DOMINIQUE DE GOURGUES.
There was a gentleman of Mont-de-Marsan, Dominique de Gourgues, a soldier of ancient birth and high renown1. It is not certain that he was a Huguenot. The Spanish annalist calls him a "terrible heretic;" but the French Jesuit, Charlevoix, anxious that the faithful should share the glory of his exploits, affirms that, like his ancestors before him, he was a good Catholic. If so, his faith sat lightly upon him; and, Catholic or heretic, he hated the Spaniards with a mortal hate. Fighting in the Italian wars,—for from boyhood he was wedded2 to the sword,—he had been taken prisoner by them near Siena, where he had signalized himself by a fiery3 and determined4 bravery. With brutal5 insult, they chained him to the oar6 as a galley7 slave. After he had long endured this ignominy the Turks captured the vessel8 and carried her to Constantinople. It was but a change of tyrants9 but, soon after, while she was on a cruise, Gourgues still at the oar, a galley of the knights10 of Malta hove in sight, bore down on her, recaptured her, and set the prisoner free. For several years after, his restless spirit found employment in voyages to Africa, Brazil, and regions yet more remote. His naval11 repute rose high, but his grudge12 against the Spaniards still rankled13 within him; and when, returned from his rovings, he learned the tidings from Florida, his hot Gascon blood boiled with fury.
The honor of France had been foully14 stained, and there was none to wipe away the shame. The faction-ridden King was dumb. The nobles who surrounded him were in the Spanish interest. Then, since they proved recreant15, he, Dominique de Gourgues, a simple gentleman, would take upon him to avenge16 the wrong, and restore the dimmed lustre17 of the French name. He sold his inheritance, borrowed money from his brother, who held a high post in Guienne, and equipped three small vessels18, navigable by sail or oar. On board he placed a hundred arquebusiers and eighty sailors, prepared to fight on land, if need were. The noted19 Blaise de Montluc, then lieutenant20 for the King in Guienne, gave him a commission to make war on the negroes of Benin,—that is, to kidnap them as slaves, an adventure then held honorable.
His true design was locked within his own breast. He mustered21 his followers22,—not a few of whom were of rank equal to his own, feasted them, and, on the twenty-second of August, 1567, sailed from the mouth of the Charente. Off Cape23 Finisterre, so violent a storm buffeted24 his ships that his men clamored to return; but Gourgues's spirit prevailed. He bore away for Africa, and, landing at the Rio del Oro, refreshed and cheered them as he best might. Thence he sailed to Cape Blanco, where the jealous Portuguese25, who had a fort in the neighborhoods set upon him three negro chiefs. Gourgues beat them off, and remained master of the harbor; whence, however, he soon voyaged onward26 to Cape Verd, and, steering27 westward28, made for the West Indies. Here, advancing from island to island, he came to Hispaniola, where, between the fury of a hurricane at sea and the jealousy29 of the Spaniards on shore, he was in no small jeopardy,—"the Spaniards", exclaims the indignant journalist, "who think that this New World was made for nobody but them, and that no other living man has a right to move or breathe here!" Gourgues landed, however, obtained the water of which he was in need, and steered30 for Cape San Antonio, at the western end of Cuba. There he gathered his followers about him, and addressed them with his fiery Gascon eloquence31. For the first time, he told them his true purpose, inveighed32 against Spanish cruelty, and painted, with angry rhetoric33, the butcheries of Fort Caroline and St. Augustine.
"What disgrace," he cried, "if such an insult should pass unpunished! What glory to us if we avenge it! To this I have devoted34 my fortune. I relied on you. I thought you jealous enough of your country's glory to sacrifice life itself in a cause like this. Was I deceived? I will show you the way; I will be always at your head; I will bear the brunt of the danger. Will you refuse to follow me?"
At first his startled hearers listened in silence; but soon the passions of that adventurous35 age rose responsive to his words. The combustible36 French nature burst into flame. The enthusiasm of the soldiers rose to such a pitch that Gourgues had much ado to make them wait till the moon was full before tempting37 the perils38 of the Bahama Channel. His time came at length. The moon rode high above the lonely sea, and, silvered in its light, the ships of the avenger39 held their course.
Meanwhile, it had fared ill with the Spaniards in Florida; the good-will of the Indians had vanished. The French had been obtrusive40 and vexatious guests; but their worst trespasses41 had been mercy and tenderness compared to the daily outrage42 of the new-comers. Friendship had changed to aversion, aversion to hatred43, and hatred to open war. The forest paths were beset44; stragglers were cut off; and woe45 to the Spaniard who should venture after nightfall beyond call of the outposts.
Menendez, however, had strengthened himself in his new conquest. St. Augustine was well fortified46; Fort Caroline, now Fort San Mateo, was repaired; and two redoubts, or small forts, were thrown up to guard the mouth of the River of May,—one of them near the present lighthouse at Mayport, and the other across the river on Fort George Island. Thence, on an afternoon in early spring, the Spaniards saw three sail steering northward47. They suspected no enemy, and their batteries boomed a salute48. Gourgues's ships replied, then stood out to sea, and were lost in the shades of evening.
