2The captain was sole owner, and proved to be a man of rare intelligence, which had been cultivated by travel and study. To his love of adventure was added a strong amateur predisposition for the pursuits of natural history. These qualifications led to a speedy agreement, with conditional13 arrangements for a charter of the steamer open to variations suited to the requirements of the corps.
On the 15th of April the members of the corps, instruments, camp utensils14, and travelling gear, were safely stowed on board the little steamer Tortuga,—a name that implied slow progress, which to our satisfaction her speed decried15. At eleven A. M., having bid farewell to our newly acquired friends, we left the anchorage with their “Good speed,” and after threading her way among the vessels16 in the roadstead the little steamer puffed18 her way up the broad expanse of the La Plata estuary19. The balance of the day was occupied in arranging instruments for river observations, the while listening to praises lavished20 by the captain upon the “worthy” qualities of his little propeller21, of which he was the architect and builder. During the evening he regaled us with incidents of his life in California and the East Indies. His adventures in California received occasional illustrations from a genial22 individual introduced as Padre Simon, the prefix23 having been conferred—as we afterwards learned—from his zealous24 support of the Catholic dogmas, theoretically. As the padre was eventually enlisted25 in our corps, we will foreshadow some of his peculiar27 characteristics. In form he was of medium height, with a rotund outline visibly inclining to jovial28 obesity29; his face was in-dyed with a complexion30 blending with the Roman auburn of his hair, which gave a warm glow to his expression when lighted with a smile. In the first generation of descent from Irish parentage, he retained the full impression of inconsistency 3in the practical adaptation of his habits to the faithful index of goodness ingrafted from the maternal31 stock. Guileless in thought, when free from temptation, he possessed32 a ready facility of excusing his habits of excess with the plea of saving grace administered under the seal of confession33. With this hint, in forecast of development, we will proceed in the relation of events transpiring34 during the river voyage.
On the morning of the 21st of May, after having been subjected to our full share of vexatious delays, incident to the provincial35 poco pocoism of the guarda and custom-house officials, the steamer gained the river post of Santa Anna on the Pilcomayo, two miles above its mouth. At Santa Anna they found the well-known American naturalist36, Diego Dow, waiting for an opportunity to obtain sufficient aid to attempt the exploration of the Pilcomayo as far as the reputed settlement of Tenedos, which rumor37 located on a confluent stream rising and flowing eastward38 through the valleys of the Andean spur that reached into central La Plata.
The ultra-savage39 disposition12 of the wandering tribes on the banks of these rivers, having defeated every previous attempt made to establish trading-posts, but few had been found willing to incur40 the hazard proposed by Mr. Dow. Even the indomitable Jesuits had been foiled in all their endeavors to conciliate the Indians in degree sufficient for the establishment of missions preliminary to their subjugation41.
The magnet of Mr. Dow’s desire had been drawn42 thitherward by the reputed existence of a walled city inhabited by a white race of great beauty. He considered the report sufficiently43 well authenticated44 to warrant the adventure of his life for its discovery and relief from the constant siege to which it had been subjected by the savage tribes from time beyond date. His chief authority, which had incited45 him to engage 4in the emprise, was his Auraucanian servant, who had, in his wanderings and progress northward46, served in an Indian marauding expedition, which invaded the valley of the city for the purpose of lifting the cattle of the inhabitants, who were in seasons of drought obliged to protect them while feeding beyond the walls. As Indian forays were expected, the herds47 were well guarded by shepherd escorts, whose persons were safely protected with defensive48 armor, so that with the exception of the face the other parts of the body were proof to the poisoned arrows. In addition they were armed with a bow which in their practiced hands sent the arrow sure to its mark far beyond the range of their savage foes49’ weapons, so that in the open valley they were safe. Besides, their tactics embraced so many precautionary variations that the Indians were almost invariably decoyed and blinded from real intention. These feints caused the savages50 to become over wary51, never venturing an attack unless with the advantage of overwhelming numbers. The party with which Aabrawa, Mr. Dow’s servant, was engaged, met with a severe repulse52 that indisposed them to renew the attempt, notwithstanding an opportunity was offered on the succeeding day. So well managed were the citizens’ plans of protection that they rarely lost either men or cattle, and without being aggressive frequently administered well merited punishment upon their foes, who were inspired with wholesome53 fear from a superiority so manifest in deadly effect. Unable to cope with their white antagonists54 in the open field, they, with constant wariness55 peculiar to the savage, neglected no opportunity to harass56, hoping at some time with constant worrying to catch them off their guard. The cause of this implacable hatred57 was hereditary58, reaching, as Aabrawa learned, far back to a time when the forefathers59 of the citizens abused their supremacy60 by enslaving their Indian benefactors61. The Indians having surprised and overcome their oppressors, 5a remnant of the whites obtained refuge in the present city, which had since been kept under constant espial. As the city was overlooked from an adjacent height, but little passed in the streets unknown to the besiegers, who were quick to discover any relaxation62 of vigilance; and whenever from pestilence63 or other cause it did occur, couriers were dispatched to summon aid from distant tribes.
Curiosity and love of exciting adventure had enlisted the members of the corps in favor of aiding Mr. Dow’s projected enterprise, and through their continued solicitation64, M. Hollydorf consented to waive65 the strict interpretation66 of his commission, designating a particular field of operation, by using his discretionary power in favor of the proposed scheme for raising the siege of the beleaguered67 city. Captain Greenwood without hesitation68 tendered the aid of his steamer, and being one of those peculiar persons who are accustomed to take the head of time by the forelock, he immediately commenced the precautionary labors70 to protect his vessel17 from the wily tricks of surprise practiced by the savages. The commandante of Santa Anna, being well acquainted with the methods of attack that led to the defeat of the various expeditions directed against the Chacas, proved of great use in suggesting precautions. The chief dread72 arose from the poisoned arrows of the savages, which inflicted73 incurable74 wounds, adding to death the horrors of lingering putrefaction75. The fears anticipated from this source were relieved by the confidence inspired through the energetic character of the captain, whose experience with the superior cunning of the North American Indians prepared him to cope with the lower instincts of their southern congeners.
