Two days after, Mrs. Graham called at Linden-Car, contrary to the expectation of Rose, who entertained an idea that the mysterious occupant of Wildfell Hall would wholly disregard the common observances of civilized1 life, - in which opinion she was supported by the Wilsons, who testified that neither their call nor the Millwards' had been returned as yet. Now, however, the cause of that omission2 was explained, though not entirely3 to the satisfaction of Rose. Mrs. Graham had brought her child with her, and on my mother's expressing surprise that he could walk so far, she replied, - 'It is a long walk for him; but I must have either taken him with me, or relinquished4 the visit altogether; for I never leave him alone; and I think, Mrs. Markham, I must beg you to make my excuses to the Millwards and Mrs. Wilson, when you see them, as I fear I cannot do myself the pleasure of calling upon them till my little Arthur is able to accompany me.'
'But you have a servant,' said Rose; 'could you not leave him with her?'
'She has her own occupations to attend to; and besides, she is too old to run after a child, and he is too mercurial5 to be tied to an elderly woman.'
'But you left him to come to church.'
'Yes, once; but I would not have left him for any other purpose; and I think, in future, I must contrive6 to bring him with me, or stay at home.'
'Is he so mischievous7?' asked my mother, considerably8 shocked.
'No,' replied the lady, sadly smiling, as she stroked the wavy9 locks of her son, who was seated on a low stool at her feet; 'but he is my only treasure, and I am his only friend: so we don't like to be separated.'
'But, my dear, I call that doting,' said my plain-spoken parent. 'You should try to suppress such foolish fondness, as well to save your son from ruin as yourself from ridicule10.'
'Ruin! Mrs. Markham!'
'Yes; it is spoiling the child. Even at his age, he ought not to be always tied to his mother's apron-string; he should learn to be ashamed of it.'
'Mrs. Markham, I beg you will not say such things, in his presence, at least. I trust my son will never be ashamed to love his mother!' said Mrs. Graham, with a serious energy that startled the company.
My mother attempted to appease11 her by an explanation; but she seemed to think enough had been said on the subject, and abruptly12 turned the conversation.
'Just as I thought,' said I to myself: 'the lady's temper is none of the mildest, notwithstanding her sweet, pale face and lofty brow, where thought and suffering seem equally to have stamped their impress.'
All this time I was seated at a table on the other side of the room, apparently14 immersed in the perusal15 of a volume of the FARMER'S MAGAZINE, which I happened to have been reading at the moment of our visitor's arrival; and, not choosing to be over civil, I had merely bowed as she entered, and continued my occupation as before.
In a little while, however, I was sensible that some one was approaching me, with a light, but slow and hesitating tread. It was little Arthur, irresistibly17 attracted by my dog Sancho, that was lying at my feet. On looking up I beheld18 him standing13 about two yards off, with his clear blue eyes wistfully gazing on the dog, transfixed to the spot, not by fear of the animal, but by a timid disinclination to approach its master. A little encouragement, however, induced him to come forward. The child, though shy, was not sullen20. In a minute he was kneeling on the carpet, with his arms round Sancho's neck, and, in a minute or two more, the little fellow was seated on my knee, surveying with eager interest the various specimens21 of horses, cattle, pigs, and model farms portrayed22 in the volume before me. I glanced at his mother now and then to see how she relished23 the new-sprung intimacy24; and I saw, by the unquiet aspect of her eye, that for some reason or other she was uneasy at the child's position.
'Arthur,' said she, at length, 'come here. You are troublesome to Mr. Markham: he wishes to read.'
'By no means, Mrs. Graham; pray let him stay. I am as much amused as he is,' pleaded I. But still, with hand and eye, she silently called him to her side.
'No, mamma,' said the child; 'let me look at these pictures first; and then I'll come, and tell you all about them.'
'We are going to have a small party on Monday, the fifth of November,' said my mother; 'and I hope you will not refuse to make one, Mrs. Graham. You can bring your little boy with you, you know - I daresay we shall be able to amuse him; - and then you can make your own apologies to the Millwards and Wilsons - they will all be here, I expect.'
'Thank you, I never go to parties.'
'Oh! but this will be quite a family concern - early hours, and nobody here but ourselves, and just the Millwards and Wilsons, most of whom you already know, and Mr. Lawrence, your landlord, with whom you ought to make acquaintance.'