They kept their course all night, and, as day broke, anchored at the mouth of a river, the St. Mary's, or the Santilla, by their reckoning fifteen leagues north of the River of May. Here, as it grew light, Gourgues saw the borders of the sea thronged49 with savages50, armed and plumed52 for war. They, too, had mistaken the strangers for Spaniards, and mustered to meet their tyrants at the landing. But in the French ships there was a trumpeter who had been long in Florida, and knew the Indians well. He went towards them in a boat, with many gestures of friendship; and no sooner was he recognized, than the naked crowd, with yelps53 of delight, danced for joy along the sands. Why had he ever left them? they asked; and why had he not returned before? The intercourse54 thus auspiciously55 begun was actively56 kept up. Gourgues told the principal chief,—who was no other than Satouriona, once the ally of the French,—that he had come to visit them, make friendship with them, and bring them presents. At this last announcement, so grateful to Indian ears the dancing was renewed with double zeal57. The next morning was named for a grand council, and Satouriona sent runners to summon all Indians within call; while Gourgues, for safety, brought his vessels within the mouth of the river.
Morning came, and the woods were thronged with warriors59. Gourgues and his soldiers landed with martial60 pomp. In token of mutual61 confidence, the French laid aside their arquebuses, and the Indians their bows and arrows. Satouriona came to meet the strangers, and seated their commander at his side, on a wooden stool, draped and cushioned with the gray Spanish moss62. Two old Indians cleared the spot of brambles, weeds, and grass; and, when their task was finished, the tribesmen took their places, ring within ring, standing63, sitting, and crouching64 on the ground,—a dusky concourse, plumed in festal array, waiting with grave visages and intent eyes. Gourgues was about to speak, when the chief, who, says the narrator, had not learned French manners, anticipated him, and broke into a vehement65 harangue66, denouncing the cruelty of the Spaniards.
Since the French fort was taken, he said, the Indians had not had one happy day. The Spaniards drove them from their cabins, stole their corn, ravished their wives and daughters, and killed their children; and all this they had endured because they loved the French. There was a French boy who had escaped from the massacre67 at the fort; they had found him in the woods and though the Spaniards, who wished to kill him, demanded that they should give him up, they had kept him for his friends.
"Look!" pursued the chief, "here he is! "—and he brought forward a youth of sixteen, named Pierre Debre, who became at once of the greatest service to the French, his knowledge of the Indian language making him an excellent interpreter.
Delighted as he was at this outburst against the Spaniards, Gourgues did not see fit to display the full extent of his satisfaction. He thanked the Indians for their good-will, exhorted68 them to continue in it, and pronounced an ill-merited eulogy69 on the greatness and goodness of his King. As for the Spaniards, he said, their day of reckoning was at hand; and, if the Indians had been abused for their love of the French, the French would be their avengers. Here Satouriona forgot his dignity, and leaped up for joy.
"What!" he cried, "will you fight the Spaniards?"
"I came here," replied Gourgues, "only to reconnoitre the country and make friends with you, and then go back to bring more soldiers; but, when I hear what you are suffering from them, I wish to fall upon them this very day, and rescue you from their tyranny." All around the ring a clamor of applauding voices greeted his words.
"But you will do your part," pursued the Frenchman; "you will not leave us all the honor."
"We will go," replied Satouriona, "and die with you, if need be."
"Then, if we fight, we ought to fight at once. How soon can you have your warriors ready to march?"
The chief asked three days for preparation. Gourgues cautioned him to secrecy70, lest the Spaniards should take alarm.
"Never fear," was the answer; "we hate them more than you do."
Then came a distribution of gifts,—knives, hatchets71, mirrors, bells, and beads,—while the warrior58 rabble72 crowded to receive them, with eager faces and outstretched arms. The distribution over, Gourgues asked the chiefs if there was any other matter in which he could serve them. On this, pointing to his shirt, they expressed a peculiar73 admiration74 for that garment, and begged each to have one, to be worn at feasts and councils during life, and in their graves after death. Gourgues complied; and his grateful confederates were soon stalking about him, fluttering in the spoils of his wardrobe.
To learn the strength and position of the Spaniards, Gourgues now sent out three scouts75; and with them went Olotoraca, Satourioria's nephew, a young brave of great renown.
The chief, eager to prove his good faith, gave as hostages his only surviving son and his favorite wife. They were sent on board the ships, while the Indians dispersed76 to their encampments, with leaping, stamping, dancing, and whoops78 of jubilation79.
The day appointed came, and with it the savage51 army, hideous81 in war-paint, and plumed for battle. The woods rang back their songs and yells, as with frantic82 gesticulation they brandished83 their war-clubs and vaunted their deeds of prowess. Then they drank the black drink, endowed with mystic virtues84 against hardship and danger; and Gourgues himself pretended to swallow the nauseous decoction. 25
These ceremonies consumed the day. It was evening before the allies filed off into their forests, and took the path for the Spanish forts. The French, on their part, were to repair by sea to the rendezvous85. Gourgues mustered and addressed his men. It was needless: their ardor86 was at fever height. They broke in upon his words, and demanded to be led at once against the enemy. Francois Bourdelais, with twenty sailors, was left with the ships, and Gourgues affectionately bade him farewell.
