They lead me to my cell and the iron doors clang behind me. A deep sigh of relief escapes me. The terrific mental strain of the last ten months, the long and sleepless3 nights of vigil, the knowledge of impending4 danger, have been blown away like an unhealthy mist, and I feel calm, secure, safely barred beyond the reach of the Mexican Czar's sicarii and thugs.
The necessary things for comfort are sent by kind friends, and I inspect my future abode6.
The cell is spacious7, enclosed on three sides by solid steel; air, light and ventilation come through the bars; two iron beds are [Pg 6]attached to chains on one side and let down at night; there is running water for washing, drinking and sanitary8 purposes. An electric bulb and a small wooden bench complete the furniture.
The first thing in the morning I make the acquaintance of a prisoner who eagerly offers to become my guide and monitor.
We walk around the spacious corridor which surrounds the prison proper like an ellipse, and by a connecting gallery cuts it in half like number 8. Three tiers of steel cages go up to the ceiling and can be observed by standing9 close to the wall opposite our cells.
The men in the tiers above us walk around, some one way, others the opposite, like restless animals in captivity10. Some young prisoners hang on to the bars and make faces at us downstairs, reminding us of monkeys in a gigantic cage.
Side by side with tough "mugs" and [Pg 7]countenances worthy11 of the gallows12, we notice the apparently13 refined and well-mannered aristocrats14 of crime, dissipated looking boys, confidence men in pious15 demeanour, election repeaters, dandified "cadets" and "sissies." There are also sturdy looking laborers16, a few black handers, a tramp or two, several negroes, two Chinamen.
A chauffeur18 with leggings, cap and automobile19 suit, tramps around with a dapper young pickpocket20. They shout, laugh, talk, sing, whistle; and above all is heard the shuffling21 of several hundred feet walking, walking unceasingly.
A look upward to the superposed steel cages suggests their similarity to the circles in Dante's Inferno22; the picture is completed by comparing my mentor23 to Virgil, but the sarcasm24 is lost on him, as he is only a very prosaic25 forger26.
He informs me that the circle above contains the murderers, awaiting trial; higher up those on charges of grand larceny27; and[Pg 8] then follow the petty larceny men, and so on.
We who are on the ground floor have more walking space than those above us. The side walls have four rows of barred windows which give poor ventilation and poorer light. The air has a pungent28, mouldy smell. The rumbling29 noise of the city traffic on the Centre Street side is heard plainly through the din5 in the prison.
My companion is a voluble and incessant30 gossip; his knowledge of jails, penitentiaries31, and court procedure is amazing; he is a perfect walking prison encyclopedia32. Nearly forty years old, he has passed twenty years behind the bars, either in Sing Sing, the Island Penitentiary33 or the Tombs. Very pale, clean shaven, rather plump, he speaks in a harsh whisper which gives a disagreeable impression of his uncanny knowledge; when he inquires or talks about the outside world he is like a child seeking knowledge about a strange, far-away land.
[Pg 9]
My next door neighbor is a southerner. He shot a man who cheated him out of all his money, and he spent several months in Sing Sing; now he has been brought back to the Tombs for retrial. Dark, with passionate35 eyes, black hair and sallow complexion36, thin, calm, deliberate in manner and speech, he tells me of his case, and what led to his murderous assault, which he claims was done in self-defense. When I asked if he was resigned to return to Sing Sing, he answered with gleaming eyes: "I'll kill myself before I'll go back to that hell hole."
I
As we are forbidden to keep knives or razors in our possession, those who require a daily shave climb to the circle above to the barber shop.
On the waiting line there is a familiar face, a young man who had been a waiter in a Broadway café. He has not lost his red[Pg 10] cheeks and boyish manner while awaiting trial on the charge of seduction.
Those who can afford it and cannot eat the common prison fare have their meals ordered from outside restaurants. A young man with a capacious basket offers us our breakfast in the shape of bread, pies, coffee; and he also sells cigars, cigarettes, writing paper, stamps and various knickknacks.
