It was not until after we had partaken of a hearty3 supper and produced our pipes, that the lively hum of conversation and the occasional careless laughter indicated the elastic4 temperament5 of some of the hardy6, light-hearted, if not light-headed, “boys,” while in camp. The guard was duly detailed7, and the signal given to turn in, but not authoritatively8; and tired as we were, many of us sat quite late around the camp-fires on that evening. The excitements and disappointments of our recent excursion did not prove to be promoters of sleep; some of us were too tired to sleep until we had somewhat rested from our unusual fatigue9. The events of the day—the true method of subduing10 Indians, and the probable results of the plans proposed by Captain Boling for future operations in this vicinity, were the general topics of conversation among the different groups. This general inclination11 to discuss the “peace policy” of the commissioners12 and the plans of our officers, did not arise from anything like a mutinous13 disposition14, nor from any motives15 having in view the least opposition16 to any of the measures connected with the campaign in which we were then engaged. 124
We had expected that this tribe would resist our invasion of their territory and show fight. In this we had been disappointed. The self-confident and experienced mountain men, and the ex-rangers from the Texan plains, felt annoyed that these Indians had escaped when almost within range of our rifles. Our feelings—as a military organization—were irritated by the successful manner in which they had eluded18 our pursuit, and thrown us from their trail. We had been outwitted by these ignorant Indians; but as individuals, no one seemed inclined to acknowledge it; our lack of success was attributed to the restraints imposed on the free movements of our organization by orders of the commissioners. Although none designed to censure19 our Captain for his failure, the free speech intimations, that we might have been successful, if Major Savage20 had remained to aid us with his knowledge, was not soothing to the Captain’s already wounded pride. The popularity of Captain Boling was not affected21 by our camp-fire discussion. Had a charge, or intimation even, been made by any one of incapacity or neglect of duty in our free expressions, the personal safety of the individual would have been immediately endangered; although no excess of modesty23 was observed in expressing opinions. Lieut. Chandler was at our own fire, and our officers talked over the solution of the enigma24 in a quiet conversational25 tone. The usual cheerful countenance26 of the Captain had a more serious expression. His attention was as much attracted to the groups around us, as to the remarks of Lt. Chandler.
The energetic Lieutenant27 was our most rigid28 disciplinarian when on duty. His fearless impetuosity in the execution of all his duties, made him a favorite with the more reckless spirits; his blunt and earnest manner excited their admiration29; for, though possessed30 of a sublime31 egotism, he was entirely32 free from arrogance33. Instead of his usual cheerful 125 and agreeable conversation, he was almost morosely34 taciturn; he refilled his capacious mouth with choice Virginia, and settled back against the wood-pile. After listening to us for a while, he said: “I am heartily35 sick of this Quaker-style of subduing Indians. So far,—since our muster-in—we have had plenty of hard work and rough experience, with no honor or profit attending it all. We might as well be armed with clubs like any other police.” There was none in our group disposed to dispute the assertion of Chandler. As a body, we were anxiously desirous of bringing the Indian troubles to a close as soon as it could be practically accomplished36. Many of us had suffered pecuniarily37 from the depredations38 of these Mountain tribes, and had volunteered to aid in subduing them, that we might be able to resume our mining operations in peace. Many of us had left our own profitable private business to engage in these campaigns for the public good, expecting that a vigorous prosecution40 of the war would soon bring it to a close. I will here say that some sensational41 newspaper correspondents took it upon themselves to condemn42 this effort made by the settlers to control these mountain tribes, which had become so dangerous; charging the settlers with having excited a war, and to have involved the government in an unneccessary expense, for the purpose of reaping pecuniary43 benefits; and that our battalion44 had been organized to afford occupation to adventurous45 idlers, for the pay afforded. Knowing the ignorance that obtains in regard to real Indian character, and the mistaken philanthropy that would excuse and probably even protect and lionize murderers, because they were Indians; but little attention was at first paid to these falsely slanderous46 articles, until one was published, so personally offensive, and with such a false basis of statement, that Captain Boling felt it his duty to call for the name of its author. His name was given by 126 the editor of the paper on a formal demand being made. The Captain then intimated through a friend, that a public retraction47 of the article was desirable. In due time, the Captain received a very satisfactory apology, and a slip of a published retraction of the offensive correspondence. The investigation48 developed the fact that the writer—who was an Eastern philanthropist—had been played upon by certain parties in Stockton, who had failed to get the contract to supply the battalion.
