'OH, my friends, the down-trodden operatives of Coketown! Oh, my friends and fellow-countrymen, the slaves of an iron-handed and a grinding despotism! Oh, my friends and fellow-sufferers, and fellow-workmen, and fellow-men! I tell you that the hour is come, when we must rally round one another as One united power, and crumble1 into dust the oppressors that too long have battened upon the plunder2 of our families, upon the sweat of our brows, upon the labour of our hands, upon the strength of our sinews, upon the God- created glorious rights of Humanity, and upon the holy and eternal privileges of Brotherhood3!'
'Good!' 'Hear, hear, hear!' 'Hurrah4!' and other cries, arose in many voices from various parts of the densely5 crowded and suffocatingly6 close Hall, in which the orator7, perched on a stage, delivered himself of this and what other froth and fume8 he had in him. He had declaimed himself into a violent heat, and was as hoarse9 as he was hot. By dint10 of roaring at the top of his voice under a flaring11 gaslight, clenching12 his fists, knitting his brows, setting his teeth, and pounding with his arms, he had taken so much out of himself by this time, that he was brought to a stop, and called for a glass of water.
As he stood there, trying to quench13 his fiery14 face with his drink of water, the comparison between the orator and the crowd of attentive15 faces turned towards him, was extremely to his disadvantage. Judging him by Nature's evidence, he was above the mass in very little but the stage on which he stood. In many great respects he was essentially16 below them. He was not so honest, he was not so manly17, he was not so good-humoured; he substituted cunning for their simplicity18, and passion for their safe solid sense. An ill-made, high-shouldered man, with lowering brows, and his features crushed into an habitually19 sour expression, he contrasted most unfavourably, even in his mongrel dress, with the great body of his hearers in their plain working clothes. Strange as it always is to consider any assembly in the act of submissively resigning itself to the dreariness20 of some complacent21 person, lord or commoner, whom three-fourths of it could, by no human means, raise out of the slough22 of inanity23 to their own intellectual level, it was particularly strange, and it was even particularly affecting, to see this crowd of earnest faces, whose honesty in the main no competent observer free from bias24 could doubt, so agitated25 by such a leader.
Good! Hear, hear! Hurrah! The eagerness both of attention and intention, exhibited in all the countenances26, made them a most impressive sight. There was no carelessness, no languor27, no idle curiosity; none of the many shades of indifference28 to be seen in all other assemblies, visible for one moment there. That every man felt his condition to be, somehow or other, worse than it might be; that every man considered it incumbent29 on him to join the rest, towards the making of it better; that every man felt his only hope to be in his allying himself to the comrades by whom he was surrounded; and that in this belief, right or wrong (unhappily wrong then), the whole of that crowd were gravely, deeply, faithfully in earnest; must have been as plain to any one who chose to see what was there, as the bare beams of the roof and the whitened brick walls. Nor could any such spectator fail to know in his own breast, that these men, through their very delusions30, showed great qualities, susceptible31 of being turned to the happiest and best account; and that to pretend (on the strength of sweeping32 axioms, howsoever cut and dried) that they went astray wholly without cause, and of their own irrational33 wills, was to pretend that there could be smoke without fire, death without birth, harvest without seed, anything or everything produced from nothing.
The orator having refreshed himself, wiped his corrugated34 forehead from left to right several times with his handkerchief folded into a pad, and concentrated all his revived forces, in a sneer35 of great disdain36 and bitterness.
'But oh, my friends and brothers! Oh, men and Englishmen, the down-trodden operatives of Coketown! What shall we say of that man - that working-man, that I should find it necessary so to libel the glorious name - who, being practically and well acquainted with the grievances37 and wrongs of you, the injured pith and marrow38 of this land, and having heard you, with a noble and majestic39 unanimity40 that will make Tyrants41 tremble, resolve for to subscribe42 to the funds of the United Aggregate43 Tribunal, and to abide44 by the injunctions issued by that body for your benefit, whatever they may be - what, I ask you, will you say of that working-man, since such I must acknowledge him to be, who, at such a time, deserts his post, and sells his flag; who, at such a time, turns a traitor45 and a craven and a recreant46, who, at such a time, is not ashamed to make to you the dastardly and humiliating avowal47 that he will hold himself aloof48, and will not be one of those associated in the gallant49 stand for Freedom and for Right?'