"If I am slain87 in this most just enterprise," he said, "I leave all in your charge, and pray you to carry back my soldiers to France."
There were many embracings among the excited Frenchmen,—many sympathetic tears from those who were to stay behind,—many messages left with them for wives, children, friends, and mistresses; and then this valiant88 band pushed their boats from shore. It was a hare-brained venture, for, as young Debre had assured them, the Spaniards on the River of May were four hundred in number, secure behind their ramparts.
Hour after hour the sailors pulled at the oar. They glided89 slowly by the sombre shores in the shimmering90 moonlight, to the sound of the surf and the moaning pine-trees. In the gray of the morning, they came to the mouth of a river, probably the Nassau; and here a northeast wind set in with a violence that almost wrecked91 their boats. Their Indian allies were waiting on the bank, but for a while the gale92 delayed their crossing. The bolder French would lose no time, rowed through the tossing waves, and, landing safely, left their boats, and pushed into the forest. Gourgues took the lead, in breastplate and back-piece. At his side marched the young chief Olotoraca, with a French pike in his hand; and the files of arquebuse-men and armed sailors followed close behind. They plunged93 through swamps, hewed94 their way through brambly thickets95 and the matted intricacies of the forests, and, at five in the afternoon, almost spent with fatigue96 and hunger, came to a river or inlet of the sea, not far from the first Spanish fort. Here they found three hundred Indians waiting for them.
Tired as he was, Gourgues would not rest. He wished to attack at daybreak, and with ten arquebusiers and his Indian guide he set out to reconnoitre. Night closed upon him. It was a vain task to struggle on, in pitchy darkness, among trunks of trees, fallen logs, tangled97 vines, and swollen98 streams. Gourgues returned, anxious and gloomy. An Indian chief approached him, read through the darkness his perturbed99 look, and offered to lead him by a better path along the margin100 of the sea. Gourgues joyfully101 assented102, and ordered all his men to march. The Indians, better skilled in wood-craft, chose the shorter course through the forest.
The French forgot their weariness, and pressed on with speed. At dawn they and their allies met on the bank of a stream, probably Sister Creek103, beyond which, and very near, was the fort. But the tide was in, and they tried in vain to cross. Greatly vexed,—for he had hoped to take the enemy asleep,—Gourgues withdrew his soldiers into the forest, where they were no sooner ensconced than a drenching104 rain fell, and they had much ado to keep their gun-matches burning. The light grew fast. Gourgues plainly saw the fort, the defences of which seemed slight and unfinished. He even saw the Spaniards at work within. A feverish105 interval106 elapsed, till at length the tide was out,—so far, at least, that the stream was fordable. A little higher up, a clump107 of trees lay between it and the fort. Behind this friendly screen the passage was begun. Each man tied his powder-flask to his steel cap, held his arquebuse above his head with one hand, and grasped his sword with the other. The channel was a bed of oysters108. The sharp shells cut their feet as they waded109 through. But the farther bank was gained. They emerged from the water, drenched110, lacerated, and bleeding, but with unabated mettle111. Gourgues set them in array under cover of the trees. They stood with kindling112 eyes, and hearts throbbing113, but not with fear. Gourgues pointed80 to the Spanish fort, seen by glimpses through the boughs114. "Look I" he said, "there are the robbers who have stolen this land from our King; there are the murderers who have butchered our countrymen!" With voices eager, fierce, but half suppressed, they demanded to be led on.
Gourgues gave the word. Cazenove, his lientenant, with thirty men, pushed for the fort gate; he himself, with the main body, for the glacis. It was near noon; the Spaniards had just finished their meal, and, says the narrative115, "were still picking their teeth," when a startled cry rang in their ears:—"To arms! to arms! The French are coming! The French are coming!"
It was the voice of a cannoneer who had that moment mounted the rampart and seen the assailants advancing in unbroken ranks, with heads lowered and weapons at the charge. He fired his cannon116 among them. He even had time to load and fire again, when the light-limbed Olotoraca bounded forward, ran up the glacis, leaped the unfinished ditch, and drove his pike through the Spaniard from breast to back. Gourgues was now on the glacis, when he heard Cazenove shouting from the gate that the Spaniards were escaping on that side. He turned and led his men thither117 at a run. In a moment, the fugitives118, sixty in all, were enclosed between his party and that of his lieutenant. The Indians, too, came leaping to the spot. Not a Spaniard escaped. All were cut down but a few, reserved by Gourgues for a more inglorious end.