On the morning of the 23d of May the Tortuga’s bow was turned against the swift middle current of the Pilcomayo’s bayou expanse, then at its height 6from the copious76 contributions of the rainy season in the high lands and mountain sources of its tributaries. Night still found us in the broad sea of waters, baffled in search of the interior mouth which was made more difficult from the confluent branches uniting with it near its Paraguayan embouchure. The commandante, anticipating the difficulty likely to be encountered, had been particular in giving directions; but although strictly78 followed, from a calculation of the steamer’s speed, twice the distance had been run without discovering the described landmarks79. Uncertainty80 was rendered still more uncomfortable by the shallowing of the water, showing plainly that we were inland from the river’s channel. At midnight, while anchored, a hurricane, heralded81 by a thunder-storm, made the waters seethe82 with its force, causing our little craft to careen and bob with a politeness to the gusts83 that impaired84 our confidence in its self reliance. Padre Simon declared that the lightning set his teeth on edge, prompting him from its dazzling flashes to pray, but that the thunder so startled and confused him that he was unable to think, and as a dernier ressort was obliged to drink. This remedy finally rendered him proof to the best efforts of Jupiter Tonans; but on waking in the morning he complained that he could still hear the roll of the thunder in his head.
On the morning of the 24th the sun rose bright and clear in a cloudless sky, compensating85 with its splendor86 the discomforts87 of the night; its reflected light glancing upon the waters discovered far to the south a broad ripple88, indicating the sought-for channel. The river’s stream was soon gained, and followed in a southwesterly course until the river’s limits were defined by partially89 submerged trees growing upon its banks. Having at Santa Anna filled every available portion of the vessel with fuel, sufficient for a run of four days, the boat was enabled to keep on her course 7under a full head of steam, without anxiety from the dull prospect90 offered for replenishing.
May 25th, at sunrise, after a good night’s run, we discovered a headland above the surface of the water covered with fire-scathed trees, from which the captain, for a surety, concluded to add to his diminished supply of fuel. The labor69 of taking in wood from this source was by no means pleasant, but the sailors with good-will made the “virtue91 of necessity” cheerful with songs and jokes, the “passengers,” suitably clothed, contributing with the zest92 of energy their labor for its stowage, so that by eight o’clock we were again under way. With the exception of this wooded bluff93 nothing but sky, water, and foliage94 had met our eyes since leaving Santa Anna, the monotonous95 compound making us well content with cabin associations.
On the 28th at sunrise, our ears were gladdened with the cry of “Land ho!” Rushing on deck, with the expectation of a greeting from well defined banks, we were disappointed, as the contrasted elements of the previous day still prevailed. Seeing that we were a little inclined to be vexed97, at what we considered to be an ill-timed joke, the man at the wheel, an old river navigator, pointed96 to a mud bank that closed our view with the bend of the river, at the same time directing our attention to the eddy98 cast from it far out toward a line of trees on the opposite shore. From these indications he assured us that in a half hour’s time we should hear the songs of birds to make us lively. Doubling the muddy cape99 we were greeted with the screams of parrots, while other birds of gay plumage were crossing and recrossing the river singly and in flocks, causing, in apparent salutation, a lively line of demarcation between the land enclosed current and the smooth waters of the flood below. The welcome sight raised our spirits into a sympathetic mood of song, which was unfortunately too nearly allied100 to the screaming discord101 of the parrots to evoke102 other 8than a mirthful disposition for repartee103 which expended104 itself in humorous comparisons, favoring the advent11 of genial omens105.
Mr. Welson, a prominent official of the Panama Railroad Company, had accepted the freedom proffered106 by the steamship107 lines plying108 between the maritime109 cities of the eastern coast of South America, for his recuperative vacation of three months, and on his arrival in Montevideo had been induced by Captain Greenwood to extend his voyage up the river.
A Scotsman by birth, he possessed in an eminent110 degree the predilection111 of his people for dry, caustic112 humor; and in his position of commercial agent had cultivated the art of extracting fun from the vagaries114 of migrating humanity in their transit115 across the isthmus116. Scientific whimsies117 were especially adapted to his quizzical vein118, and a happier combination of material could scarcely have been conjured119 for his entertainment, than he found on board of the Tortuga. Padre Simon was his especial favorite as a stimulating120 provocative121. Won by his na?ve simplicity122, he had soon interested himself to learn the object of his river voyage, with the intention of rendering123 him assistance. Greatly to his surprise the padre informed him that he had no other expectations in visiting Entre Rios than the chance one “of hitting an opportunity to make a strike.” Amused with his vernacular124, and the easy carelessness of his manner, which seemed to defy disappointment, he was delighted to discover his growing fondness for polemical disputations, which was gratified by a kindred disposition cultivated by Dr. Baāhar, the naturalist of the corps. On the steamer’s arrival at Entre Rios, the port of his destination, the padre’s thoughts were absorbed in the dogmatic discussion of the soul’s material identity with the body after the resurrection, so that he gave no heed125 to the frequent repetition of the name of the town. Aware of his total abstraction from all 9thoughts and anxieties connected with the business responsibilities of life, necessary for material sustenance126, Mr. Welson connived127 with the doctor to hold him in argument until after the steamer’s departure, well assured that no material harm could arise from the derangement128 of plans so lightly impressed as to give place to chimerical129 argument. For a characteristic illustration of the disputants’ peculiarities130 we will give the burden of their colloquial131 subjects of exposition.
Padre. “My conscience’ sake alive, man! Why, you might as well set us down as beasts at once, as to argue that in resurrection we shall assume the form of animals whose habits we most affect in life! Surely your naturalistic learning has run mad with your orthodox catholic ideas, for, upon my soul, they are rank with transmigration, and if confessed, you would be denied absolution by every ecclesiastic132 in the Christian133 world. Look you! the very fact, if admitted, would controvert134 all that we hold sacred. Why, man, it would render absurd our reliquary faith in the efficacy of sainted bones and vestments for healing the sick and lame136, for the marrow-bones of swine and the hair of dogs would hardly serve to enlist26 belief in the Christian doctrine137 of divine transubstantiation?”