At an adjoining fire a long-haired Texan was ventilating his professed49 experience in the management of Indians “down thar.” Observing that Captain Boling was within hearing of his criticism, he turned, and without any intentional50 disrespect, said: “Cap., you orter a let me plunk it to one o’ them red skins up in the ca?on thar. I’d a bin51 good for one, sure; and if I’d a had my way o’ treatin’ with Injuns, Cap., I reckon I’d a made a few o’ them squawk by this time.”
Captain Boling was suffering from his bruises52 and sprained53 wrist, and he evidently was not pleased to hear these liberal criticisms, but knowing the element by which he was surrounded, he did not forget the policy of conciliating it in order to prevent any feelings of discontent from arising so soon after having assumed full command. He therefore quickly replied: “I have no especial regard for these Chow-chillas; you are probably aware of that, Jack; but the orders and instructions of the Commissioners will have to be disregarded if we shoot them down at sight. It would have been almost like deliberate murder to have killed those naked Indians to-day, because, Jack, you know just what you can do with that rifle of yours. If you had fired you knew you was sure to kill; but the Indians did not know the danger there was in coming inside your range. It was lucky for the cowards that you did not shoot.” This allusion54 127 to the Texan’s skill with his rifle disposed of the subject as far as he was concerned, for he “turned in,” while a broad grin showed his satisfaction as he replied, “I reckon you’re about on the right trail now, Cap,” and disappeared under his blanket.
Captain Boling sat for some time apparently55 watching the blazing logs before him. He took no part in the discussion of Indian affairs, which continued to be the engrossing56 subject among the wakeful ones, whose numbers gradually diminished until Spencer and one or two others beside myself only remained at our fire. The Captain then said: “I do not despair of success in causing this tribe to make peace, although I cannot see any very flattering prospects57 of our being able to corral them, or force an immediate22 surrender. They do not seem inclined to fight us, and we cannot follow them among the rocks in those almost impassable ca?ons with any probability of taking them. Bare-footed they rapidly pass without danger over slippery rocks that we, leather-shod, can only pass at the peril58 of our lives. My mishap59 of to-day is but a single illustration of many that would follow were we to attempt to chase them along the dizzy heights they pass over. Being lightly clad, or not at all, they swim the river to and fro at will, and thus render futile60 any attempt to pursue them up the river, unless we divide the force and beat up on both sides at the same time. I have thought this matter over, and have reached the conclusion that, unless some lucky accident throws them into our hands, I see but one course to pursue, and that is to destroy their camps and supplies, and then return to head-quarters.”
After having had the bandages arranged on his swollen61 arm he bade us good night, and sought such repose62 as his bruised63 limbs and disappointed ambition would permit. Having ended our discussions, we came to the sage64 conclusion 128 that Captain Boling was in command, and duty required our obedience65 to his orders. Satisfied with this decision, we readily dropped off to sleep.
The next morning the usual jocular hilarity66 seemed to prevail in camp. A refreshing67 slumber68 had seemingly given renewed vigor39 to the tired explorers of the rough trail up the ca?on. The camp guard assigned to duty at “our ferry” were on duty during the night, so that the breakfast call was promptly69 responded to with appetites unimpaired. Captain Boling’s arm was dressed and found to be somewhat improved in appearance, though very sore. He would not consent to remain in camp, and ordered his horse to be saddled after breakfast. Before the morning sun had risen we were in our saddles, endeavoring to explore the region north of the San Joaquin. Small detachments were detailed from both companies to explore, on foot, up the South Fork, and the territory adjacent. Upon the return of this command, their report showed that quite a large number of Indians had passed over that stream, though none were seen. A considerable supply of acorns70 was found and destroyed by this expedition; but after they left the oak table-land, near the fork, they reported the country to the east to be about as forbidding as that on the main river. Captain Boling detailed a few footmen to scatter72 over the country on the north side, to burn any cachés they might find, while we on horseback swept farther north, towards the Black Ridge73. We found the soil soft and yielding, and in places it was with difficulty that our weak, grass-fed animals could pass over the water-soaked land, even after we had dismounted. I thought this boggy74 ground, hard enough later in the season, another obstacle to a successful pursuit, and so expressed myself to the Captain. I told him that in ’49 I stayed over night with Mr. Livermore of the Livermore Pass, and that now I fully75 comprehended why he thought the mountain 129 tribes could not be entirely subdued76, because, as he said, “they will not fight except sure of victory, and cannot be caught.”