Meanwhile the Spaniards in the other fort, on the opposite shore, cannonaded the victors without ceasing. The latter turned four captured guns against them. One of Gourgues's boats, a very large one, had been brought along-shore, and, entering it with eighty soldiers, he pushed for the farther bank. With loud yells, the Indians leaped into the river, which is here about three fourths of a mile wide. Each held his bow and arrows aloft in one hand, while he swam with the other. A panic seized the garrison119 as they saw the savage multitude. They broke out of the fort and fled into the forest. But the French had already landed; and, throwing themselves in the path of the fugitives, they greeted them with a storm of lead. The terrified wretches120 recoiled121; but flight was vain. The Indian whoop77 rang behind them, and war-clubs and arrows finished the work. Gourgues's utmost efforts saved but fifteen, not out of mercy, but from a refinement122 of vengeance123.
The next day was Quasimodo Sunday, or the Sunday after Easter. Gourgues and his men remained quiet, making ladders for the assault on Fort San Mateo. Meanwhile the whole forest was in arms, and, far and near, the Indians were wild with excitement. They beset the Spanish fort till not a soldier could venture out. The garrison, aware of their danger, though ignorant of its extent, devised an expedient124 to gain information; and one of them, painted and feathered like an Indian, ventured within Gourgues's outposts. He himself chanced to be at hand, and by his side walked his constant attendant, Olotoraca. The keen-eyed young savage pierced the cheat at a glance. The spy was seized, and, being examined, declared that there were two hundred and sixty Spaniards in San Mateo, and that they believed the French to be two thousand, and were so frightened that they did not know what they were doing.
Gourgues, well pleased, pushed on to attack them. On Monday evening he sent forward the Indians to ambush125 themselves on both sides of the fort. In the morning he followed with his Frenchmen; and, as the glittering ranks came into view, defiling126 between the forest and the river, the Spaniards opened on them with culverins from a projecting bastion. The French took cover in the woods with which the hills below and behind the fort were densely127 overgrown. Here, himself unseen, Gourgues could survey whole extent of the defences, and he presently descried128 a strong party of Spaniards issuing from their works, crossing the ditch, and advancing to reconnoitre.
On this, he sent Cazenove, with a detachment, to station himself at a point well hidden by trees on the flank of the Spaniards, who, with strange infatuation, continued their advance. Gourgues and his followers pushed on through the thickets to meet them. As the Spaniards reached the edge of the open ground, a deadly fire blazed in their faces, and, before the smoke cleared, the French were among them, sword in hand. The survivors129 would have fled; but Cazenove's detachment fell upon their rear, and all were killed or taken.
When their comrades in the fort beheld130 their fate, a panic seized them. Conscious of their own deeds, perpetrated on this very spot, they could hope no mercy, and their terror multiplied immeasurably the numbers of their enemy. They abandoned the fort in a body, and fled into the woods most remote from the French. But here a deadlier foe131 awaited them; for a host of Indians leaped up from ambush. Then rose those hideous war-cries which have curdled132 the boldest blood and blanched133 the manliest134 cheek. The forest warriors, with savage ecstasy135, wreaked136 their long arrears137 of vengeance, while the French hastened to the spot, and lent their swords to the slaughter138. A few prisoners were saved alive; the rest were slain; and thus did the Spaniards make bloody139 atonement for the butchery of Fort Caroline.
But Gourgues's vengeance was not yet appeased140. Hard by the fort, the trees were pointed out to him on which Menendez had hanged his captives, and placed over them the inscription141, "Not as to Frenchmen, but as to Lutherans."
Gourgues ordered the Spanish prisoners to be led thither.
"Did you think," he sternly said, as the pallid142 wretches stood ranged before him, "that so vile143 a treachery, so detestable a cruelty, against a King so potent144 and a nation so generous, would go unpunished? I, one of the humblest gentlemen among my King's subjects, have charged myself with avenging145 it. Even if the Most Christian146 and the Most Catholic Kings had been enemies, at deadly war, such perfidy147 and extreme cruelty would still have been unpardonable. Now that they are friends and close allies, there is no name vile enough to brand your deeds, no punishment sharp enough to requite148 them. But though you cannot suffer as you deserve, you shall suffer all that an enemy can honorably inflict149, that your example may teach others to observe the peace and alliance which you have so perfidiously150 violated."
They were hanged where the French had hung before them; and over them was nailed the inscription, burned with a hot iron on a tablet of pine, "Not as to Spaniards, but as to Traitors151, Robbers, and Murderers."
Gourgues's mission was fulfilled. To occupy the country had never been his intention; nor was it possible, for the Spaniards were still in force at St. Augustine. His was a whirlwind visitation,—to ravage152, ruin, and vanish. He harangued153 the Indians, and exhorted them to demolish154 the fort. They fell to the work with eagerness, and in less than a day not one stone was left on another.
Gourgues returned to the forts at the mouth of the river, destroyed them also, and took up his march for his ships. It was a triumphal procession. The Indians thronged around the victors with gifts of fish and game; and an old woman declared that she was now ready to die, since she had seen the French once more.