The assembly was divided at this point. There were some groans50 and hisses51, but the general sense of honour was much too strong for the condemnation52 of a man unheard. 'Be sure you're right, Slackbridge!' 'Put him up!' 'Let's hear him!' Such things were said on many sides. Finally, one strong voice called out, 'Is the man heer? If the man's heer, Slackbridge, let's hear the man himseln, 'stead o' yo.' Which was received with a round of applause.
Slackbridge, the orator, looked about him with a withering53 smile; and, holding out his right hand at arm's length (as the manner of all Slackbridges is), to still the thundering sea, waited until there was a profound silence.
'Oh, my friends and fellow-men!' said Slackbridge then, shaking his head with violent scorn, 'I do not wonder that you, the prostrate54 sons of labour, are incredulous of the existence of such a man. But he who sold his birthright for a mess of pottage existed, and Judas Iscariot existed, and Castlereagh existed, and this man exists!'
Here, a brief press and confusion near the stage, ended in the man himself standing55 at the orator's side before the concourse. He was pale and a little moved in the face - his lips especially showed it; but he stood quiet, with his left hand at his chin, waiting to be heard. There was a chairman to regulate the proceedings56, and this functionary57 now took the case into his own hands.
'My friends,' said he, 'by virtue58 o' my office as your president, I askes o' our friend Slackbridge, who may be a little over hetter in this business, to take his seat, whiles this man Stephen Blackpool is heern. You all know this man Stephen Blackpool. You know him awlung o' his misfort'ns, and his good name.'
With that, the chairman shook him frankly59 by the hand, and sat down again. Slackbridge likewise sat down, wiping his hot forehead - always from left to right, and never the reverse way.
'My friends,' Stephen began, in the midst of a dead calm; 'I ha' hed what's been spok'n o' me, and 'tis lickly that I shan't mend it. But I'd liefer you'd hearn the truth concernin myseln, fro my lips than fro onny other man's, though I never cud'n speak afore so monny, wi'out bein moydert and muddled60.'
Slackbridge shook his head as if he would shake it off, in his bitterness.
'I'm th' one single Hand in Bounderby's mill, o' a' the men theer, as don't coom in wi' th' proposed reg'lations. I canna coom in wi' 'em. My friends, I doubt their doin' yo onny good. Licker they'll do yo hurt.'
Slackbridge laughed, folded his arms, and frowned sarcastically61.
'But 't an't sommuch for that as I stands out. If that were aw, I'd coom in wi' th' rest. But I ha' my reasons - mine, yo see - for being hindered; not on'y now, but awlus - awlus - life long!'
Slackbridge jumped up and stood beside him, gnashing and tearing. 'Oh, my friends, what but this did I tell you? Oh, my fellow- countrymen, what warning but this did I give you? And how shows this recreant conduct in a man on whom unequal laws are known to have fallen heavy? Oh, you Englishmen, I ask you how does this subornation show in one of yourselves, who is thus consenting to his own undoing62 and to yours, and to your children's and your children's children's?'
There was some applause, and some crying of Shame upon the man; but the greater part of the audience were quiet. They looked at Stephen's worn face, rendered more pathetic by the homely63 emotions it evinced; and, in the kindness of their nature, they were more sorry than indignant.
''Tis this Delegate's trade for t' speak,' said Stephen, 'an' he's paid for 't, an' he knows his work. Let him keep to 't. Let him give no heed64 to what I ha had'n to bear. That's not for him. That's not for nobbody but me.'
There was a propriety65, not to say a dignity in these words, that made the hearers yet more quiet and attentive. The same strong voice called out, 'Slackbridge, let the man be heern, and howd thee tongue!' Then the place was wonderfully still.
'My brothers,' said Stephen, whose low voice was distinctly heard, 'and my fellow-workmen - for that yo are to me, though not, as I knows on, to this delegate here - I ha but a word to sen, and I could sen nommore if I was to speak till Strike o' day. I know weel, aw what's afore me. I know weel that yo aw resolve to ha nommore ado wi' a man who is not wi' yo in this matther. I know weel that if I was a lyin parisht i' th' road, yo'd feel it right to pass me by, as a forrenner and stranger. What I ha getn, I mun mak th' best on.'
'Stephen Blackpool,' said the chairman, rising, 'think on 't agen. Think on 't once agen, lad, afore thou'rt shunned66 by aw owd friends.'
