As we step through the roomy porte-cochère into a spacious7 court, we glance round half expecting to see a swelling8 porter or gorgeously attired9 Suisse prepared to challenge our entrance, and instinctively10 we fumble11 in our pocket for our card-case; but no one appears, and all is silent as death. Passing over the grass-grown stones which pave the court, we step through a capacious archway into a second court as large as the first, and surrounded in the same manner by the building running round to form another quadrangle. Here apparently12 are the stables, as a stone-carved horse’s head above a door at the farther end apprises13 us, and hither we direct our steps in hopes of finding some stable-boy or groom14 to guide us, and tell us to whom this vast silent palace belongs.
The stable door is ajar, and we push it open, but pause in astonishment15 on the threshold, met by the stony16 stare of countless17 unseeing{310} eyes. A stable it is undoubtedly18, as testify the carved stone cribs and partitioned-off stalls—six stalls on the one side, six on the other, roomy and luxurious19, fit only for the pampered20 stud of a monarch21 or of an English fox-hunter, but which now, deserted22 of its rightful occupants, has been usurped23 by a collection of plaster casts and terra-cotta copies of ancient statues. Where majestic24 Arabs used formerly25 to be stabled, now stands a naked simpering Venus, and the Dying Gladiator writhes26 on the flag-stones once pawed by impatient hoofs27.
THE BRUCKENTHAL PALACE.[71]
By-and-by we come across some one, who in a few words gives us the history of the Bruckenthal palace.
Samuel Bruckenthal, of Saxon family, was raised alike to the rank of baron28 and to the position of governor of Transylvania by the Empress Maria Theresa, this being the first instance of a Saxon being thus distinguished29. In this capacity he governed the land for fourteen years, from 1773 to 1787, and much good is recorded of the manner in which he filled his office, and of the benefits he conferred on the land. Baron Samuel Bruckenthal was a special favorite of the great empress, who seems to have overpowered both him and his{311} family with riches and favors of all kinds. Besides this splendid palace (truly magnificent for the country and the time when it was built), and which boasted of a picture-gallery and an exceedingly valuable library, the Bruckenthal family became possessed30 of extensive landed property, some of which was to belong to them unconditionally31, other estates being granted to the family for a period of ninety-nine years, afterwards reverting32 to the Crown. Likewise, villas34 and manufactories, summer and winter residences, gardens and hot-houses, which have belonged to them, are to be met with in all directions.
Baron Bruckenthal, who died in 1803, had decreed in his last will, dated 1802, that the gallery and museum he had formed were to be thrown open for the benefit of his Saxon townsmen; while his second heir, Baron Joseph Bruckenthal, further decreed, in a will dated 1867, that in the case of the male line of his family becoming extinct, the palace, inclusive of the picture-gallery, library, etc., should revert33 to the Evangelical Gymnasium at Hermanstadt, along with the interest of a capital of thirty-six thousand florins, to be expended35 in keeping up the edifice36 and adding to the collection. The contingency37 thus provided for having come to pass a dozen years ago, the directors have appropriated different suites38 of apartments for various purposes of public utility and instruction. Thus the lofty vaulted39 stables were found to be conveniently adapted for containing the models for a school of design; while up-stairs the gilded40 ball-room has been converted into a cabinet of natural history. Here rows of stuffed birds, as well as double-headed lambs, eight-legged puppies, and other such interesting deformities, are ranged on shelves against the crumbling41 gilt42 mouldings which run round the room; and tattered43 remnants of the rich crimson44 damask once clothing the walls hang rustling45 against glass jars, in which are displayed the horrid46 coils of many loathsome47 reptiles48 preserved in spirits of wine. Truly a sad downfall for these sumptuous49 apartments, where high-born dames50 were wont51 to glide52 in stately minuets over the polished floor!
The picture-gallery, opened to the public on appointed days, contains above a thousand pictures, which, filling fifteen rooms, are divided off into the three schools to which they belong—viz., Italian, Dutch, and German. The greater part of these pictures is said to have been purchased from French refugees at the time of the First Revolution, many families having then sought an asylum53 in Hungary and Transylvania.