About nine A. M. we are locked in and are allowed to buy newspapers from a boy. I scan the daily papers and notice that they are beginning to pay attention to this libel case. There are several editorials, one signed by William Randolph Hearst, whose championship in my case was a brave act, as it endangered his interests in Mexico. The mail is voluminous; scores of clippings come in from out of town papers. An unknown doctor in California sends a check, a laboring37 man in St. Louis sends a dollar bill, to help in the fight.
My first visitor appeared to me like a[Pg 11] vision from a strange planet. I felt clumsy and impatient behind the cold and angular bars.
I am informed that two witnesses saw the president's brother and a prominent Mexican lawyer waiting for my verdict on the ground floor of the Criminal Court building. Those two lawyers were the king pins working the wires behind the scenes, and when the glad tidings were brought they hastened to telegraph it to Mexico.
After the visit we are let out of our cells for exercise, which takes place three times a day, morning, noon and evening.
All visitors are permitted to see the prisoners, but not twice in the same day. Keepers and matrons search the visitors, and I hear repeated complaints of the arrogant38 and rough behaviour of these men who seem to have no power of discrimination; they treat everybody on equal terms of brutality39 and incivility—those found guilty by the[Pg 12] courts, those awaiting trial and the innocent visitors.
Newspapermen are almost daily visitors.
My friend and lawyer, K——, visits me every day in the barred chamber40 set apart for that purpose. As I descend41 to see him some one points out to me a special room wherein I recognize the banker Morse conferring with his lawyers. My friends on the New York World send an ambassador, in the person of a reporter, offering their good will and assistance. I am touched by their kindness and loyalty42.
The days pass swiftly as if on wings while waiting for the sentence. My trial-lawyer, J——, visits me one evening and informs me that somebody has told the judge that I had boasted that I would get off with a fine. A strenuous43 denial is made, but the futility44 of the protest is apparent. The purpose of these underhand tactics is to prevent the[Pg 13] imposition of a fine which could be paid by friends.
Criminal libel is a misdemeanor, and the limit or maximum sentence is one year in the penitentiary or a fine of $500, or both.
The prosecuting45 lawyers hope, by the imposition of a prison sentence, to frighten me into accepting either a pardon or a commutation of the sentence, thus forcing me to accept their favors and preventing further investigation46 into certain proceedings47.
A suggestion is made to enter a protest with my ambassador. Such a procedure would empower the judge to offer me the choice between going back to Europe or serving one year in the penitentiary. The Mexican government would prefer to get rid of my agitation48 in this country and does not relish49 the idea of assisting the publicity50 of a willing martyr51.
My suspicion of these tactics is aroused when I learn of the case of a young cockney valet who stole from his employer, and who[Pg 14] was offered the alternative, when the judge sentenced him, of going back to England or serving five years in Sing Sing. The young valet took great pains to inform me of his case and the advantage to be derived52 from accepting the lesser53 of two evils. I mused54 over the incident, and wondered if the valet's case was not a gentle hint emanating55 from the Machiavellian56 brains interested in my case. The trial lawyer, J——, suggested the advisability of appealing to the governor for clemency57 in case of loss of the appeal. A protest to the ambassador was also proposed. I declined both suggestions.
II
I have become acquainted with a prisoner a few doors from my cell, next to the shower baths. Small of stature58, almost a boy, deathly pale, dark, with strong features, this young English pickpocket is a new type in my limited experience with criminals.
[Pg 15]
Every afternoon we sit together at a five o'clock tea in his model cell. The walls are covered with half-tone pictures of famous stage beauties. He offers me the place of honor, which is an old, rickety, but comfortable armchair which belonged to Harry59 Thaw60.