'I do know something of him - but you must excuse me this time; for the evenings, now, are dark and damp, and Arthur, I fear, is too delicate to risk exposure to their influence with impunity25. We must defer26 the enjoyment27 of your hospitality till the return of longer days and warmer nights.'
Rose, now, at a hint from my mother, produced a decanter of wine, with accompaniments of glasses and cake, from the cupboard and the oak sideboard, and the refreshment28 was duly presented to the guests. They both partook of the cake, but obstinately29 refused the wine, in spite of their hostess's hospitable30 attempts to force it upon them. Arthur, especially shrank from the ruby31 nectar as if in terror and disgust, and was ready to cry when urged to take it.
'Never mind, Arthur,' said his mamma; 'Mrs. Markham thinks it will do you good, as you were tired with your walk; but she will not oblige you to take it! - I daresay you will do very well without. He detests33 the very sight of wine,' she added, 'and the smell of it almost makes him sick. I have been accustomed to make him swallow a little wine or weak spirits-and-water, by way of medicine, when he was sick, and, in fact, I have done what I could to make him hate them.'
Everybody laughed, except the young widow and her son.
'Well, Mrs. Graham,' said my mother, wiping the tears of merriment from her bright blue eyes - 'well, you surprise me! I really gave you credit for having more sense. - The poor child will be the veriest milksop that ever was sopped34! Only think what a man you will make of him, if you persist in - '
'I think it a very excellent plan,' interrupted Mrs. Graham, with imperturbable35 gravity. 'By that means I hope to save him from one degrading vice36 at least. I wish I could render the incentives37 to every other equally innoxious in his case.'
'But by such means,' said I, 'you will never render him virtuous38. - What is it that constitutes virtue39, Mrs. Graham? Is it the circumstance of being able and willing to resist temptation; or that of having no temptations to resist? - Is he a strong man that overcomes great obstacles and performs surprising achievements, though by dint40 of great muscular exertion41, and at the risk of some subsequent fatigue42, or he that sits in his chair all day, with nothing to do more laborious43 than stirring the fire, and carrying his food to his mouth? If you would have your son to walk honourably44 through the world, you must not attempt to clear the stones from his path, but teach him to walk firmly over them - not insist upon leading him by the hand, but let him learn to go alone.'
'I will lead him by the hand, Mr. Markham, till he has strength to go alone; and I will clear as many stones from his path as I can, and teach him to avoid the rest - or walk firmly over them, as you say; - for when I have done my utmost, in the way of clearance45, there will still be plenty left to exercise all the agility46, steadiness, and circumspection47 he will ever have. - It is all very well to talk about noble resistance, and trials of virtue; but for fifty - or five hundred men that have yielded to temptation, show me one that has had virtue to resist. And why should I take it for granted that my son will be one in a thousand? - and not rather prepare for the worst, and suppose he will be like his - like the rest of mankind, unless I take care to prevent it?'
'You are very complimentary48 to us all,' I observed.
'I know nothing about you - I speak of those I do know - and when I see the whole race of mankind (with a few rare exceptions) stumbling and blundering along the path of life, sinking into every pitfall49, and breaking their shins over every impediment that lies in their way, shall I not use all the means in my power to insure for him a smoother and a safer passage?'
'Yes, but the surest means will be to endeavour to fortify50 him against temptation, not to remove it out of his way.'
'I will do both, Mr. Markham. God knows he will have temptations enough to assail51 him, both from within and without, when I have done all I can to render vice as uninviting to him, as it is abominable52 in its own nature - I myself have had, indeed, but few incentives to what the world calls vice, but yet I have experienced temptations and trials of another kind, that have required, on many occasions, more watchfulness53 and firmness to resist than I have hitherto been able to muster54 against them. And this, I believe, is what most others would acknowledge who are accustomed to reflection, and wishful to strive against their natural corruptions55.'
'Yes,' said my mother, but half apprehending56 her drift; 'but you would not judge of a boy by yourself - and, my dear Mrs. Graham, let me warn you in good time against the error - the fatal error, I may call it - of taking that boy's education upon yourself. Because you are clever in some things and well informed, you may fancy yourself equal to the task; but indeed you are not; and if you persist in the attempt, believe me you will bitterly repent57 it when the mischief58 is done.'
'I am to send him to school, I suppose, to learn to despise his mother's authority and affection!' said the lady, with rather a bitter smile.
'Oh, no! - But if you would have a boy to despise his mother, let her keep him at home, and spend her life in petting him up, and slaving to indulge his follies59 and caprices.'
