar的名词复数 )；划手v.划（行）( oar的第三人称单数 ) | |
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48
impervious
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| adj.不能渗透的，不能穿过的，不易伤害的 | |
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49
ascended
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| v.上升，攀登( ascend的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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50
erecting
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| v.使直立，竖起( erect的现在分词 )；建立 | |
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51
prudent
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| adj.谨慎的，有远见的，精打细算的 | |
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52
distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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53
aurora
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| n.极光 | |
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54
rations
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| 定量( ration的名词复数 )； 配给量； 正常量； 合理的量 | |
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55
cogitating
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| v.认真思考，深思熟虑( cogitate的现在分词 ) | |
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56
elicit
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| v.引出,抽出,引起 | |
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57
prospect
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| n.前景，前途；景色，视野 | |
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58
adverse
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| adj.不利的；有害的；敌对的，不友好的 | |
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59
accomplished
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| adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的 | |
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60
lodge
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| v.临时住宿，寄宿，寄存，容纳；n.传达室，小旅馆 | |
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61
fortified
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| adj. 加强的 | |
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62
labors
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| v.努力争取(for)( labor的第三人称单数 )；苦干；详细分析；（指引擎）缓慢而困难地运转 | |
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63
prospects
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| n.希望，前途(恒为复数) | |
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64
deter
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| vt.阻止，使不敢，吓住 | |
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65
determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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66
northward
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| adv.向北；n.北方的地区 | |
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67
hummocks
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| n.小丘，岗( hummock的名词复数 ) | |
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68
axe
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| n.斧子；v.用斧头砍，削减 | |
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69
promontory
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| n.海角；岬 | |
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70
streak
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| n.条理，斑纹，倾向，少许，痕迹；v.加条纹，变成条纹，奔驰，快速移动 | |
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71
iceberg
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| n.冰山，流冰，冷冰冰的人 | |
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72
dispel
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| vt.驱走，驱散，消除 | |
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73
counteract
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| vt.对…起反作用，对抗，抵消 | |
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74
remarkable
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| adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的 | |
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75
courageous
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| adj.勇敢的，有胆量的 | |
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76
intensified
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| v.（使）增强， （使）加剧( intensify的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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77
scurvy
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| adj.下流的，卑鄙的，无礼的；n.坏血病 | |
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78
trumpets
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| 喇叭( trumpet的名词复数 )； 小号； 喇叭形物； （尤指）绽开的水仙花 | |
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79
sketch
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| n.草图；梗概；素描；v.素描；概述 | |
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80
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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81
apparently
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| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
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82
hilarious
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| adj.充满笑声的，欢闹的；[反]depressed | |
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83
reigned
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| vi.当政，统治（reign的过去式形式） | |
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84
supreme
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| adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的 | |
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85
contestants
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| n.竞争者，参赛者( contestant的名词复数 ) | |
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86
latitude
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| n.纬度，行动或言论的自由(范围)，(pl.)地区 | |
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87
acting
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| n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的 | |
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88
fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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89
blessing
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| n.祈神赐福；祷告；祝福，祝愿 | |
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90
luminary
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| n.名人，天体 | |
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91
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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92
refulgent
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| adj.辉煌的，灿烂的 | |
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93
drooping
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| adj. 下垂的，无力的 动词droop的现在分词 | |
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94
benighted
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| adj.蒙昧的 | |
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95
meridian
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| adj.子午线的；全盛期的 | |
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96
depressed
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| adj.沮丧的，抑郁的，不景气的，萧条的 | |
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97
unwillingly
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| adv.不情愿地 | |
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98
congestion
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| n.阻塞，消化不良 | |
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99
backbone
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| n.脊骨，脊柱，骨干；刚毅，骨气 | |
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100
solitude
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| n. 孤独; 独居,荒僻之地,幽静的地方 | |
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101
sublime
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| adj.崇高的，伟大的；极度的，不顾后果的 | |
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102
reliability
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| n.可靠性，确实性 | |
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103
donor
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| n.捐献者；赠送人；(组织、器官等的)供体 | |
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104
lottery
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| n.抽彩；碰运气的事，难于算计的事 | |
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105
providence
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| n.深谋远虑，天道，天意；远见；节约；上帝 | |
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106
auspicious
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| adj.吉利的；幸运的，吉兆的 | |
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107
affected
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| adj.不自然的，假装的 | |
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108
martinet
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| n.要求严格服从纪律的人 | |
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109
cartridges
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| 子弹( cartridge的名词复数 )； （打印机的）墨盒； 录音带盒； （唱机的）唱头 | |
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110
expended
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| v.花费( expend的过去式和过去分词 )；使用（钱等）做某事；用光；耗尽 | |
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111
entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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112
salute
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| vi.行礼，致意，问候，放礼炮；vt.向…致意，迎接，赞扬；n.招呼，敬礼，礼炮 | |
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113
fiddles
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| n.小提琴( fiddle的名词复数 )；欺诈；（需要运用手指功夫的）细巧活动；当第二把手v.伪造( fiddle的第三人称单数 )；篡改；骗取；修理或稍作改动 | |
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114
hilarity
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| n.欢乐；热闹 | |
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115
nautical
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| adj.海上的，航海的，船员的 | |
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116
observatory
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| n.天文台，气象台，瞭望台，观测台 | |
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117
transit
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| n.经过，运输；vt.穿越，旋转；vi.越过 | |
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118
conspires
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| 密谋( conspire的第三人称单数 )； 搞阴谋； （事件等）巧合； 共同导致 | |
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119
dint
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| n.由于，靠；凹坑 | |
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120
grassy
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| adj.盖满草的；长满草的 | |
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121
temperate
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| adj.温和的，温带的，自我克制的，不过分的 | |
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122
astronomical
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| adj.天文学的，（数字）极大的 | |
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123
trifling
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| adj.微不足道的；没什么价值的 | |
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124
vapor
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| n.蒸汽，雾气 | |
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125
perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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126
barometer
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| n.气压表，睛雨表，反应指标 | |
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127
auroral
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| adj.曙光的；玫瑰色的 | |
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128
amazement
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| n.惊奇，惊讶 | |
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129
retrospect
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| n.回顾，追溯；v.回顾，回想，追溯 | |
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130
dreaded
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| adj.令人畏惧的；害怕的v.害怕，恐惧，担心( dread的过去式和过去分词) | |
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131
peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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132
profuse
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| adj.很多的，大量的，极其丰富的 | |
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133
perspiration
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| n.汗水；出汗 | |
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134
lessened
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| 减少的，减弱的 | |
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135
ascent
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| n.(声望或地位)提高；上升，升高；登高 | |
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136
inspection
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| n.检查，审查，检阅 | |
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137
unprecedentedly
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| adv.空前地 | |
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138
bluffs
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| 恐吓( bluff的名词复数 )； 悬崖； 峭壁 | |
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139
concealing
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| v.隐藏，隐瞒，遮住( conceal的现在分词 ) | |
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140
jutting
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| v.（使）突出( jut的现在分词 )；伸出；（从…）突出；高出 | |
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141
cone
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| n.圆锥体，圆锥形东西，球果 | |
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142
aperture
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| n.孔，隙，窄的缺口 | |
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143
chilly
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| adj.凉快的，寒冷的 | |
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144
discomforts
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| n.不舒适( discomfort的名词复数 )；不愉快，苦恼 | |
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145
varied
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| adj.多样的，多变化的 | |
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146
contemplated
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| adj. 预期的 动词contemplate的过去分词形式 | |
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