The bed, the bench, everything, is decorated with paper, cut out with infinite pains. The tea is excellent and there are also condensed milk, Huntley & Palmer's biscuits, butter and orange marmalade. Mine host seldom talks to prisoners; he says the place is filled with stool pigeons. When asked if he does not suspect me, he smiles and remarks that in his profession a deep and varied61 familiarity with human nature is necessary, as well as a cool head, an impassive mask, and great dexterity62 with hands and fingers.
Very good-naturedly he answers my questions as to his early life and the influences of which brought him to steal; he tells me also[Pg 16] of his philosophy of life. His father and mother were both thieves, and he was taught to steal as soon as he could walk. The whole of Europe was the field of his operations.
Soon after he came to New York he was arrested, and although the detectives could not find any stolen goods on him, nevertheless he was sentenced to seven years in Sing Sing on his past criminal record, which was sent over by Scotland Yard.
Considering this man's record and nationality, the question comes to mind as to why he was not sent back to England, instead of burdening the taxpayers63 of the state of New York with his maintenance for seven years.
III
In the evening I was interrupted in my conversation with a confidence man by the entrance of Lupo and some of his black hand confederates. Standing against the wall[Pg 17] while being searched he refused to answer any questions either in English or in Italian.
A dark mustache aggravated64 his villainous look, while his black, restless eyes surveyed his surroundings. One of his cronies muttered something, but he only growled65, lifting the corners of his mouth and baring his teeth in angry contempt. Verily he gave the impression of a wolf caught in a trap, but still defiant66 and ferocious67.
We stop at the cell of a poor German who is locked up on the charge of attempted suicide. He weeps disconsolately69, like a child, the tears running down his haggard and gentle face. His clothes and linen70 are poor and as dirty as his face; his hair is unkempt. He wrings71 his hands in despair and moans: "Why did they not let me die in peace?" He was out of a job, friendless and penniless in a foreign country, and when he tried to end his misery72 they put him in jail. It[Pg 18] seems a hopeless task to try and cheer him up.
A harmless looking old man with white hair and beard attracts every one's attention by the ferocity of his deed. He has killed his own daughter, a school teacher, as she was coming out of school surrounded by her young pupils. Nobody seems to know the reason for his act. The judge has just sentenced him to the electric chair, and he appears the least concerned of all as they search his cell for hidden weapons and put an extra guard to watch him for the night. An Italian priest hears his confession74 in his cell. When asked the reason for his inconceivable act he answers slowly that he prefers his daughter's death to her life as a prostitute. "My life is in the hands of God," he whispers, as he folds his hands in prayer. In the morning he will be taken to Sing Sing.
[Pg 19]
IV
The trusties who clean up the floor and the cells and make up our beds are mostly short term prisoners from the penitentiary. In spite of his stripes, one of them looks like a Greek athlete; his dark, curly hair, powerful chin, strong nose, the muscles showing through the striped shirt at the neck and arms, excite the respect and admiration75 of his fellow prisoners.
My trusty is a weak-faced individual, who is always fawning76 for a tip with which to gamble with his companions upstairs. His wife had him arrested for non-support. Although quite competent to make a living and to support his wife and three children, he confesses himself unable to resist the lure77 of the games of chance. Imprisonment78 has not reformed him in the least; on the contrary, indeed, for now he can gamble to his heart's content!
The detective who arrested me on a [Pg 20]warrant asks to speak to me, and gives as a pretext79 his friendship for me. He feels neither rebuked80 nor offended when he is told that I am careful to choose my friends among my equals. Quite modestly he admits being only a petty larceny detective, but he is now anxious to discover who and what is behind the political game played in my case. He leaves in disgust when advised to adopt Sherlock Holmes's method of deduction81.
V
Next morning, handcuffed to a young prisoner and accompanied by a score of men, I am taken to a pen. The place cannot be described in decent writing, but I can safely assert that a more filthy82, disgusting place does not exist in New York. The stench is so sickening that I suffer the rest of the day from a splitting headache.