Mr. Livermore said he had followed up several raiding parties of Indians who were driving off stock they had stolen from the Ranchos, but only upon one occasion did they make a bold stand, when his party was driven back, overcome by numbers. Captain Boling was silent for some time, and then said: “Perhaps after all I have done these Indians injustice77 in calling them cowards; probably they feel that they are not called upon to fight and lose any of their braves, when by strategy they can foil and elude17 us. Human nature is about alike in war as in other things; it is governed by what it conceives to be its interest.”
CACHES OR INDIAN ACORN71 STOREHOUSES.
There were in the country we passed over, some beautiful mountain meadows and most luxuriant forests, and some of the sloping table lands looked like the ornamental78 parks of an extensive domain79. These oak-clad tables and ridges80, were the harvest fields of the San Joaquin Indians, and in their vicinity we found an occasional group of deserted81 huts. These, with their adjacent supplies of acorns, were at once given to the flames. The acorns found and destroyed by the scouting82 parties, were variously estimated at from eight hundred to one thousand 130 bushels; beside the supply of Pi?on pine-nuts and other supplies hoarded83 for future use. The pine-nuts were not all destroyed by fire; most of them were confiscated84, and served as a dessert to many a roast.
From the total amount of acorns estimated to have been destroyed, their supplies were comparatively small, or the number of Indians on the San Joaquin had been, as in other localities, vastly overrated. Our search was thoroughly85 made—the explorations from day to day, extending from our camps over the whole country to an altitude above the growth of the oaks. During these expeditions, not an Indian was seen after those noticed on the upper San Joaquin; but fresh signs were often discovered and followed, only to be traced to the rocky ca?ons above where, like deceptive86 “ignes fatui,” they disappeared.
Being allowed the largest liberty as surgeon to the expedition, I had ample time to examine the various things found in their camps, and obtain from Sandino all the information I could concerning them. The stone arrow-heads and their manufacture, especially interested me. I found considerable quantities of the crude material from which they were made, with many other articles brought from other localities, such as resin87, feathers, skins, pumice-stone, salt, etc., used in the manufacture of their implements88 of war, and for the chase as well as for domestic uses.
At this time but few guns were in the possession of these mountain tribes. Their chief weapons of war and for the chase were bows and arrows. With these they were very expert at short range, and to make their weapons effective were disposed to lay in ambush89 in war, and upon the trails of their game. Their bows were made from a species of yew90 peculiar91 to the West, from cedar92 and from a spinated evergreen93 tree, rare in Southern California, which, for want of scientific classification, I gave the name of “nutmeg 131 pine.” It bears a nut resembling in general appearance that agreeable spice, while the covering or pulpy94 shell looks very much like mace95. The nut is, however, strongly impregnated with resin. The leaves are long, hard, and so sharp that the points will pierce the flesh like sharp steel. The wood is stronger and more elastic than either the yew, cedar or fir. It is susceptible96 of a fine polish. I made a discovery of a small cluster of this species of tree at the foot of the cascades97 in the ca?on, two miles below the Yosemite valley, while engaged in a survey of that locality.12
The shafts98 of their arrows are made of reeds, and from different species of wood, but the choicest are made of what is called Indian arrow-wood (Le Hamite). This wood is only found in dark ravines and deep rocky ca?ons in the mountains, as it seems to require dampness and shade. Its scarcity100 makes the young shoots of a proper growth a very valuable article of barter101 between the mountain tribes and those of the valleys and plains. A locality in the Yosemite valley once famous for its supply of this arrow-wood, was the ravine called by the Yosemites “Le Hamite,” (as we might say “the oaks,” or “the pines,”) but which is now designated as “Indian Ca?on.”