Dr. B. “As we claim that reason has been bestowed138 as an endowment to distinguish us in reality from the brute139 creation, its possession presupposes preordination of intention in decree for its use. Now, if you will devote your share of this human endowment to the demonstration140 I am about to give of cause and effect, you will not fail to perceive the distinctions upon which our faith is founded. Humanity possesses omnivorously141, in its varieties of genera and species, all the habits of the lower orders of the animal creation in their separate representation! But superadded to this resemblance in the community of instinct, man has a 10discretionary power inherent with his endowment of reason, which enables him to profit by experience in shaping his course for the avoidance of consequent evils which follow from the transgression142 of natural laws. This power presupposes accountability that directs itself to Creative Cause. Upon this innate143 feeling of responsibility, impressed by repentance144 from transgressions145, and joys imparted from adherence146 to the monitor indications of our superiority, man has founded his religious distinctions of vice147 and virtue. In furtherance of this natural division man has volunteered to represent vice, and woman, unprejudiced by his influence, would have naturally assumed the role of virtue in truthful148 vindication149 of her vocation150 as the mother of our race. Now, as you well know, it is impossible to harmonize vice and virtue, even with the instinctive151 coalescence152 of the sexes? Hence, as you must acknowledge, there will be a constant struggle for ascendency. Man as the stronger of the two, in representative selfish determination, and the moral force of muscular strength, is as full of devices for the beguilement153 of woman from her sacred trust as the variations of his ability admit.”
Padre. “Yes, all that may be true; but you don’t talk at all like yourself, and I can’t see what you have said has to do with revealed religion.”
Dr. B. “Why, its connection is self suggestive; virtue and vice in sexual array, for the supremacy of example, naturally oppose to each other their attractions and temptations. Fortunately, the harmonizing beauty of woman, with loving affection, impressed on the rude selfishness of man the preferred happiness of a home subject to graceful154 refinements155, and with her sex in the majority held his passions and appetites of instinct in abeyance156. To overcome this tacit rule man devised a series of temptations to hold her in subjugation to his control. These were addressed to her vanity and envy, incited by the jealous instigations 11of man’s preferment on the score of beauty. This led to artificial adornment157, which placed the means of temptation in the hands of man. Then, as a plea for the encouragement of virtue, religious revelations were instituted under the conjurations of mystery to control, with fear, superstitious158 simplicity.”
Padre. “Perhaps I don’t quite understand you, for I can scarcely account for my own thoughts as they seem to be so mixed with new impressions; but if I understand what you express in words, I will answer for myself that the revealed way of salvation159 is to use all the blessings160 of life with moderation.”
Mr. Welson. (Amused.) “With the doctor’s permission, you will perhaps appreciate an illustration that occurs to me? Woman’s naturally unselfish affection, unbiased by the temptations of vanity and envious161 curiosity, exerts with gentle forbearance a restraint upon the more brutal162 appetites of man, softening163 asperities164 provoked by over indulgence. Theodosius, the emperor champion of Christianity, opened a way for the incursions of northern barbarians165 by patronizing the intolerant sway it usurped166 over the more primitive167 and lenient168 rites169 of paganism, as it weakened, by the introduction of effeminate luxuries which allied the sexes for degeneration.”
Padre. “I have never been much of a book-worm, but it appears to me if man, as Dr. Baāhar says, represents vice and woman virtue, your college learning directly tends to the cultivation170 of a vicious course by keeping before the people the barbarous acts of the ancients derived172 from their own language, which gives the scholar a directing power, from a studied understanding of the corruptions173 practiced in past ages. So you see, it’s far better for woman, and the world at large, that she’s denied the means of classical study; for from your own admissions, her curiosity and envious vanity rages so greatly at the present 12day she’d be more likely to play the part of a Cleopatra than a Zenobia. As the world runs, I think the less we know of the past the better it will be for our salvation.”
Mr. W. “But you forget church history, padre, from the record of which you derive171 your knowledge of the fathers?”
Padre. “Well, but that is different from profane174, for it teaches us the way of salvation by saving grace.”
Mr. W. “Yes, through the tender mercies of the Inquisition.”
Mr. Dow. “As a listener I must acknowledge that you have each with good arguments strangely confounded your former selves.”
The above colloquial rejoinders will serve as an illustration of the attraction that beguiled175 the padre’s attention until the second day after he had passed his port of destination. Then inquiring of the captain the distance that still “intervened,” the supposed number of miles being given, he relapsed into his usual routine without suspecting that it was calculated from the stern instead of the bow. When informed at the port of Rosas that the town of “Three Rivers” had been passed some days previous, he exclaimed, “My goodness gracious, there was where I wished to stop; my conscience’ sake alive, what shall I do?” The captain, to whom he appealed, answered by asking, “What did you intend to do at Entre Rios, padre?”
Padre. “A brokerage business of some sort, real estate or sugar, whichever offered the best opening.”
Captain. “But, padre, you cannot speak the language, which would render your expectations abortive176, for a bargain is never closed in these countries without a great deal of word chaffering. A clear understanding of the language is absolutely necessary, for the inhabitants of the river towns are very apt to “fly” from a bad bargain when they find themselves 13caught and lightly held, so that the only safe way to secure them is to clip their wings and hood-wink them in black and white. But I can send you back without cost when we meet the next downward bound steamer; then you will have the advice and assistance of Mr. Welson, who perfectly177 understands the habits and customs of the people.”
Padre. “Well, I declare to gracious, I hardly know what to do?”
Captain. “Would you like employment on board? I think that there is a berth178 that would suit you! Besides it will afford you an opportunity to convince Dr. Baāhar of his errors; at the same time you can perfect yourself in speaking Spanish.”