After an hour's wait I am brought into[Pg 21] the presence of a kindly83 faced probationary84 officer who asks me for addresses of friends who might write to the judge, and inquires for certain facts concerning my case which did not come out during my trial. She also begs me to write a letter giving these facts, so that she can show it to the judge before sentence is passed on me. The result is negative, as the judge has already made up his mind about my case.
The young man who was handcuffed to my wrist goes into court to get his sentence. He returns, pale, trembling, almost fainting, and can only whisper hoarsely85 that he is going to state's prison in the morning for four years.
Another companion in misery is an Italian waiting for trial. He is indignant, even furious, at his treatment by the District Attorney. His case is a record breaker; he has been brought up for the two hundredth time without being tried. This is done to wear him out and force him to plead guilty.
[Pg 22]
A lean, dark-haired, young man with unpleasant features, suspected of having murdered a pal34, tells a story of a third degree at headquarters.
After two days and nights, passed in a cell without food and water, he says he was brought in to the presence of several masked detectives. Stripped to his bare skin, he was forced to stand on a metal rack with burning hot points until he attempted to jump off, when the whole gang of sleuths assaulted him, beat and kicked him, and forced him back.
Without rest or halt, questions were yelled at him in quick succession; when the answers did not come fast enough, they battered86 him unmercifully with their fists; when the answers were unsatisfactory, the vilest87 and foulest88 of insults were shouted at him, tauntingly89, sneeringly90, to arouse his anger and loosen his tongue.
No opportunity was given him to concentrate his mind. He was racked by a[Pg 23] gnawing91 hunger, a parched92 throat, a delirious93 thirst; by painful stinging wounds of cut lips, bleeding teeth, two half closed black eyes and a constant hopping94 on the radiator95 to keep the soles of his feet from burning.
Then they tempted68 him by bringing a table covered with luscious96, steaming food, sparkling drinks and expensive cigars. Like Tantalus, he was intercepted97 and derided98 when he attempted to partake of the food or the drink. Meanwhile the detectives ate and drank with relish almost under his nose; they drank to his health, and blew into his face the fragrant99 smoke of their cigars.
They continued this torture for several hours, until his body and mind could bear the strain no longer; and then he fell to the floor in a dead faint.
VI
At last I am told to appear before the judge who is to pass sentence on me. They[Pg 24] handcuff me to a negro and we climb into the "Black Maria," an omnibus with facing seats, tightly locked, and with small holes for ventilation. A mob collects in the streets to witness our humiliation100. The room in the court house is crowded with people. Several men are sentenced, one after another, in rotation101. I espy102 some of my loyal friends there; they look pale and uncomfortable.
My name is called. I am freed of my handcuffs and I stand at the bar, facing the judge.
Instead of listening to the learned judge deliver his wise sentence, I am watching intently a lonesome fly buzzing in a vibrating aureole frantically103 round the top of his head. I am wondering what the judge had for luncheon104. My absurd cogitations are suddenly interrupted by a phrase spoken in a louder tone than the rest of the sentence.
" ... Fornaro, that you be imprisoned[Pg 25] for one year at hard labor17 in the penitentiary...." The fly stopped buzzing as the judge lifted his head to look at me.
My lawyer, K——, runs out. He is to try to get a certificate of reasonable doubt, which acts as a stay of sentence; otherwise I would be taken early in the morning to the penitentiary.
While these proceedings are going on, I am temporarily transferred to the old prison, which is full of crawling parasites105. Luckily, however, in a few hours I am returned to my cell in the Tombs to wait until the certificate is either granted or denied. But the certificate is refused, of course, as I knew it would be, and as I think my lawyer knew it would be. It was a forlorn hope.
In the evening a letter is brought to me and I am asked to sign for it. It is written in Spanish and is an attack on Vice-President Corral of Mexico, who is accused of[Pg 26] having furnished me with money to publish "Diaz, Czar of Mexico," and then of leaving me in the lurch106. This piece of Spanish fiction is inspired by a bitter enemy of Corral in the hope of eliminating Corral as a Vice-Presidential candidate. But I refuse to sign the letter.