Their arrow-shafts are first suitably shaped, and then polished between pieces of pumice stone. This stone was also used in fashioning and polishing their bows, spear-shafts and war clubs. Pumice stone is found in abundance in the volcanic102 regions of California and Oregon, and east of the Sierra Nevada. The quality of the best observed by me, was much finer and lighter103 than that seen in the shops as an article of commerce. The arrow heads are secured to the shaft99 by threads of sinew, and a species of cement used 132 for that and other purposes. The arrow-heads made and in most common use by the California Indians, as well as by many other tribes in the mountain ranges of the West and Southwest, are of the same shape and general appearance, and of similar material, with the exception of obsidian104 and old junk bottles, as the arrow heads found in all parts of the United States. They have been generally supposed to have been made and used by the pre-historic races that once inhabited this continent. The bow and arrows were in common use by the aborigines when America was first discovered, and their use has been continued to the present time among the tribes whose limited territories were not to any extent intruded105 upon by the whites.
The Indians of California, unlike those of Southern Mexico and South America, who use the woorara (strychnos toxifera), poison their arrow-heads with the poison of the rattlesnake. Some animal’s liver is saturated106 with the poison and left until it reaches a state of thorough decomposition107, when the barbs108 are plunged109 into the festering mass, withdrawn110 and dried. The gelatinous condition of the liver causes the poison to adhere to the stone, and the strength of the poison is thus preserved for some days. Only those arrow-heads that are inserted into a socket111, and held in place by cement, are thus poisoned. These are easily detached after striking an object (the concussion112 shattering the cement, and the play of the shaft loosening the barb), and are left to rankle113 in the wound.
According to Russio, however, this practice is now seldom resorted to, except in revenge for some great or fancied injury, or by the more malignant114 of a tribe, Indian policy seeming to discountenance a former custom.
The introduction of fire arms among them, has been from the frontiers of civilization. The “flint,” or more properly cherty rock, when first quarried115, is brittle116 and readily split 133 and broken into the desired shapes required, even with the rude implements used by the Indians; though it is not probable that any but themselves could use them, as considerable skill seems to be required. The tool commonly used in the manufacture of arrow-heads, is a species of hammer or pick, made by fastening the sharp prong of a deer’s horn to a long stick.
With these instruments of various sizes laminated pieces of rock are separated, such as slate117, with quartz118 in filtrations, and scales are chipped from rocks, volcanic and other glass, with a skill that challenges admiration. Stone hammers, or pieces of hard stone, were secured by withes and used in some of the processes of flaking119; and I have been assured that steel implements have been stolen from the miners and used for the same purpose, but I never saw them used. Arrow-heads were found, made from bones, from chert, obsidian or volcanic glass, and even old junk bottles, obtained for the purpose, during their gushing120 days, from the deserted camps of the libative miners.
The most approved fire-arms are now found among many of the western tribes, where but a few years ago bows and arrows were in common use. Although these hereditary121 implements of war and of the chase are almost wholly discarded, occasionally an old-fashioned Indian may be seen, armed with his bow and arrows, his fire-stick a foot long, occupying the hole punctured122 in the lobe123 of one ear, and his reed-pipe filling the like position in the other, while his skunk-skin pouch124 contained his kin-ne-kin-nick, a piece of spunk125 and dry charred126 cedar, on which a light was obtained by rapid friction127 with his fire-stick. This method of procuring128 fire, has, even among the Indians, been superseded129 by the flint and steel, and they in turn by the labor-saving friction matches.
I have, however, recently witnessed the process of lighting130 134 a fire by this primitive131 process, among the priests of the Winnebago and other eastern tribes, who still use and preserve the fire-stick in making fire for their sacred rites132, during which they chant in a traditionary Indian dead language, an interpretation133 of which they do not pretend they are able to make. The priests told me that bad spirits would interfere134 with their ministrations if they did not preserve the customs of their fathers, and that the dead language made their ceremonies all the more impressive and awe-inspiring to their auditors135.