'I perfectly60 agree with you, Mrs. Markham; but nothing can be further from my principles and practice than such criminal weakness as that.'
'Well, but you will treat him like a girl - you'll spoil his spirit, and make a mere16 Miss Nancy of him - you will, indeed, Mrs. Graham, whatever you may think. But I'll get Mr. Millward to talk to you about it:- he'll tell you the consequences; - he'll set it before you as plain as the day; - and tell you what you ought to do, and all about it; - and, I don't doubt, he'll be able to convince you in a minute.'
'No occasion to trouble the vicar,' said Mrs. Graham, glancing at me - I suppose I was smiling at my mother's unbounded confidence in that worthy61 gentleman - 'Mr. Markham here thinks his powers of conviction at least equal to Mr. Millward's. If I hear not him, neither should I be convinced though one rose from the dead, he would tell you. Well, Mr. Markham, you that maintain that a boy should not be shielded from evil, but sent out to battle against it, alone and unassisted - not taught to avoid the snares62 of life, but boldly to rush into them, or over them, as he may - to seek danger, rather than shun63 it, and feed his virtue by temptation, - would you -?'
'I beg your pardon, Mrs. Graham - but you get on too fast. I have not yet said that a boy should be taught to rush into the snares of life, - or even wilfully64 to seek temptation for the sake of exercising his virtue by overcoming it; - I only say that it is better to arm and strengthen your hero, than to disarm65 and enfeeble the foe66; - and if you were to rear an oak sapling in a hothouse, tending it carefully night and day, and shielding it from every breath of wind, you could not expect it to become a hardy67 tree, like that which has grown up on the mountain-side, exposed to all the action of the elements, and not even sheltered from the shock of the tempest.'
'Granted; - but would you use the same argument with regard to a girl?'
'Certainly not.'
'No; you would have her to be tenderly and delicately nurtured68, like a hot-house plant - taught to cling to others for direction and support, and guarded, as much as possible, from the very knowledge of evil. But will you be so good as to inform me why you make this distinction? Is it that you think she has no virtue?'
'Assuredly not.'
'Well, but you affirm that virtue is only elicited69 by temptation; - and you think that a woman cannot be too little exposed to temptation, or too little acquainted with vice, or anything connected therewith. It must be either that you think she is essentially70 so vicious, or so feeble-minded, that she cannot withstand temptation, - and though she may be pure and innocent as long as she is kept in ignorance and restraint, yet, being destitute71 of real virtue, to teach her how to sin is at once to make her a sinner, and the greater her knowledge, the wider her liberty, the deeper will be her depravity, - whereas, in the nobler sex, there is a natural tendency to goodness, guarded by a superior fortitude72, which, the more it is exercised by trials and dangers, is only the further developed - '
'Heaven forbid that I should think so!' I interrupted her at last.
'Well, then, it must be that you think they are both weak and prone73 to err32, and the slightest error, the merest shadow of pollution, will ruin the one, while the character of the other will be strengthened and embellished74 - his education properly finished by a little practical acquaintance with forbidden things. Such experience, to him (to use a trite75 simile), will be like the storm to the oak, which, though it may scatter76 the leaves, and snap the smaller branches, serves but to rivet77 the roots, and to harden and condense the fibres of the tree. You would have us encourage our sons to prove all things by their own experience, while our daughters must not even profit by the experience of others. Now I would have both so to benefit by the experience of others, and the precepts78 of a higher authority, that they should know beforehand to refuse the evil and choose the good, and require no experimental proofs to teach them the evil of transgression79. I would not send a poor girl into the world, unarmed against her foes80, and ignorant of the snares that beset81 her path; nor would I watch and guard her, till, deprived of self-respect and self-reliance, she lost the power or the will to watch and guard herself; - and as for my son - if I thought he would grow up to be what you call a man of the world - one that has "seen life," and glories in his experience, even though he should so far profit by it as to sober down, at length, into a useful and respected member of society - I would rather that he died to-morrow! - rather a thousand times!' she earnestly repeated, pressing her darling to her side and kissing his forehead with intense affection. He had already left his new companion, and been standing for some time beside his mother's knee, looking up into her face, and listening in silent wonder to her incomprehensible discourse82.
'Well! you ladies must always have the last word, I suppose,' said I, observing her rise, and begin to take leave of my mother.
'You may have as many words as you please, - only I can't stay to hear them.'