Another fairy tale comes directly from the District Attorney's office; I am told that they know that President Cabrera of Guatemala, a bitter enemy of Porfirio Diaz, has furnished me with $5,000 to publish my libelous107 pamphlet.
A friend arrives from Mexico and brings an oral message from Ramon Corral, who inquires if I have empowered an agent to negotiate the sale of my book for $50,000, as he doubts the statement. A letter is written advising the Vice-President that he is right in his surmise108, and that the alleged109 agent is only trying to get money under false pretences110.
A labor leader visits me offering financial[Pg 27] help in my fight. As money will not be needed in the penitentiary, I suggest that an investigation might be started in Congress into the persecutions of Mexican liberals by American officials in this country. The promise is made and fulfilled seven months later.
VII
Two sisters of mercy come to see the prisoners during the hours of exercise; they distribute fruit, and walk freely and unconcerned among the men, who seem to think a great deal of them. One of them has kindly and intelligent looking eyes behind large, gold-rimmed spectacles, and speaks in the well modulated111 and authoritative112 voice of the woman of the world. Unlike other prison missionaries113, they do not make religious propaganda by distributing tracts73 and pamphlets; their attitude is one of charity, humility114 and usefulness.
[Pg 28]
Protestant clergymen, rabbis, and even a theosophist, come to save us in spite of ourselves. Their attitude is one of aggressive virtue115 and militant116 religious contention—or contagion117. A certain missionary118 is very indignant because I refuse to look at his tracts or listen to his childish twaddle; and finally becomes so arrogant and insulting that I have to order him away from my cell door.
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1 parlance | |
n.说法;语调 | |
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2 contraband | |
n.违禁品,走私品 | |
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3 sleepless | |
adj.不睡眠的,睡不著的,不休息的 | |
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4 impending | |
a.imminent, about to come or happen | |
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5 din | |
n.喧闹声,嘈杂声 | |
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6 abode | |
n.住处,住所 | |
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7 spacious | |
adj.广阔的,宽敞的 | |
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8 sanitary | |
adj.卫生方面的,卫生的,清洁的,卫生的 | |
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9 standing | |
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的 | |
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10 captivity | |
n.囚禁;被俘;束缚 | |
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11 worthy | |
adj.(of)值得的,配得上的;有价值的 | |
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12 gallows | |
n.绞刑架,绞台 | |
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13 apparently | |
adv.显然地;表面上,似乎 | |
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14 aristocrats | |
n.贵族( aristocrat的名词复数 ) | |
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15 pious | |
adj.虔诚的;道貌岸然的 | |
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16 laborers | |
n.体力劳动者,工人( laborer的名词复数 );(熟练工人的)辅助工 | |
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17 labor | |
n.劳动,努力,工作,劳工;分娩;vi.劳动,努力,苦干;vt.详细分析;麻烦 | |
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18 chauffeur | |
n.(受雇于私人或公司的)司机;v.为…开车 | |
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19 automobile | |
n.汽车,机动车 | |
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20 pickpocket | |
n.扒手;v.扒窃 | |
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21 shuffling | |
adj. 慢慢移动的, 滑移的 动词shuffle的现在分词形式 | |
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22 inferno | |
n.火海;地狱般的场所 | |
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23 mentor | |
n.指导者,良师益友;v.指导 | |
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24 sarcasm | |
n.讥讽,讽刺,嘲弄,反话 (adj.sarcastic) | |
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25 prosaic | |
adj.单调的,无趣的 | |
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26 forger | |
v.伪造;n.(钱、文件等的)伪造者 | |
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27 larceny | |
n.盗窃(罪) | |
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28 pungent | |