{312}
Mr. Boner, in his work on Transylvania, has thought fit to condemn54 in a wholesale55 manner the contents of this gallery as “wretched daubs fit only for a broker’s stall,” a verdict as rash as unjust, and which has since been refuted by the opinion of competent judges. Of course, in a small provincial56 town like Hermanstadt, situated57 at the extreme east of the Austrian empire, it would be unreasonable58 to expect to find in a private gallery collected in the eighteenth century priceless chefs-d’?uvres of the kind we travel hundreds of miles to admire in the Louvre or at Dresden. No doubt, also, some of the paintings erroneously attributed to famous masters, such as Rubens or Titian, are but good copies of original works, while the parentage of a good number of others is unknown, or matter for guess-work. Granting all this, however, the wonder is rather, I think, to find such a very presentable collection of paintings of second and third rank in a small country town, among which no intelligent and straightforward59 connoisseur60 can fail to pass some hours without both pleasure and profit.
The best picture in the gallery, and the most celebrated61, is the portrait of Charles I. of England, and of his wife, Henrietta Maria, by Vandyck, which has brought many Englishmen hither in hopes of purchasing it.
The library, now numbering about forty thousand volumes, is added to each year from part of the legacy62 attached to the Bruckenthal palace, and is a great boon63 to the town; for not only does it comprise a comfortable reading-room, to which any one may have gratuitous64 access, but all sorts of works are freely placed at the disposal of those who wish to study them at home, on condition of signing a voucher65 by which the party holds himself responsible for loss or damage to the work.
The Bruckenthal library is indeed a great and valuable resource to those banished66 to this remote corner of the globe, and it is only surprising that more people do not avail themselves of the advantages which permit one to enjoy at home, sometimes for two or three months at a time, several valuable works of history, biography, or science. Some of the editions of older classical authors are most beautifully bound and illustrated67 with fine copperplates—perfect éditions de luxe, such as one rarely sees nowadays.
Many curious manuscripts, principally relating to the country, are also here to be found; but the gem69 of the collection, and by far its most interesting and precious object, is a prayer-book of the fifteenth century, which, written on finest vellum, contains six hundred and thirty pages in small quarto, each page being adorned70 with some of the finest specimens71 of the illuminated72 art to be met with anywhere.
The collection of coins is exceedingly remarkable73, containing, as it does, abundant specimens of the ancient Greek, Dacian, and Roman coins, which are continually turning up in the soil, as well as of all the various branches of Transylvanian coinage in the Middle Ages. An assemblage of old Saxon ceramic74 objects, such as jugs75 and plates, may also be mentioned, as well as samples of old German embroidery76, and some exceedingly beautiful pieces of jewellery belonging to the Saxon burgher, and peasant costumes.
The least interesting part of the museum is what is called the African and Japanese Cabinet, hardly deserving such a pompous77 designation, as the objects it mostly contains (savage weapons, dried alligators78, etc., added to the collection some thirty years ago) are by no means more interesting or varied79 than what one is so tired of beholding80 in any well-furnished English drawing-room.
There is a legend attached to the Bruckenthal palace which tells us how an old soldier, who had served his emperor faithfully through many years, took his dismission at last, and, with only three coppers81 in his pocket, prepared to pilger homeward. On his way he was met by an old white-bearded man, who said, “Give me an alms, for all you have is mine.” The soldier replied, “Your gain will not be great, for see, I have got but three kreuzers, but you are welcome to one of them.” Hereupon the old man took one kreuzer, and the soldier proceeded on his way. Soon, however, he was met by another old man, who in like manner demanded an alms, and received a second copper68; and this happened again a third time. But when the soldier had thus divested82 himself of his last coin the third old man thus spoke83: “See, I am one and the same as the two old men who begged from you before, and am no other than Christ the Lord. As, therefore, you have been charitable, and have given of the little you had, so will I reward you by granting any boon you choose to ask.”
After the soldier had reflected for a little, he begged for a sack which should have the virtue84 that, whenever he spoke the words, “Pack yourself in the sack,” man or beast should equally be obliged{314} to creep inside it. “I see,” said the Lord, “that you are a wise man, and do not crave85 treasures and riches. The sack is yours.”