During our explorations up the San Joaquin and branches, the rapidly melting snow on the mountains above flooded the streams which we were required to cross in our excursions, and we were often compelled from this cause to leave our horses and proceed on foot; hence our work was toilsome and slow.
FIRE STICK AS USED.
As soon as Captain Boling was satisfied that we had accomplished, in this locality, all that could be expected of his command, we started for head-quarters. The route selected for our return was by way of “Fine Gold Gulch,” and down the San Joaquin to a camp opposite the site of Fort Miller136, that was about being established for the protection of the settlers. This was done upon recommendation of the commissioners.
点击
收听单词发音
收听单词发音 |
1
jack
|
|
| n.插座，千斤顶，男人；v.抬起，提醒，扛举；n.（Jake）杰克 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
2
soothing
|
|
| adj.慰藉的；使人宽心的；镇静的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
3
hearty
|
|
| adj.热情友好的；衷心的；尽情的，纵情的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
4
elastic
|
|
| n.橡皮圈，松紧带；adj.有弹性的；灵活的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
5
temperament
|
|
| n.气质，性格，性情 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
6
hardy
|
|
| adj.勇敢的，果断的，吃苦的；耐寒的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
7
detailed
|
|
| adj.详细的，详尽的，极注意细节的，完全的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
8
authoritatively
|
|
| 命令式地，有权威地，可信地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
9
fatigue
|
|
| n.疲劳，劳累 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
10
subduing
|
|
| 征服( subdue的现在分词 )； 克制； 制服； 色变暗 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
11
inclination
|
|
| n.倾斜；点头；弯腰；斜坡；倾度；倾向；爱好 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
12
commissioners
|
|
| n.专员( commissioner的名词复数 )；长官；委员；政府部门的长官 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
13
mutinous
|
|
| adj.叛变的，反抗的；adv.反抗地，叛变地；n.反抗，叛变 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
14
disposition
|
|
| n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
15
motives
|
|
| n.动机，目的( motive的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
16
opposition
|
|
| n.反对，敌对 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
17
elude
|
|
| v.躲避，困惑 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
18
eluded
|
|
| v.（尤指机敏地）避开( elude的过去式和过去分词 )；逃避；躲避；使达不到 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
19
censure
|
|
| v./n.责备；非难；责难 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
20
savage
|
|
| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
21
affected
|
|
| adj.不自然的，假装的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
22
immediate
|
|
| adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
23
modesty
|
|
| n.谦逊，虚心，端庄，稳重，羞怯，朴素 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
24
enigma
|
|
| n.谜，谜一样的人或事 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
25
conversational
|
|
| adj.对话的，会话的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
26
countenance
|
|
| n.脸色，面容；面部表情；vt.支持，赞同 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
27
lieutenant
|
|
| n.陆军中尉，海军上尉；代理官员，副职官员 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
28
rigid
|
|
| adj.严格的，死板的；刚硬的，僵硬的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
29
admiration
|
|
| n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
30
possessed
|
|
| adj.疯狂的；拥有的，占有的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
31
sublime
|
|
| adj.崇高的，伟大的；极度的，不顾后果的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
32
entirely
|
|
| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
33
arrogance
|
|
| n.傲慢，自大 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
34
morosely
|
|
| adv.愁眉苦脸地，忧郁地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
35
heartily
|
|
| adv.衷心地，诚恳地，十分，很 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
36
accomplished
|
|
| adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
37
pecuniarily
|
|
| adv.在金钱上，在金钱方面 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
|
38
depredations
|
|
| n.劫掠，毁坏( depredation的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
39
vigor
|
|
| n.活力，精力，元气 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
40
prosecution
|
|
| n.起诉，告发，检举，执行，经营 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
41
sensational
|
|
| adj.使人感动的，非常好的，轰动的，耸人听闻的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