'No; that is the way: you hear just as much of an argument as you please; and the rest may be spoken to the wind.'
'If you are anxious to say anything more on the subject,' replied she, as she shook hands with Rose, 'you must bring your sister to see me some fine day, and I'll listen, as patiently as you could wish, to whatever you please to say. I would rather be lectured by you than the vicar, because I should have less remorse83 in telling you, at the end of the discourse, that I preserve my own opinion precisely84 the same as at the beginning - as would be the case, I am persuaded, with regard to either logician85.'
'Yes, of course,' replied I, determined86 to be as provoking as herself; 'for when a lady does consent to listen to an argument against her own opinions, she is always predetermined to withstand it - to listen only with her bodily ears, keeping the mental organs resolutely87 closed against the strongest reasoning.'
'Good-morning, Mr. Markham,' said my fair antagonist88, with a pitying smile; and deigning89 no further rejoinder, she slightly bowed, and was about to withdraw; but her son, with childish impertinence, arrested her by exclaiming, - 'Mamma, you have not shaken hands with Mr. Markham!'
She laughingly turned round and held out her hand. I gave it a spiteful squeeze, for I was annoyed at the continual injustice90 she had done me from the very dawn of our acquaintance. Without knowing anything about my real disposition91 and principles, she was evidently prejudiced against me, and seemed bent92 upon showing me that her opinions respecting me, on every particular, fell far below those I entertained of myself. I was naturally touchy93, or it would not have vexed94 me so much. Perhaps, too, I was a little bit spoiled by my mother and sister, and some other ladies of my acquaintance; - and yet I was by no means a fop - of that I am fully19 convinced, whether you are or not.
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civilized
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| a.有教养的，文雅的 | |
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omission
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| n.省略，删节；遗漏或省略的事物，冗长 | |
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entirely
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| ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地 | |
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relinquished
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| 交出，让给( relinquish的过去式和过去分词 )； 放弃 | |
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mercurial
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| adj.善变的，活泼的 | |
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contrive
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| vt.谋划，策划；设法做到；设计，想出 | |
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mischievous
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| adj.调皮的，恶作剧的，有害的，伤人的 | |
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considerably
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| adv.极大地；相当大地；在很大程度上 | |
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wavy
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| adj.有波浪的，多浪的，波浪状的，波动的，不稳定的 | |
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ridicule
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| v.讥讽，挖苦；n.嘲弄 | |
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appease
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| v.安抚，缓和，平息，满足 | |
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abruptly
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| adv.突然地，出其不意地 | |
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standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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apparently
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| adv.显然地；表面上，似乎 | |
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perusal
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| n.细读，熟读；目测 | |
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mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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irresistibly
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| adv.无法抵抗地，不能自持地；极为诱惑人地 | |
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beheld
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| v.看，注视( behold的过去式和过去分词 )；瞧；看呀；（叙述中用于引出某人意外的出现）哎哟 | |
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fully
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| adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地 | |
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sullen
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| adj.愠怒的，闷闷不乐的，(天气等)阴沉的 | |
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specimens
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| n.样品( specimen的名词复数 )；范例；（化验的）抽样；某种类型的人 | |
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portrayed
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| v.画像( portray的过去式和过去分词 )；描述；描绘；描画 | |
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relished
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| v.欣赏( relish的过去式和过去分词 )；从…获得乐趣；渴望 | |
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intimacy
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| n.熟悉，亲密，密切关系，亲昵的言行 | |
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impunity
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| n.(惩罚、损失、伤害等的)免除 | |
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defer
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| vt.推迟，拖延；vi.(to)遵从，听从，服从 | |
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enjoyment
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| n.乐趣；享有；享用 | |
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refreshment
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| n.恢复，精神爽快，提神之事物；（复数）refreshments:点心，茶点 | |
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obstinately
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| ad.固执地，顽固地 | |
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hospitable
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| adj.好客的；宽容的；有利的，适宜的 | |
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ruby
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| n.红宝石，红宝石色 | |
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err
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| vi.犯错误，出差错 | |
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detests
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| v.憎恶，嫌恶，痛恨( detest的第三人称单数 ) | |
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sopped
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| adj.湿透的，浸透的v.将（面包等）在液体中蘸或浸泡( sop的过去式和过去分词 )；用海绵、布等吸起（液体等） | |
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imperturbable
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| adj.镇静的 | |
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vice
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| n.坏事；恶习；[pl.]台钳，老虎钳；adj.副的 | |
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incentives
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| 激励某人做某事的事物( incentive的名词复数 )； 刺激； 诱因； 动机 | |
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virtuous
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| adj.有品德的，善良的，贞洁的，有效力的 | |
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virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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dint
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| n.由于，靠；凹坑 | |
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exertion