adj.(气味、味道)刺激性的,辛辣的;尖锐的 | |
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29 rumbling | |
n. 隆隆声, 辘辘声 adj. 隆隆响的 动词rumble的现在分词 | |
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30 incessant | |
adj.不停的,连续的 | |
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31 penitentiaries | |
n.监狱( penitentiary的名词复数 ) | |
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32 encyclopedia | |
n.百科全书 | |
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33 penitentiary | |
n.感化院;监狱 | |
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34 pal | |
n.朋友,伙伴,同志;vi.结为友 | |
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35 passionate | |
adj.热情的,热烈的,激昂的,易动情的,易怒的,性情暴躁的 | |
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36 complexion | |
n.肤色;情况,局面;气质,性格 | |
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37 laboring | |
n.劳动,操劳v.努力争取(for)( labor的现在分词 );苦干;详细分析;(指引擎)缓慢而困难地运转 | |
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38 arrogant | |
adj.傲慢的,自大的 | |
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39 brutality | |
n.野蛮的行为,残忍,野蛮 | |
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40 chamber | |
n.房间,寝室;会议厅;议院;会所 | |
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41 descend | |
vt./vi.传下来,下来,下降 | |
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42 loyalty | |
n.忠诚,忠心 | |
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43 strenuous | |
adj.奋发的,使劲的;紧张的;热烈的,狂热的 | |
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44 futility | |
n.无用 | |
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45 prosecuting | |
检举、告发某人( prosecute的现在分词 ); 对某人提起公诉; 继续从事(某事物); 担任控方律师 | |
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46 investigation | |
n.调查,调查研究 | |
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47 proceedings | |
n.进程,过程,议程;诉讼(程序);公报 | |
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48 agitation | |
n.搅动;搅拌;鼓动,煽动 | |
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49 relish | |
n.滋味,享受,爱好,调味品;vt.加调味料,享受,品味;vi.有滋味 | |
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50 publicity | |
n.众所周知,闻名;宣传,广告 | |
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51 martyr | |
n.烈士,殉难者;vt.杀害,折磨,牺牲 | |
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52 derived | |
vi.起源;由来;衍生;导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 );(从…中)得到获得;源于;(从…中)提取 | |
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53 lesser | |
adj.次要的,较小的;adv.较小地,较少地 | |
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54 mused | |
v.沉思,冥想( muse的过去式和过去分词 );沉思自语说(某事) | |
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55 emanating | |
v.从…处传出,传出( emanate的现在分词 );产生,表现,显示 | |
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56 machiavellian | |
adj.权谋的,狡诈的 | |
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57 clemency | |
n.温和,仁慈,宽厚 | |
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58 stature | |
n.(高度)水平,(高度)境界,身高,身材 | |
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59 harry | |
vt.掠夺,蹂躏,使苦恼 | |
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60 thaw | |
v.(使)融化,(使)变得友善;n.融化,缓和 | |
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61 varied | |
adj.多样的,多变化的 | |
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62 dexterity | |
n.(手的)灵巧,灵活 | |
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63 taxpayers | |
纳税人,纳税的机构( taxpayer的名词复数 ) | |
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64 aggravated | |
使恶化( aggravate的过去式和过去分词 ); 使更严重; 激怒; 使恼火 | |
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65 growled | |
v.(动物)发狺狺声, (雷)作隆隆声( growl的过去式和过去分词 );低声咆哮着说 | |
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66 defiant | |
adj.无礼的,挑战的 | |
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67 ferocious | |
adj.凶猛的,残暴的,极度的,十分强烈的 | |
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68 tempted | |
v.怂恿(某人)干不正当的事;冒…的险(tempt的过去分词) | |
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69 disconsolately | |
adv.悲伤地,愁闷地;哭丧着脸 | |
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70 linen | |
n.亚麻布,亚麻线,亚麻制品;adj.亚麻布制的,亚麻的 | |
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71 wrings | |
绞( wring的第三人称单数 ); 握紧(尤指别人的手); 把(湿衣服)拧干; 绞掉(水) | |
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72 misery | |
n.痛苦,苦恼,苦难;悲惨的境遇,贫苦 | |
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73 tracts | |