The ships were ready for sea. Gourgues bade his disconsolate155 allies farewell, and nothing would content them but a promise to return soon. Before embarking156, he addressed his own men:—"My friends, let us give thanks to God for the success He has granted us. It is He who saved us from tempests; it is He who inclined the hearts of the Indians towards us; it is He who blinded the understanding of the Spaniards. They were four to one, in forts well armed and provisioned. Our right was our only strength; and yet we have conquered. Not to our own swords, but to God only, we owe our victory. Then let us thank Him, my friends; let us never forget His favors; and let us pray that He may continue them, saving us from dangers, and guiding us safely home. Let us pray, too, that He may so dispose the hearts of men that our perils and toils157 may find favor in the eyes of our King and of all France, since all we have done was done for the King's service and for the honor of our country."
Gourgues sailed on the third of May, and, gazing back along their foaming159 wake, the adventurers looked their last on the scene of their exploits. Their success had cost its price. A few of their number had fallen, and hardships still awaited the survivors. Gourgues, however, reached Rochelle on the day of Pentecost, and the Huguenot citizens greeted him with all honor. At court it fared worse with him. The King, still obsequious160 to Spain, looked on him coldly and askance. The Spanish minister demanded his head. It was hinted to him that he was not safe, and he withdrew to Ronen, where he found asylum161 among his friends. His fortune was gone; debts contracted for his expedition weighed heavily on him; and for years he lived in obscurity, almost in misery162.
At length his prospects163 brightened. Elizabeth of England learned his merits and his misfortunes, and invited him to enter her service. The King, who, says the Jesuit historian, had always at heart been delighted with his achievement, openly restored him to favor; while, some years later, Don Antonio tendered him command of his fleet, to defend his right to the crown of Portugal against Philip the Second. Gourgues, happy once more to cross swords with the Spaniards, gladly embraced this offer; but in 1583, on his way to join the Portuguese prince, he died at Tours of a sudden illness. The French mourned the loss of the man who had wiped a blot164 from the national scutcheon, and respected his memory as that of one of the best captains of his time. And, in truth, if a zealous165 patriotism166, a fiery valor167, and skilful168 leadership are worthy169 of honor, then is such a tribute due to Dominique de Gourgues, slave-catcher and half-pirate as he was, like other naval heroes of that wild age.
Romantic as was his exploit, it lacked the fullness of poetic170 justice, since the chief offender171 escaped him. While Gourgues was sailing towards Florida, Menendez was in Spain, high in favor at court, where he told to approving ears how he had butchered the heretics. Borgia, the sainted General of the Jesuits, was his fast friend; and two years later, when he returned to America, the Pope, Paul the Fifth, regarding him as an instrument for the conversion172 of the Indians, wrote him a letter with his benediction173. He re-established his power in Florida, rebuilt Fort San Mateo, and taught the Indians that death or flight was the only refuge from Spanish tyranny. They murdered his missionaries174 and spurned175 their doctrine176. "The Devil is the best thing in the world," they cried; "we adore him; he makes men brave." Even the Jesuits despaired, and abandoned Florida in disgust.
Menendez was summoned home, where fresh honors awaited him from the Crown, though, according to the somewhat doubtful assertion of the heretical Grotius, his deeds had left a stain upon his name among the people. He was given command of the armada of three hundred sail and twenty thousand men, which, in 1574, was gathered at Santander against England and Flanders. But now, at the height of his fortunes, his career was abruptly177 closed. He died suddenly, at the age of fifty-five. Grotius affirms that he killed himself; but, in his eagerness to point the moral of his story, he seems to have overstepped the bounds of historic truth. The Spanish bigot was rarely a suicide; for the rites178 of Christian burial and repose179 in consecrated180 ground were denied to the remains181 of the self-murderer. There is positive evidence, too, in a codicil182 to the will of Menendez, dated at Santander on the fifteenth of September, 1574, that he was on that day seriously ill, though, as the instrument declares, "of sound mind." There is reason, then, to believe that this pious183 cut-throat died a natural death, crowned with honors, and soothed184 by the consolations185 of his religion.
It was he who crushed French Protestantism in America. To plant religious freedom on this western soil was not the mission of France. It was for her to rear in northern forests the banner of absolutism and of Rome; while among the rocks of Massachusetts England and Calvin fronted her in dogged opposition186, long before the ice-crusted pines of Plymouth had listened to the rugged187 psalmody of the Puritan, the solitudes188 of Western New York and the stern wilderness189 of Lake Huron were trodden by the iron heel of the soldier and the sandalled foot of the Franciscan friar. France was the true pioneer of the Great West. They who bore the fleur-de-lis were always in the van, patient, daring, indomitable. And foremost on this bright roll of forest chivalry190 stands the half-forgotten name of Samuel de Champlain.