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| n.尽力，努力 | |
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fatigue
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| n.疲劳，劳累 | |
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laborious
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| adj.吃力的，努力的，不流畅 | |
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honourably
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| adv.可尊敬地，光荣地，体面地 | |
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clearance
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| n.净空；许可(证)；清算；清除，清理 | |
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agility
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| n.敏捷，活泼 | |
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circumspection
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| n.细心，慎重 | |
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complimentary
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| adj.赠送的，免费的，赞美的，恭维的 | |
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pitfall
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| n.隐患，易犯的错误；陷阱，圈套 | |
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fortify
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| v.强化防御，为…设防；加强，强化 | |
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assail
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| v.猛烈攻击，抨击，痛斥 | |
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abominable
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| adj.可厌的，令人憎恶的 | |
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watchfulness
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| 警惕，留心； 警觉（性） | |
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muster
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| v.集合，收集，鼓起，激起；n.集合，检阅，集合人员，点名册 | |
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corruptions
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| n.堕落( corruption的名词复数 )；腐化；腐败；贿赂 | |
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apprehending
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| 逮捕，拘押( apprehend的现在分词 )； 理解 | |
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repent
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| v.悔悟，悔改，忏悔，后悔 | |
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mischief
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| n.损害，伤害，危害；恶作剧，捣蛋，胡闹 | |
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follies
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| 罪恶，时事讽刺剧； 愚蠢，蠢笨，愚蠢的行为、思想或做法( folly的名词复数 ) | |
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perfectly
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| adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地 | |
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worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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snares
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| n.陷阱( snare的名词复数 )；圈套；诱人遭受失败（丢脸、损失等）的东西；诱惑物v.用罗网捕捉，诱陷，陷害( snare的第三人称单数 ) | |
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63
shun
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| vt.避开，回避，避免 | |
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wilfully
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| adv.任性固执地；蓄意地 | |
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disarm
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| v.解除武装，回复平常的编制，缓和 | |
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foe
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| n.敌人，仇敌 | |
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hardy
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| adj.勇敢的，果断的，吃苦的；耐寒的 | |
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nurtured
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| 养育( nurture的过去式和过去分词 )； 培育； 滋长； 助长 | |
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elicited
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| 引出，探出( elicit的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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essentially
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| adv.本质上，实质上，基本上 | |
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destitute
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| adj.缺乏的；穷困的 | |
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fortitude
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| n.坚忍不拔；刚毅 | |
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prone
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| adj.(to)易于…的，很可能…的；俯卧的 | |
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embellished
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| v.美化( embellish的过去式和过去分词 )；装饰；修饰；润色 | |
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trite
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| adj.陈腐的 | |
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scatter
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| vt.撒，驱散，散开；散布/播；vi.分散，消散 | |
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rivet
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| n.铆钉；vt.铆接，铆牢；集中(目光或注意力) | |
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precepts
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| n.规诫，戒律，箴言( precept的名词复数 ) | |
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transgression
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| n.违背；犯规；罪过 | |
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80
foes
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| 敌人，仇敌( foe的名词复数 ) | |
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beset
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| v.镶嵌；困扰，包围 | |
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discourse
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| n.论文，演说；谈话；话语；vi.讲述，著述 | |
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83
remorse
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| n.痛恨，悔恨，自责 | |
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84
precisely
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| adv.恰好，正好，精确地，细致地 | |
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logician
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| n.逻辑学家 | |
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determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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resolutely
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| adj.坚决地，果断地 | |
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antagonist
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| n.敌人，对抗者，对手 | |
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deigning
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| v.屈尊，俯就( deign的现在分词 ) | |
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90
injustice
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| n.非正义，不公正，不公平，侵犯（别人的）权利 | |
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disposition
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| n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署 | |
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92
bent
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| n.爱好，癖好；adj.弯的；决心的，一心的 | |
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touchy
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| adj.易怒的；棘手的 | |
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vexed
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| adj.争论不休的；（指问题等）棘手的；争论不休的问题；烦恼的v.使烦恼( vex的过去式和过去分词 )；使苦恼；使生气；详细讨论 | |
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