大片土地( tract的名词复数 ); 地带; (体内的)道; (尤指宣扬宗教、伦理或政治的)短文 | |
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74 confession | |
n.自白,供认,承认 | |
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75 admiration | |
n.钦佩,赞美,羡慕 | |
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76 fawning | |
adj.乞怜的,奉承的v.(尤指狗等)跳过来往人身上蹭以示亲热( fawn的现在分词 );巴结;讨好 | |
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77 lure | |
n.吸引人的东西,诱惑物;vt.引诱,吸引 | |
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78 imprisonment | |
n.关押,监禁,坐牢 | |
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79 pretext | |
n.借口,托词 | |
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80 rebuked | |
责难或指责( rebuke的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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81 deduction | |
n.减除,扣除,减除额;推论,推理,演绎 | |
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82 filthy | |
adj.卑劣的;恶劣的,肮脏的 | |
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83 kindly | |
adj.和蔼的,温和的,爽快的;adv.温和地,亲切地 | |
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84 probationary | |
试用的,缓刑的 | |
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85 hoarsely | |
adv.嘶哑地 | |
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86 battered | |
adj.磨损的;v.连续猛击;磨损 | |
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87 vilest | |
adj.卑鄙的( vile的最高级 );可耻的;极坏的;非常讨厌的 | |
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88 foulest | |
adj.恶劣的( foul的最高级 );邪恶的;难闻的;下流的 | |
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89 tauntingly | |
嘲笑地,辱骂地; 嘲骂地 | |
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90 sneeringly | |
嘲笑地,轻蔑地 | |
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91 gnawing | |
a.痛苦的,折磨人的 | |
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92 parched | |
adj.焦干的;极渴的;v.(使)焦干 | |
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93 delirious | |
adj.不省人事的,神智昏迷的 | |
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94 hopping | |
n. 跳跃 动词hop的现在分词形式 | |
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95 radiator | |
n.暖气片,散热器 | |
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96 luscious | |
adj.美味的;芬芳的;肉感的,引与性欲的 | |
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97 intercepted | |
拦截( intercept的过去式和过去分词 ); 截住; 截击; 拦阻 | |
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98 derided | |
v.取笑,嘲笑( deride的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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99 fragrant | |
adj.芬香的,馥郁的,愉快的 | |
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100 humiliation | |
n.羞辱 | |
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101 rotation | |
n.旋转;循环,轮流 | |
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102 espy | |
v.(从远处等)突然看到 | |
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103 frantically | |
ad.发狂地, 发疯地 | |
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104 luncheon | |
n.午宴,午餐,便宴 | |
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105 parasites | |
寄生物( parasite的名词复数 ); 靠他人为生的人; 诸虫 | |
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106 lurch | |
n.突然向前或旁边倒;v.蹒跚而行 | |
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107 libelous | |
adj.败坏名誉的,诽谤性的 | |
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108 surmise | |
v./n.猜想,推测 | |
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109 alleged | |
a.被指控的,嫌疑的 | |
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110 pretences | |
n.假装( pretence的名词复数 );作假;自命;自称 | |
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111 modulated | |
已调整[制]的,被调的 | |
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112 authoritative | |
adj.有权威的,可相信的;命令式的;官方的 | |
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113 missionaries | |
n.传教士( missionary的名词复数 ) | |
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114 humility | |
n.谦逊,谦恭 | |
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115 virtue | |
n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力 | |
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116 militant | |
adj.激进的,好斗的;n.激进分子,斗士 | |
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117 contagion | |
n.(通过接触的疾病)传染;蔓延 | |
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118 missionary | |
adj.教会的,传教(士)的;n.传教士 | |
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