With this magic sack on his back the soldier wandered on till he reached the town of Hermanstadt. Here he found all the population talking of a ghost in the Bruckenthal palace, which had lately been disturbing the place, and whosoever attempted to pass the night in those rooms was found as a corpse86 next morning.
On hearing this the veteran went with his sack to old Baron Bruckenthal, and begged for a night’s lodging87 in those very rooms. In vain the old gentleman warned him of the danger, and prophesied88 that assuredly he would lose his life. The soldier persisted in his resolution, begging only for the loan of a Bible and two lighted candles. These were given to him, and likewise a copious89 supper, with wine and roast-meat. However, he ate and drank but sparingly, for he wished to remain wide-awake and sober; but he opened the Bible between the two candles, and read diligently90 therein.
Shortly before midnight the room began to be unquiet, but the soldier did but read the Bible all the more fervently91 as the noise increased. Then as twelve o’clock struck there was a sound like the report of a gun, and a leg was seen suspended from the ceiling.
The soldier remained quietly sitting, and said to himself, “Where there is one leg, there must be another too,” and verily a second leg became soon visible beside the first. Quoth the soldier then, “Where there are two legs, there must perforce be body and arms as well,” and without much delay these also made their appearance. Then he said, “A body cannot be without a head,” but hardly had he said the words when the entire figure fell down from the ceiling, and rushing at the soldier, began to strangle him.
Quickly he cried, “Pack yourself in the sack,” and in the self-same instant the ghost was imprisoned92, and plaintively93 begging to be let out again. The soldier at first only permitted the ghost to put out its head, which was quite gray, but it went on begging to be released, and promising94 to reveal a mighty95 secret.
Hearing this the soldier opened the sack; but, hardly set free, the spectre again rushed at his throat, so that he had barely time to call out, “Pack yourself in the sack.”
Now, being again in his power, the ghost was forced to confess to the soldier that in these walls there were concealed96 many barrels containing treasures, and over these it was his mission to watch. It promised{315} to make over in writing a portion of this money to the veteran, and for this purpose begged to have its arms released from the sack in order to sign the document.
This being granted, the ghost a third time attempted the soldier’s life, who, however, used the magic formula once more, and, determined97 to show no further mercy to his antagonist98, cut off the head of the treacherous99 phantom100.
BARON SAMUEL BRUCKENTHAL.
Next morning the inhabitants of Hermanstadt were greatly astonished to find the soldier still alive, and the praise of his valor101 was in every mouth. Under his directions the walls were now broken open, and within many little barrels were discovered, all containing heavy gold, of which the brave soldier received a handsome portion, sufficient to enable him to live in comfort to the end of his days.
It is to this discovery that many impute102 the great riches of the{316} Bruckenthal family, and were it not for the valiant103 soldier the fortune they left behind them would hardly have been so great.
Though the name of Bruckenthal is probably but little known outside Transylvania, and I have failed to find it in several German encyclop?dias, yet here it is a word pregnant with meaning; and people at Hermanstadt are wont to swear by the Bruckenthal palace as the most stable and immutable104 object within their range of knowledge, just as an Egyptian might swear by the Pyramids or the Sphinx. “May you be lucky as long as the Bruckenthal palace stands,” or “Sooner may the Bruckenthal palace fall down than such and such an event come to pass,” are phrases I have frequently had occasion to hear.
But the memories of the Bruckenthals are not confined to the palace which bears their name. Every vestige105 of past grandeur106 or remnant of an extinct luxury, each work of art which comes to light in or about Hermanstadt, may be traced back to this once omnipotent107 family. If in your country walks you come upon a double row of massive lime-trees, twelve or sixteen perhaps, standing108 forlorn on the grass, with nothing to explain their presence on a lonely meadow, you are surely informed that these are the last survivors109 of a stately avenue leading to spacious orangeries in the Bruckenthal time. The orangeries have now disappeared, yet these few old trees linger on with senseless persistency—their snowy blossoms reminding one of powdered heads, their circling branches suggesting wide-hooped skirts setting to each other in the evening breeze, like an ancient quadrille party forgotten in the ball-room, long after the other guests have departed.