Notwithstanding the captain’s quizzical looks and speech the padre thankfully accepted the proffered position of second officer, with the expressed hope that he might perform its duties in an acceptable manner. Captain Greenwood, although somewhat crispy in speech and austere179 in address, had a strong undertow of humorous appreciation180 when the shafts181 of irony182 were not directed against himself. His disinterested183 disposition, prompted by the padre’s kindly184 vis inerti?, had suggested the offer; nevertheless he really desired a person capable of superintending small matters that would relieve him from a responsibility not greatly to his relish185. The duties imposed by the captain were as follows: “You must be the first up in the morning and the last in bed at night. While on duty, see that everything in the way of labor is well done, and never interfere186 with advice when a helping187 hand is required. Lastly, never report to me necessary changes until after they have been made.”
Padre. “But, captain, if I am never to speak how am I to improve or correct to suit you?”
Captain. “With the moral influence of your head and hands, when you see anything necessary to be done!”
14This settled the question of the padre’s new vocation, and he was forthwith introduced to the crew, who greeted his installation with marked approbation189. At night, when he became genial in confessional overflow190 and dogmatic in argument, he was the source of humorous repartee and good-will among the passengers on the quarter-deck. His American birth having toned down the quarrelsome disposition legitimate191 as an inheritance to the native-born Irishman, when under the influence of whiskey, he indulged in quaint71 disputations, peculiar to his Yankee ingraft, in freedom from ill humor.
With this insight descriptive of mood foreign to the members of the corps, we will now resume our narration192 of events transpiring in the daily progress of the steamer’s river voyage.
May 28.—The banks of the river are now clearly defined, but the water still submerges the undergrowth that margins193 its lower stages in the season of drought; the more matured growths are already peopled with the smaller species of birds delighting in the bushy retreats overhanging the waters. Our naturalists’ eyes are now greedily engaged in busy search for new specimens194 of the feathered species.
May 29.—This morning we reached a sand-spit formed by a confluent stream, upon which the receding195 waters had left a wood-drift well suited for the steamer’s use, having been forced by the jam of flood-tide high out of the current. The eddies196 and backwater of the Pilcomayo’s stronger flow had carried the raft and lodged197 it high up above the mouth of the lesser198 stream, leaving an extension inter-stayed by the roots that reached into deep water; alongside of the raft, in the smaller stream, the steamer moored199. The axes of the firemen and sailors were soon busy, wakening for the first time the forest echoes to the chucking sound of their strokes. The more active members of the corps volunteered their services in aid for speedy 15replenishment, deriving200 in recompense the invigorating novelty of exercise. While actively201 engaged with ready hands and merry voices they were suddenly startled with the scream of the steamer’s whistle, simultaneously202 accompanied with a flight of arrows from the ambush203 of the forest screen above the raft. Fortunately distance and trepidation204 from the unearthly screech206 of the whistle rendered their aim harmless; the check it afforded enabled the woodcutters to scramble207 up the sides of the steamer before the savages recovered from their surprise. When they realized that the shriek208 was harmless in effect, the Indians rushed forth188 from their concealment209 to secure the axes which had been abandoned by the men in their sudden fright, but were again momentarily intimidated210 by the rumbling211 sound of the gong, which Antonio, the steward212, had seized to increase with concerted din7 the scream of the whistle. The savages’ hesitation was but momentary213, seeing that like the former the steward’s overture214 was harmless in effect, then with a counter whoop215 of defiance216 they sprang forward to secure the coveted217 prizes. But the second diversion brought with it presence of mind and time for the use of more effective weapons than empty sound. One of the two howitzers, which had been taken as freight to Santa Anna, the commandante loaned to Captain Greenwood for the voyage; this had been loaded as a precautionary measure the day previous, and intrusted to the charge of Jack218 and Bill, two sailors who had “shipped” on the river voyage for a “lark.” With thoughts trained to the duty of their charge they were the first that reached the steamer’s deck, and before the savages recovered from their second hesitation sighted the gun and answered their whoop with a discharge of grape, with an effect that left five of their number stretched on the logs, killed outright219, the others in quick retreat leaving a trail of blood showing from its copious flow the infliction220 16of dangerous wounds. The retreating savages in their turn dropped clubs, spears, blow-pipes, and arrows, so that there was but little danger of their return. But the premonition caused the captain to place a guard in a position to command the isthmus, accompanied by two hounds belonging to Mr. Dow. The dogs following the bloody221 trail soon gave intimation that they had discovered the wounded savages. Proceeding222 cautiously into the thicket223 beyond the abattis they found near together, an elderly savage and a boy of seventeen or eighteen years, both severely224 wounded. The padre, with heedless but kindly intention, attempted to raise the head of the old Indian upon his arm to relieve his uncomfortable position, while the others stanched225 his wounds. In a second from the time the padre’s arm came within reach of the savage, his teeth were fastened upon the arm above the elbow, while with working tenacity226 he used his utmost energy to penetrate227 the sleeve of his coat. His intention was evident from the greenish slaver that oozed228 from the corners of his mouth, betraying in appearance the characteristics of the dreaded229 poison. Bill, who was near at hand, relieved the padre from the danger of poisonous inoculation230, before the teeth of the savage had penetrated231 the cloth, by the introduction of a marlin-spike with a decisive force that showed but little care for their preservation232. The boy was more tractable233, permitting his captors to handle him as they pleased. Two other savages were overtaken dragging themselves from bush to bush. When surrounded they were still defiant234, threatening all who approached with spear-heads attached to short staffs; these were finally struck out of their hands, but they still repelled235 peaceful overtures236, making a formidable show of resistance with teeth and nails. We had been specially3 warned against coming into close quarters with them by an old trader, who had frequently encountered their ferocious237 tendencies in 17his travels. Finding all our conciliatory attempts futile238 the wounded savages were left to their fate. Adopting the padre’s suggestion, the young Indian and his savage companion were taken on board, with the intention of trying the effect of kind treatment, but a lasso in the practiced hands of a guacho was required to persuade the latter to accept the proffered hospitality of the boat. Aside from the comparative docility239 of the boy, his lack of resemblance in feature and general conformation plainly declared that his subserviency240 to the will of his companion did not arise from parental241 affection. Shackling242 them to the windlass they were placed under the guardianship243 of the dogs, whose favorite lounge was on either side of the bowsprit heel beneath the shadow of the chocks. After they were secured, all hands, with the exception of the engineer, steward, and cooks, resumed their labors on the raft. As the padre insisted that it was a barbarous shame to throw the bodies of the dead savages into the water to become the food of alligators244, when a few minutes’ labor would make them a decent grave in the sand, he was allowed the privilege of extending to the defuncts245 the rites of burial. As the spade in his hands had not been a favorite specialty246 during the more elastic247 periods of his existence under the benign248 influence of temperate249 heat, the torrid glow of the morning acting113 in concert with a stimulant250 he had taken to steady his nerves, caused a sweltering perspiration251 that in no way accelerated the progress of his pious77 undertaking252. The sands having become quick from recent saturation253 were constantly caving, so that in addition to aggravation254 he was in danger of becoming a victim to his sextonic benevolence255. While trying to extricate256 himself from the caving sand, the while vainly pleading for assistance from the laughing spectators of his disaster, his attention became fixed257 upon an array of yellow nuggets which he had overlooked when thrown from their 18bed with the sand. His silence and curious investigation258 with hands and eyes extorted259 the inquiry260, “What is it, padre?” The laconic261 answer, “Gold!” brought the whole party to his rescue, including the sentinels from the logs above, while the engineer, steward, and cook deserted262 their posts in greedy haste. When the truth of his announcement was verified they with some difficulty dragged him from his grave, then oblivious263 to thoughts of savage surprise and poisoned arrows, they consigned264 the dead to the river, without remonstrance265 from the padre, and with flushed avidity commenced with spade and pan to unearth205 the precious metal. Mid-day, with its heat, found them still engaged, heedless of danger from the sun’s rays and the miasmic266 current converging267 upon the spit from the confluent streams. Silence alternating with wild bursts of hilarity268, caused the captive savages, chained to the steamer’s windlass, to gaze with wondering looks of amazement269.