42
condemn
|
|
| vt.谴责，指责；宣判(罪犯)，判刑 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
43
pecuniary
|
|
| adj.金钱的；金钱上的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
44
battalion
|
|
| n.营；部队；大队(的人) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
45
adventurous
|
|
| adj.爱冒险的；惊心动魄的，惊险的，刺激的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
46
slanderous
|
|
| adj.诽谤的，中伤的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
47
retraction
|
|
| n.撤消；收回 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
48
investigation
|
|
| n.调查，调查研究 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
49
professed
|
|
| 公开声称的，伪称的，已立誓信教的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
50
intentional
|
|
| adj.故意的，有意（识）的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
51
bin
|
|
| n.箱柜；vt.放入箱内；[计算机] DOS文件名:二进制目标文件 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
52
bruises
|
|
| n.瘀伤，伤痕，擦伤( bruise的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
53
sprained
|
|
| v.&n. 扭伤 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
54
allusion
|
|
| n.暗示，间接提示 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
55
apparently
|
|
| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
56
engrossing
|
|
| adj.使人全神贯注的，引人入胜的v.使全神贯注( engross的现在分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
57
prospects
|
|
| n.希望，前途(恒为复数) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
58
peril
|
|
| n.(严重的)危险；危险的事物 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
59
mishap
|
|
| n.不幸的事，不幸；灾祸 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
60
futile
|
|
| adj.无效的，无用的，无希望的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
61
swollen
|
|
| adj.肿大的，水涨的；v.使变大，肿胀 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
62
repose
|
|
| v.(使)休息；n.安息 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
63
bruised
|
|
| [医]青肿的，瘀紫的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
64
sage
|
|
| n.圣人，哲人；adj.贤明的，明智的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
65
obedience
|
|
| n.服从，顺从 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
66
hilarity
|
|
| n.欢乐；热闹 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
67
refreshing
|
|
| adj.使精神振作的，使人清爽的，使人喜欢的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
68
slumber
|
|
| n.睡眠，沉睡状态 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
69
promptly
|
|
| adv.及时地，敏捷地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
70
acorns
|
|
| n.橡子，栎实( acorn的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
71
acorn
|
|
| n.橡实，橡子 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
72
scatter
|
|
| vt.撒，驱散，散开；散布/播；vi.分散，消散 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
73
ridge
|
|
| n.山脊；鼻梁；分水岭 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
74
boggy
|
|
| adj.沼泽多的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
75
fully
|
|
| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
76
subdued
|
|
| adj. 屈服的，柔和的，减弱的 动词subdue的过去式和过去分词 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
77
injustice
|
|
| n.非正义，不公正，不公平，侵犯（别人的）权利 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
78
ornamental
|
|
| adj.装饰的；作装饰用的；n.装饰品；观赏植物 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
79
domain
|
|
| n.(活动等)领域，范围；领地，势力范围 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
80
ridges
|
|
| n.脊( ridge的名词复数 )；山脊；脊状突起；大气层的)高压脊 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
81
deserted
|
|
| adj.荒芜的，荒废的，无人的，被遗弃的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
82
scouting
|
|
| 守候活动，童子军的活动 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
83
hoarded
|
|
| v.积蓄并储藏（某物）( hoard的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
84
confiscated
|
|
| 没收，充公( confiscate的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
85
thoroughly
|
|
| adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
86
deceptive
|
|
| adj.骗人的，造成假象的，靠不住的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
87
resin
|
|
| n.树脂，松香，树脂制品；vt.涂树脂 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
88
implements
|
|
| n.工具( implement的名词复数 )；家具；手段；[法律]履行（契约等）v.实现( implement的第三人称单数 )；执行；贯彻；使生效 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
89
ambush
|
|
| n.埋伏(地点)；伏兵；v.埋伏；伏击 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
90
yew
|
|
| n.紫杉属树木 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