If you find an old statue chipped and moss-grown, dreaming away in the shade of a rose-bush which soon will stifle110 it in thorny111 embrace, you may take for granted that you are standing on the site of a former Bruckenthal garden.
If in a pawnbroker’s shop you disinter a carved oak chair heavily wreathed in shrouding112 cobwebs, be sure that it has wandered hither from the old palace on the Ring; and should you chance to espy113 a rococo mirror, with curiously114 fretted115 gold frame, but tarnished116 and blurred117, do not doubt that at some remote period gallant118 beaux and stately dames of the house of Bruckenthal have mirrored themselves complacently119 in its surface.
Look closer still in the miscellaneous heap of bric-à-brac which{317} encumbers120 this same pawnbroker’s back shop, and ten to one you will be able to recognize on some rotting canvas the grim features of old Samuel Bruckenthal himself, or those of his imperial mistress Maria Theresa.
Some of these old portraits, which I passed almost daily in my peregrinations about the town, seemed to look at me so plaintively with their canvas eyes, as though imploring121 me to release them from their ignoble122 position, that I had to take pity upon them at last and offer them an asylum in my house.
Few things ever gave me so vivid an impression of the transitory nature of earthly possessions, and the evanescence of power and grandeur, as these scattered123 relics124 of an extinct family meeting the eye at every turn; and as the sea of chance was continually casting up some of these shipwrecked treasures, more than one of them happened to drift my way. Thus one day a poor woman brought to my door a delicate little piece of fancy porcelain125, which I was glad to purchase for a small sum. About ten inches high, it represents a miniature citron-tree with blossoms and fruit, growing in a gold-hooped tub of exactly the same shape as the wooden cases in which real orange-trees are often planted. An old lady who recollects126 the vanished days of the Bruckenthal glory recognized this graceful127 trifle standing on my drawing-room console, and told me that she remembered a whole set of them, pomegranates and citron-trees alternately, with which the table used to be decked out on the occasion of large dinner-parties.
What has become of the many companions of my lonely citron-tree, I wonder? and where are now all the faces that used to meet round that festive128 board? Tout129 passe, tout lasse, tout casse!
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1 crooked | |
adj.弯曲的;不诚实的,狡猾的,不正当的 | |
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2 conspicuous | |
adj.明眼的,惹人注目的;炫耀的,摆阔气的 | |
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3 thoroughly | |
adv.完全地,彻底地,十足地 | |
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4 ornamented | |
adj.花式字体的v.装饰,点缀,美化( ornament的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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5 wrought | |
v.引起;以…原料制作;运转;adj.制造的 | |
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6 rococo | |
n.洛可可;adj.过分修饰的 | |
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7 spacious | |
adj.广阔的,宽敞的 | |
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8 swelling | |
n.肿胀 | |
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9 attired | |
adj.穿着整齐的v.使穿上衣服,使穿上盛装( attire的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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10 instinctively | |
adv.本能地 | |
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11 fumble | |
vi.笨拙地用手摸、弄、接等,摸索 | |
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12 apparently | |
adv.显然地;表面上,似乎 | |
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13 apprises | |
v.告知,通知( apprise的第三人称单数 );评价 | |
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14 groom | |
vt.给(马、狗等)梳毛,照料,使...整洁 | |
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15 astonishment | |
n.惊奇,惊异 | |
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16 stony | |
adj.石头的,多石头的,冷酷的,无情的 | |
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17 countless | |
adj.无数的,多得不计其数的 | |
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18 undoubtedly | |
adv.确实地,无疑地 | |
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19 luxurious | |
adj.精美而昂贵的;豪华的 | |
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20 pampered | |
adj.饮食过量的,饮食奢侈的v.纵容,宠,娇养( pamper的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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21 monarch | |
n.帝王,君主,最高统治者 | |
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22 deserted | |
adj.荒芜的,荒废的,无人的,被遗弃的 | |
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23 usurped | |
篡夺,霸占( usurp的过去式和过去分词 ); 盗用; 篡夺,篡权 | |
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24 majestic | |
adj.雄伟的,壮丽的,庄严的,威严的,崇高的 | |