Through the day, until darkness precluded270 the possibility of detecting the golden grains, the wild search continued, then when collected on the steamer’s deck they bethought themselves of the dangers to which they had been exposed. Although resolved to be more cautious in future while gathering271 their golden trove135, its tangible272 presence banished273 fear; still as a thoughtful precaution the steamer was dropped into the stream as a guard against surprise.
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corps
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| n.(通信等兵种的)部队；(同类作的)一组 | |
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tributaries
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| n. 支流 | |
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specially
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| adv.特定地；特殊地；明确地 | |
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intensity
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| n.强烈，剧烈；强度；烈度 | |
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contortions
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| n.扭歪，弯曲；扭曲，弄歪，歪曲( contortion的名词复数 ) | |
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articulation
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| n.（清楚的）发音；清晰度，咬合 | |
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din
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despatch
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| n./v.(dispatch)派遣；发送；n.急件；新闻报道 | |
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barter
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| n.物物交换，以货易货，实物交易 | |
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specified
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advent
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disposition
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| n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署 | |
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conditional
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| adj.条件的，带有条件的 | |
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utensils
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| 器具，用具，器皿( utensil的名词复数 )； 器物 | |
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decried
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| v.公开反对，谴责( decry的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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vessels
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| n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人 | |
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vessel
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| n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管 | |
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puffed
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| adj.疏松的v.使喷出( puff的过去式和过去分词 )；喷着汽（或烟）移动；吹嘘；吹捧 | |
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19
estuary
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| n.河口，江口 | |
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20
lavished
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| v.过分给予，滥施( lavish的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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21
propeller
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| n.螺旋桨，推进器 | |
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22
genial
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| adj.亲切的，和蔼的，愉快的，脾气好的 | |
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23
prefix
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| n.前缀；vt.加…作为前缀；置于前面 | |
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24
zealous
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| adj.狂热的，热心的 | |
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25
enlisted
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| adj.应募入伍的v.（使）入伍， （使）参军( enlist的过去式和过去分词 )；获得（帮助或支持） | |
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26
enlist
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| vt.谋取(支持等)，赢得；征募；vi.入伍 | |
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27
peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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28
jovial
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| adj.快乐的，好交际的 | |
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29
obesity
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| n.肥胖，肥大 | |
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30
complexion
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| n.肤色；情况，局面；气质，性格 | |
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31
maternal
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| adj.母亲的，母亲般的，母系的，母方的 | |
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32
possessed
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| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
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33
confession
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| n.自白，供认，承认 | |
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34
transpiring
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| （事实，秘密等）被人知道( transpire的现在分词 )； 泄露； 显露； 发生 | |
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35
provincial
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| adj.省的，地方的；n．外省人，乡下人 | |
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36
naturalist
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| n.博物学家(尤指直接观察动植物者) | |
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37
rumor
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| n.谣言，谣传，传说 | |
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38
eastward
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| adv.向东；adj.向东的；n.东方，东部 | |
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39
savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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40
incur
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| vt.招致，蒙受，遭遇 | |
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41
subjugation
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| n.镇压，平息，征服 | |
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42
drawn
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| v.拖，拉，拔出；adj.憔悴的，紧张的 | |
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43
sufficiently
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| adv.足够地，充分地 | |
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44
authenticated
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| v.证明是真实的、可靠的或有效的( authenticate的过去式和过去分词 )；鉴定，使生效 | |
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45
incited
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| 刺激，激励，煽动( incite的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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46
northward
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| adv.向北；n.北方的地区 | |
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47
herds
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| 兽群( herd的名词复数 )； 牧群； 人群； 群众 | |
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48
defensive
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| adj.防御的；防卫的；防守的 | |
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49
foes
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| 敌人，仇敌( foe的名词复数 ) | |
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50
savages
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| 未开化的人，野蛮人( savage的名词复数 ) | |
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51
wary
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| adj.谨慎的，机警的，小心的 | |
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52
repulse
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| n.击退，拒绝；vt.逐退，击退，拒绝 | |
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53
wholesome
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| adj.适合；卫生的；有益健康的；显示身心健康的 | |
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54
antagonists
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| 对立[对抗] 者，对手，敌手( antagonist的名词复数 )； 对抗肌； 对抗药 | |
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55
wariness
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| n. 注意,小心 | |
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56
harass
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| vt.使烦恼，折磨，骚扰 | |
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57
hatred
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| n.憎恶，憎恨，仇恨 | |
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58
hereditary
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| adj.遗传的，遗传性的，可继承的，世袭的 | |
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59
forefathers
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| n.祖先，先人；祖先，祖宗( forefather的名词复数 )；列祖列宗；前人 | |
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60
supremacy
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| n.至上；至高权力 | |
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61
benefactors
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| n.捐助者，施主( benefactor的名词复数 )；恩人 | |
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62
relaxation
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| n.松弛，放松；休息；消遣；娱乐 | |
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63
pestilence
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| n.瘟疫 | |
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64
solicitation
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| n.诱惑；揽货；恳切地要求；游说 | |
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65
waive
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| vt.放弃，不坚持(规定、要求、权力等) | |
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66
interpretation
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| n.解释，说明，描述；艺术处理 | |
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67
beleaguered
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| adj.受到围困[围攻]的；包围的v.围攻( beleaguer的过去式和过去分词)；困扰；骚扰 | |
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68
hesitation
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| n.犹豫，踌躇 | |