There was an universal murmur67 to the same effect, though no man articulated a word. Every eye was fixed68 on Stephen's face. To repent69 of his determination, would be to take a load from all their minds. He looked around him, and knew that it was so. Not a grain of anger with them was in his heart; he knew them, far below their surface weaknesses and misconceptions, as no one but their fellow- labourer could.
'I ha thowt on 't, above a bit, sir. I simply canna coom in. I mun go th' way as lays afore me. I mun tak my leave o' aw heer.'
He made a sort of reverence70 to them by holding up his arms, and stood for the moment in that attitude; not speaking until they slowly dropped at his sides.
'Monny's the pleasant word as soom heer has spok'n wi' me; monny's the face I see heer, as I first seen when I were yoong and lighter71 heart'n than now. I ha' never had no fratch afore, sin ever I were born, wi' any o' my like; Gonnows I ha' none now that's o' my makin'. Yo'll ca' me traitor and that - yo I mean t' say,' addressing Slackbridge, 'but 'tis easier to ca' than mak' out. So let be.'
He had moved away a pace or two to come down from the platform, when he remembered something he had not said, and returned again.
'Haply,' he said, turning his furrowed72 face slowly about, that he might as it were individually address the whole audience, those both near and distant; 'haply, when this question has been tak'n up and discoosed, there'll be a threat to turn out if I'm let to work among yo. I hope I shall die ere ever such a time cooms, and I shall work solitary73 among yo unless it cooms - truly, I mun do 't, my friends; not to brave yo, but to live. I ha nobbut work to live by; and wheerever can I go, I who ha worked sin I were no heighth at aw, in Coketown heer? I mak' no complaints o' bein turned to the wa', o' bein outcasten and overlooken fro this time forrard, but hope I shall be let to work. If there is any right for me at aw, my friends, I think 'tis that.'
Not a word was spoken. Not a sound was audible in the building, but the slight rustle74 of men moving a little apart, all along the centre of the room, to open a means of passing out, to the man with whom they had all bound themselves to renounce75 companionship. Looking at no one, and going his way with a lowly steadiness upon him that asserted nothing and sought nothing, Old Stephen, with all his troubles on his head, left the scene.
Then Slackbridge, who had kept his oratorical76 arm extended during the going out, as if he were repressing with infinite solicitude77 and by a wonderful moral power the vehement78 passions of the multitude, applied79 himself to raising their spirits. Had not the Roman Brutus, oh, my British countrymen, condemned80 his son to death; and had not the Spartan81 mothers, oh my soon to be victorious82 friends, driven their flying children on the points of their enemies' swords? Then was it not the sacred duty of the men of Coketown, with forefathers83 before them, an admiring world in company with them, and a posterity84 to come after them, to hurl85 out traitors86 from the tents they had pitched in a sacred and a God-like cause? The winds of heaven answered Yes; and bore Yes, east, west, north, and south. And consequently three cheers for the United Aggregate Tribunal!
Slackbridge acted as fugleman, and gave the time. The multitude of doubtful faces (a little conscience-stricken) brightened at the sound, and took it up. Private feeling must yield to the common cause. Hurrah! The roof yet vibrated with the cheering, when the assembly dispersed87.
Thus easily did Stephen Blackpool fall into the loneliest of lives, the life of solitude88 among a familiar crowd. The stranger in the land who looks into ten thousand faces for some answering look and never finds it, is in cheering society as compared with him who passes ten averted89 faces daily, that were once the countenances of friends. Such experience was to be Stephen's now, in every waking moment of his life; at his work, on his way to it and from it, at his door, at his window, everywhere. By general consent, they even avoided that side of the street on which he habitually walked; and left it, of all the working men, to him only.
He had been for many years, a quiet silent man, associating but little with other men, and used to companionship with his own thoughts. He had never known before the strength of the want in his heart for the frequent recognition of a nod, a look, a word; or the immense amount of relief that had been poured into it by drops through such small means. It was even harder than he could have believed possible, to separate in his own conscience his abandonment by all his fellows from a baseless sense of shame and disgrace.
The first four days of his endurance were days so long and heavy, that he began to be appalled90 by the prospect91 before him. Not only did he see no Rachael all the time, but he avoided every chance of seeing her; for, although he knew that the prohibition92 did not yet formally extend to the women working in the factories, he found that some of them with whom he was acquainted were changed to him, and he feared to try others, and dreaded93 that Rachael might be even singled out from the rest if she were seen in his company. So, he had been quite alone during the four days, and had spoken to no one, when, as he was leaving his work at night, a young man of a very light complexion94 accosted95 him in the street.