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renown
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| n.声誉，名望 | |
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wedded
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| adj.正式结婚的；渴望…的，执著于…的v.嫁，娶，（与…）结婚( wed的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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fiery
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determined
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brutal
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| adj.残忍的，野蛮的，不讲理的 | |
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oar
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galley
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| n.（飞机或船上的）厨房单层甲板大帆船；军舰舰长用的大划艇； | |
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vessel
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tyrants
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| 专制统治者( tyrant的名词复数 )； 暴君似的人； （古希腊的）僭主； 严酷的事物 | |
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knights
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| 骑士； （中古时代的）武士( knight的名词复数 )； 骑士； 爵士； （国际象棋中）马 | |
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naval
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grudge
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rankled
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foully
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recreant
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avenge
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lustre
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vessels
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| n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人 | |
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19
noted
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| adj.著名的，知名的 | |
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lieutenant
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| n.陆军中尉，海军上尉；代理官员，副职官员 | |
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21
mustered
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| v.集合，召集，集结（尤指部队）( muster的过去式和过去分词 )；（自他人处）搜集某事物；聚集；激发 | |
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22
followers
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| 追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件 | |
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23
cape
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| n.海角，岬；披肩，短披风 | |
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24
buffeted
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| 反复敲打( buffet的过去式和过去分词 )； 连续猛击； 打来打去； 推来搡去 | |
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25
Portuguese
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| n.葡萄牙人；葡萄牙语 | |
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26
onward
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| adj.向前的，前进的；adv.向前，前进，在先 | |
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27
steering
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| n.操舵装置 | |
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28
westward
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| n.西方，西部；adj.西方的，向西的；adv.向西 | |
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29
jealousy
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| n.妒忌，嫉妒，猜忌 | |
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30
steered
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| v.驾驶( steer的过去式和过去分词 )；操纵；控制；引导 | |
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31
eloquence
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| n.雄辩；口才，修辞 | |
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32
inveighed
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| v.猛烈抨击，痛骂，谩骂( inveigh的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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33
rhetoric
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| n.修辞学，浮夸之言语 | |
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34
devoted
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| adj.忠诚的，忠实的，热心的，献身于...的 | |
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35
adventurous
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| adj.爱冒险的；惊心动魄的，惊险的，刺激的 | |
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36
combustible
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| a. 易燃的,可燃的; n. 易燃物,可燃物 | |
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37
tempting
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| a.诱人的, 吸引人的 | |
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38
perils
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| 极大危险( peril的名词复数 )； 危险的事（或环境） | |
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39
avenger
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| n. 复仇者 | |
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40
obtrusive
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| adj.显眼的；冒失的 | |
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41
trespasses
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| 罪过( trespass的名词复数 )； 非法进入 | |
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42
outrage
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| n.暴行，侮辱，愤怒；vt.凌辱，激怒 | |
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43
hatred
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| n.憎恶，憎恨，仇恨 | |
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44
beset
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| v.镶嵌；困扰，包围 | |
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45
woe
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| n.悲哀，苦痛，不幸，困难；int.用来表达悲伤或惊慌 | |
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46
fortified
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| adj. 加强的 | |
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47
northward
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| adv.向北；n.北方的地区 | |
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48
salute
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| vi.行礼，致意，问候，放礼炮；vt.向…致意，迎接，赞扬；n.招呼，敬礼，礼炮 | |
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49
thronged
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| v.成群，挤满( throng的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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50
savages
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| 未开化的人，野蛮人( savage的名词复数 ) | |
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51
savage
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| adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人 | |
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52
plumed
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| 饰有羽毛的 | |
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53
yelps
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| n.（因痛苦、气愤、兴奋等的）短而尖的叫声( yelp的名词复数 )v.发出短而尖的叫声( yelp的第三人称单数 ) | |
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54
intercourse
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| n.性交；交流，交往，交际 | |
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55
auspiciously
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| adv.吉利； 繁荣昌盛； 前途顺利； 吉祥 | |
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56
actively
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| adv.积极地，勤奋地 | |
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57
zeal
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| n.热心，热情，热忱 | |
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58
warrior
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| n.勇士，武士，斗士 | |
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59
warriors
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| 武士，勇士，战士( warrior的名词复数 ) | |
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60
martial
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| adj.战争的，军事的，尚武的，威武的 | |
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61
mutual
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| adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的 | |
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62
moss
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| n.苔，藓，地衣 | |
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63
standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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64
crouching
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| v.屈膝，蹲伏( crouch的现在分词 ) | |
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65
vehement
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| adj.感情强烈的；热烈的；(人)有强烈感情的 | |
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66
harangue
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| n.慷慨冗长的训话，言辞激烈的讲话 | |
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67
massacre
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| n.残杀，大屠杀；v.残杀，集体屠杀 | |
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68
exhorted
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| v.劝告，劝说( exhort的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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69