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69
labor
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| n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦 | |
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70
labors
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| v.努力争取(for)( labor的第三人称单数 )；苦干；详细分析；（指引擎）缓慢而困难地运转 | |
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71
quaint
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| adj.古雅的，离奇有趣的，奇怪的 | |
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72
dread
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| vt.担忧，忧虑；惧怕，不敢；n.担忧，畏惧 | |
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73
inflicted
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| 把…强加给，使承受，遭受( inflict的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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74
incurable
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| adj.不能医治的，不能矫正的，无救的；n.不治的病人，无救的人 | |
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75
putrefaction
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| n.腐坏，腐败 | |
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76
copious
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| adj.丰富的，大量的 | |
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77
pious
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| adj.虔诚的；道貌岸然的 | |
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78
strictly
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| adv.严厉地，严格地；严密地 | |
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79
landmarks
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| n.陆标( landmark的名词复数 )；目标；（标志重要阶段的）里程碑 ~ (in sth)；有历史意义的建筑物（或遗址） | |
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80
uncertainty
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| n.易变，靠不住，不确知，不确定的事物 | |
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81
heralded
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| v.预示( herald的过去式和过去分词 )；宣布（好或重要） | |
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82
seethe
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| vi.拥挤，云集；发怒，激动，骚动 | |
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83
gusts
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| 一阵强风( gust的名词复数 )； （怒、笑等的）爆发； （感情的）迸发； 发作 | |
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84
impaired
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| adj.受损的；出毛病的；有（身体或智力）缺陷的v.损害，削弱( impair的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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85
compensating
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| 补偿，补助，修正 | |
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86
splendor
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| n.光彩；壮丽，华丽；显赫，辉煌 | |
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87
discomforts
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| n.不舒适( discomfort的名词复数 )；不愉快，苦恼 | |
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88
ripple
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| n.涟波，涟漪，波纹，粗钢梳；vt.使...起涟漪，使起波纹； vi.呈波浪状，起伏前进 | |
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89
partially
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| adv.部分地，从某些方面讲 | |
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90
prospect
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| n.前景，前途；景色，视野 | |
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91
virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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92
zest
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| n.乐趣；滋味，风味；兴趣 | |
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93
bluff
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| v.虚张声势，用假象骗人；n.虚张声势，欺骗 | |
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94
foliage
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| n.叶子，树叶，簇叶 | |
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95
monotonous
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| adj.单调的，一成不变的，使人厌倦的 | |
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96
pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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97
vexed
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| adj.争论不休的；（指问题等）棘手的；争论不休的问题；烦恼的v.使烦恼( vex的过去式和过去分词 )；使苦恼；使生气；详细讨论 | |
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98
eddy
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| n.漩涡，涡流 | |
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99
cape
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| n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风 | |
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100
allied
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| adj.协约国的；同盟国的 | |
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101
discord
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| n.不和，意见不合，争论，（音乐）不和谐 | |
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102
evoke
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| vt.唤起，引起，使人想起 | |
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103
repartee
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| n.机敏的应答 | |
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104
expended
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| v.花费( expend的过去式和过去分词 )；使用（钱等）做某事；用光；耗尽 | |
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105
omens
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| n.前兆，预兆( omen的名词复数 ) | |
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106
proffered
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| v.提供，贡献，提出( proffer的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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107
steamship
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| n.汽船，轮船 | |
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108
plying
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| v.使用（工具）( ply的现在分词 )；经常供应（食物、饮料）；固定往来；经营生意 | |
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109
maritime
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| adj.海的，海事的，航海的，近海的，沿海的 | |
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110
eminent
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| adj.显赫的，杰出的，有名的，优良的 | |
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111
predilection
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| n.偏好 | |
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112
caustic
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| adj.刻薄的，腐蚀性的 | |
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113
acting
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| n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的 | |
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114
vagaries
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| n.奇想( vagary的名词复数 )；异想天开；异常行为；难以预测的情况 | |
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115
transit
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| n.经过，运输；vt.穿越，旋转；vi.越过 | |
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116
isthmus
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| n.地峡 | |
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117
whimsies
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| n.怪念头( whimsy的名词复数 )；异想天开；怪脾气；与众不同的幽默感 | |
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118
vein
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| n.血管，静脉；叶脉，纹理；情绪；vt.使成脉络 | |
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119
conjured
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| 用魔术变出( conjure的过去式和过去分词 )； 祈求，恳求； 变戏法； （变魔术般地） 使…出现 | |
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120
stimulating
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| adj.有启发性的，能激发人思考的 | |
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121
provocative
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| adj.挑衅的，煽动的，刺激的，挑逗的 | |
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122
simplicity
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| n.简单，简易；朴素；直率，单纯 | |
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123
rendering
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| n.表现，描写 | |
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124
vernacular
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| adj.地方的，用地方语写成的；n.白话；行话；本国语；动植物的俗名 | |
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125
heed
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| v.注意，留意；n.注意，留心 | |
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126
sustenance
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| n.食物，粮食；生活资料；生计 | |
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127
connived
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| v.密谋 ( connive的过去式和过去分词 )；搞阴谋；默许；纵容 | |
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128
derangement
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| n.精神错乱 | |
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129
chimerical
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| adj.荒诞不经的，梦幻的 | |
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130
peculiarities
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| n. 特质, 特性, 怪癖, 古怪 | |
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131
colloquial
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| adj.口语的，会话的 | |
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132
ecclesiastic
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| n.教士，基督教会；adj.神职者的，牧师的，教会的 | |
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133
Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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134
controvert
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| v.否定；否认 | |
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135
trove
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| n.被发现的东西，收藏的东西 | |
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136
lame
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| adj.跛的，(辩解、论据等)无说服力的 | |
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137
doctrine