'Your name's Blackpool, ain't it?' said the young man.
Stephen coloured to find himself with his hat in his hand, in his gratitude96 for being spoken to, or in the suddenness of it, or both. He made a feint of adjusting the lining97, and said, 'Yes.'
'You are the Hand they have sent to Coventry, I mean?' said Bitzer, the very light young man in question.
Stephen answered 'Yes,' again.
'I supposed so, from their all appearing to keep away from you. Mr. Bounderby wants to speak to you. You know his house, don't you?'
Stephen said 'Yes,' again.
'Then go straight up there, will you?' said Bitzer. 'You're expected, and have only to tell the servant it's you. I belong to the Bank; so, if you go straight up without me (I was sent to fetch you), you'll save me a walk.'
Stephen, whose way had been in the contrary direction, turned about, and betook himself as in duty bound, to the red brick castle of the giant Bounderby.
收听单词发音 |
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crumble
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| vi.碎裂，崩溃；vt.弄碎，摧毁 | |
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plunder
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| vt.劫掠财物，掠夺；n.劫掠物，赃物；劫掠 | |
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brotherhood
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| n.兄弟般的关系，手中情谊 | |
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hurrah
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| int.好哇，万岁，乌拉 | |
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densely
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| ad.密集地；浓厚地 | |
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suffocatingly
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| 令人窒息地 | |
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orator
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| n.演说者，演讲者，雄辩家 | |
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fume
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| n.(usu pl.)(浓烈或难闻的)烟，气，汽 | |
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hoarse
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| adj.嘶哑的，沙哑的 | |
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dint
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| n.由于，靠；凹坑 | |
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flaring
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| a.火焰摇曳的，过份艳丽的 | |
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clenching
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| v.紧握，抓紧，咬紧( clench的现在分词 ) | |
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quench
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| vt.熄灭，扑灭；压制 | |
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fiery
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| adj.燃烧着的，火红的；暴躁的；激烈的 | |
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attentive
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| adj.注意的，专心的；关心(别人)的，殷勤的 | |
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essentially
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| adv.本质上，实质上，基本上 | |
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manly
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| adj.有男子气概的；adv.男子般地，果断地 | |
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simplicity
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| n.简单，简易；朴素；直率，单纯 | |
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habitually
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| ad.习惯地，通常地 | |
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dreariness
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| 沉寂，可怕，凄凉 | |
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complacent
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| adj.自满的；自鸣得意的 | |
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slough
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| v.蜕皮，脱落，抛弃 | |
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inanity
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| n.无意义，无聊 | |
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bias
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| n.偏见，偏心，偏袒；vt.使有偏见 | |
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agitated
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| adj.被鼓动的，不安的 | |
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countenances
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| n.面容( countenance的名词复数 )；表情；镇静；道义支持 | |
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languor
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| n.无精力，倦怠 | |
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indifference
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| n.不感兴趣，不关心，冷淡，不在乎 | |
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incumbent
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| adj.成为责任的，有义务的；现任的，在职的 | |
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delusions
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| n.欺骗( delusion的名词复数 )；谬见；错觉；妄想 | |
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susceptible
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| adj.过敏的，敏感的；易动感情的，易受感动的 | |
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sweeping
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| adj.范围广大的，一扫无遗的 | |
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irrational
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| adj.无理性的，失去理性的 | |
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corrugated
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| adj.波纹的；缩成皱纹的；波纹面的；波纹状的v.（使某物）起皱褶(corrugate的过去式和过去分词) | |
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sneer
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| v.轻蔑；嘲笑；n.嘲笑，讥讽的言语 | |
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disdain
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| n.鄙视，轻视；v.轻视，鄙视，不屑 | |
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grievances
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| n.委屈( grievance的名词复数 )；苦衷；不满；牢骚 | |
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marrow
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| n.骨髓；精华；活力 | |
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majestic
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| adj.雄伟的，壮丽的，庄严的，威严的，崇高的 | |
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unanimity
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| n.全体一致，一致同意 | |
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tyrants
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| 专制统治者( tyrant的名词复数 )； 暴君似的人； （古希腊的）僭主； 严酷的事物 | |
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subscribe
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| vi.(to)订阅，订购；同意；vt.捐助，赞助 | |
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aggregate
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| adj.总计的，集合的；n.总数；v.合计；集合 | |
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abide
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| vi.遵守；坚持；vt.忍受 | |
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traitor
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| n.叛徒，卖国贼 | |
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recreant
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| n.懦夫；adj.胆怯的 | |
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avowal
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| n.公开宣称，坦白承认 | |