eulogy
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| n.颂词；颂扬 | |
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70
secrecy
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| n.秘密，保密，隐蔽 | |
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71
hatchets
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| n.短柄小斧( hatchet的名词复数 )；恶毒攻击；诽谤；休战 | |
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72
rabble
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| n.乌合之众，暴民；下等人 | |
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73
peculiar
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| adj.古怪的，异常的；特殊的，特有的 | |
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74
admiration
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| n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕 | |
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75
scouts
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| 侦察员[机，舰]( scout的名词复数 )； 童子军； 搜索； 童子军成员 | |
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76
dispersed
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| adj. 被驱散的, 被分散的, 散布的 | |
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77
whoop
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| n.大叫，呐喊，喘息声；v.叫喊，喘息 | |
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78
whoops
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| int.呼喊声 | |
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79
jubilation
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| n.欢庆，喜悦 | |
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80
pointed
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| adj.尖的，直截了当的 | |
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81
hideous
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| adj.丑陋的，可憎的，可怕的，恐怖的 | |
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82
frantic
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| adj.狂乱的，错乱的，激昂的 | |
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83
brandished
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| v.挥舞( brandish的过去式和过去分词 )；炫耀 | |
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84
virtues
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| 美德( virtue的名词复数 )； 德行； 优点； 长处 | |
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85
rendezvous
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| n.约会，约会地点，汇合点；vi.汇合，集合；vt.使汇合，使在汇合地点相遇 | |
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86
ardor
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| n.热情，狂热 | |
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87
slain
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| 杀死，宰杀，杀戮( slay的过去分词 )； (slay的过去分词) | |
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88
valiant
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| adj.勇敢的，英勇的；n.勇士，勇敢的人 | |
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89
glided
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| v.滑动( glide的过去式和过去分词 )；掠过；（鸟或飞机 ） 滑翔 | |
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90
shimmering
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| v.闪闪发光，发微光( shimmer的现在分词 ) | |
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91
wrecked
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| adj.失事的，遇难的 | |
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92
gale
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| n.大风，强风，一阵闹声（尤指笑声等） | |
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93
plunged
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| v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降 | |
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94
hewed
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| v.（用斧、刀等）砍、劈( hew的过去式和过去分词 )；砍成；劈出；开辟 | |
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95
thickets
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| n.灌木丛( thicket的名词复数 )；丛状物 | |
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96
fatigue
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| n.疲劳，劳累 | |
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97
tangled
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| adj. 纠缠的，紊乱的 动词tangle的过去式和过去分词 | |
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98
swollen
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| adj.肿大的，水涨的；v.使变大，肿胀 | |
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99
perturbed
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| adj.烦燥不安的v.使（某人）烦恼，不安( perturb的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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100
margin
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| n.页边空白；差额；余地，余裕；边，边缘 | |
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101
joyfully
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| adv. 喜悦地, 高兴地 | |
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102
assented
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| 同意，赞成( assent的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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103
creek
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| n.小溪，小河，小湾 | |
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104
drenching
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| n.湿透v.使湿透( drench的现在分词 )；在某人（某物）上大量使用（某液体） | |
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105
feverish
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| adj.发烧的，狂热的，兴奋的 | |
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106
interval
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| n.间隔，间距；幕间休息，中场休息 | |
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107
clump
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| n.树丛，草丛；vi.用沉重的脚步行走 | |
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108
oysters
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| 牡蛎( oyster的名词复数 ) | |
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109
waded
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| （从水、泥等）蹚，走过，跋( wade的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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110
drenched
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| adj.湿透的；充满的v.使湿透( drench的过去式和过去分词 )；在某人（某物）上大量使用（某液体） | |
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111
mettle
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| n.勇气，精神 | |
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112
kindling
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| n. 点火, 可燃物 动词kindle的现在分词形式 | |
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113
throbbing
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| a. 跳动的,悸动的 | |
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114
boughs
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| 大树枝( bough的名词复数 ) | |
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115
narrative
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| n.叙述，故事；adj.叙事的，故事体的 | |
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116
cannon
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| n.大炮，火炮；飞机上的机关炮 | |
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117
thither
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| adv.向那里；adj.在那边的，对岸的 | |
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118
fugitives
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| n.亡命者，逃命者( fugitive的名词复数 ) | |
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119
garrison
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| n.卫戍部队；驻地，卫戍区；vt.派(兵)驻防 | |
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120
wretches
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| n.不幸的人( wretch的名词复数 )；可怜的人；恶棍；坏蛋 | |
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121
recoiled
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| v.畏缩( recoil的过去式和过去分词 )；退缩；报应；返回 | |
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122
refinement
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| n.文雅；高尚；精美；精制；精炼 | |
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123
vengeance
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| n.报复，报仇，复仇 | |
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124
expedient
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| adj.有用的，有利的；n.紧急的办法，权宜之计 | |
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125
ambush
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| n.埋伏(地点)；伏兵；v.埋伏；伏击 | |
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126
defiling
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| v.玷污( defile的现在分词 )；污染；弄脏；纵列行进 | |
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127
densely
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| ad.密集地；浓厚地 | |
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128
descried
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| adj.被注意到的，被发现的，被看到的 | |
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129
survivors
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| 幸存者，残存者，生还者( survivor的名词复数 ) | |
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130
beheld