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| n.教义；主义；学说 | |
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138
bestowed
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| 赠给，授予( bestow的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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139
brute
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| n.野兽，兽性 | |
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140
demonstration
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| n.表明，示范，论证，示威 | |
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141
omnivorously
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| adv.随手地 | |
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142
transgression
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| n.违背；犯规；罪过 | |
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143
innate
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| adj.天生的，固有的，天赋的 | |
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144
repentance
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| n.懊悔 | |
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145
transgressions
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| n.违反，违法，罪过( transgression的名词复数 ) | |
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146
adherence
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| n.信奉，依附，坚持，固着 | |
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147
vice
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| n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的 | |
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148
truthful
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| adj.真实的，说实话的，诚实的 | |
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149
vindication
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| n.洗冤，证实 | |
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150
vocation
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| n.职业，行业 | |
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151
instinctive
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| adj.(出于)本能的；直觉的；(出于)天性的 | |
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152
coalescence
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| n.合并，联合 | |
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153
beguilement
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| n.欺骗，散心，欺瞒 | |
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154
graceful
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| adj.优美的，优雅的；得体的 | |
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155
refinements
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| n.（生活）风雅；精炼( refinement的名词复数 )；改良品；细微的改良；优雅或高贵的动作 | |
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156
abeyance
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| n.搁置，缓办，中止，产权未定 | |
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157
adornment
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| n.装饰；装饰品 | |
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158
superstitious
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| adj.迷信的 | |
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159
salvation
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| n.（尤指基督）救世，超度，拯救，解困 | |
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160
blessings
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| n.（上帝的）祝福( blessing的名词复数 )；好事；福分；因祸得福 | |
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161
envious
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| adj.嫉妒的，羡慕的 | |
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162
brutal
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| adj.残忍的，野蛮的，不讲理的 | |
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163
softening
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| 变软，软化 | |
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164
asperities
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| n.粗暴( asperity的名词复数 )；（表面的）粗糙；（环境的）艰苦；严寒的天气 | |
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165
barbarians
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| n.野蛮人( barbarian的名词复数 )；外国人；粗野的人；无教养的人 | |
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166
usurped
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| 篡夺，霸占( usurp的过去式和过去分词 )； 盗用； 篡夺，篡权 | |
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167
primitive
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| adj.原始的；简单的；n.原(始)人，原始事物 | |
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168
lenient
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| adj.宽大的，仁慈的 | |
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169
rites
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| 仪式，典礼( rite的名词复数 ) | |
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170
cultivation
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| n.耕作，培养，栽培（法），养成 | |
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171
derive
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| v.取得；导出；引申；来自；源自；出自 | |
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172
derived
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| vi.起源；由来；衍生；导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取 | |
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173
corruptions
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| n.堕落( corruption的名词复数 )；腐化；腐败；贿赂 | |
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174
profane
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| adj.亵神的，亵渎的；vt.亵渎，玷污 | |
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175
beguiled
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| v.欺骗( beguile的过去式和过去分词 )；使陶醉；使高兴；消磨（时间等） | |
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176
abortive
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| adj.不成功的，发育不全的 | |
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177
perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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178
berth
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| n.卧铺，停泊地，锚位；v.使停泊 | |
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179
austere
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| adj.艰苦的；朴素的，朴实无华的；严峻的 | |
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180
appreciation
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| n.评价；欣赏；感谢；领会，理解；价格上涨 | |
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181
shafts
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| n.轴( shaft的名词复数 )；（箭、高尔夫球棒等的）杆；通风井；一阵（疼痛、害怕等） | |
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182
irony
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| n.反语，冷嘲；具有讽刺意味的事，嘲弄 | |
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183
disinterested
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| adj.不关心的，不感兴趣的 | |
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184
kindly
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| adj.和蔼的，温和的，爽快的；adv.温和地，亲切地 | |
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185
relish
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|
| n.滋味，享受，爱好，调味品；vt.加调味料，享受，品味；vi.有滋味 | |
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186
interfere
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| v.(in)干涉，干预；(with)妨碍，打扰 | |
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187
helping
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| n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的 | |
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188
forth
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| adv.向前；向外，往外 | |
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189
approbation
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| n.称赞；认可 | |
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190
overflow
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| v.(使)外溢，(使)溢出；溢出，流出，漫出 | |
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191
legitimate
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|
| adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法 | |
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192
narration
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| n.讲述，叙述；故事；记叙体 | |
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193
margins
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| 边( margin的名词复数 )； 利润； 页边空白； 差数 | |
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194
specimens
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| n.样品( specimen的名词复数 )；范例；（化验的）抽样；某种类型的人 | |
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195
receding
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|
| v.逐渐远离( recede的现在分词 )；向后倾斜；自原处后退或避开别人的注视；尤指问题 | |
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196
eddies
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| （水、烟等的）漩涡，涡流( eddy的名词复数 ) | |
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197
lodged
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| v.存放( lodge的过去式和过去分词 )；暂住；埋入；（权利、权威等）归属 | |
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198
lesser
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|
| adj.次要的，较小的；adv.较小地，较少地 | |
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199
moored
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| adj. 系泊的 动词moor的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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200
deriving
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| v.得到( derive的现在分词 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取 | |
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201
actively
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| adv.积极地，勤奋地 | |
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202
simultaneously
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| adv.同时发生地，同时进行地 | |
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203
ambush
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| n.埋伏(地点)；伏兵；v.埋伏；伏击 | |
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204
trepidation
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| n.惊恐，惶恐 | |
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205
unearth