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aloof
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| adj.远离的；冷淡的，漠不关心的 | |
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gallant
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| adj.英勇的，豪侠的；(向女人)献殷勤的 | |
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groans
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| n.呻吟，叹息( groan的名词复数 )；呻吟般的声音v.呻吟( groan的第三人称单数 )；发牢骚；抱怨；受苦 | |
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hisses
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| 嘶嘶声( hiss的名词复数 ) | |
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condemnation
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| n.谴责; 定罪 | |
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withering
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| 使人畏缩的，使人害羞的，使人难堪的 | |
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prostrate
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| v.拜倒，平卧，衰竭；adj.拜倒的，平卧的，衰竭的 | |
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standing
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| n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的 | |
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proceedings
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| n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报 | |
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functionary
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| n.官员；公职人员 | |
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58
virtue
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| n.德行，美德；贞操；优点；功效，效力 | |
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59
frankly
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| adv.坦白地，直率地；坦率地说 | |
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60
muddled
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| adj.混乱的；糊涂的；头脑昏昏然的v.弄乱，弄糟( muddle的过去式)；使糊涂；对付，混日子 | |
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61
sarcastically
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| adv.挖苦地，讽刺地 | |
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undoing
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| n.毁灭的原因，祸根；破坏，毁灭 | |
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homely
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| adj.家常的，简朴的；不漂亮的 | |
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64
heed
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| v.注意，留意；n.注意，留心 | |
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propriety
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| n.正当行为；正当；适当 | |
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shunned
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| v.避开，回避，避免( shun的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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murmur
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| n.低语，低声的怨言；v.低语，低声而言 | |
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fixed
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| adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的 | |
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repent
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| v.悔悟，悔改，忏悔，后悔 | |
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reverence
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| n.敬畏，尊敬，尊严；Reverence:对某些基督教神职人员的尊称；v.尊敬，敬畏，崇敬 | |
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71
lighter
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| n.打火机，点火器；驳船；v.用驳船运送；light的比较级 | |
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furrowed
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| v.犁田，开沟( furrow的过去式和过去分词 ) | |
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solitary
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| adj.孤独的，独立的，荒凉的；n.隐士 | |
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rustle
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| v.沙沙作响；偷盗(牛、马等)；n.沙沙声声 | |
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renounce
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| v.放弃；拒绝承认，宣布与…断绝关系 | |
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oratorical
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| adj.演说的，雄辩的 | |
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solicitude
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| n.焦虑 | |
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vehement
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| adj.感情强烈的；热烈的；(人)有强烈感情的 | |
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applied
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| adj.应用的；v.应用，适用 | |
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80
condemned
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| adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词 | |
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81
spartan
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| adj.简朴的，刻苦的；n.斯巴达；斯巴达式的人 | |
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victorious
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| adj.胜利的，得胜的 | |
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83
forefathers
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| n.祖先，先人；祖先，祖宗( forefather的名词复数 )；列祖列宗；前人 | |
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posterity
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| n.后裔，子孙，后代 | |
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85
hurl
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| vt.猛投，力掷，声叫骂 | |
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86
traitors
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| 卖国贼( traitor的名词复数 )； 叛徒； 背叛者； 背信弃义的人 | |
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dispersed
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| adj. 被驱散的, 被分散的, 散布的 | |
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88
solitude
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| n. 孤独; 独居,荒僻之地,幽静的地方 | |
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averted
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| 防止，避免( avert的过去式和过去分词 )； 转移 | |
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appalled
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| v.使惊骇，使充满恐惧( appall的过去式和过去分词)adj.惊骇的；丧胆的 | |
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prospect
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| n.前景，前途；景色，视野 | |
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92
prohibition
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| n.禁止；禁令，禁律 | |
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93
dreaded
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| adj.令人畏惧的；害怕的v.害怕，恐惧，担心( dread的过去式和过去分词) | |
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complexion
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| n.肤色；情况，局面；气质，性格 | |
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95
accosted
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| v.走过去跟…讲话( accost的过去式和过去分词 )；跟…搭讪；（乞丐等）上前向…乞讨；（妓女等）勾搭 | |
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96
gratitude
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| adj.感激，感谢 | |
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lining
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| n.衬里，衬料 | |
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