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| v.看，注视( behold的过去式和过去分词 )；瞧；看呀；（叙述中用于引出某人意外的出现）哎哟 | |
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131
foe
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| n.敌人，仇敌 | |
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132
curdled
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| v.（使）凝结( curdle的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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133
blanched
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| v.使变白( blanch的过去式 )；使（植物）不见阳光而变白；酸洗（金属）使有光泽；用沸水烫（杏仁等）以便去皮 | |
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134
manliest
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| manly（有男子气概的）的最高级形式 | |
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135
ecstasy
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| n.狂喜，心醉神怡，入迷 | |
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136
wreaked
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| 诉诸（武力），施行（暴力），发（脾气）( wreak的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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137
arrears
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| n.到期未付之债，拖欠的款项；待做的工作 | |
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138
slaughter
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| n.屠杀，屠宰；vt.屠杀，宰杀 | |
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139
bloody
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| adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染 | |
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140
appeased
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| 安抚，抚慰( appease的过去式和过去分词 )； 绥靖（满足另一国的要求以避免战争） | |
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141
inscription
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| n.（尤指石块上的）刻印文字，铭文，碑文 | |
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142
pallid
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| adj.苍白的，呆板的 | |
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143
vile
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| adj.卑鄙的，可耻的，邪恶的；坏透的 | |
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144
potent
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| adj.强有力的，有权势的；有效力的 | |
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145
avenging
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| adj.报仇的，复仇的v.为…复仇，报…之仇( avenge的现在分词 )；为…报复 | |
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146
Christian
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| adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒 | |
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147
perfidy
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| n.背信弃义，不忠贞 | |
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148
requite
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| v.报酬，报答 | |
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149
inflict
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| vt.(on)把…强加给，使遭受，使承担 | |
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150
perfidiously
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| adv.不忠实地，背信地 | |
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151
traitors
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| 卖国贼( traitor的名词复数 )； 叛徒； 背叛者； 背信弃义的人 | |
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ravage
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| vt.使...荒废，破坏...；n.破坏，掠夺，荒废 | |
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153
harangued
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| v.高谈阔论( harangue的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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154
demolish
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| v.拆毁(建筑物等)，推翻(计划、制度等) | |
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155
disconsolate
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| adj.忧郁的，不快的 | |
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156
embarking
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| 乘船( embark的现在分词 )； 装载； 从事 | |
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157
toils
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| 网 | |
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158
reeking
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| v.发出浓烈的臭气( reek的现在分词 )；散发臭气；发出难闻的气味 (of sth)；明显带有（令人不快或生疑的跡象） | |
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159
foaming
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| adj.布满泡沫的；发泡 | |
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160
obsequious
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| adj.谄媚的，奉承的，顺从的 | |
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161
asylum
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| n.避难所，庇护所，避难 | |
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162
misery
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| n.痛苦，苦恼，苦难；悲惨的境遇，贫苦 | |
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163
prospects
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| n.希望，前途(恒为复数) | |
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164
blot
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| vt.弄脏（用吸墨纸）吸干；n.污点，污渍 | |
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165
zealous
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| adj.狂热的，热心的 | |
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166
patriotism
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| n.爱国精神，爱国心，爱国主义 | |
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167
valor
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| n.勇气，英勇 | |
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168
skilful
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| (=skillful)adj.灵巧的，熟练的 | |
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169
worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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170
poetic
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| adj.富有诗意的，有诗人气质的，善于抒情的 | |
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171
offender
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| n.冒犯者，违反者，犯罪者 | |
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172
conversion
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| n.转化，转换，转变 | |
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173
benediction
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| n.祝福；恩赐 | |
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174
missionaries
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| n.传教士( missionary的名词复数 ) | |
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175
spurned
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| v.一脚踢开，拒绝接受( spurn的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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176
doctrine
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| n.教义；主义；学说 | |
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177
abruptly
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| adv.突然地，出其不意地 | |
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178
rites
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| 仪式，典礼( rite的名词复数 ) | |
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179
repose
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| v.(使)休息；n.安息 | |
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180
consecrated
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| adj.神圣的，被视为神圣的v.把…奉为神圣，给…祝圣( consecrate的过去式和过去分词 )；奉献 | |
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181
remains
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| n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹 | |
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182
codicil
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| n.遗嘱的附录 | |
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183
pious
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| adj.虔诚的；道貌岸然的 | |
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184
soothed
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| v.安慰( soothe的过去式和过去分词 )；抚慰；使舒服；减轻痛苦 | |
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185
consolations
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| n.安慰，慰问( consolation的名词复数 )；起安慰作用的人（或事物） | |
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186
opposition
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| n.反对，敌对 | |
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187
rugged
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| adj.高低不平的，粗糙的，粗壮的，强健的 | |
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188
solitudes
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| n.独居( solitude的名词复数 )；孤独；荒僻的地方；人迹罕至的地方 | |
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189
wilderness
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| n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠 | |
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190
chivalry
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| n.骑士气概，侠义；（男人）对女人彬彬有礼，献殷勤 | |
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