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| v.发掘，掘出，从洞中赶出 | |
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206
screech
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| n./v.尖叫；(发出)刺耳的声音 | |
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207
scramble
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| v.爬行，攀爬，杂乱蔓延，碎片，片段，废料 | |
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208
shriek
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| v./n.尖叫，叫喊 | |
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209
concealment
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| n.隐藏, 掩盖，隐瞒 | |
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210
intimidated
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| v.恐吓；威胁adj.害怕的；受到威胁的 | |
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211
rumbling
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| n. 隆隆声, 辘辘声 adj. 隆隆响的 动词rumble的现在分词 | |
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212
steward
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| n.乘务员，服务员；看管人；膳食管理员 | |
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213
momentary
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| adj.片刻的，瞬息的；短暂的 | |
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214
overture
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| n.前奏曲、序曲，提议，提案，初步交涉 | |
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215
whoop
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| n.大叫，呐喊，喘息声；v.叫喊，喘息 | |
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216
defiance
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| n.挑战，挑衅，蔑视，违抗 | |
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217
coveted
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| adj.令人垂涎的；垂涎的，梦寐以求的v.贪求，觊觎(covet的过去分词)；垂涎；贪图 | |
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218
jack
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| n.插座，千斤顶，男人；v.抬起，提醒，扛举；n.（Jake）杰克 | |
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219
outright
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| adv.坦率地；彻底地；立即；adj.无疑的；彻底的 | |
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220
infliction
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| n.（强加于人身的）痛苦，刑罚 | |
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221
bloody
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| adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染 | |
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222
proceeding
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| n.行动，进行，(pl.)会议录，学报 | |
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223
thicket
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| n.灌木丛，树林 | |
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224
severely
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| adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地 | |
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225
stanched
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| v.使（伤口）止血( stanch的过去式 )；止（血）；使不漏；使不流失 | |
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226
tenacity
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| n.坚韧 | |
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227
penetrate
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| v.透(渗)入；刺入，刺穿；洞察，了解 | |
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228
oozed
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| v.（浓液等）慢慢地冒出，渗出( ooze的过去式和过去分词 )；使（液体）缓缓流出；（浓液）渗出，慢慢流出 | |
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229
dreaded
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|
| adj.令人畏惧的；害怕的v.害怕，恐惧，担心( dread的过去式和过去分词) | |
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230
inoculation
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| n.接芽；预防接种 | |
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231
penetrated
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| adj. 击穿的，鞭辟入里的 动词penetrate的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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232
preservation
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| n.保护，维护，保存，保留，保持 | |
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233
tractable
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| adj.易驾驭的；温顺的 | |
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234
defiant
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| adj.无礼的，挑战的 | |
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235
repelled
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| v.击退( repel的过去式和过去分词 )；使厌恶；排斥；推开 | |
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236
overtures
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| n.主动的表示，提议；（向某人做出的）友好表示、姿态或提议( overture的名词复数 )；（歌剧、芭蕾舞、音乐剧等的）序曲，前奏曲 | |
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237
ferocious
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| adj.凶猛的，残暴的，极度的，十分强烈的 | |
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238
futile
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| adj.无效的，无用的，无希望的 | |
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239
docility
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| n.容易教，易驾驶，驯服 | |
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240
subserviency
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| n.有用，裨益 | |
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241
parental
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| adj.父母的；父的；母的 | |
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242
shackling
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| 给（某人）带上手铐或脚镣( shackle的现在分词 ) | |
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243
guardianship
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| n. 监护, 保护, 守护 | |
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244
alligators
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| n.短吻鳄( alligator的名词复数 ) | |
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245
defuncts
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| n.死者，死人（defunct的复数形式） | |
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246
specialty
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| n.(speciality)特性，特质；专业，专长 | |
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247
elastic
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| n.橡皮圈，松紧带；adj.有弹性的；灵活的 | |
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248
benign
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| adj.善良的，慈祥的；良性的，无危险的 | |
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249
temperate
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| adj.温和的，温带的，自我克制的，不过分的 | |
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250
stimulant
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| n.刺激物，兴奋剂 | |
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251
perspiration
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| n.汗水；出汗 | |
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252
undertaking
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| n.保证，许诺，事业 | |
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253
saturation
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| n.饱和(状态)；浸透 | |
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254
aggravation
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| n.烦恼，恼火 | |
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255
benevolence
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| n.慈悲，捐助 | |
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256
extricate
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| v.拯救，救出；解脱 | |
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257
fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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258
investigation
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| n.调查，调查研究 | |
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259
extorted
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| v.敲诈( extort的过去式和过去分词 )；曲解 | |
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260
inquiry
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| n.打听，询问，调查，查问 | |
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261
laconic
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| adj.简洁的；精练的 | |
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262
deserted
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| adj.荒芜的，荒废的，无人的，被遗弃的 | |
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263
oblivious
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| adj.易忘的，遗忘的，忘却的，健忘的 | |
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264
consigned
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| v.把…置于（令人不快的境地）( consign的过去式和过去分词 )；把…托付给；把…托人代售；丟弃 | |
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265
remonstrance
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| n抗议，抱怨 | |
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266
miasmic
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| adj.瘴气的；有害的 | |
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267
converging
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| adj.收敛[缩]的，会聚的，趋同的v.（线条、运动的物体等）会于一点( converge的现在分词 )；（趋于）相似或相同；人或车辆汇集；聚集 | |
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268
hilarity
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| n.欢乐；热闹 | |
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269
amazement
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| n.惊奇，惊讶 | |
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270
precluded
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| v.阻止( preclude的过去式和过去分词 )；排除；妨碍；使…行不通 | |
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271
gathering
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| n.集会，聚会，聚集 | |
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272
tangible
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| adj.有形的，可触摸的，确凿的，实际的 | |
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273
banished
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| v.放逐，驱逐( banish的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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