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25 formerly | |
adv.从前,以前 | |
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26 writhes | |
(因极度痛苦而)扭动或翻滚( writhe的第三人称单数 ) | |
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27 hoofs | |
n.(兽的)蹄,马蹄( hoof的名词复数 )v.(兽的)蹄,马蹄( hoof的第三人称单数 ) | |
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28 baron | |
n.男爵;(商业界等)巨头,大王 | |
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29 distinguished | |
adj.卓越的,杰出的,著名的 | |
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30 possessed | |
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31 unconditionally | |
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32 reverting | |
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33 revert | |
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34 villas | |
别墅,公馆( villa的名词复数 ); (城郊)住宅 | |
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35 expended | |
v.花费( expend的过去式和过去分词 );使用(钱等)做某事;用光;耗尽 | |
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36 edifice | |
n.宏伟的建筑物(如宫殿,教室) | |
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37 contingency | |
n.意外事件,可能性 | |
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38 suites | |
n.套( suite的名词复数 );一套房间;一套家具;一套公寓 | |
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39 vaulted | |
adj.拱状的 | |
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40 gilded | |
a.镀金的,富有的 | |
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41 crumbling | |
adj.摇摇欲坠的 | |
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42 gilt | |
adj.镀金的;n.金边证券 | |
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43 tattered | |
adj.破旧的,衣衫破的 | |
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44 crimson | |
n./adj.深(绯)红色(的);vi.脸变绯红色 | |
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45 rustling | |
n. 瑟瑟声,沙沙声 adj. 发沙沙声的 | |
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46 horrid | |
adj.可怕的;令人惊恐的;恐怖的;极讨厌的 | |
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47 loathsome | |
adj.讨厌的,令人厌恶的 | |
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48 reptiles | |
n.爬行动物,爬虫( reptile的名词复数 ) | |
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49 sumptuous | |
adj.豪华的,奢侈的,华丽的 | |
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50 dames | |
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51 wont | |
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52 glide | |
n./v.溜,滑行;(时间)消逝 | |
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53 asylum | |
n.避难所,庇护所,避难 | |
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54 condemn | |
vt.谴责,指责;宣判(罪犯),判刑 | |
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55 wholesale | |
n.批发;adv.以批发方式;vt.批发,成批出售 | |
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56 provincial | |
adj.省的,地方的;n.外省人,乡下人 | |
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57 situated | |
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58 unreasonable | |
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59 straightforward | |
adj.正直的,坦率的;易懂的,简单的 | |
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60 connoisseur | |
n.鉴赏家,行家,内行 | |
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61 celebrated | |
adj.有名的,声誉卓著的 | |
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62 legacy | |
n.遗产,遗赠;先人(或过去)留下的东西 | |
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63 boon | |
n.恩赐,恩物,恩惠 | |
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64 gratuitous | |
adj.无偿的,免费的;无缘无故的,不必要的 | |
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65 voucher | |
n.收据;传票;凭单,凭证 | |
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66 banished | |
v.放逐,驱逐( banish的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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67 illustrated | |
adj. 有插图的,列举的 动词illustrate的过去式和过去分词 | |
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68 copper | |
n.铜;铜币;铜器;adj.铜(制)的;(紫)铜色的 | |
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69 gem | |
n.宝石,珠宝;受爱戴的人 [同]jewel | |
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70 adorned | |
[计]被修饰的 | |
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71 specimens | |
n.样品( specimen的名词复数 );范例;(化验的)抽样;某种类型的人 | |
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72 illuminated | |
adj.被照明的;受启迪的 | |
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73 remarkable | |
adj.显著的,异常的,非凡的,值得注意的 | |
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74 ceramic | |
n.制陶业,陶器,陶瓷工艺 | |
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75 jugs | |
(有柄及小口的)水壶( jug的名词复数 ) | |
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76 embroidery | |
n.绣花,刺绣;绣制品 | |
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77 pompous | |
adj.傲慢的,自大的;夸大的;豪华的 | |
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78 alligators | |
n.短吻鳄( alligator的名词复数 ) | |
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79 varied | |