91
peculiar
|
|
| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
92
cedar
|
|
| n.雪松，香柏(木) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
93
evergreen
|
|
| n.常青树；adj.四季常青的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
94
pulpy
|
|
| 果肉状的，多汁的，柔软的； 烂糊； 稀烂 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
95
mace
|
|
| n.狼牙棒，豆蔻干皮 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
96
susceptible
|
|
| adj.过敏的，敏感的；易动感情的，易受感动的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
97
cascades
|
|
| 倾泻( cascade的名词复数 )； 小瀑布（尤指一连串瀑布中的一支）； 瀑布状物； 倾泻（或涌出）的东西 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
98
shafts
|
|
| n.轴( shaft的名词复数 )；（箭、高尔夫球棒等的）杆；通风井；一阵（疼痛、害怕等） | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
99
shaft
|
|
| n.(工具的)柄，杆状物 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
100
scarcity
|
|
| n.缺乏，不足，萧条 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
101
barter
|
|
| n.物物交换，以货易货，实物交易 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
102
volcanic
|
|
| adj.火山的；象火山的；由火山引起的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
103
lighter
|
|
| n.打火机，点火器；驳船；v.用驳船运送；light的比较级 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
104
obsidian
|
|
| n.黑曜石 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
105
intruded
|
|
| n.侵入的，推进的v.侵入，侵扰，打扰( intrude的过去式和过去分词 )；把…强加于 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
106
saturated
|
|
| a.饱和的，充满的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
107
decomposition
|
|
| n. 分解, 腐烂, 崩溃 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
108
barbs
|
|
| n.（箭头、鱼钩等的）倒钩( barb的名词复数 )；带刺的话；毕露的锋芒；钩状毛 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
109
plunged
|
|
| v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
110
withdrawn
|
|
| vt.收回；使退出；vi.撤退，退出 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
111
socket
|
|
| n.窝，穴，孔，插座，插口 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
112
concussion
|
|
| n.脑震荡；震动 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
113
rankle
|
|
| v.（怨恨，失望等）难以释怀 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
114
malignant
|
|
| adj.恶性的，致命的；恶意的，恶毒的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
115
quarried
|
|
| v.从采石场采得( quarry的过去式和过去分词 )；从（书本等中）努力发掘（资料等）；在采石场采石 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
116
brittle
|
|
| adj.易碎的；脆弱的；冷淡的；(声音)尖利的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
117
slate
|
|
| n.板岩，石板，石片，石板色，候选人名单；adj.暗蓝灰色的，含板岩的；vt.用石板覆盖，痛打，提名，预订 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
118
quartz
|
|
| n.石英 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
119
flaking
|
|
| 刨成片，压成片； 盘网 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
120
gushing
|
|
| adj.迸出的；涌出的；喷出的；过分热情的v.喷，涌( gush的现在分词 )；滔滔不绝地说话 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
121
hereditary
|
|
| adj.遗传的，遗传性的，可继承的，世袭的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
122
punctured
|
|
| v.在（某物）上穿孔( puncture的过去式和过去分词 )；刺穿（某物）；削弱（某人的傲气、信心等）；泄某人的气 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
123
lobe
|
|
| n.耳垂，（肺，肝等的）叶 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
124
pouch
|
|
| n.小袋，小包，囊状袋；vt.装...入袋中，用袋运输；vi.用袋送信件 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
125
spunk
|
|
| n.勇气，胆量 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
126
charred
|
|
| v.把…烧成炭( char的过去式)；烧焦 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
127
friction
|
|
| n.摩擦，摩擦力 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
128
procuring
|
|
| v.（努力）取得， （设法）获得( procure的现在分词 )；拉皮条 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
129
superseded
|
|
| [医]被代替的，废弃的 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
130
lighting
|
|
| n.照明，光线的明暗，舞台灯光 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
131
primitive
|
|
| adj.原始的；简单的；n.原(始)人，原始事物 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
132
rites
|
|
| 仪式，典礼( rite的名词复数 ) | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
133
interpretation
|
|
| n.解释，说明，描述；艺术处理 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
134
interfere
|
|
| v.(in)干涉，干预；(with)妨碍，打扰 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
135
auditors
|
|
| n.审计员，稽核员( auditor的名词复数 )；（大学课程的）旁听生 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
|
136
miller
|
|
| n.磨坊主 | |
参考例句： |
|
|
|
| 欢迎访问英文小说网 |