adj.多样的,多变化的 | |
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80 beholding | |
v.看,注视( behold的现在分词 );瞧;看呀;(叙述中用于引出某人意外的出现)哎哟 | |
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81 coppers | |
铜( copper的名词复数 ); 铜币 | |
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82 divested | |
v.剥夺( divest的过去式和过去分词 );脱去(衣服);2。从…取去…;1。(给某人)脱衣服 | |
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83 spoke | |
n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说 | |
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84 virtue | |
n.德行,美德;贞操;优点;功效,效力 | |
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85 crave | |
vt.渴望得到,迫切需要,恳求,请求 | |
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86 corpse | |
n.尸体,死尸 | |
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87 lodging | |
n.寄宿,住所;(大学生的)校外宿舍 | |
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88 prophesied | |
v.预告,预言( prophesy的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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89 copious | |
adj.丰富的,大量的 | |
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90 diligently | |
ad.industriously;carefully | |
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91 fervently | |
adv.热烈地,热情地,强烈地 | |
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92 imprisoned | |
下狱,监禁( imprison的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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93 plaintively | |
adv.悲哀地,哀怨地 | |
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94 promising | |
adj.有希望的,有前途的 | |
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95 mighty | |
adj.强有力的;巨大的 | |
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96 concealed | |
a.隐藏的,隐蔽的 | |
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97 determined | |
adj.坚定的;有决心的 | |
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98 antagonist | |
n.敌人,对抗者,对手 | |
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99 treacherous | |
adj.不可靠的,有暗藏的危险的;adj.背叛的,背信弃义的 | |
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100 phantom | |
n.幻影,虚位,幽灵;adj.错觉的,幻影的,幽灵的 | |
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101 valor | |
n.勇气,英勇 | |
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102 impute | |
v.归咎于 | |
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103 valiant | |
adj.勇敢的,英勇的;n.勇士,勇敢的人 | |
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104 immutable | |
adj.不可改变的,永恒的 | |
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105 vestige | |
n.痕迹,遗迹,残余 | |
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106 grandeur | |
n.伟大,崇高,宏伟,庄严,豪华 | |
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107 omnipotent | |
adj.全能的,万能的 | |
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108 standing | |
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的 | |
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109 survivors | |
幸存者,残存者,生还者( survivor的名词复数 ) | |
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110 stifle | |
vt.使窒息;闷死;扼杀;抑止,阻止 | |
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111 thorny | |
adj.多刺的,棘手的 | |
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112 shrouding | |
n.覆盖v.隐瞒( shroud的现在分词 );保密 | |
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113 espy | |
v.(从远处等)突然看到 | |
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114 curiously | |
adv.有求知欲地;好问地;奇特地 | |
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115 fretted | |
焦躁的,附有弦马的,腐蚀的 | |
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116 tarnished | |
(通常指金属)(使)失去光泽,(使)变灰暗( tarnish的过去式和过去分词 ); 玷污,败坏 | |
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117 blurred | |
v.(使)变模糊( blur的过去式和过去分词 );(使)难以区分;模模糊糊;迷离 | |
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118 gallant | |
adj.英勇的,豪侠的;(向女人)献殷勤的 | |
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119 complacently | |
adv. 满足地, 自满地, 沾沾自喜地 | |
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120 encumbers | |
v.妨碍,阻碍,拖累( encumber的第三人称单数 ) | |
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121 imploring | |
恳求的,哀求的 | |
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122 ignoble | |
adj.不光彩的,卑鄙的;可耻的 | |
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123 scattered | |
adj.分散的,稀疏的;散步的;疏疏落落的 | |
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124 relics | |
[pl.]n.遗物,遗迹,遗产;遗体,尸骸 | |
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125 porcelain | |
n.瓷;adj.瓷的,瓷制的 | |
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126 recollects | |
v.记起,想起( recollect的第三人称单数 ) | |
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127 graceful | |
adj.优美的,优雅的;得体的 | |
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128 festive | |
adj.欢宴的,节日的 | |
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129 tout | |
v.推销,招徕;兜售;吹捧,劝诱 | |
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